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CIS

Cornell University Library

S 675. H16
Culture, agriculture, orcliard cutlure

and

3 1924 003 321

456

Culture, Agriculture,

Orchard Culture,
-AND THE-

Utility of

Weeds,

J.

H, Hale, John Gould, T. B. Terry, F. H.

Dow

and others.

PUBLISHED BY

The Cutaway Harrow Company,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE
Celebrated Clark's Cutaway Tools.

HIGGANUM, CONN.,
U. S. A.

Bigelow Manufacturers' Print, Portland, Conn.

Cornell University Library

The
tine

original of

tiiis

book

is in

Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright

restrictions in
text.

the United States on the use of the

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003321456

Culture, Agriculture,

Orchard Culture,
-AND THE-

Utility of
BY

Weeds,

J.

H. Hale, John Gould, T. B. Terry, F. H. Dow,

and others.

PUBLISHED BY

The Cutaway Harrow Company,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE
Celebrated Clark's Cutaway, Tools.

HIGGANUM, CONN.,
U. S. A.

Bigelow Manufacturers' Print, Portland, Conn^

S(o7'o

PREFACE.
book on the proper cultivation of the some of the best agricultural writers of the country. To J. H. Hale, of South Glastonbury, Ct., the largest and most successful peach grower in the country, we are
In publishing this
little

soil

we have

called to our assistance

indebted for the general article on the cultivation of orchards.

on growing corn is written by John Gould, of The is a well-known writer on this subject. successful growing of corn is what is being sought after now by the farmers of every state in the Union, to whom Mr. Gould's article will be found very worthy of consideration. The article on potato culture and proper tilling of the ground for same is by T. B. Terry, of Hudson, Ohio, whose articles are too
article

The

Aurora, Ohio,

who

well

known

to

comment

on.

We

are

indebted

to

the

"Practical

Farmer" of Philadelphia
of this article.

for their kindness to us in the preparation

Mr. F. H. Dow, of West Caton, N.

of

Y,,

who

is

a well

known

writer

New York

state, gives us

some

interesting facts on tillage.

is

The article on grass culture Higganum, Ct. The illustrations

written by Geo.
his article

M. Clark, of
reproductions

in

are

from photographs taken on his farm during the harvesting of the hay crop. Mr. Clark has made great success in the proper growing
of grass.

We have sought this means of bringing before every farmer the advantages to be gained by the proper handling of the soil for different crops by the use of the "Cutaway'' tools. These tools have now been introduced into every state and territory in the Union, also in nearly all foreign countries; they are being worked successfully on the Khedive's farms at Cairo, Egypt; also they have become very There is no work but what this line of general in the colonies.
machines
saving
in
is

adapted

to

cultivation

and farmers using them will find a great and a large increase of crops when used

according to directions. We shall be pleased to forward fully illustrated catalogues of the Cutaway goods to all parties wishing same; and will cheerfully furnish any information we can on subjects beneficial to the farming

community.

INTRODUCTORY.
tools are now made in some one hundred different and patterns. We have just brought out this year three new tools which we would ask a careful examination of, as we believe there has been no so great labor-saving tool introduced as the Right Lap Cutaways. The Right Lap Cutaway is made in three sizes, 24-inch, which is reversible, is not only well adapted for general use, but is especially designed for cultivation of orchards and berry fields. The 36 and 48 inch Right Laps are designed for general use. The 36 and 48 inch Right Laps are also fitted with an absolute force feed seeder which is positive in all its actions. We would ask your careful examination of the description of these tools in this

Cutaway

styles

book.

One very

essential pouit in the

is

Right Laps to which we desire

especially to call your attention

to the greater scope of the disks

and greater working angle. The angle of the regular harrow gang disks works the soil about six inches wide, while the Right Lap disk much more thoroughly pulverizes to the width of nine inches.
Practically the right hand

gang does double work

it

of the regular har-

row gang. With nearly

all

other harrows

has been

difficult to cootrol cer-

tain .conditions of the soil, such as light swards, sod land, fields

that

have been plowed for several months, or wheat, oats, barley and corn, stubble land. By the use of the "Cutaway" tools on these lands there is no necessity for a plow, all work being done much more perfectly and thoroughly pulverized, putting under all trash, stubble and
stalks.

The Cutaway
and turning the
disks.

disk

is

constructed on scientific principles, lifting

lighter,

it side-wise as other styles of they entering the ground easier, penetrating deeper, stirring and pulverizing much more thoroughly than can possibly be done with the solid or any other form of disk.

soil

instead of pushing

The

draft

is

much

Hard baked and adobe lands can be worked successfully with the Cutaway where even a plow will not disturb and other harrows cannot work at all.

Culture, Agriculture, and Orchard Culture. The Utility of Weeds.

From
1-8

of

an acre and a hand hoe to looo acres and a car load of

Cutaway
BY
J.

Harrovrs.

H.

HALE.

boy

available implement of culture on the farm when as a began my first operations, were a broken handled shovel, one short handled spade and a hoe. To be sure, whatever crops were planted were upon land that had been roughly plowed, boy fashion, with the aid of a yoke of oxen loaned the fatherless boys, by a kind
I

The only

neighbor.

The area under cultivation was limited and usually two or three hand hoeings, to keep down the weeds, was the only culture given, for I had not learned in those early days, that the destruction of weeds should be but a very small part of soil culture. Later on when the first horse was bought and the old-style wooden frame cultivator was put at work, it was simply to aid the hoe in keeping down the weeds and it was not till the extreme dry
will stay with

season of 1870 that I learned my first real lesson in soil culture that me through life and I believe in a very large degree has contributed to whatever success I have had in a life devoted to agriculture, which, started without capital, has proven a most satisfactory and profitable business venture. In May, 1870, an acre plot of the old farm land had been

planted in sweet corn to be fed in its green state to milch cows and The first hoeing revealed the pigs during August and September. plot of land was thoroughly infested with fact that this particular

Couch or quack
horse,

grass, that was likely to smother out the corn. Full of boyish vigor and with the pride of ownership in a

new
his

we

set about justifying its purchase,

by making him earn

living, in assisting us to eradicate this pest.

it

In the long to be remembered heat and drouth of that summer, seemed too hot to work during the middle of the day, but night

after night,

week in and week o-ut, I astride of and down, out and across, that field the boney old horse, rode up between the rows of corn, while my brother followed behind holding the cultivator. We rejoiced to se" we were slowly conquering the
from
six o'clock
till

dark,

quack grass and kept on the, cultivation to its final exterminatioti; only to awaken to the fact that through all that fight the corn was growing with luxuriant, vigor and finally, in August, amid all the drouth and dearth of that parching summer, it was about the only field Money was a of well developed corn in all the country around.

scarce article with us in those days, so that we quickly caught on to the suggestion of a kind neighbor, that the nearby city markets would readily buy our green corn at prices way beyond the value

placed upon
this to

it

by the cows and pigs of the farm.

trial

proved

be true and the entire product was peddled out for some over $200, more money than we had ever had before from any crop of the
farm.

marketing was developed our the products of our farms have sold for over $100,000. All through the struggling years that have gone by, one leading thought and practice has been, culture, culture frequent and thorough, and over and again I have noted the utility and blessings of weeds, those ever-true and constant friends of the farmer, without which I fear the lessons of culture would never have been fully learned by the most of us soil tillers. In fact, it is my belief, based upon many extended observations through every state in the Union, that were it not for grass and weeds to stimulate culture, the average crop production, through lack of culture, would fall far, very far, below the present production; while I am fully convinced that if thorough and right culture were to be given each acre of land under the plow, it would at once more than double the production. A few years ago, in the fertile Sacramento Valley of California, I visited one of the great wheat farms, where several thousands of acres of wheat was grown annually. Business was done on such a great scale that one plowing with gang plows and then a hurried scratching in of the seed with various sorts of harrows, was the only preparation or culture given. Right adjoining, on precisely similar soil, was a woman farmer, with only about 500 acres under plow, but a thorough believer in culture. Early in summer land was plowed with single plows, cross plowed in autumn and then harrowed many times over with a Cutaway harrow, before seeding, so as to make a mellow seed bed. Seeding followed a little later and then more harthis

From

small beginning
till

in

vegetable and fruit business,

this season of 1895

rowing.

The average yield of wheat under her system of culture was 32 bushels per acre, as against 12 bushels per acre on the neighboring big farm. An increased product of over 150 per cent for culture
alone, one-third of which profit would pay the cost of extra culture,

leaving a net profit of 100 per cent.

culture
?

Is this not an object lesson in

And by
in the

culture

ing, nearly so

much

as

do not mean that culture which follows plantI do that culture which precedes it; for it is
soil for

preparation of the

seed or plant bed, for annual crops,

at

that the greatest' results

are

attained

the

least

cost.

After

culture

is necessary and usually the more the better, but in this the growing crops are always in the way and add greatly to the cost' while before planting, one has a free swing, and with such excellent implements of tillage as the Cutaway harrow, can do more for one dollar than can be done for $io later on, and as "tillage is manure" in so much as by the thorough and deep mixing of soils that is brought about by the Cutaway, particles of soil come in contact with one another for the first time and chemicals are set free that would otherwise have remained locked up unpalatable and indigestible as food for plants. These things I believe, yes, I know, from many years' experience in the culture of small fruits on an extended scale, while in orchard culture "tillage is manure," tillage is moisture, and without thorough tillage success cannot be attained in its highest degree. In some soils and under certain conditions, the use of the plow once a year in early spring may be necessary, culture the rest of the year being maintained by harrows and cultivators. But since the advent of the Cutaway harrow, it is not only possible to dispense with plowing, but also better and cheaper to do so and have all the culture done with the harrow, thus avoiding all danger of tearing and breaking roots; a trouble that is always with us in plowing an orchard, even though the work be done by a most While this breaking of the roots will not kill the trees, careful man. or even work injury that is always apparent, there is no doubt but that it is a weakening process, that does work injury and ought to be avoided wherever possible. My own practice in this latitude is to give the orchards most thorough culture from early spring till late in July, when I abandon all culture and allow grass and weeds to grow at will and the trees to ripen up their wood early and mature In some soils which are fruit buds for the next season's crop.

of winter

naturally inclined to grass, quite a sod will form before the approach and if nothing further is done, it is usually best to plow

shallow in early spring and then follow with the harrows. To avoid the necessity for this plowing, however, I find that if late in the fall, just before the ground freezes up for winter, the

Cutaway Harrow is run over the field a few times, the grass gets so thoroughly chopped up as to be mostly killed out through the winter,
then
I
if

the harrow

is

started early in spring the most perfect culture

of can be carried on without plowing, but this spring harrowing must be done just as soon as the ground is well settled after the coming out of the frost. If deferred for two or three weeks, the

know

ground
fit it

is

likely to

become dry and hard and take

far

more time

to

for the other cultures that are to follow.

