Nonfluent Aphasias

Brocas Aphasia
Site of lesion: Brocas area. 3rd
convolution (both the gyrus and the sulcus) of the left frontal lobe. Brodmanns areas 44 & 45. It makes up the lower part of the pre-motor cortex

Fluent Aphasias
Wernickes Aphasia
Site of lesion: Wernicke's area,
posterior region of the left superior temporal gyrus. Brodmann's areas 21 and 42. Damage often extends into parietal lobe, affecting the angular gyrus Meaning is associated with speech sounds in Wernicke's area. Also center for reading and writing and auditory comprehension. Adjacent to Hechls Gyrusauditory associations.

Agrammatism Effortful speech Short, telegraphic phrases Presence of apraxia Marked naming problems Slow speech rate Lacking intonation Poor reading and writing ability Relatively good auditory comprehension Intact repetition Lack of spontaneous speech Naming problems Short, telegraphic sentences Good articulation Agrammatism Paraphasias

Fluent but meaningless speech Severe auditory comprehension deficit Jargon, paraphasias, and neologisms Good articulation and intonation Naming difficulties Poor reading comprehension Writing deficits Marked difficulty repeating words and phrases Only minor comprehension problems Good articulation and prosody Naming problems Recognition of errors with attempts to self correct Intact repetition Poor auditory comprehension Naming difficulties Paraphasias

Transcortical Motor Aphasia

Site of lesion: superior to and
anterior to Broca's area. Communication between Broca's area and the pre-motor or supplementary motor area (Brodmann's Area 6) is cut off. may also sever links between Broca's area and the basal ganglia and/or the thalamus.

Conduction Aphasia
Site of lesion: damage to the
arcuate fasciculus, a bundle of nerve fibers that lies below the supramarginal gyrus in the temporal lobe and connects Broca's and Wernicke's areas. Both Broca's and Wernicke's areas are left intact.

Isolation/Mixed Aphasia
Site of lesion:

Similar to Brocas but severly impaired comprehension Marked naming difficulty Mild-moderately impaired repetition skills All language fxns severely affected (expressive and receptive) Severe deficits in comprehension and production Naming problems Difficulty with gestural skills Impaired reading and writing

Transcortical Sensory
Aphasia Site of lesion: occurs when
Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the arcuate fasciculus are undamaged but are cut off from the rest of the brain by infarcted tissue.

Global Aphasia
Site of lesion: both anterior
and posterior lesions.

Anomic Aphasia
Site of lesion: localized with
the least reliability of any of the aphasic syndromes. Often temporal parietal area. The angular gyrus may also be affected, causing alexia and agraphia. (Some patients with anomic aphasia can write well, however).

Marked naming problems Near-normal language Good comprehension Good repetition skills Relatively good auditory comprehension Good articulation Good grammar