Datasheet updated 2012-01-20 11:19:53 (supersedes all previous editions)

Sandvik 2RE10
(Tube and pipe, seamless)
Sandvik 2RE10 is an austenitic stainless steel with extremely low carbon and impurity contents. The grade is characterized by: Excellent resistance to corrosion in nitric acid Excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion Good resistance to pitting Good weldability

STANDARDS

UNS S31002 EN number 1.4335 W.Nr. 1.4335 DIN X 1 CrNi 25 21

Seamless tube and pipe

ASTM A213 and A312 EN 10216-5 SEW 400 (Feb 1991) 2RE10 conforms to 1.4335, but actual composition specified for 1.4335 allows considerable higher maximum levels of C, Si, P, S and Mo. High levels of these elements increase the potential for corrosion and therefore these elements has been kept as low as possible in 2RE10.
Approvals

ASME Code Case 2591. Section VIII, Division 1.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (NOMINAL) % C max 0.015 Si max 0.15 1.8 Mn P max 0.020 S max 0.005 24.5 20 Cr Ni Mo max 0.10

FORMS OF SUPPLY SeamlesstubeandpipeFinishesanddimensions

Tube and pipe are supplied in dimensions up to 80 mm (3.15 in.) outside diameter in the solution annealed and white-pickled or in the bright annealed condition.
Other forms of supply

Welding wire and wire electrodes Covered electrodes Sheet and plate Bar steel in Sandvik 2RE69
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

At 20C (68F)
METRIC UNITS Proof strength Rp0.2 MPa min. 210
a)

Tensile strength Rp1.0 MPa min. 240

a)

Elong. A
b)

Hardness

Rm MPa min. 500-670

% min. 35
c)

Vickers approx. 155

IMPERIAL UNITS Proof strength Rp0.2 ksi min. 30

a)

Tensile strength Rp1.0 ksi min. 35

a)

Elong. A
b)

Hardness

Rm ksi min. 73-98

% min. 35
c)

Vickers approx. 155

1 MPa = 1 N/mm2 a) R p0.2 and R p1.0 correspond to 0.2% offset yield strength respectively. b) Based on L0=5.65S0 , where L0 is the original gauge length and S0 the original crosssection area. c) EN 10216-5 with min 45% can be fulfilled

Impact strength

Due to its austenitic microstructure, Sandvik 2RE10 has very good impact strength both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. Tests have demonstrated that the steel fulfils requirements according to the o European standards prEN 13445-2 (UFPV-2) ( (min. 60 J (44 ft-lb) at -270 C (-455 o o o F)) and EN 10216-5 (min. 60 J (44 ft-lb) at -196 C (-320 F). At high temperatures
METRIC UNITS Temperature Proof strength Rp0.2 C MPa min. 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 IMPERIAL UNITS Temperature Proof strength Rp0.2 F ksi min. 200 400 600 700 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 36.4 23.1 20.8 20.0 Rp1.0 ksi min. 30.8 27.4 24.4 23.6 Tensile strength Rm ksi min. 68.5 63.7 60.7 59.9 195 180 170 160 150 145 140 135 Rp1.0 MPa min. 225 210 200 190 180 170 165 160 Tensile strength Rm MPa min. 485 470 455 440 430 420 415 410

Density: 7.9 g/cm , 0.29 lb/in

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY Temperature,C 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY Temperature,C 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 THERMAL EXPANSION Temperature,C 30-100 30-200 30-300 30-400 30-500 30-600 30-700 1) Mean values in temperature ranges (x10-6) RESISTIVITY Temperature,C 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 m 0.84 0.90 0.98 1.07 1.10 1.14 1.18 1.20 1.22 1.23 1.24 Temperature,F 68 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 in. 33.1 35.2 35.6 42.3 43.7 45.5 46.8 47.7 48.3 48.7
1)

W/mC 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 26

Temperature,F 68 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1300

Btu/fthF 7.5 8.5 10 11.5 12.5 13.5 14.5 15

J/kgC 470 495 530 555 580 600 615 630

Temperature,F 68 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1300

Btu/lbF 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15

PerC 15.5 16.5 17 17 17.5 17.5 18

Temperature,F 86-200 86-400 86-600 86-800 86-1000 86-1200 86-1400

PerF 8.5 9 9.5 9.5 9.5 10 10

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY Temperature,C 20 100 200 300 400 500 1) (x103) CORROSION RESISTANCE General corrosion

1)

MPa 195 190 182 174 166 158

Temperature,F 68 200 400 600 800 1000

ksi 28.3 27.6 26.4 25.1 23.8 22.5

Sandvik 2RE10 was developed to combat corrosion problems in nitric acid service. Thanks to its high chromium and low impurity contents it has considerably better resistance to nitric acid than steel type ASTM 304L, as illustrated by the isocorrosion diagram, figure 1. In such applications Sandvik 2RE10 is far superior to ASTM 304L, ASTM 321 and ASTM 329. The corrosion rates of these grades in 65% nitric acid (Huey test) are compared in figure 2. Sandvik 3R12 is the Sandvik version of ASTM 304L. Results are presented from tests of solution annealed material (the delivery condition) and also material in a o sensitised(650C(1202 F)for1hcondition.ASTM329wassensitisedat650C o (1202 F ) for only 5 min..

Figure 1. Isocorrosion diagram for Sandvik 2RE10 and 3R12 (ASTM 304L) in a naturally aerated, stagnant solution of nitric acid. The curves represent a corrosion rate of 0.1 mm/year (4 mpy).