This practice I have followed out for six years now on a 22 acre peach orchard and reduced the cost of annual culture nearly 25 per

and I believe, giving me more healthy and vigorous trees than can be found in any other 12 year old peach orchard in the country. My orchards are scattered about for the purpose of obtaining most favorable locations and those that are not on the home farm are worked by contract labor, while the home farm orchards have been worked with our own teams. The summer of 1894 was an exceedingly dry one here and through force of circumstances having two more horses on hand than required for the ordinary work of farm
cent,

and orchards, and knowing that culture was our only plan to irrigation, for two full months this extra team and a Cutaway Harrow was made to supplant the regular culture of the orchard, by daily going between the rows of trees in one direction or the other, kicking up a cloud of dust wherever they went; but at the end of the
season it proved to be "gold dust," for this double or extra culture kept the trees growing luxuriantly all through the drouth and these orchards gave us the largest and finest fruit we had ever grown, while on other orchards, with the culture of ordinary years, the product was below the average.
Just
orchards,

now

in

looking over the

sales

account of the different

I find

that the fruit from the highly cultivated orchard

sold for an average of 24 9-10 cents more per basket than the others, or a net increase of a little more than $125 per acre. One good har-

rowing with the Cutaway ought to be done at a cost of $1 per acre. Suppose in these two months each acre was harrowed 25 times over, at a total cost of $25, the returns would give an actual profit of 400 per cent. Is farming unprofitable industry when such profits are possible as the results of thorough, or rather extra thorough culture ? As to implements of culture, any plow, cultivator, or harrow that is made, no matter how poor it may be, will accomplish much if used at the right season, frequently and with judgment. Yet as by far the most costly part of culture is the team work, the best implements are the only ones that should be used by those who are after profits in orchard culture. Having tested about every style of harrow that has been offered on the market, I have found none so satisfactory for orchard work as the Cutaway. A thorough mixing of the soil, 3 to 4 inches in depth, can be accomplished with this at the least possible cost. Once in a while it may be best to supplement its work with a smoothing harrow, but whatever implements are used, to win the highest success, keep everlastingly at it, through April, May, June and July. It's the sure way to produce fine trees and fruit and "Cutaway" the mortgage.
J.

H. Hale.

South Glastonbury, Conn., October

20, 1895.

South Glastonbury, Conn.

Gentlemen
yards.

Before you issue another catalogue

in

wish to say

a word regarding your harrow, for general use

orchards and vine-

You know we have used

since the
first

these harrows in
I

introduction, and, while

at less cost with
is

better

work and
it

ment
that
I

tested,

only since the

have become satisfied that any orchard may be thoroughly other implement. For the past three years one of our orchards on sandy, loamy soil, where there are but few stones, has been taken up in the spring, without plowing, and, simply by the use of this harrow, been thoroughly pulverized and put in perfect condition, in less than half the time it would have taken to plow it; but better than this, it has avoided breaking and tearing up of any of the roots, so common in plowing, even with the most careful workman. Another special advantage I find in the use of this implement, that in stiff, hard ground, where land must of necessity be plowed once a year, all the plowing may be done by back furrowing up the rows of trees without danger of bruising them with the plow or whifHetrees, and then the ground being made perfectly level during the summer by the use of your reversible harrow, which will take all of this mounded earth away from the tree in one or two operations. I assure you we shall continue the use of the harrows here among all our fields, and, as we are planting a six hundred acre orchard in Fort Valley, Georgia, this winter, shall want a carload of the implements shipped down there, as soon as we begin cultivation.
"Very respectfully,
J.

all their varied forms have always been able to do them than with any other impleperfection of the reversible harrow with this instrument alone almost cultivated without the aid of any

H. Hale.

The long felt demand for a tool for properly cultivating orchards without injuring the roots led us to adapt the Cutaway harrow to Our orchard harrows will thoroughly pulverize the this purpose. ground to the depth required, subduing all weeds and trash and converting
it

into a

mulch that thoroughly protects the roots and retains

harrows
in six different styles for
is

the moisture.
of work.

We make

this class

The

24-inch Right Lap, reversible,

used very extensively

for this purpose, also the five and six foot harrows of the
viz.

"A"

series

"A-5" and "A-6" Reversible harrows. These harrows are made reversible so they will throw the soil either away from or toward the tree. They are also fitted with Extension Head, when desired, for For the cultivation the purpose of cultivating under limbs of trees.

of the smaller varieties such as orange groves, berry fields, etc.,

we

recommend
illustrated.

the Grove harrow, or

Market Gardeners' harrow, as here

The
which
ing
is

first

cut shows the 24-inch Right

little

Lap Cutaway,

reversible,

a fine

tool for orchard work.

The second cut shows the A-6 Cutaway, harrow set for cultivataway from the tree. The third cut shows the A-6 Cutaway harrow set for cultivating
tree.

towards the

The fourth cut shows the A-6 Cutaway harrow with Extension Head for cultivating under limbs of trees. The fifth cut shows the one-horse Grove harrow. The sixth cut shows the two-horse Grove harrow.
These last two harrows are used very extensively for market garden and truck farming culture.

The

24 inch Right

Lap Cutaway Reversible.

Laps we desire to call your much greater scope of the disks and the greater working angle. The regular harrow disks work the soil about six inches wide, and while the Right Lap much more thoroughly pulattention to
is

One very

essential point in Right

the

verizes to the width of about nine inches; practically the right hand gang does double work of the regular harrow. Always "be particulor to

weight

left

hand gang as per directions.

The A-6

Reversible or Fruit Growers' and

Orchard Harrow.

HARROW
The
led us to

SET FOR CULTIVATING

AWAY FROM THE

this use.

TREE.

great

demand for a good tool adapt the Cutaway Harrow to 6-foot Reversible

for cultivating orchards has

Harrow.

CULTIVATING TOWARD THE TREE. No fruit grower can afford to be without this tool, and we cheerfully refer any parties desiring this harrow to Messrs. G. & T. H. Hale, of South Glastonbury, Conn., who are among largest and most successful peach growers in this country. their testimonial on another page.

can

H.
the

See

Reversible with Extension Head.

One Horse Market Garden

or Grove Harrow.

Two Horse

Market Garden or Grove Harrow.

The Best Method

of

Growing Corn.

BY JOHN GOULD.
It is now being thoroughly demonstrated and this year of drouth as never before, that the corn plant is the dairyman's chief reliance in the matter of the chief ruffage rations for his animals, and more, in no other way can so much given food material of the starchy elements be secured, and so cheaply; as from the "giant grass" known as corn. More, the stations in their feeding trials, one and all, put the corn plant in the front rank of local foods either as stover, fodder, silage, or the plant cut green from the field, as the

growth.

main part of the rations either for the making of milk, beef or This almost change of front in the past five years, has
called attention to the merits of corn in
its

various forms as grain, or the largest returns

fodder, as never before, and

its

culture, too get

from a given amount of land firtihty, and labor, is commanding the talent, skill, and investigation of a large number of the foremost investigators of this country, and what is all the more gratifying, is the
are thinking along these lines of investiand at our agricultural meetings, farmers by the score are in an almost scientific way, practical certainly telling how they raise the corn plant, and how they feed, and demonstrate with figures and with results, that corn is their great anchor of hope in the cheapened cost of farm produce. At the start it must be accepted that the corn plant is a sort of e., getting its best food of support from the "canibal" among plants, decaying remains of another plant, reveling in high heat, and the unshadowed sunshine, and in its culture these things must be born in mind and the habits of the plant humored, so to speak. In all of the eastern, middle and most of the northern states, corn is almost wholly grown for the farm feeding, and not as in the west and northSo in what we may say here, will apwest, for commercial purposes. ply to the smaller corn grower, the man who needs the feed, and needs to raise it with as little labor and outlay as possible, and yet have a full maximum yield, aud not so much to the man who raises the plant to get the ear, and regards the stalks as so much trash, and which he would be profoundly grateful to see in the bottom of the
fact that so

many farmers

gatmg

for themselves,

i.

sea. as

soon as the corn was husked.

14

Sod land seems in the designated states, to be the natural feeding place for the growing corn. Not only is its best growth secured, bnt for the reason that this food is what it wants but the decaying sod is in its fermenting, making the land actually warmer,
giving nearer tropical conditions, but at the same time if the corn is properly planted so that the sunshine can get at the stalk from root
in nature's laboratory for the recdmposition of food elements into corn plant elements more complete, but the mechanical conditions can be improved at the same time, and it is here

to tassle not only

that the farmer

must

plan,

if

he would get the greatest returns from

the least expenditure of labor and material.

It is now accepted that the greatest amount of the culture needed on corn can be best performed in the preparation of the seed bed, and doing as little afterwards as possible consistent with clean culture, but the man must understand that he will best succeed in devoting his labor, not in cultivating the corn, but in weed killing, and keeping a dust blanket on the surface to hold soil moisture from escaping. To do this, it is not necessary to kill the corn with the

weeds.
there

As

to the preparation of the soil,

fall

it

is

becoming

to

be reif

cognized that late

is

plowing

of the

sod

is

best from

the fact

amount of vegetable matter on the surface, it makes a division between the furrow slice and the subsoil and in the case of a drouth after spring plowing this mass does not decay, and makes it impossible for the moisture from below to pass up into the
a great

upper surface and the sod dries out and the plant burns out, for to perfect the corn plant, it must take up from the soil, and evaporate from its leaves, three hundred pounds of water per each one pound If the season is of full rain of dry matter contained in the plant. fall, there will be no such loss in growth. If corn is to be planted on old ground especially corn after corn, the field is best fertilized

by applying the manure broadcast through the winter direct from it become incorporated in the soil, by rains, and the repeated freezings and thawings of spring. On fields manured in the winter, and those fertilized in April, we could see this season where every load of the winter-spread manure was put, by the better growth of the corn, and its earing, indicating that nothing was lost, but much gained by the spreading of manure on the snow. It is well to plow, and well harrow the land if possible, two weeks or more before planting and then work the land down fine to the bottom of the furrow by the use of the Cut-a-wa^s and rollers, so that the corn can be planted in soil fine enough for wheat, then do another day's harrowing and rolling. There is no use in disturbthe stables, and let
half in depth.

ing the soil after this in after cultivation to exceed an inch and oneCorn on well prepared land is never benefitted by

IS

cultivation direct.

