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Crenation of red blood cells results when the red blood cells lose water into a fluid environment that contains more solutes than the cell. This solution is a hypertonic solution. a. True b. False 2. ___ is generally accepted evolutionary process which created the organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria. a. Endosymbiosis b. Evolution c. Symbiosis d. Punctuated equilibrium 3. ___ are polymers of monosaccharides a. Lipids b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Nucleic acids 4. ___ are polymers of amino acids a. Lipids b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. nucleic acids 5. the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane that is impermeable to a solute in the water is a. active transport b. diffusion c. osmosis d. endocytosis e. filtration 6. In a single sodium-potassium pump cycle, ATP is used to cause ___ a cell. a. 3 sodium ions to leave and 2 potassium ions to enter b. 1 sodium ion to enter and 1 potassium ion to leave c. 1 sodium ion to leave and 1 potassium ion to enter d. 2 sodium ions to enter and 2 potassium ions to leave e. Sodium and potassium ions to enter and water to leave 7. Biological membranes contain bilayers of which of the following molecules a. Phospholipids b. Oils c. Prostaglandins d. Triglycerides e. Cholesterol 8. Macromolecules that are used by organism to store genetic information are called a. Proteins b. Lipids

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c. Carbohydrates d. Steroids e. Nucleic acids Membrane-bound organelles that contain powerful enzymes found in cells are known an a. Lysosomes b. Plastids c. Vacuoles d. Liposomes e. Ribosomes The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration until an equilibrium is reached. a. Osmosis b. Active transport c. Filtration d. Diffusion Which of the following organelles would only be found within a cell that was both eukaryotic and could produce its own food (carbohydrates) a. Mitochondria b. Ribosomes c. Round endoplasmic reticulum d. Chloroplasts Plant cells experience plasmolysis if an abundance of water has moved into the central vacuole a. True b. False Denaturation changes the shape of a protein and causes the protein to function more efficiently a. True b. False Which of the following is not a macromolecule a. Carbohydrate b. Water c. Nucleic acids d. Proteins e. Lipids The process often thought of as cell eating that is used by white blood cells to engulf bacteria is a. Osmosis b. pinocytosis c. phagocytosis d. exocytosis e. active transport both active transport and facilitated diffusion utilize ___ embedded in the cell membrane a. carrier proteins

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b. cytoskeleton proteins c. structural proteins d. targeted proteins a ___ enclosed the cell and separates its contents from the surroundings a. plasma membrane b. phospholipids c. cytoskeleton d. cell wall some ribosomes may be attached to a. chromosomes b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum c. rough endoplasmic reticulum d. histones e. vacuoles the post office could be used as an analogy for the ___ because of its procession, packaging, and distribution functions a. plasma membrane b. Golgi apparatus c. chloroplast d. nucleolus the DNA of eukaryotes is contained in a membrane-bound structure called a ___ a. nucleolus b. cell c. nucleus d. plasma membrane common lipids for energy storage are a. phospholipids b. steroids c. triglycerides d. cholesterol molecules osmosis can only occur if water travels through a(n) a. cell wall b. selectively permeable membrane c. vacuole d. endoplasmic reticulum e. cytoskeleton Plant cells often have large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other substances. This organelle is called a a. nucleus b. chloroplast c. Golgi complex d. centriole

e. central vacuole 24. in eukaryotes, mitochondria are the organelles primarily involved in a. energy production b. phospholipids assembly c. export of enzymes d. lipid synthesis e. protein synthesis 25. a types of transport that moves substances across a membrane, up its concentration gradient, using protein carriers driven by ATP is known as a. osmosis b. diffusion c. facilitated transport d. active transport e. exocytosis