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Observed and Regressed Thickness as a function of Spin Speed

2500

Thickness of the Film (Angstroms)

2000

Actual Thickness
Regressed Thickness() = 57783.15*{Spin Speed(RPM)}-0.53

1500

1000

500

0 500 1500 2500 3500 4500 5500 6500 7500

Spin Speed (RPM)

Thickness of the polymer active layer as a function of spin speed.

1.2

Absorption Coefficient of MEHPPV(1,2&3) as a function of wavelength of incident light

Absorption Coefficient (a.u.)

0.8

MEHPPV(1) MEHPPV(2) MEHPPV(3)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700

Wave Length (nm)

Figure 3.* Absorption spectra of MEHPPV(1,2&3)plotted together

1.2

Absorption Coefficient of M3EHPPV(1,2&3) as a function of wavelength of incident light

Absorption Coefficient (a.u.)

0.8

M3EHPPV(1) M3EHPPV(2) M3EHPPV(3)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700

Wave Length (nm)

Figure 3.* Absorption spectra of M3EHPPV(1,2&3)

1.2

Absorption Coefficient of MEH-DOO-PPV(1,2&3) as a function of wavelength of incident light


MEH-DOO-PPV(1)

Absorption Coefficient (a.u.)

0.8

MEH-DOO-PPV(2) MEH-DOO-PPV(3)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700

Wave Length (nm)

Figure 3.* Absorption spectra of MEH-DOO-PPV(1,2&3)

0.9 0.8 0.7


AM 1.5 (Solar Spectrum) Xenon Lamp M3EHPPV (absorption)

arbitrary units

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3

0.2
0.1 0 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700

wave length

1 0.9 0.8 0.7

Photoluminescence Spectra of MEHPPV(1,2&3) Samples

MEHPPV(1) MEHPPV(2) MEHPPV(3)

Photoluminescence (a.u.)

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 250 -0.1

350

450

550

650

750

Wave Length (nm)

Figure 3.* Photoluminescent spectra of MEHPPV(1,2&3)

1.2

Photoluminescence Spectra of M3EHPPV(1,2&3) Samples

0.8

M3EHPPV(1)

Photoluminescence (a.u.)

0.6

M3EHPPV(2)
M3EHPPV(3)

0.4

0.2

0 250 -0.2 350 450 550 650 750

Wave Length (nm)

Figure 3.* Photoluminescent spectra of M3EHPPV(1,2&3)

1.2

Photoluminescence Spectra of MEH-DOO-PPV(1,2&3) Samples

0.8

MEH-DOO-PPV(1)
MEH-DOO-PPV(2)

Photoluminescence (a.u.)

0.6

MEH-DOO-PPV(3)
0.4

0.2

0
250 -0.2 350 450 550 650 750

Wave Length (nm)

Figure 3.* Photoluminescent spectra of MEH-DOO-PPV(1,2&3

Electroluminence response of All MEHPPV samples


3

Electroluminescence (a.u.)

2.5

1.5

MEHPPV(1) MEHPPV(2) MEHPPV(3) M3EHPPV(1) M3EHPPV(2) M3EHPPV(3) MEH-DOO-PPV(1) MEH-DOO-PPV(2) MEH-DOO-PPV(3)

0.5

0 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

Wave length (nm)

Figure 3.* Electroluminescent response of all the PPVs juxtaposed on the same axes.

1.6 1.4 1.2

Absorption coefficient for PCBM and C60

absorption (a.u.)

1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 250 300 350 400

PCBM C60

450

500

wave length

12

Absorption spectra of MEHPPV and its composites with PCBM


MEHPPV MEHPPV(PCBM 5%) MEHPPV(PCBM 10%)

10

Absorptance (a.u.)

MEHPPV(PCBM 20%)

0 150 250 350 450 550 650 750

wave length (nm)

1.2

Absorption spectra of M3EHPPV and its composites with PCBM


M3EHPPV M3EHPPV(PCBM 5%) M3EHPPV(PCBM 10%) M3EHPPV(PCBM 20%) M3EHPPV(PCBM 30%)

Absorptance (a.u.)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700

wavelength (nm)

1 0.9 0.8

Absorption spectra of MEH-DOO-PPV and its composite with PCBM


MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Absorptance (a.u.)