What

is

needed, and no more,

is

to kill weeds,,

and conserve soil mixture. Hard crusted soil is supposed to part much more readily with its moisture than land that has a well worked dust mulch to prevent this. Weeds hurt corn more by robbing it of needed moisture and soil shading, than in stealing fertility. Weeds are more easily killed by some form of rapid surface stirring of the
soil,

just
for

as

calls

large

they are germinating, than by later uprooting, which displacement of the soil, and at the same time

severs corn roots by the million.

Before planting, harrow and even roll the land into a smooth seed bed, and plant the corn 2}4 inches deep in drills, dropping a kernel each foot for field corn and once in six inches for silage. With our improved machines, no one gets pay for rowing corn two ways If the corn is down two inches, and this rolling done just after planting

in

preference to before, the light harrows

will

not disturb the

it

is coming up, and once later on kills about all the germinating weeds. Then the Breed's weeder follows in order, but should heavy rains come and crust the soil, go through the field with the cultivators cutting as shallow as possible, and then follow with the weeder again, and the corn is about cared for, so far as weed-killing is concerned. Deep culture of corn was invented for two purposes, one to bring up fresh supplies of weed seed to germinate and make more work, seed which would have never troubled if left undisturbed by shallow culture, and to cut off corn roots to lessen the yield of corn and stalk, for nature must repair damages and this is at the expense of stalk growth, and often yield. There is no authentic experiment made public east of the Mississippi river that has not shown a loss in deep culture of from three per cent, in the most favorable year, to over thirty per cent., and this is a loss too great to be borne, when a little judgment, well applied, Plant the rows in straight lines, all equi-distant, so would prevent. that a wide, full width cultivator can be used, and the soil stirred up to the very hills, without the necessity of having to turn up a furrow Rig the cultivator with a wheel in front so that the to cover weeds. front shovels will cut only an inch and one-half deep. Bolt to the rear shovels, and behind them, a narrow thin board three inches

corn, and by dragging after planting, then just as

shorter than the width of the rows, so as to be exactly crosswise of them, and the most perfect corn cultivator is secured, doing fully the work of three with open shovels, and economizing the work that much. Every weed is uprooted and buried, and right up to the hills, and the land is left level, and a fine dust mulch covers the soil, and no both ways culture is needed. With the use of the wide sweep harrows, and Breed's weeders at the start, doing an acre in half an

i6

weeds are killed as fast as they germinate, the land cannot and with three after cultures with the cultivator, the field is one for a good crop. This year an account of the time devoted to We had ideal to the cultivation of our corn crop per acre was kept. culture, acres with no weeds, or foxtail grass, and after the planting, less than six hours were used to the acre, and part of this crop was
hour,
crust,

on old land in corn the year previous, and for field corn on old pasture sod nothing near this amount of time was consumed. For the past six years this has been our practice in the culture of our corn, both for the silo, and the crib, and it seems to us to be the

most economical method and brings the largest results for the outlay. This year was the dryest ever known in Ohio, and with this plan of culture and fertilizing no commercial manure used we secured the heaviest stand of silage corn both in stalk and ear ever harvested on the farm, and the field corn despite cutworms, drouth, and a frost,

came out

the corn at

good plan to sow rye in soil something to do after corn cutting, and protect the land from washing and leaching. Crimson clover in more southern latitudes will no doubt be better. To sum up, have land rich m decaying humus, and good fertility, plow not too deep, work it down to a garden bed for tilth, plant in drills, work with rapid, wide running harrows and weeders, then
a final fair crop.

We

think

it

the last working, and give the

with a bar cultivator

cultivate shallow, kill weeds, not corn, be in season to do corn work, and nothing save an invading army can work
;

a total destruction of a corn crop.

Corn Tools.
There
the
-'A-C"
is

no tool that

will so successfully

regular Cutaway harrow.

We

illustrate

prepare a corn field as the simply two styles here, viz.

Cutaway, wood frame, and the ''A-S" Cutaway, steel This harrow is made in all sizes of this pattern from six feet It is a general purpose harrow and there is no to sixteen feet cut. tool that will so thoroughly prepare the ground for any seed as Clark's Cutaway. For listed corn we have adapted our regular A-6 Reversible harrow which is shown in the article following the cultivation of
frame.

two cuts of the A-6 Reversible harrow show the which we number 3 and 4 show the last two methods of preparing listed corn. We annex a few testimonials on the listing harrow which fully explain its merits.
orchards.
first

The

first

operation, the following two cuts

I?

The "A"

Series

Cutaway Harrow.

A
Width

6.

of Cut, six feet.

The above cut represents Clark's Cutaway Harrow with weight boxes and clod breakers. The Cutaway Harrow will thoroughly cut and pulverize the soil to the depth of four or more inches.
It is

a Dandy.

Our

New

Steel Frame.

A
W^e make three

8,

8-foot.

sizes, 6, 7

and
new

8-foot.

steel frame Cutaway. We call your special This is the strongest and most durable harrow ever yet put upon the market. The above cut represents the A-8, eight foot cut.

attention to our

A-6 Listing Harrow.

This Harrow has been thoroughly tested in the listed corn fields of Kansas the past season, and has proved to be the only perfect tool for cultivating listed corn. From the reports of all using it, it has no equal as a pulverizer and exterminator of weeds and volunteer wheat on lands followed by wheat (wheat being the worst weed in wheat) it
proves to be a most efficient tool, and, in fact, the most effective of pulverizers, always performing double work. It is not liable to clog, being higher and more roomy. It throws the soil either toward or
last season where this harrow was used during the severe drouth, report that it saved them their corn crop. One party reports that he got twenty bushels increase per acre from the use of this harrow, and in many places it saved the corn crop. In fields where the harrow was used, the corn was of a healthy, dark

away from the crop. Reports from Kansas

green growth, when in neighboring fields it withered up. By the use harrow, during the severest drouth, the ground was kept thoroughly pulverized and moist, and continued the growth of the
of this

corn, destroying all weeds.

Cut No. 3 represents the harrow changed to a cultivator, and in form is used for the first cultivation of corn. To change the gangs from cut No. i and 2, as shown in cut No. 3, take the nut off from the outer end of each axle and draw out the shafts, then take
this
off both the outer and inner end disks. Next put on the large disks, replacing four of the 16-inch disks and spools in regular order. Be very

particular that the nuts

will

and washers are

set up tight

and hard so

all

be firm.

The Cultivator as thus set can be run at any desired width at center from two to sixteen inches, running as close or far away from the corn as desired, and at any desired angle.
Cut No. 4 represents the cultivator set for cultivating towards is changed from the Listing Cultivator, as follows. The short shafts are used as shown in cut No. 3, generally with four disks to a gang. The first disk on the inner end is left off and the large disk is put on in the second place, but if the large disks throw too much dirt you can use four or five 16-inch disks on the gangs as desired. In all cases after the disks have been adjusted
the corn, and

gang shaft nuts must be screwed down firm and solid to prevent disks from getting loose. The amount of earth moved in each condition is determined largely by the adjustment or angle of
the the gangs.

The

cultivator

will

cultivate corn

from three to three and onecrop.

half feet high.

The

disks can be

so arranged on these cultivators

that they will do excellent

work on any sowed

19

A-6 Listing Harrow.

The cut No, 3 represents the harrow changed to a cultivator, and in this form is used for the first cultivation of corn. To change the gangs from cut No. r and 2, as shown in cut No. 3, take the nut off from the outer end of each axle and draw out the shafts, then take off both the outer and inner end disks, replacing four of the 16-inch disks and spools in regular order. Be very particular that the nuts and washers are set up tight and hard so all will be firm. The Cultivator as thus set can be run at any desired width at center from '.two'to sixteen inches, running as close or far away from corn as desired, and at any desired angle.

This cut shows the Harrow

set for last operation.

cut No. 4 represents the cultivator set for cultivating towards the corn, and is changed from the Listing Cultivator, as follows. The short shafts are used as shown in cut No. ^, generally with four disks to a gang. The first disk on the inner end is left off and the large disk is put on in the second place, but if the large disks throw too much dirt you can use four or five 16-inch disks on the gangs as desired. In all cases after a disk has been adjusted the gang shaft nuts must be screwed down firm and solid to prevent disks from gettmg loose. The amount of earth moved in each condition is determined largely by the adjustment or angle of the gangs. j- , ^.^ The cultivator will cultivate corn from three to three ond one-half feet high. 1 he disks can be so arranged on these cultivators that they will do excellent work on any sowed crop.

The

36 inch Right

Lap Cutaway.

Laps we desire to call your much greater scope of the disks and the greater working angle. The regular harrow disks work the soil about six inches wide, while the Right Lap much more thoroughly pulverizes

One very

essential point in Right

attention to

is

the

to the width of about nine inches; practically the right

does double work of the regular harrow gang. lar to weight left hand gang as per directions.

hand gang Always be particu-

The Right Lap Cutaway.

The Right Lap Cutaway is made in three sizes, the 24-inch being reversible; the 36 and 48-inch are not reversible. All of the Right Laps will do more work than any plow in breaking up all
all trash, weeds and stubble to a fine mulch and pulverizing the soil thororoughly to a depth of from four to six inches, and 36 and 48 inches wide respectively. No dead furrows or center ridges, the ground being left in a most perfect condition for cultivating, each furrow lappino- the Experience shows that the lap furrow aerates and puts the other.

stubble or old land, cutting

soil in

better shape that the

flat.

Facts on Tillage.
BY
It is useless for the
F.

H.

