These are all in polite form learn these first.

Good Morning: Ohayo gozaimasu Good Day: Konnichi wa Good evening: Konban wa Good Night: Oyasuminasai Thank you very much: Doumo arigatou gozaimasu Sorry: Gomennasai Excuse me: Sumimasen How are you?: Ogenki desu ka I am Fine: Genki desu. I am not fine: Genki dewa arimasen. Good Bye: Sayounara Before you eat: Itadakimasu when you are done eating: Gochisousama When you meet someone for the fist time: Hajimemashite or Douzoyoroshiku Where is the bathroom?: toire wa doko desu ka? I don't understand: Wakarimasen. I understand: Wakarimasu. Lesson 1 Basic Grammar The basic lesson will be taught with roman letters and Hiragana. I suggest that the best way is to learn hiragana and then follow the lesson or do both at the same time. However, if you do not w ish to learn hiragana at this time you can follow this lesson as well. The hiragana script follows the roman script examples. The most basic sentence structure will be explained. This will be the explanati on of the word desu desu. In normal pronunciation it is pronounced "des". However, in politer speech you w ill hear the "su" su of "desu" desu. To make it easy lets start with the sentence " I am Taro" (Taro is a Japanese bo ys name). To say this in Japanese it is: Watashi wa Taro desu. I am Taro

I in Japanese is watashi. watashi So a pattern is: (A) wa (B) desu. a wa b desu To say "my name is__" just say this: Watashi wa (put your name here) desu. The wa in this sentence is what is called the subject particle. It shows that th e word before it is the subject of the sentence. In writing wa as a particle, the hiragana has5 is u sed. This term particle will show up during your study of Japanese. It refers to a on syllable marker in a sentence that shows a certain words relation to the verb, s ubject etc. Some examples of these are: wa, no, ni, (w)o, ga, ka, and de. To further expand this basic structure one must get familiar with these words: k ore, sore, are, dore. In English they are this(kore), that(sore), that over there(are), and which one( dore). Notice how they start with ko, so, a, and do. ko,so,a,do This is a pattern that will been seen often with other similar words such as kok o, soko, asoko, and doko. Which in English are: here(koko), there(soko), over there(asoko), and where(doko ). You can think of these words basically in this way, ko words are things near the speaker, so words are things near the listener, a words are things away from both the listener and speaker, a nd the do words that are the question words. So to make some sentences from these lets use these examples: This is an apple. Apple in Japanese is ringo. Kore wa ringo desu. That is a book Book in Japanese is hon. Sore wa hon desu.

That over there is a car. Car in Japanese is kuruma. Are wa kuruma desu. To make a question out of the basic sentence you place the particle ka kaat the end. This is the question particle. Which book is yours? anata wa hon wa dore desu ka Yours in Japanese is made up of the word anata anata meaning you and the possess ion particle no no. Next is how to say "what is this?" using the basic sentence pattern. The word fo r what in Japanese in nan nan or nani nani depending on what kind of sentence it is being used in. What is this? Kore wa nan desu ka. Of course you can make this work with each of the ko, so, a, and do words. Here is how to say What is your name? anata no name wa nan desu ka Name in Japanese is namae. Negative Form of desu. The negative form of desu is dewa arimasen. Notice that the wa s5 in dewa is hir agana has 5. This is easy to use. For example to say: I am not Taro. You say: watashi wa tarou dewa arimasen. Or, That is not an apple. sore wa ringo dewa arimasen. Lesson 2 Counting in Japanese This lesson is about counting. The best way to learn this is just to say the Jap anese numbers over and over until you get used to them. Japanese uses different counters for different kinds of objects and this is

what makes counting in Japanese hard for Japanese learners. The Kanji for count ing and hiragana for the numbers can be found in the Kanji section. However I suggest practicing your hi ragana by trying to convert the basic romaji for the numbers into hiragana yourself then checking t he hiragana section to see if you got them right! Also notice how the sound of the counter suffix changes depending on the number used. See if you can figure out that pattern! First is just the regular numbers: 1 ichi 2 ni 3 san 4 shi or yon 5 go 6 roku 7 shichi or nana 8 hachi 9 ku or kyu 10 ju or jyu 11 juichi 12 juni 13 jusan, etc.... 20 niju 30 sanju 40 yonju 50 goju, etc.. 100 hyaku How Many 'ikutsu' Counting simple Objects Now here are the Japanese counter for objects learn this well! 1 hitotsu 2 futatsu