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

wave length (nm)

1
0.9 0.8

Photoluminescent spectra of MEHPPV and its composite with PCBM


MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Photoluminescence (a.u.)

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2

0.1
0 350 -0.1 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

wave length (nm)

1.4

Photoluminescent spectra of M3EHPPV and its composite with PCBM

photoluminescent intensity (a.u.)

1.2

M3EHPPV Film 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 450 500 550 600 650 700 750

wave length (nm)

1.2

Photoluminescent spectra of MEH-DOO-PPV and its composites with PCBM


MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Photoluminescence (a.u.)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 250 -0.2 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

wave length (nm)

2 1.8

Electroluminescent spectra of MEHPPV and its composite with PCBM


MEHPPV 5% PCBM Composite 10% PCBM Composite

Electroluminescence (a.u.)

1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 500 550 600 650 700

20% PCBM Composite


30% PCBM Composite

750

800

Wave length (nm)

2.5

Electroluminescent spectra of M3EHPPV and its composite with PCBM


M3EHPPV 5% PCBM Composite 10% PCBM Composites 20% PCBM Composites

Electroluminescence (a.u.)

1.5

30% PCBM Composites

0.5

0
500 550 600 650 700 750 800

Wave length (nm)

2.5

Electroluminescent spectra of MEH-DOO-PPV and its composite with PCBM

Electroluminescence (a.u.)

1.5

MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM composite 10 % PCBM Composite 20% PCBM Composite 30% PCBM Composite

0.5

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

Wave length (nm)

0.5

j-V characteristics of MEHPPV ( = 0.19%)

0.4

0.3

Current density (mA/cm2)

0.2

100 mW /cm2 AM 1.5 equivalent illumination

0.1

0 0 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Voltage

-0.2

0.6

jV characteristics of MEHPPV and PCBM composites


MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20 % PCBM 30% PCBM
100 mW /cm2 AM 1.5 equivalent illumination

0.5

0.4

Current density (mA/cm2)

0.3

0.2

0.1

0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

-0.1

Voltage (V)

-0.2

0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

jV characteristics of M3EHPPV ( = 0.34%)

mA/cm2

100 mW /cm2 AM 1.5 equivalent illumination

0
-0.1

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.2

Voltage

0.9 0.8 0.7

jV characteristics of M3EHPPV and PCBM composites


M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Current density (mA/cm2)

0.6

0.5
0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 -0.1

100 mW /cm2 AM 1.5 equivalent illumination

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.2

1.4

Voltage (V)
-0.2

0.9 0.8 0.7

jV characteristics of MEH-DOO-PPV ( = 0.32%)

Current density (mA/cm2 )

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

100 mW /cm2 AM 1.5 equivalent illumination

-0.2

Voltage

1.2

jV characteristics of MEH-DOO-PPV and PCBM composites


MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Current density (mA/cm2)

0.8

100 mW /cm2 AM 1.5 equivalent illumination

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

-0.2

Voltage (V)

MEHPPV(n)Real part of the refractive index

n (refractive index)

1.8

1.3 450 650 850

Wave length (nm)

MEHPPV(k)Imaginary part of the refractive index


0.7

k (Imaginary part of refractive index)

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

Wave length (nm)

2.2

Real Part of Refractive Index of MEHPPV and its composite with PCBM

Real Part of Refractive Index (n)

1.8

1.6

1.4

MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

1.2

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

Wave length (nm)

0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 450

Imaginary part of Refractive index for MEHPPV and its composite with PCBM
MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Imaginary part of Refractive Index (k)

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

Wave length (nm)

Real part of Refractive index for M3EHPPV and its composite with PCBM
2.2

Real part of Refractive Index (n)

1.8

1.6

M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

1.4

1.2 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850

Wave length (nm)

0.8

Imaginary part of Refractive index for M3EHPPV and its composite with PCBM
M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Imaginary part of Refractive Index (k)

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

Wave length (nm)

2.2

Real part of Refractive index for MEH-DOO-PPV and its composite with PCBM

2.1

Real part of Refractive Index (n)