DOW.

farmer to attempt to grow profitable crops without thorough preparation of the soil. The field must be plowed in a workmanlike manner and well pulverized with a good harrow. I have never found a more satisfactory implement for this purpose than the "CUTAWAY." My favorite method of growing corn is to

break up a piece of sod in autumn and spread on manure during the autumn and winter. In the spring give it a thorough harrowing with the "CUTAWAY," which cuts and pulverizes the manure, no matter how strawy it may be, and mixes it with the soil admirably without clogging. Ground fitted in this way will bring a pleasing growth and yield of corn if the season is at all favorable and the crop has been properly taken care of afterwards. It may nearly all be done with the horse and cultivator, too. A large crop of potatoes

may

also be harvested by pursuing the

the potatoes

are

dug a crop
it in.

of rye can be
it

simply harrowing

If preferred,
soil.

same method; and after grown very cheaply by may be plowed under in the
little.

spring, thus enriching the

harrow, very

with using the sweetening her pies, who said she put in all the sugar she could afford, then shut her Harrow what you think the soil eyes and put in as much more. needs, then harrow it some more until the soil is very fine and melThorough culture, with a little manure, is low; the finer the better. far better than a large amount of manure and a poorly prepared soil. F. H. Dow. West Caton, N. Y., Aug. 19, '95.
It is

Many

farmers use the harrow too

much

the

same as with the old lady

in

For the preparation of corn stalk land for the purpose of seeding to wheat, rye, barley and oats there is no tool that can surpass These "Right Laps" break up the Right Lap Cutaway, reversible. all stubble land, cut all trash and stubble to a fine mulch and pulverize the soil most thoroughly to a depth of from four to six inches and from 24 to 48 inches wide. No dead furrows, every furrow being No center ridges, the whole field being left alike all over the field. The Right Lap will do more work than any plow smooth and level. in breaking up stubble or old land, and experience has shown that the lap furrow much more thoroughly aerates the soil than the flat We desire to call your attention to the much greater scope of furrow. the disks in the Right Lap, doing nearly double the work of the regWe also fit the 36 and 48 inch Right Laps with an ular harrow disk. absolute force feed seeder. This is no experiment, but is the best Read what one of our leading force feed ever put upon the market. We agriculturists says pertaining to the work of the Right Lap. here cut of the 36 with and without seeder. The work of plowshow We ask your ing, harrowing and seeding is done at one operation.
careful attention to these tools.

Always Weight the Straight Disk Gang with a Bag of Sand.

Clark's 36-inch Right

Lap Cutaway with Force Feed Seeder.

fitted

The
feed
drill

36

and 48 inch Right Laps are

is

with a force feed

seeder that

absolute for seeding

all

kinds

of grain.

This force

do better work than the majority of the seed drills now in use. They have been thoroughly tested in all sections of the country and for sowing all kinds of grain have no equal.
will

Read What One of Our Leading Agriculturists Says.

I have finished this p. m. putting in ten acres of buckwheat with your Right Lap Cutaway, for the purpose of turning under this fall, and to say that I am pleased with it is-faint praise. We drew the oats off the field and the next day began putting in the wheat on the oat

stubble.

threw the wheat on the stubble, following with the Right that even on our clay soil that with once going over with the lever in the second notch it cut a furrow four inches deep and all that was needed to complete the job was to go over the field with a roller and the buckwheat was as slick as grease. This morning we put in half an acre of peas with it on black, mucky soil. We could easily plow six inches deep. It is a great tool.
first

We

Lap Cutaway, and found

P. S.

The buckwheat was

is is

all

up

in

fine

order within eighty-six

be-

hours from sowing.

This Right Lap Cutaway

ing reversible,

also adapted for general work;

it

the best cultivator ever put out for orchard work.

Every Cutaway Warranted.

23

Preparation of the Ground for Potatoes.

BY
T. B.

TERRY.

In this latitude (Northern Ohio) a two year old red clover sod gives the best foundation for a good crop of potatoes. Again, the fertility is obtained in this way cheaply. Of course, the soil should

be well drained, either naturally or with tiles. manured heavily for corn and then sown to plowed under in the spring for potatoes, is Avoid using fresh manure, or better yet, any
land for potatoes.

Clover or other sod

rye in the
a
fall,

to be

good preparation.
manure, directly on Apply the manure

The crop

likes

old

fertility.

If you must apply directly let it be done the fall before, at least. An excellent rotation for early potatoes is clover, potatoes and wheat. We have followed this three year rotation for many years.

to the clover, or the corn as above.

Potatoes do best, particularly in a dry season, in a deep soil. have practiced gradually increasing the depth of ours for many years by plowing the clover sod half an inch or so deeper every three years, when it is broken up. Thus we bring up a little fresh subsoil to be submitted to action of sun and frost and be worked into soil. We now plow eight to ten inches deep. We always use a wheel and jointer on the plow. The wheel makes uniform work and the jointer, or little plow, in advance completely buries all rubbish and sod. The plowing should be thoroughly done. Don't use an old plow point that won't keep right down exactly where you want it to. Don't skip an inch of land. Get every stump and stone out of the way if practicable (we have done this) and every tree too. The surface Don't turn furrows over flat. Turn a lap furrow. Don't plow too fertility is then distributed through the soil more. Wait till the soil is dry. Don't harrow when wet, or even early. moist if you can help it, if soil is at all clayey. The yield of when

We

many

a crop

is

injured seriously before the seed

soil.

is

planted.

Potatoes

want the ground packed, as wheat does. We are exceedingly particular on our farm to keep off our potato land when it is not quite dry. Everywhere that a horse steps when plowing or harrowing moist soil on ordinary land (not sandy), a compact ball of earth will be formed beneath that can hardly be penetrated by roots. The mould board, land side and even bottom of plow pack the ground, if wet, which is just what should not be done. Some one asked me why I did not have cleaners on my Cutaway harrow once. I replied that when soil was moist enough so they were needed a man better go fishing than be at work on his land. If there are low places that would bother when rest of That is the field is dry enough, why drain them so all will be alike.
like a loose

mellow

They

don't

way we have done and

it is

business too.

24

Now your plowing is done, not turning furrows over flat but What nice leaving them up loose, just a little more than well over. shape the field is in for harrowing. Under these conditions the first
harrow used may be a smoothing harrow with a large number of small teeth slanting backwards. This harrowing should be done daily, or oftener, as the plowing progresses (with harrow weighted), so as to prevent the soil from drying out. It should always be the same way the field was plowed so as to smooth the furrows over, not tear them up. I speak of the smoothing harrow for this use because
answers well for this purpose and then it is necessary after the is done to go over the field with three or four times before the crop comes up. Thus all weeds are kept down and the soil made very fine. But now on most soils this is not enough tillage. It will pay
it

planting

wonderfully well to put more work on the land. What tools do we need? Just two and no more. I say this after long experience. After using the smoothing harrow I would rather like to have a heavy rain. Then when soil gets dry enough roll it down perhaps with

heavy roller. Then comes the proper time for the Cutaway harrow to do its best work. It is not the proper place to use it right after plowing. Let the earth become settled some. It is a digging harrow, not a smoothing harrow at all. It takes the place of cross plowing. There is but one proper way to run the original Cutaway harrow, that is back and forth, lapping half. With careful driving I can thus leave my soil practically level. What I throw one way in going down through field is thrown back when I return. On many fields it will pay to go lengthwise and crosswise lapping half each way, that is four times over all the field. I don't care how tough your sod is the "Cutaway"' will work up a seed bed if it can be done. We lately took up some old fences and plowed the terribly tough sod. Repeated working with "Cutaway" made us a fair seed bed on the worst place 1 ever saw, all roots and June grass sod, as it would seem, before we harrowed it. A plain disk harrow in such a place would be of no use.

mellow soil there is not so much difference between the two implements, of course, but under all circumstances I prefer the "Cutaway" as I have long said. For years we had both and used them side by side, and as a result we laid aside the disk and got a second "Cutaway." It digs deeper and does more work, on
light,

On

work

of the

my

farm, with less power, that is all there is of it. And I want it understood that the manufacturers of this tool have never asked me to say this in this article. It is what I have preached in the Practical Farmer of Philadelphia, for years, and in books written on the subject of Potato Culture, etc. It comes from long experience. There

25
is

no digging harrow on earth that equals the Cutaway in my estiAfter using this tool freely smooth down with some smoothing harrow, and roll, and you are ready for planting. If your
mation.

field is ridged at all by use of Cutaway (a disk harrow will ridge it more) from careless driving or from not lapping half and going back and forth, a clod crusher made of say six 4 by 4 inch scantling about 8 feet long will level it nicely. These .should be placed side by side with a corner of each one down and holes bored and two iron rods put through to hold them. Get on and ride and this will level your field nicely. In our rotation after the potatoes are dug we depend almost entirely on the Cutaway to dig up the surface ready for wheat sowing without plowing. This fall we will try the Cutaway Revolving Plow or Harrow that throws all one way, for this purpose. Perhaps this will take the place of the old style and we can go around a field lapping half instead of back and forth as we now do.

T. B. Terry.

Hudson, Ohio, September For potato

fine

7,

1895.

culture,

article

written by

"Cutaway" into his adapted for this work are the regular "A"
as illustrated.

is hardly necessary for us to add to the Mr. Terry, so nicely has he woven the work. We can simply say that the tools best it

series of

Cutaway harrows,

It is

a Dandy.

Our

New

Steel Frame.

8,

8-foot.

6, 7 and 8-foot. our new steel frame Cutaway. We call your special attention to This is the strongest and most durable harrow ever yet put upon the

We

make

three sizes,

market.

The above

cut represents the A-8, eight foot cut.

26

How
Moist land
is

to

Grow

Grass.

BY GEORGE M. CLARK.
best for
grass;

swamp

lands,

when

properly-

not underdrain them until first tried bygrading. If they contain too much muck, sand should be mixed with the surface. Twice as much grass can be grown on the wet as on the dry lands, say five tons per acre on the moist and two and
graded, prove the best.