Figure 2. Huey test results for different stainless steels (average values). Arrows denote accelerated attack for each period, which indicates material will not perform satisfactorily in service.

Stress corrosion cracking

The higher nickel content makes Sandvik 2RE10 slightly more resistant than conventional austenitic stainless steels, such as ASTM 304L.
Intergranular corrosion

Sandvik 2RE10 is highly resistant to intergranular corrosion even after long-term sensitisation. Figure 4 shows the results of Huey testing (boiling in 65% nitric acid for 5x48h) sensitised specimens of Sandvik 2RE10 and a steel of type ASTM 304L. The low tendency for sensitisation is an advantage in complicated welding operations. In delivery testing, by means of the Huey test, the guaranteed maximum corrosion rate for Sandvik 2RE10 is 0.12 mm/year (5 mpy) in the solution annealed condition, and0.20mm/year(8mpy)aftersensitisationat675C(1250F).Evenlowervalues can be guaranteed by agreement in certain cases. Figure 3 demonstrates that sensitisation does not increase the corrosion rate greatly in Huey testing, whereas the corrosion rate for ASTM 304L increases significantly.
Pitting corrosion

Sandvik 2RE10 has considerably higher pitting corrosion resistance than ASTM 304L and is also superior to ASTM 329, as illustrated by figure 4.

Figure 3. Corrosion curves for Sandvik 2RE10 and AISI 304L obtainedfromHueytestingaftersensitisationat675C (1250F).

Figure 4. Critical pitting temperature (CPT) for Sandvik 2RE10, ASTM 304L and ASTM 329 in neutral chloride solutions (potentiostatic determination at +300 mV SCE).

HEAT TREATMENT

Tubes are delivered in the heat treated condition. If another heat treatment is needed, due to further processing, the following is recommended.
Stress relieving

850950C(15601740F),1015minutes,rapidcoolinginair.Alternatively1000 1050C(18301920F),about1minute,rapidcoolinginair.
Solution annealing

10001100C(18302010F),520minutes,rapidcoolinginairorwater.
WELDING

The weldability of Sandvik 2RE10 is good. No preheating is required. Suitable methods of fusion welding are manual metal-arc welding with covered electrodes and gas shielded arc welding, with the TIG and MIG methods as first choice. Welding should be undertaken with a low heat input, i.e. high travel speed and low current. The general recommendation for fully austenitic stainless steels is a heat inputof1.0kJ/mmmaximumandaninterpasstemperaturenotexceeding150C o (302 F). The diameter of electrodes used in manual metal-arc welding should be 2.5 mm (3/32 in.) max for wall thicknesses up to 6 mm, and 3.25 mm (1/8 in.) max for larger wall thicknesses. A stringer bead welding technique shall be used. In common with all austenitic stainless steels Sandvik 2RE10 has low thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion. Welding should therefore be carefully planned in advance so that distortion of the welded joint can be minimised. If, despite these precautions, it is believed that residual stresses may impair the function of the weldment, it is recommended that the entire structure is stressrelieved. See under Heat Treatment. The welding of fully austenitic steels usually involves the risk of hot cracking in the weld metal, particularly if the weldment is under constraint. As a result of its very high purity, however, Sandvik 2RE10 is not especially susceptible to this kind of cracking. We recommend Sandvik 25.20.L as the filler metal for gas shielded arc welding. For manual metal-arc welding, covered electrodes Sandvik 25.20.LR are recommended. Sandvik 25.22.2.LMn wire and strip electrodes are recommended for overlay welding of tube sheets in cases where corrosion resistance equal to that of Sandvik 2RE10 is required.
BENDING

The excellent formability of Sandvik 2RE10 permits cold bending to very small bending radii. Coldworking does not impair resistance to general and intergranular corrosion. Annealing is not normally necessary after cold bending. If, however, tubes have been cold worked and are to be used under conditions where stress corrosion cracking is liable to occur, stress relieving is recommended. See under Heat treatment.
APPLICATIONS

Sandvik 2RE10 is very suitable for heat exchanger tube and pipe in processes that treat nitric acid for example, the manufacture of nitric acid, acrylic fibres, ammonium nitrate and the reprocessing of nuclear reactor fuel. Extensive practical experience in such applications has confirmed the superiority of Sandvik 2RE10 over standard steels such as ASTM 304L and ASTM 329.

Tail gas preheaters

The main reason for highly corrosive conditions in tail gas preheaters is that droplets of nitric acid are entrained in the tail gas from the absorption tower. When this gas enters the heater, the droplets settle on the hot tube wall and start boiling. The temperature of the heating medium, usually hot process gas or steam, can be very high. In this type of condition, ASTM 304L tends to have short a service life. Tubes and tube sheets manufactured in Sandvik 2RE10 are recommended for a long service life
Cooler/condensers

In cooler/condensers, corrosion is normally encountered at the inlet end, where the first condensate is formed. If reboiling of the first condensate occurs, the corrosive conditions become very severe, leading to the kind of attack illustrated in figure 5. This typical corrosion problem can be detected easily. By upgrading to Sandvik 2RE10 the service life will be substantially longer than, for example ASTM 304L.

DISCLAIMER: Recommendations are for guidance only, and the suitability of a material for a specific application can be confirmed only when we know the actual service conditions. Continuous development may necessitate changes in technical data without notice. This datasheet is only valid for Sandvik materials.