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20 % PCBM 30% PCBM

1.5

1.4 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

Wave length (nm)

0.4

Imaginary part of Refractive index for MEH-DOO-PPV and its composite with PCBM
MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Imaginary part of Refractive Index (k)

0.35 0.3

0.25 0.2

0.15 0.1

0.05 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

Wave length (nm)

0.0001

Hole mobilities as a function of applied field

(cm2/Vs)

1E-05

MEHPPV M3EHPPV MEH-DOO-PPV

1E-06 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

E1/2 (V1/2/cm1/2)

10

DSC Thermogram of MEHPPV and its composite with PCBM

Heat Flow

Endo

MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Temperature in (oC)

10

DSC Thermogram of M3EHPPV and its composite with PCBM


9

Heat Flow

Endo

M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

3 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Temperature in (oC)

10

9.5

DSC Thermogram of MEH-DOO-PPV and its composite with PCBM

8.5

Heat Flow

7.5

MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

6.5

Endo
6 5.5

5 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Temperature in (oC)

7 6

Dielectric permittivity of MEHPPV and its composites with PCBM

Normalised Capacitance c/co

5 4 3 2 1

MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Bias (V)

Dielectric permittivity of M3EHPPV and its composites with PCBM


6

Normalised Capacitance c/co

5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Bias (V)

7 6

Dielectric permittivity of MEH-DOO-PPV and its composites with PCBM


MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Normalised Capacitance c/co

5 4

3
2 1 0

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

Bias (V)

Capacitance as a function of frequency for MEHPPV and its 1.60E-09 composites with PCBM
1.40E-09 1.20E-09

Capacitance (F)

1.00E-09

8.00E-10
6.00E-10 4.00E-10 2.00E-10 0.00E+00

MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

5
Log 10 Frequency

Capacitance as a function of frequency for M3EHPPV and its 1.80E-09 composites with PCBM
1.60E-09 1.40E-09

Capacitance (F)

1.20E-09 1.00E-09 8.00E-10

6.00E-10
4.00E-10 2.00E-10 0.00E+00

M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Log 10 Frequency

Capacitance as a function of frequency for MEH-DOO-PPV 2.00E-09 and its composites with PCBM
1.80E-09 1.60E-09

Capacitance (F)

1.40E-09 1.20E-09

1.00E-09
8.00E-10 6.00E-10 4.00E-10 2.00E-10 0.00E+00

MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Log 10 Frequency

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0

Cole-Cole Plot of MEHPPV and its composites with PCBM

Z" (Imaginary Impedance)

MEHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Z' (Real Impedance)

800 700

Cole-Cole Plot of M3EHPPV and its composites with PCBM

Z" (Imaginary Impedance)

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 -100 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 M3EHPPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

Z' (Real Impedance)

900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0

Cole-Cole Plot of MEH-DOO-PPV and its composites with PCBM

Z" (Imaginary Impedance)

MEH-DOO-PPV 5% PCBM 10% PCBM 20% PCBM 30% PCBM

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Z' (Real Impedance)

1.4

X-Ray diffractogram of pure PCBM sample

1.2

Intensity (a.u.)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

2 theta

800 700 600

X-Ray diffractogram of MEHPPV sample

Intensity (a.u.)

500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

2 theta

800 700 600

X-Ray diffractogram of 5% PCBM : MEHPPV composite sample

Intensity (a.u.)

500

400
300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15

PCBM peaks

20

25

30

35

40

2 theta

800

X-Ray diffractogram of 10% PCBM : MEHPPV composite sample


700 600

Intensity (a.u.)

500
PCBM peaks

400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

2 theta

800 700 600 500

X-Ray diffractogram of 20% PCBM : MEHPPV composite sample

Intensity (a.u.)

400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

2 theta

800

X-Ray diffractogram of 30% PCBM : MEHPPV composite sample


700

600

Intensity (a.u.)

500

400

300

200

100

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

2 theta

800 700 600

X-Ray diffractogram of M3EHPPV Sample

Intensity (a.u.)

500

400 300
200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

2 theta

600

X-Ray diffractogram of MEH-DOO-PPV sample

500

Intensity (a.u.)

400

300

200

100

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

2 theta

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