Do

one-half tons per acre on

crop.

the

dry lands would be a good average

results,

Timothy and Red Top mixed give the best

ture well together, and will stand

they ma-

In reseven years. the new seeding, all old grasses must be killed out before sowing To continue a grass crop only two or three months is alseed. lowed to destroy the old sod and re-seed. To do that work the

from

six to

have found are made by the Cutaway Harrow Company, and known as their "Cutaway" plows and harrows. With the aid of these machines all the old sod can be enIf tirely destroyed and the new seed sown in less than sixty days. we do not fully destroy all the old grasses they return and destroy
only class of tools which
I

the young grasses.

The

old grass

must be

killed before planting

new.

The Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow, the Right Lap Cutaway and the Cutaway Harrow, all made by the Cutaway Harrow Company, will kill and destroy the toughest sod. They also make a Smoothing Harrow, the best on the market to grade grass fields, trotting parks, or any land; all cheap, durable and effective. Since the 15th of July with one each of the above mentioned tools I have subdued ten acres of my toughest grass land. I first cut it up with the Gang plow, then with the Right Lap Cutaway, and again with the Cutaway Harrow, after which with their Smoothing Harrow I graded and harrowed in the grass seed; all was finished on September 7th, in less than fifty days the old grass had been entirely killed.
I sow fourteen quarts each of re-cleaned Timothy and Red Top upon each acre. This ten-acre field is a part of a sixteen-acre lot which I have had down to grass for five, six and seven years. The

total first crop in the last four years of well-dried

hay has been over

two hundred and forty-six tons.

has yielded over six tons each year.
ten just re-seeded, and from which
six tons

My
I

best acre of
is

swamp bottom

That acre
truly,

a portion of the

expect to get nearly or quite

next year.
i,

Yours
1895,

George M. Clark,
Higganum, Conn., September

Grass.
Prof. Roberts, of Cornell University,
at a recent
in

the "There are three golden very soon find that, first, the land suffers, and chain be broken you next the people suffer. These links are implied in this statement: We raise a plant to feed an animal, to make fertility, to raise another plant to feed another animal to make more fertility." This embraces
tute said:
links

agriculture,

Farmers and

Instiif

all

there

is

of

permanently successful agriculture.but there are innumerin this

able particulars embraced

The plants law that are not stated. the product of the soil must as well as the animals must be fed, and pay a tax to the farmer whose head directs and whose hands perform This theory cannot be carried the labor involved in the operation.
out without grass, which must ever be the sheet anchor of successful farming, and the true meadow g'-asses are large consumers and small

producers of nitrogen
growth.

an

element necessary to their succe tsfu

This nitrogen must be supplied or the grass will deteriorate. Nitrogen exists abundantly in the air, but sparingly in the soil. A But the best perennial grasses pasture should improve with age. All the substance taken deteriorate or die out unless aided. will
off,

taken from the

another.

whether crops, meat, wool, milk or butter, are mostly that much The place of these must be supplied one way or soil.

One way is to purchase nitrogeneous fertilizers, or make them elsewhere than on the pastuie land; another way is to tear up
the grass sod, cutting the old hardened roots, and causing
ers
to

new

feed-

search of plant food, and scatter in clover (the crimson seems the best in most of the Southwest) or, if there are places where the grass is weak, a few cow peas will gather nitrogen

put out

in

from the atmosphere and distribute

ennial grasses will

it

where

it

is

most needed.

Per-

because these roots no longer feed the plant.

become weak if the roots are left undisturbed, become hard, like heart wood in a tree, and can
Tearing these roots up new ones
will

grow and the grass take on a new lease of life. In Europe a harrow made of sharp cutting teeth is used for this purpose, and every two or three years the grass is gone over with this implement and
is preserved for ten or twenty years, or longer, There can be no permanent agricultural prosperity without grass, hence the best manner of producing and preserving it thought. This requires that nitrogen be supplied, it is worthy of either by direct application, or by growing with the grass such plants as have the power to gather it from the great fountain the atmos-

the grass thus treated

in perfect vigor.

phere.

The Cutaway "Right Lap"

will

do more than the English Sharp

fields.

Cutting Tooth harrow for contining grass

Clark's

Cutaway Smoothing and Leveling Harrow

which Mr. George The two cuts illustrate Clark's Smoothing and Leveling harrow Clark used in the preparation of his grass field. M.

One^'Horse, 6 foot cut. every field can be made as smooth as a floor and the soil pulverized bed. fine enough for a flower bed, makes a mo?t perfect onion This harrow is also a great road maker. One man with a horse can make a perIt is adjustable with a lever by which the entire action fect trotting track of any road. the earth possible for the team is controlled by the driver and he can remove at will all level up the to haul, taking it from hills or uneven places and putting it into hollows to

With

this tool

field.

Made

in

two

sizes;

one horse,

6-ft;

two horse,

8-ft.

Two
The
tools

Horse,

8 foot cut.

which Mr. Clark mostly used in the preparation of his celebrated grass First, the Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow which we herewith describe. fields are, viz. Also it is our pleasure to show a cut produced from a photograph taken in a field by Mr. C. E. Swenson, Nourse, Texas. This illustration shows what the plow will do in We call your a field of wild sunflowers ranging from eight to twelve feet in height.
special attention to our full description of these plows. The next tool was the regular Cutaway harrow, which we have fully described in a For finishing and smoothing the ground Mr. Clark used the celeprevious article. With this tool every field can be brated Cutaway Smoothing and Leveling harrow.
floor and the soil made fine enough for a flower bed; there is no produce so perfect a seed bed as this smoothing and leveling harrow. This machine is also a great road builder. With it one man with one horse can make a perfect trotting track of any road. As you will notice by cut, it is adjustable with a lever by which the entire action is controlled by the driver, who will remove at will all the earth possible for a team to haul, taking it from hills and uneven places and putting it into hollows and leveling up the field.

made

as

smooth as a

tool that will

31

Clark's
BY

Cutaway Revolving Plow

C.
E.

SWENSON, NOURSE, TEXAS.

The most simple, effective, useful, durable and labor-Saving Tool of the kind made. Plows from 32 to 40 inches wide (according to size) and from 3 to 6 inches deep with 4 horses. The cuts on followmg pages are of 32 inch Plow at work in a patch of sunflowers, rag weeds and artichokes much taller than the team and as thick as they could go through, plowing nearly 6 inches deep with 4 horses.
understand the wonderful simplicity and effectiveness cuts and the principle on which it works. In appearance it resembles a harrow but the gangs are connected in center by ball and socket joint and you will notice that the left hand gang has 7?a;/ (not curved) notched disks and are set straight or at
will

You

of the

Plow by these

and acts as coulters and landground/^;- and resisting the pressure of the plows or right gang which has curved cutaway disks and which can be angled by a lever in front as much or little as desired or necessary. The steel spring mould boards comes down just behind each one of the disks on right gang and helps' to completely turn the furrows and level the land. The weight necessary for the kind of land or depth of work to be done you will notice is placed on left gang only to make coulters go down about as deep as you wish to plow them next time around the right gang or plows will have no trouble to go into the ground. This Plow will do as much and better work than two sulkey or mouldboard plows for the simple reason it will cut the stalks or trash and mix thoroughly /;/ and pulverize the ground as no mouldboard plow can do: in fact, it does the work of a stalk-cutter, harrow and plow and remember at one going over the land besides taking only 4 horses and i man instead of a horse and 2 men to do your plowing in same time, saying nothing about the extra time and cost it takes to cut the stalks and harrowing the ground to get it in same fix by
is

right angles with the pole and

bars, cutting
trash,

rigid

cracking and

pulverizing the

the old method.

Solid disk plow or harrow can compare with the Cutaway either for plowing or harrowing or lightness of draft in hard ground because a solid disk cannot penetrate the ground as easily as the

No

All farmers know by experience hard tough ground with a shovel as a grubbing hoe as with a pick, and of course the good between the solid disk and the Cutaway. the kind which is as useful, simple, durable

Cutaway Disk.
as easily in

that they cannot dig

with a spade or with

Clark's

Cutaway Revolving Plow and

agree with

same principle holds I know of no tool of and labor-saving as think all who have bought
in

one

will

me on

this

because there are several tools

one,

32

'f

ilM'ti

liwilPi

*^^

namely a Plow, Harrow, Stalk-Cutter and also a Drill if latest improved seeder is attached or bought with it, for it is strictly a force feed and drops the grain to the bottom of the furrows just behind
each of the right hand disks and is covered at same time and in rows 8 inches apart, same as a regular drill only the land is left level
instead of in
true,

small

furrows.

Now

Farmers,

if

all

of the

is

not this Plow

worthy of your investigation?

Is there

above is any
imple-

sensible farmer that will invest a big

sum

of

money
it

in several

ments to stand around

ing nothing about
the

(as

is

generally the case) to rust and rot, say-

extra time

and cost

takes to operate and

keep them

in

repair

when he knows he can

get One that will do the

above mentioned and that at one operation ? mention some of the most necessary things it will do to show you it is the most labor-saving and useful tool you can buy. Of course you know about the amount of time and work and cost it
of all
will
I

work

takes to put in a crop as before, and the shape in which

land, but, with one of these plows

it

leaves the

and the latest seeder attached, all you have to do (if you want to sow wheat in corn land for instance) is to hitch your horses and put wheat in seeder and plow across the rows and it will cut your stalks and turn them under so they won't be in your way at harvest, and pulverize and level your land and drill your wheat or grain in at same time, and at the rate of from 4 to 6 or more acres a day accordingto speed of team and the time you put in.
In cotton land
little, if
it will do the same, so you won't be bothered but very any, in either harvest or threshing. In the spring when put-

33

ting in oats, millet, sorghum, etc., and especially in weedy ground you would have to either pulverize or plow and then drill in to keep weeds from taking crop, but with Clark's Revolving Plow you do it all at once and in the shortest possible time and with by far the least

expense.

then for planting potatoes, etc.,' it is opens up and covers at same time and leaves the land in the finest shape, and you can have the rows any distance you wish apart by taking up disks. I attached a corn planter to a 40 in. plow (making rows 3 ft. 4 in. apart) and used it for planting nearly all my corn this spring, and I cannot see but what it is just as good or even better than any other method because all done at one stroke, namely: plowing, pulverizing, opening up, planting and covering and with only one man. The only trouble being at ends and that did not amount to much, only taking
If

you

like level cultivation,

it

very handy for

little

more room

in turning.

