Experiment-1

Profile Projector
Metrology Laboratory

NAME : ANIL CHEJARA ROLL NO: 9003022 GROUP: 5

IIT-Gandhinagar

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METROLOGY LAB

Table of Content:
1. Objective..........3 2. Equipment ...........3 3. Theory......3

4. Procedure.....4 5. Observation and Table............................4 6. Conclusion...............6 7. Advantage ...................................7 8. Disadvantage .............................................................................................................8

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METROLOGY LAB

OBJECTIVE: To study the construction and operation of profile projector and to use the projector in measurement of different profiles. EQUIPMENT: Profile projector and components and gear to be measured. THEORY: A profile projector is an optical instrument which is used for measuring different components. It is a useful item in a small parts machine shop or production line for the quality control inspection team. The projector magnifies the profile of the specimen and displays this on the built-in projection screen where one can take the measurement of the profile. The main principle of profile projectors operation is that a specimen is placed on the glass stage and the stage is then illuminated. The resulting image is picked up by the microscope objectives and projected to a large built -in projection screen. Since the specimen has under lighting, the details of the contour and profile are seen. A drawing can be affixed to the profile projector's large viewing screen and the contour can be easily traced or compared to other profiles. WORKING: A source of high intensity light is placed at the focus of collimating lens. It projects the component onto the screen. The cross table can be moved along X and Y axis and movement can be measured very accurately. It can also be rotated from 0 to 360. This projection screen displays the profile of the specimen and is magnified for better ease of calculating linear measurements. An edge of the specimen to examine may be lined up with the grid on the screen. From there, simple measurements may be taken for distances to other points. This is being done on a magnified profile of the specimen. It can be simpler as well as reduce errors by measuring on the magnified projection screen of a profile projector.

Parts of Profile Projector 1. Screen glass: Frosted screen glass has a photo etced angle graduations of 360. 2. Fine Feed Knob: Fine feed nobto rotate thescreen glass to measure angle of a component 3. Vernier: Vernier of 2min.L .C. has beenprovided to check the angle

FIGURE:: PROFILE PROJECTER

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PROCEDURE: Power the projector and the measuring unit. Keep the component on the cross table and focus it on the built-in projection screen in profile projector. Keep the component which is to be measured, on the cross table of projector. To measure the diameter or radius of any circular portion of gear, one need minimum three input points in which one point is taken as the origin. Place cross head on first input point and set the X and Y coordinate on digital measuring system to zero. Then press the circle button on the measuring system. Press next button on the measuring unit to give second input point and then third input point using the cross head on projection screen. Press the finish button which will give the centre point coordinates. Then press next to display the diameter and radius. Use step 6-8 for measuring outer diameter, inner diameter and shaft hole diameter of gear. Also use the same steps to measure the involute profile of the gear. To measure the length, input one endpoint as the origin by placing the cross head and make the length to be parallel to X-axis of cross head. Then place the cross head at the other endpoint which will display the length on Xcoordinate display of measuring unit. Using step previous steps to measure the sides of triangles given.

OBSERVATION AND TABLE:

SPECIMEN 1

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SPECIMEN 2

SPECIMEN 3 GEAR

Profile Outer circle Root circle Shaft hole

Radius(mm) 32.579 25.112 7.79

Top land width: Tooth 1: 1.637 mm Tooth 2: 2.044 mm Tooth 3: 1.751 mm

Circular thickness: 5.554 mm Gear height = addendum + dedendum = 6.556mm

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METROLOGY LAB

Tooth no. 1 1 1 2 2 2 3

Profile Outer1 Outer2 Inner(base) Outer1 Outer2 Inner(base) Outer1

Radius (mm) 28.077 13.001 2.576 18.93 17.281 1.957 11.87

CONCLUSION: 1. Circle dimensions are measured to understand the measurement procedure. 2. Profile of gear obtained taking dimensions of different parts is different when observed microscopically. 3. The measurements of different parts of keys were taken.

ADVANTAGE: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. It gives more accurate readings compared to vernier. Dimensions of complex profiles can easily be obtained by magnifying the object. It is a non-contacting method for measurement and hence reduces the chances of error. Profile Projector can reveal imperfections such as burrs, scratches, indentations or undesirable chamfers and it can measure in 2D.

DISADVANTAGES: 1. 2. 3. 4. Transportation problem-difficulty to carry because of large size. Costly compared to vernier callipers. Dark environment necessary to clearly see the image. There are chances of error while setting the cross-slide accurately.

IIT-Gandhinagar

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