SULIT (BEKC 3633)

QUESTION 1 a) Briefly describe two (2) advantages of FM transmission over AM transmission.

b)

A single tone signal and its related information shown in the following Figure Q4(b) is applied to a high frequency carrier expressed as Vc(t) = 12 sin (1000kt) using the FM modulator with deviation sensitivity K1 = 2 kHz/V. Given the resistance load RL at the antenna is 20 and f = 1/T. Determine i. i. ii. The modulation index The frequency deviation f Sketch the output frequency spectrum showing the relative amplitude of the side frequencies. iii. iv. The total power of the modulated signal The approximated bandwidth using the Bessel Function Table & Carsons Rule.

Figure Q4(b) : Time scale 100s/div, voltage scale 5V/div

2 SULIT

SULIT (BEKC 3633) QUESTION 2 (b) Given an FM transmitter with an input carrier signal Vc(t) = 12 sin (2500kt), deviation sensitivity K = 4 kHz/V and a load resistor RL = 20 . For a modulating signal Vm(t) = 8 sin (28000t), i) ii) Determine the modulation index. Determine the necessary bandwidth for transmission using both Bessel Table and Carsons Rule. iii) Sketch the output frequency spectrum showing the relative amplitude of the side frequencies. iv) From the answer in iii) determine the total modulated wave power for a bandwidth obtained using both methods of Bessel Table and Carsons Rule. v) Make your conclusion on the methods used based on Bessel Table and Carsons Rule in term of bandwidth and total modulated wave power. (17 marks) QUESTION 3 (a) The mathematical equation for the average power in the unmodulated carrier is given as
Vc 2 Watt Pc = 2R

The equation could be used for calculating the angle and amplitude modulation. For an initial value of carrier voltage, Vc = 10 V, modulation coefficient, m = 1 and modulating voltage, Vm = 8 V, (assume a load resistance = 50 ) determine i) ii) iii) The total transmitted power for AM. The average transmitter power for FM. The unmodulated carrier power for FM and AM modulator.

Compare the answers of the above i), ii) and iii) and make some conclusion which technology have better power consumption. Note: AM Amplitude Modulation and FM Frequency Modulation (10 marks) 3 SULIT

SULIT (BEKC 3633) (b) A Task to select between modulator A and modulator B is given to an engineer from TN-TOUCH. The parameters for the given modulators are as shown in the following Table Q4(b). For both modulators, determine i) ii) iii) The modulation index The output frequency spectrum By using the Carsons Rule and Bessel Function, which modulator is having the wider bandwidth? Based on the data given in the table, evaluate which one is the frequency modulator and phase modulator.

Table Q4(b): The Parameter value for Modulator A and B No 1 2 3 Parameters Deviation Sensitivity Carrier Frequency Modulating Signal Equation 3.1 Amplitude of the signal 3.2 Modulating Frequency 2 sin (12566.37t) V Modulator A 1.5 kHz/V 5 MHz Modulator B 0.75 rad/V

(15 marks)

[25 marks]

4 SULIT

SULIT (BEKC 3633) APPENDIX 1 1. Table of Angle Modulation Summary

3.

Formula related to digital encoding

V Vmax DR max Vmin resolution

DR(dB ) 20 log
2 n 1 DR

Vmax resolution

5 SULIT

SULIT (BEKC 3633) 2. Table of Bessel Table

12 SULIT

SULIT (BEKC 3633)

SULIT 13