Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
1b)
Pn = AeFu = AnUFu
failure path #1 s (in) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 g (in) 1.500 3.000 3.000 1.500 s2/4g 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Total width (in) 1.500 3.000 3.000 1.500 -0.875 -0.875 0.000 tpl (in) 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 Area (in2) 0.750 1.500 1.500 0.750 -0.438 -0.438 0.000 3.625
width segment 1 width segment 2 width segment 3 width segment 4 hole 1 hole 2 hole 3 Net Area failure path #2
width segment 1 width segment 2 width segment 3 width segment 4 hole 1 hole 2 hole 3 Net Area 0.85Ag = Controlling An = U= Ae = Pn = Determine Capacity LRFD t= 0.75 3.825in2
Total width (in) 1.500 3.750 3.750 1.500 -0.875 -0.875 -0.875
Area (in2) 0.750 1.875 1.875 0.750 -0.438 -0.438 -0.438 3.938
ASD t = 2
Pn / t = CLF Ps,eq =
ASD 0.75 158kips 50.00kips 31.7%kips Okay t = Pn / t = Pa Pa / (Pn / t ) = 2 105kips 35.00kips 33.3%kips Okay
Pn = AgFy
IF you need to determine capacity: LRFD t= t Pn = CLF Ps,eq = 0.9 90kips 1.40 64.3kips
IF you need to check capacity: LRFD t= t Pn = Pu Pu/ tPn = 0.9 90kips 50.00kips 55.6%kips Okay
Bolt Bearing (J3.10) deformation at bolt hole IS a design consideration: Rn = min[1.2LctFu, 2.4dtFu] deformation at bolt hole IS NOT a design consideration: Rn = min[1.5LctFu, 3.0dtFu] long slotted holes perpendicular to force: Rn = min[1.0LctFu, 2.0dtFu] Deformation at the bolt hole is not a design consideration Use Equation J3-6b tpl = db = 0.5in 0.75in End dist Lc = 1.5in 1.0625in
Fu =
65ksi
num bolts
Tear Bearing Use Out Deformation (k/bolt) (k/bolt) (k/bolt) Fu factor Rn Controlling Rn = IF you need to determine capacity: LRFD t= t Pn = CLF Ps,eq = 0.75 466kips 1.40 333.0kips 1.5 51.8 621.6k 3.0 73.1 51.8
IF you need to check capacity: LRFD t= t Pn = Pu Pu/ tPn = 0.75 466kips 50.00kips 10.7%kips Okay
Failure Path #1
3.500 1.000
7.438 5.125
1.000 1.000
5.578 5.125
Use (k) 750.2 net path length (in) 10.500 7.438 6.188
Rn Failure Path #2
438.3 406.2k
If you need to check capacity: LRFD t= t Pn = Pu Pu/ tPn = 0.75 305kips 50.00kips 16.4%kips Okay Pa / (Pn / t ) =
Serviceability Limit States: Limit State Slenderness Specification D1 Limit L/r < 300 or r > L/300
Strength Limit States: All strength limit states take the form: LRFD Pu < tPn Req'd Pn = Pu/ t < Pn Pu / ( tPn) < 1.00 ASD Pa < Pn/t Req'd Pn = Pa t < Pn Pa / (Pn/t) < 1.00
Rn (nominal resistance) is often used in place of Pn (nominal axial strength) in the equations above. Typical Design Variables Stl Type, Section
Nominal Capacity Member Capacity: FyAg Member Capacity: FuAe Capacity per connection:
D2(a)/J4.1(a)
0.90
1.67
Tensile Rupture
D2(b)/J4.1(b)
Stl Type, Section, Bolt size, Bolt 0.75 Layout, Section modifications
2.00
Block Shear
J4.3
Stl Type, 0.75 Section, Bolt min(0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt, Size, Bolt 0.6FyAgv + UbsFuAnt) Layout,
2.00
Section modifications Stl Type, Section, Bolt Std Holes, Defl an issue: Size, Bolt min(1.2 Lct Fu, 2.4 dt Fu) 0.75 Layout, Section Std Holes, Defl not issue: modifications min(1.5 Lct Fu, 3.0 dt Fu) Capacity per bolt hole:
Bolt Bearing
J3.10
2.00
Notes: 1. See SCM specification D3 for requirements for computing An, and Ae. 2. SCM specification J4.1(b) places an upper limit of 0.85Ag on An for connecting elements. 3. Multiple failure paths may need to be considered for Tensile Rupture and Block Shear. 4. The least bolt bearing value in a connection controls the bolt bearing strength of the member.
Bolt Summary
Last Revised:
Strength Limit States: All strength limit states take the form: LRFD Ru < tRn Req'd Rn = Ru/ t < Rn Ru / ( tRn) < 1.00 ASD Ra < Rn/t Req'd Rn = Ra t < Rn Ra / (Rn/t) < 1.00
Which is: FORCE on a bolt < STRENGTH of a bolt The STRENGTH of a bolt is computed by:
Design Variables Tensile Rupture Shear Rupture Slip Capacity J3.6 Single Bolt Capacity: FntAb Single Shear Plane: FnvAb Single Shear Plane: DuhscTb Bolt Material, Bolt Size Bolt Material, Bolt Size Bolt Material, Bolt Size 0.75 2.00
J3.6
0.75
2.00
J3.8
0.75
2.00
Modify the nominal tensile rupture capacity for the presence of shear (SCM J3.7) Apply the shear rupture limit state without modification Typical Design Variables Bolt Material, Bolt Size Bolt Material, Bolt Size
Limit State Specification Nominal Capacity, R n Tensile Rupture Shear Rupture Single Bolt Capacity: F'ntAb Single Shear Plane: FnvAb
J3.7
0.75
2.00
J3.6
0.75
2.00
Modify the nominal slip capacity for the presence of tension (SCM J3.9) Apply the tensile rupture limit state without modification Typical Design Variables Bolt Material, Bolt Size
Limit State Specification Nominal Capacity, R n Tensile Rupture Single Bolt Capacity: FntAb
J3.6
0.75
2.00
Slip Capacity
J3.9
0.75
2.00
All bolts are assumed to be equally stressed in tension. All shear planes are assumed to be equally stressed in shear.
Elastic Vector Method: See SCM pg 7-8. Computes shear in the bolts. Direct method that is conservative and has an inconsistent factor of safety. Instantaneous Center of Rotation Method: See SCM pg 7-6. Computes the relationship between the applied load and the shear load in the worst case bolt. Iterative method that is more consistent with test results and not as conservative as the Elastic Method.
Case I Method: See SCM pg 7-10. Basic mechanics (Mc/I) using the compression contact area to find the tension in the worst case bolt. Finding Ix may be iterative. If the shear is concentric with the bolt group it is equally divided among the shear planes otherwise use either the elastic vector or IC method to find the bolt shear forces. Case II Method: See SCM pg 7-12. Uses basic statics (Applied Moment = Pe = rat n' dm= Internal Moment) without considering the contact area to find the tension in the worst case bolt. If the shear is concentric with the bolt group it is equally divided among the shear planes otherwise use either the elastic vector or IC method to find the bolt shear forces.