When

first

row

is

laid off straight

it is

no trouble to keep balance straight. I had less trouble to keep that corn clean than any other because it gave the ground such a rough working while planting that the weeds could not get much chance. All farmers know (or ought to know)
that the

more and better working they give

their land just before

and more

while planting the less trouble they will

thrifty the crop.
if

have afterwards, and the

small hand

Justafter harvest
stocks (which
is

the grain

is

put in rows and

a

in

by

far

the best way anyhow)

man can

get over his

34

hurry with the Cutaway Plow, and there is nothing that can compare with it, and then as a general thing the land plows better that time of the year than any other, and by attaching, hitching to or
Liiid in a

following with a cotton planter a

man can

plant this land in cotton at

same time with very little if any extra trouble or expense, besides seed it and it is surer to make a crop after the Cutaway Plow than any other tool because it pulverizes the ground so perfectly that it will retain the moisture. Now if the cotton makes anything, and price of same justifies to pick it before stalks or even leaves are dry if possible, good and well, if not, the same; attach seeder (if you wish
to put in grain) and plow across the

rows,

and turn under the green

cotton, drill in your wheat or grain at the

your land up instead of running it easily and cheaply too. Cotton is the next best thing to peas here in the back soil for renovating it. Now farmer friends some of the above may seem impossible and even ridiculous to you and some of you may even probably believe

same time and thus bring down and when it can be done so

and while you have no right blame you nor do I suppose I can help myself before farther acquaintance and because there are so many frauds in every line that a person must and naturally will, and probably from past experience learn to keep his eyes open and not bite at every bait that is put out for him, but this is not bait but the plain unavoidable tnctJi and hard sound facts.
to, still I

me

to be an unmitigated misrepresentor

do not wonder

at or

I am an experimental farmer myself and have tried nearly all the different kinds of implements intended for the ordinary crops and

kind of soil here and between and including plank drags and steam plows as well as hundreds of varieties of seeds, and of course it is not necessary for me to tell you I have found many frauds and often been a sucker too, and I honestly believe my experience has cost me enough and that I have had enough to know what I am talking about and will prove it to you if you will only give me a chance. Now if you mean business and will buy a plow, if as it is represented and there is none that you know of in your immediate locality,
write to

me and
what

say
it

so,

own

field

will

and I will bring one and show you in your do and you dont have to pay a cent until you

are satisfied.

Have you ever had anything fairer than this offered you ? Can you ask for anv more ? I tell you the plain truth, I will handle only a few implements and those of extra merit only. Clark's Revolving Plow is one
imple-

ment that will pay for itself in a short time both in the saving of labor and m bigger yield on account of the way it handles the dirt and because you can get over your ground when in the best shape and
in a hurry.

35

Don't be doubtful enough to keep from investigating about and buying a Cutaway Plow, for the time will surely come when you will
regret you did not buy. Don't take it for granted that
I claim it will plow or do anything only intended for land already in culti-

anywhere
vation.

for

it

will not,

and

is

It is not intended for breaking sod, or land that is too rocky, or land as hard as the public road or in mud holes, but land in shape that any good, honest, reasonable, sensible farmer would expect it to or

want
will

nothing yet out (that I am aware of) that it and that will give a farmer better satisfaction. Now in conclusion will simply say: Hoping that this will be the cause of giving Clark's Revolving Plow the investigation
it

worked.

There

is

equal or even compare with

and attention
fully yours.

it so justly deserves and assuring you that you will never regret the day you buy one, I beg to remain most respect-

36

An
A
Clark's

Entirely

New

Departure.
in

Complete Revolution

Plowing
2.

Cutaway Revolving Plow, Series

This Cut represents the 40-inch Cutaway Revolving

Gang

Plow.

The This plow is constructed in similar form to the harrow. left-hand gang is set rigid, at right angles with the pole, and constructed with flat-notched disks, and connected with the right-hand gang by means of a ball and socket joint.
The right-hand gang is constructed with curved Cutaway Disks, with steel mould boards in the rear. This gang is adjustable to different angles, and controlled by means of a rachet lever, thus regulating the depth of cut. The greater the angle the deeper the furrow. The
flat

disks serve as

coulters,

cutting the

ground

for the

curved disks, which follow in the same track the next time around, acting as plowshares, penetrating and lifting the earth, the steel spring mould boards completely turning the furrow, plowing and finishing a furrow of the width indicated by the size of the plow each time the field is crossed.

The mould-boards are so arranged that the driver can, by the use of a foot lever, secure them firmly or loosely, and by raising them, quickly free them from any entangling substance while the plow is in motion.
These plows are not intended for tough sod plowing, but they are an excellent stubble land and summer fallow plow; and wherever they can be used, they far excel any other plow in quality of work. In hard-baked adobe and clay lands an excellent seed bed can be made by overlapping. They require less than half the power of any other pattern of gang plow. Four horses can easily handle the 40-inch plow, and plow from six to ten acres per day. The)- are strong and durable. The wear and tear of the blades is not onefourth of what it is on ther kinds of plows.

Rotation
C.

for the
IN

Small Farmer.

PROF. W.

WELBORN,

SOUTHERN FARM GAZETTE.

A good deal of land in the South has been so run down that it cannot be cultivated profitably. This has been brought about, I think, more from washing due to continuous clean cultivation in cotton than from all other causes combined. Careless, shallow plowing up and down hill has facilitated this washing. It is well known to every farmer how rapidly yield decreases when the same crop follows itself year after year on the same land. It is well known, too, that crops resembling do not follow each other Either of these does to good advantage, as corn, oats, sorghum, etc.
remarkably well after cotton. In all the older agricultural countries there is a regular system of rotation practiced. That is, some four or five crops follow each other in regular succession. Land owners require this rotation of tenants. In England a common rotation is, first year, turnips; second year, barley; third and fourth years, clover; and fifth year, wheat. In the older states of the North clover is invariably grown two years in every five, the other three being devoted
to corn, wheat or oats.

In Germany or France, sugar, beets or potaevery rotation, but clover, or some like crop, is surely given to enrich the land for the other crops. The South ought to have a system of rotation. We can grow a
toes may be grown
in

greater variety of profitable crops than any other part of our country, and why waste our energies and our wealth of fertile soil in an unwise and wasteful course of cropping? The small farmers throughout the South generally raise cotton, in regular corn and oats. Why not let these crops follow each other rotation would be, first year cotton; second year, order? Then the The fourth year peas; third year, oats, followed by peas.

corn and

It is not at all probable that the the land would go back in cotton. Southern farmers will will soon come when a great majority of time a good corn not raise cotton. Under such a system as proposed, counted on after cotton. cheaply could always be

crop grown very oat The peas would enrich the land for the following oat crop. The vegetable matter and put it in and pea crop would fill the land with

good physical condition

for cotton again.

38

we can grow our regular feed and sale crops keep our land rich with the catchcrop, peas. Of course it is understood the farm would have to be divided into three There can be no parts so that each crop could be grown every year. doubt that had such a system been practiced in the South, the third of many farms in cotton would produce more than the whole now
So, in the South,

every year, and

does.

Every farmer can arrange for himself a rotation of the crops he grows, remembering to always grow a leguminous, or food-bearing
crop, as often as possible, to bring
air for

down

fertilizing

matter from the

succeeding crops.

In the black land, lime, and heavy clay sections of the South, In red clover succeeds admirably and could be used in a rotation. the sandy and loamy sections, great claims are made for the annual

crimson clover. Sowed the last working of corn or cotton it makes luxuriant growth in fall and winter, affording good winter grazing and completing its growth next spring in time for another regular crop. It will not succeed on heavy soils. For general use in rotation of crops you want the celebrated Right Lap Cutaway with Seeder and the A-4J4 Cutaway, Reversible. There has no tool ever yet been introduced into the cotton field
that has

made

so complete a revolution as the celebrated

illustrate.

A 4^

Cutaway Harrow, which we herewith

This tool has been
cotton
fields.

in successful operation

It is
it

with pleasure

some five years in the we annex the following testimonCutaway Harrow which has been
being a light 2-horse harrow.
desired.

ials telling

what

will do.

We
^^'e

also illustrate the

"A 5

"

used extensively in the south,

also

this

make

this reversible,

when

39

The A-4 One Horse Cutaway.

The "A"

Series

Cutaway Harrow.

Width

of Cut, five Jeet.

We make

all sizes

from four feet to sixteen

feet.

The A4>^
A

Reversible

Cutaway Harrow.

Great Tool for Harrowing and Cultivating.

Set

up

for

throwing the

soil

from the plant.

In this shape it can be used for barring off or 8 inches apart as desired. corn or cotton, cutting up the trash, clods, etc., thoroughly pulverizing the soil in the middle of rows, most efficient Cultivator used. making it the , . now use this harrow for putting in grain, preparing land for corn cotton, etc., bedding up the land, barring up the rows in first working, and then reversing as shown on other side, for throwing the soil from the plant. All for same price as the plain harrow sold for heretofore. For setting up the harrow in the above shape, place the gang bolts through holes in rear side of

Gangs can be placed,

4, 6

We

[ongue board and throw lever forward.

Reversible Cutaway Harrow.

Set up for bedding up Corn or Cotton land, or throwing the soil to the plant.

farmer can bed his land equally as good as going 4 times with ordinary plow, giving him the advantage of cutting up the stalks and trash, instead of having to pile and burn them, being worth at least Si. 50 to $2.00 per acre as a fertilizer, also adding humus to the soil. For setting up harrows in this shape, remove bolts in rear side of tongue board, wheel ^an-^'s around and place bolts in front holes of tongue board and throw lex^er backward.
it

With

in this shape, the

4J

TESTIMONIALS.
Gents:

Harrow. owned.
in fact, I

I I

Newburgh, Ala., Sept. 4, 1895. could write a whole book in praise of the Cutaway think it one of the grandest tools any farmer ever
I
it

cultivate corn, cotton, peas, water melons,

use

more

sorghum cane, or less in cultivating everything on the farm;

style,

put in

Tried alternating "lands" of oats put in and Cutaway harrow. Oats put in by latter were sown on stalks without being broken and were 10 to 15^ better and a week earlier. My corn I cultivated exclusively with harrow. Can cultivate seventy-five acres straight corn with a single
all

my

small grain.

with turn

plow, old

man and two

horses and can make more per acre, other things being equal, than any one-horse plow farmer on earth and do it easier.

hoe never has to follow a Cutaway harrow

in corn,
J.

except to thin.
C.

