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RFID BASED TOLL GATE AUTOMATED SYSTEM SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Overview:
RFID tags are secure tokens that can provide security services to a wide range of applications. Along with other technology advances, smart card technology has changed dramatically as well. However, its communication standards, largely unchanged, do not match with those of mainstream computing, which has limited its success in the Internet age. So in order to pay tax we are normally going to pay in form of cash, but instead of that as the technology is growing we can make use of smart card which is nothing but like a memory card in which we are going to store the details of particular person and certain amount.

List Of Modules:
Power supply: A power supply is a device that supplies electrical energy to one or more electric loads. The term is most commonly applied to devices that convert one form of electrical energy to another, though it may also refer to devices that convert another form of energy (e.g., mechanical, chemical, solar) to electrical energy. A regulated power supply is one that controls the output voltage or current to a specific value; the controlled value is held nearly constant despite variations in either load current or the voltage supplied by the power supply's energy source. Microcontroller (8052): Microcontrollers as the name suggests are small controllers. They are like single chip computers that are often embedded into other systems to function as

processing/controlling unit. Many microcontroller

designs typically mix multiple

interfacing methods. In a very simplistic form, a micro-controller system can be viewed as a system that reads from (monitors) inputs, performs processing and writes to (controls) outputs.

Keypad Section:
A keypad is a set of buttons arranged in a block or "pad" which usually bear digits and other symbols and usually a complete set of alphabetical letters. If it mostly contains numbers then it can also be called a numeric keypad. Keypads are found on many alphanumeric keyboards and on other devices such as calculators, push-button telephones, combination locks, and digital door locks, which require mainly numeric input.

LCD Display Section:


A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat panel used for electronically displaying information such as text, images,and moving pictures. Its uses include monitors for computers,televisions, instrument panels, and other devices ranging from aircraft cockpit displays, to every-day consumer devices such as video players, gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators,and telephones.

Stepper Motor
A stepper motor (or step motor) is a brushless DC electric motor that can divide a full rotation into a large number of steps. The motor's position can be controlled precisely without any feedback mechanism (an open-loop controller), as long as the motor is carefully sized to the application.

Block diagram:

LCD
POWER SUPPLY

MICRO CONTROLLER MICRO CONTROLLER


R S 2 3 2

Keypad

RFID Reader

Driver

Stepper motor

FIG: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF RFID BASED TOLL-GATE AUTOMATED SYSTEM

1) Power supply:
In this system we are using 5V power supply for microcontroller of Transmitter section as well as receiver section. We use rectifiers for converting the A.C. into D.C and a step down transformer to step down the voltage.

2)RFID Module: An RFID tag is an object that can be applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader. Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other specialized functions.

3) RS-232 :
RS-232 is the traditional name for a series of standards for serial binary singleended data and control signals connecting between a DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment). It is commonly used in computerserial ports. The standard defines the electrical characteristics and timing of signals, the meaning of signals, and the physical size and pin out of connectors.

2) Microcontroller (8052):
Micro-controllers were originally used as components in complicated processcontrol systems. However, because of their small size and low price, Micro-controllers are now also being used in regulators for individual control loops

4) LCD Display Section:


This section is basically meant to show up the status of the project. This project makes use of Liquid Crystal Display to display / prompt for necessary information

3) Keypad Section:
This section consists of a Linear Keypad. This keypad is used to enter the amount to deduct from smart card. The keypad is interfaced to microcontroller which continuously scans the keypad

5)Stepper Motor:
Stepper motors are constant power devices.As motor speed increases, torque decreases. Most motors exhibit maximum torque when stationary, however the torque of a motor when stationary defines the ability of the motor to maintain a desired position while under external load Torque curves may be extended to greater speeds if the stator poles can be reversed more quickly, the limiting factor being the winding inductance

List Of Software Requirement:

Embedded c Keil compiler

List Of Hardware Requirement:


power supply ATMEL89S52 Microcontroller keypad section lcd display section RFID reader RFID tag Stepper motor

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