Yours

truly,

W.

Smith.

J. W. C. Smith, of Newburg, Ala., says, "any farmer that will not buy a Cutaway Harrow at the price does not want any improved farm tools. To say that I am well pleased with mine puts it very

mild.

acres corn,

put in 40 acres of clover, grass and oats, and cultivated 60 making 20 to 60 bushels to the acre and never put a plow

in the field after the

rows were

laid off.

Gents:

am
find

using your Cutaway

McRae, Ga. Aug. 3, 1894. Harrow to prepare first year's

new

land; also for sowing peas and grain and for preparing and bedit

ding land, and

uses.

the most perfect and needed help ever offered

respectfully,

the farmers in the shape of an agricultural implement for general

Yours very

Chas. D. Adams.

Eunice, Ga. farmer can afford to be without at least one Cutaway Harrow. I am well pleased with mine and would not take double what it cost if I could not get another. It is just the thing in
Gents:

No

turf land, especially wire grass lands.

Yours

truly,

J.

A. Williams.

Cochran, Ga.
Gents:

The Cutaway

Harrow does

excellent work,

is

a labor

saving land improver and a genuine cotton and corn stalk cutter; as It does all that is claimed for it and I am well as all other litter.

more than pleased. Yours truly,

Jarret Green.

4z

Eastman, Ga. Cutaway Harrow indispensable on my land I take for pulverizing and in many instances superceeding the plow. no hesitancy in recommending it to the farmers generally.
Gents:

find the

Yours respectfully,

Holt &

Son.

Eastman, Ga.
used the Cutaway Harrow for the purpose of preparing a piece of land I cleared, never had any other plow on it, and it thoroughly pulverized the soil, leaving it in nice condition for

Gentlemen:

any kind of seed.

Respectfully,

Rev.

J. C.

Carr.

Dublin, Ga. Gentlemen: The Cutaway Harrow is the best thing I ever saw to cut up corn and cotton stalks and at the same time break up land. It is a perfect success and I would not be without one. Yours truly, J. R. Stinson.

Gentlemen:

We

Covington, Ga.
used one of your Cutaway Harrows
in

Bur-

muda

turf last season for

twenty days, cutting

it all

to

pieces,

and

we could not plow the

Respectfully,

turf with a i-horse or a 2-horse plow.

Warren &
Scotland, Ga., Aug.

Harris.
22, '94.

using your Cutaway harrow and find it the best agricultural tool I have ever used. I find it the very thing for bedding up corn or cotton land for cultivating. I take pleasure in recommending it to the farmers, C. A\\ Stewart.
Gents:
I

am

Gents;

take pleasure

South Georgia the Clark's worth on a farm unless you have one. Yours truly,

Scotland, Ga., .Aug. 21, 1894. recommending to the farmers of Cutaway Harrow. You can't estimate its
in

Jno. D.

Stewart.
S. C.

have recently purchased one of your 2-horse twelve 16-inch disk, 6-foot Cutaway Harrows. I am much pleased with it and regard it one of the best implements a farmer can purchase. Yours truly, J. B. Humbert.
I

Gentlemen:

Princltux,

Gents:

We broke up (50) acres of wire grass land

Dublin, Ga. with a plow

and

left it so rough we could not make a crop on it the first year. purchased one of your Cutaway Harrows and find it better, if anything, than recommended. Yours truly, Galdwin Birch & Thos. Warren.

We

43

The New Model Dutton Mower

'

Knife Grinder.

most valuable improvement has been made

for holding the knife to the grinding wheel,

The pressure of the knife against the lower part of the knife section, where the least grinding is needed, and is gradually increased as the wheel is moved along the edge of the section towards its point.

in the means used when being ground. wheel is made less at the

"Keep the Knives Sharp."

the wear and strain, both on machine and team, are greatly increased, and the grass will be badly cut.
dull knife,

With a

A man, or even a boy, with this machine, knife perfectly, and with ease and rapidity.

can grind a mower

When a section is dulled or nicked by coming in contact with a stone, as often happens, it can be sharpened without grinding the other sections.

The Corundum Grinding Wheel

work well. It wears but little, and will last, according to the amount of work done, from three to five years, and probably longer. There is a large hole in the center of the wheel, made water tight by the flanges which clamp the wheel and hold it in position. When the machine is used this hole space is filled with water through
does
its

the side of one of its flanges; the hole is then plugged turning the wheel in grinding, the water is driven through its pore by centrifugal force, completely wetting its grmding surface, this prevents the temper of' the knife from being destroyed, which would be done if the wheel were used dry.

a small hole

in

up.

When

The Operator
while grinding a knife, stands facing the side of the wheel and over the knife clamp, this brings the grinding of the section directly under the eye. By means of a new improvement the grinder can be readily clamped to a pole or the rim of any wheel having a width of from 3
to

5%

inches.

Price, $5.00.

44
Clipper Whetsone which puts on the finishing touches. A mowing machine knife made sharp wiih these two tools will do nearly double the work that a dull machine
also illustrate the

We

celebrated

will.

The

Clipper Whetstone.
Price

Clark

Improved Root Cutter.

The above cut is represented as broken purpose of showing cutting apparatus.

Perfection attained in cutting roots.
simplest, cheapest

in

the frame for the

The

neatest,

strongest,

and most perfect root cutter in the market. This Cutter is built with a heavy oak frame, well bolted together; is staunch and strong, neatly finished, hansomely striped and ornamented. The cutting apparatus consists of steel knives (gouge shaped), so arranged on a wrought iron shaft that they are perfectly secure; no chance of becoming loose or breaking.

The

roots are neatly cut to pieces suitable for feeding.

left

No

coarse,

ungainly pieces are

five to forty
fail to

by

this Cutter.

A boy
it

can easily cut thirty-

bushels yer hour, so easily does

it.

do

its

work.

Don't

examine

Plow Testimonials.
Kansas,
III.,

Aug.

lo,

1895.

We

the undersigned have this day witnessed an exhibition of

Clark's 40 inch Revolving Plow on John T. Bennett's farm, in both

wheat and oats stubble land and must say

it

did beautiiul

work plow-

ing and turning successfully 40 inches or 80 inches to the round, four and six inches deep and thoroughly pulverizing the ground
leaving
it level and in excellent condition for seeding. Four horses handle this Plow successfully.

John
\V
J.

T.

Bennett,

H. Bull,

W'lLHOIT,

Sinned.

Riley Nay, T. B. COOKSEY, Daniel Mink, O. E. WiLHOIT,

C.

C.

Griffith.

Gents:

La Crosse, Kansas, used one of your Revolving Plows last fall to fit sixty
for

acres of ground
ing,

wheat.

Part
It

of

the
it

ground had not been

I

jilowed for six or seven years.

put

in fine condition for seed-

and

at the present time I

it

consider

have an excellent stand of wheat. an excellent implement for this part of the country. Yours respectfully,
C.

X.

PECKHAM.

State Insane Hospital,

Eastern Hospital for the Insane purchased one of Clark's Cutaway Revolving Plows, Series a. We plowed forty acres with it last fall and did a fine job. The ground was so dry and hard that we could not plow with either walking or
Illinois

Geniiemen:

The

Kankakee,

111.

riding
I

mould board plow.

think

it is just the thing to put in fall grain with, for it not only plows but pulverizes and levels, making a perfect seed bed all at the same time, I look on the Tplow as a valuable acquisition to

any farm.

Yours very

truly,
S.

M.

CAULKINS.

47

Gentlemen:
of Clark's
for
it.

Allow

NoNCHALANTA, Kansas.
us to add our testimony in I'ecommendation

Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow.

in
it is all in fine

last fall,

Put and

It will do all you claim two hundred acres of wheat with one of your plows

condition.
J.
J.

C.
F.

CLARK. Jr. SPANGLER.

RiGGSTON, 111. Revolving Gang Plow to prepare fifty-five acres of stubble land for wheat last fall, and it put the land in better fix for wheat than we could have done it with the Yours very truly common plow.
Gentlemen:

We used Clark's 48-inch

W.

S.

EBAUGH.

I did not but after some further improvements were made and I learned how to use it, I liked it very much; one has to learn to run

Gentlemen:

When

Harper, Kansas.
I first

received the Cutaway Plow,

like

it,

On stubble or freeand use it for just what it was made for. working and reasonably clean soil I never saw anything that will do I am perfectly satisfied with my purchase and the work it will. would not now take for the plow the money I paid for it. Yours truly,
it

W.

B.

ORANGE.

Harrow Testimonials.
Pomona, Calif. Cutaway Disk Harrow is a success as an orchard Cultivator, as it leaves no furrow surface after it, and is a thorough pulverizer and weed cutter all at once, standing first in the
Gentlemen:

Your Clark's

front ranks as a thorough Cultivator.

Very

respectfully,

H. Ebert.

Gents:
I

The Clark's
in

Cutaway Harrow

is

far superior to

ever saw

the

way

of an orchard tool.

It

ize

the soil to the depth required and will

Rivera, Calif. anything will thoroughly pulverdestroy all weeds and

thereby protecting the

trash,

thoroughly mixing them

with the

soil,

roots and retaining the moisture.

For cultivating orchards, in most cases it will do away with the plow entirely, thus saving a great deal of labor and expense. I can heartily recommend it to all Fruit Growers as being the most servicable tool in the market.

Yours,

James Stewart.

Los Angeles,
Gentlemen: Cl.\^\L"i
is

Calif.

REVERSIBLE CUTAWAY HARROW

field.

the best general tool for orchard work ever placed in the

Yours,

A. T.

Gary.

Gents:

We have tried nearly

Los Angeles,
all

Calif.

the

orchard tools

now on

the

market and have found none that gives as good satisfaction as your Reversible Cutaway Harrow. Yours truly, Mckinley Brothers.

Gents:

It is

the only Machine

ever saw that would do

satisfactorily.

my work Mr. Chilton.

49

Bedford, Ky. Gents:\^& have used your Cutaway harrow for two years in cultivating peach trees and we would say you have been a blessing in our country in the production of Clark's Cutaway Harrow. We do not use the plow at all. Yours truly, Combs & Campbell.

Gents:

Your harrow
it

Belle Fourche,
arrived
it.

S.

D.
I

here about the loth of May.

have

tried

and am well pleased with

it;

There has been several

per-

sons looking at

they think

it

is

just the thing for this dry climate.

truly,

Yours

Wm. Thomas.

Gentlemen:

The Cutaway
says
it

New
Harrow came

O. K. and

Milford, Pa, I have tried

it on old ground and sod and find it exceeds my expectations. Once over pulverizes it better than any other harrow I ever used and every

one who sees

it

beats

them

all.

Yours

truly,

C. C.

Keeney.

Hardenburg, Va, have done a great quantity with the Cutaway harrow this spring; it is the best harrow and seeder I ever saw. It does good work and fast; I have no doubt but they will take the lead of all harrows ever made. Yours very truly, Charles Hardenburg.
Getitlemen:

Nebraska City, Neb.

of you has been ground and putting in grass seeds and oats, and for preparing corn stalk ground for the Lister; and my neighbors have used it for pulverizing newly turned sod and in every instance we all pronounced it a perfect success. It is light draft and spades up and pulverizes the ground to the depth of four inches. Yours truly, Jas. W. Eaton.

Gentlemen:-, ClsLvk'^

Cutaway Harrow purchased

used on

my farm

for preparing the

Arcadia, Neb,
Gentlemen:

Have sold and used the Cutaway Harrow

it

for three

years and find

the best disk harrow

ever sold or used.

Yours

truly,

Peter Christian.

Cherry Valley, Ills, Dear Sir: We were much pleased with the work of the "Clark's Cutaway Harrow" that we bought of you last spring. I believe it will be just the tool to renovate old meadows and pastures.

J.

R. Post.

so

McRae, Ga.
Harrow the best agricultural implement ever produced for clearing new land, bedding corn and cotton land. We can't see how farmers can afford to be withHenry Wilcox. out the Cutaway Harrow.
Gents:
consider your Cutaway
J. P.

We

Wilcox.

Abbeville, La. Gentlemen: The Cutaway Harrow does the work of a plow and a harrow at the same time in sod that was cultivated last year in rice I plowed it up this year with my harrow and done better work than the plow could have done.

Very

respectfully,

E.

W. Gaspard.

Springhaven, Ga. Gentlemen: The ten disk Cutaway Harrow we bought last year surpasses all farm implements we have ever tried; it is complete in breaking old or new land. One man and two mules will accomplish as much in one day as four men and four mules will in the same length of time with any other tool. We would not be without ours for twice its worth. Rawles & Hughes. Truly yours,

Cochran, Ga. cannot say too much of the latest improved Reversible Cutaway Harrow. It is simple the best tool ever used on any farm. I can use it as a pulverizer, bedding corn or cotton land, also cultivating by throwing the soil away or to the growing crop, as desired. Neither can it be excelled for putting in peas, oats, etc. Yours very truly, T. H. Overby.
Gentlemen:

W. Julian Pearson, Ga., writes: "I prepared, planted and Cutaway Harrow, (no other plow used from first to last), 12 acres of corn, and the actual time consumed altogether, was only c^Yz days. The Clark Reversible Cutaway Harrow is the greatest labor saving farm implement ever used. Original and only Clark Cutaway Disk Harrow, known as "Competition Killer." This is not a so-called "Spading Harrow," there is but one "Cutaway" Harrow made. We guarantee the Clark Cutaway Disk Harrow to do better work in any and all conditions of ground, and to pull lighter than any solid wheel or round disk made. Remember there is only one genuine Cutaway harrow and that is the original and only Clark Cutaway Harrow. It has no comDr. G.
cultivated, with the
petitors.

51

Gents: I consider the orchard tool on the Slope.

Gents:~l have seen
all

REVERSIBLE CUTAWAY

the

best

james McClay.
the orchard tools at work, but the "Cut-

away" beats them

all.

Juj^^e Craig.
it.

Gents:~l never saw any tool that could equal

Gents:~lt
is

D. B. Snow.

far superior to

any tool yet on the market. Dr. Wall.

Read what

Sup't Jones of the

Hughes Ranch has

at first
it

to say:

"I had no faith in the

CUTAWAY

but was finally per-

suaded to try it, and I must say that any orchard tool I ever saw. In it you
Gents:

does far better work than

will find a world-beater."

For the past (15) years

is

run
that

in

my orchard, and it my mind was at rest.

I have been looking for a tool to was not until I saw the "Cutaway" at work I have seen it at work in several orchards

and can honestly say it Send me one at once.

a tool that every fruit grower should have.

Yours

truly,

J.

G, Ott.

Gents:

Upon purchasing

MiNDEN, Iowa.
this stock of

goods

at this place last

we secured the agency for the Clark's Cutaway Harrow, and in doing so we gave our order for (25), feeling a little at the same time that we were over-reaching a fair estimate of the number that we would be able to sell in this locality, as a very few
July, (1892)

were put out

in the

of the tool had not yet been realized.

Spring of 1892, as introduction, and the merits We found that we were

greatly mistaken. The (25) soon vanished away and we began to send in orders one after another for more, and could not get them as fast as they were called for. We sold (40) Clark's Cutaway Harrows, and could have sold (10) more could we have gotten them. We never handled a farming tool that gives such universal satisfaction.

In

fact,

we

think,

these implements, that this tool

and so does our customers who purchased is as essential on the farm as the

plow. When farmers are putting in small grain in corn stalks it does away with the corn stalk cutters, as it completely pulverizes the land and cuts the stalks all at the same time and leaves the land No good farmer in this locality wiH be without one perfectly level.

one year hence.

Yours Respectfully,

Wm. McEndree &

Co.

52

Gentlemen:

We

used one of Clark's Disk

on new breaking that was full of We certainly could not have planted can say thatit worked splendid. The of corn and tended it had we not had the harrow. it to a crop crop on this ground is better than the average of old ground in our

MiNDEN, Iowa. Harrows this season oak grubs and hazel brush and

We could not speak in too much praise of the harrow; as from the condition of our land we feel that the harrow has rewarded us fully five hundred dollars on this one crop alone. We can say to anyone contemplating buying a disk harrow, to give
neighborhood.
Clark's
satisfied.

Cutaway Harrow a trial first above all others; you will be We would not take one hundred dollars for ours if we
Yours
truly,

could not get another.

Carl Leitzke. Fred Leitzke.

Palisade, Neb. I purchased sur-

Gentlemen:

The Clark's Cutaway Harrow that

it

passes everything
of

wheat with ground equal

twice

to

I have seen in the disk line. I put in 130 acres on sod and it chopped up the sod and turned the I would not do without it for a stirring plow.

its price.

neighbor of mine, Mr. Davis, after seeing the fine work I "Cutaway" borrowed it to compare with a Solid Disk of his own. One round in the field convinced him of its superiority and he laid his own disk aside and finished putting in his grain
did with the

with the "Cutaway," stating that

it

was the

finest

machine on the

market.

Yours

truly,

Peter Huffer.

Gentlemen:

think there

is

have thoroughly tried the Cutaway Harrow and nothing like it for hop cultivation and orchard work.
I

Hubbard, Oregon.

it is superior to the solid disk or any other harrow I ever used, especially if land has been plowed for some time and let lay. Yours truly, G. W. Dimick.

For working sod land

LoRAMiE, Ohio. have given the harrow a good test and find it far superior to any tool I have ever seen before. It excells the full disk in every respect, l have now used both and know this to be a fact. I
Gents:

would rather buy the "Cutaway" than have the disk at half price. Yours truly, B. Schlater.

AxTELL, Neb. bought one of Clark's Cutaway Harrows from your agents, Nelson & Bengston, and so far as I have tried it I am well pleased with same. For light draft they cannot be beat and also do good work. Truly yours, Swan M. Nelson.
Gentlemen:

RocKFORD,
Gentlemen:

Ills.

The Cutaway Harrows

bought of you

last

season
of

'have given entire satisfaction wherever sold.

to renovate old

Here

are

expressions used by various purchasers concerning

it:

"Just the tool

some

the

meadows and pastures." "Does more work with horse-power than any other disc Harrow." "As far ahead of the
disc as the full disc
is

less
full

ahead

of

nothing."

"Greatest labor-saving
In no case have they

tool ever invented for the farmer," etc., etc.

failed to

accomplish more than you claimed they would do.

Most

respectfully,

M.

L.

Bruner.

WRITE TO

GENERAL AGENTS
OF

The Cutaway Harrow Company

For Full
Lininger

Description.

&

Staver

Metcalf Co., Omaha, Neb. & Abbott Mfg. Co., Chicago,

Mitchell, Lewis

111.

Staver Co., Portland, Ore. Allison, Neff & Co., San Francisco, Cal.

&

Mathews Implement
Stanton,

Co.,

Los Angeles,

Cal.

Thomson &

Co., Sacramento, Cal.

Stauffer,

Eshleman

&

Co.,

New

Orleans, La.

Southern Farm Tool Co., Atlanta, Ga. C. P. Poppenheim, Charleston, S. C.

W.
E. B. Drake, Lexington, Ky.
J.

S.

&

R.

S.

Petty,

Pittsboro,

N. C.

Wilder & Co., Cincianati, O. Lee-Kinsey Implement Co., Denver, Col. J. I. Case ^^Kment Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Geo. A. Lowe, Salt Lake City, Utah. W. D. Carter, Weatherford, Texas. Joel Wolfe & Co., Galveston, Texas. Samuel Hooper, Tiffin, Ohio.
A.
I,.

Babcock Hardware Co.,

Billings,

Mont.

A. W. Miles, Livingston, Mont.

Milton Implement Co., Milton, N. D.

Garner

&

Cleveland, Devil's Lake, N. D.

Princess Plow Co., Canton, O.

The

The

A.

J.

Tracy Co., Ltd., 131 Water

St,

N. Y.

Geo. Tyler

&

Co., Boston, Mass.

Richmond

Agricultural Implement Co., Richmond, Va.

Wakefield Hardware Co., Greensboro, N. C.

C. C.

Q. E.

Townsend & Co., Burlington, N. C. Young & Co., Bristol, Tenn. Brown & Sehler, Grand Rapids, Mich. Boughey & Co., Traverse City, Mich.