3 mittsu 4 yottsu 5 itsutsu 6 muttsu 7 nanatsu 8 yatsu 9 kokonotsu 10 tou then continue counting with regular numbers as in regular numbers. How Many ikutsu Counting people here we use the suffix "nin" but this changes depending on the number before and 1 and 2 have exceptions again just learn by counting over and over out loud. 1 person hitori 2 people futari 3 people sannin 4 people yonin 5 people gonin 6 people rokunin 7 people shichinin 8 people hachinin 9 people kunin 10 people junin How many people 'nannin' Counting flat things. Example: paper, plates etc. uses suffix "mai" 1 ichimai 2 nimai 3 sanmai 4 yonmai 5 gomai

6 rokumai 7 nanamai 8 hachimai 9 kyumai 10 jumai How Many 'nanmai' Counting Long Slender Things The counter here is suffix "hon". Example: Pencils, sticks, etc.. 1 ippon 2 nihon 3 sanbon 4 yohon 5 gohon 6 roppon 7 nanahon 8 happon 9 kyuhon 10 jyuppon How Many 'nanbon' Counting Books. The Counter here is "satsu". 1 Book issatsu 2 Books nisatsu 3 Books sansatsu 4 Books yonsatsu 5 Books gosatsu 6 Books rokusatsu 7 Books nanasatsu 8 Books hassatsu 9 Books kyusatsu 10 Books jissatsu

How Many 'nansatsu' Lesson 3 The Verb Arimasu Now we will lean the verb "arimasu" which is the verb "to be" for inanimate obje cts. This is a very important verb that you will use in almost every Japanese conversation in some way or another. In th is lesson we will learn just the very basic use for this verb. DO NOT use this verb with people or animals there is a different word for that which will learnt in a future lesson. First here are some distance words: "koko" here, "soko" There, "asoko" Over the re and "doko" where. Here is an example sentence using arimasu. There is an apple. "ringo ga arimasu" Here we learn a new particle "ga". This particle "ga" goes right after the noun word used with the verb arimasu arimasu. Here is a sentence using distance words and numbers. There are 3 sheets of paper here. "koko ni kami ga san mai arimasu." Notice after the word here "Koko" the particle "ni" is placed to show a feeling like the word "at". "kami" is paper. Now here is a sentence as a question using "ka" at the end. where is the telephone? "denwa wa doko ni arimasu ka." "denwa" denwa is telephone. So now you just need to practice these simple forms with other objects. Negative of Arimasu. The Negative of arimasu arimasu is arimasen. So you can say: There are no apples. Ringo wa arimasen. Note that in negative form "ga" changes to "wa"s 5.

New Counter Once again practice your hiragana by converting the romaji to hiragana for these counters! This is for counting things like TV, or radios. it uses suffix "dai". For example: "There is one TV." "terebi ga ichi dai arimasu" 1- ichidai 2- nidai 3-sandai 4-yondai 5- godai 6-rokudai 7-shichidai 8-hachidai 9- kyudai 10- judai How many 'nandai' Good luck with this lesson! Lesson 4 The Verb Imasu In this lesson we will lean the verb "imasu" which is the verb to be for living things. DO NOT use this verb with non-living things. The verb learned in Lesson 3 "arimasu" is used for that. Here is an example of using imasu imasu. There are people over there. "Asoko ni hito ga imasu". hito is people or person. Here are some examples using distance words and numbers. There are 2 cats in the garden. "niwa ni neko ga nihiki imasu"

Niwa is garden and neko is cat. More about "nihiki" in the this lesson's section on counting. Now here is one making a question using "ka"s 16 at the end. Where is John? "Jyo-nsan wa doko ni imasu ka" Negative of form. Similar to the negative form of arimasu arimasu, the negative form of imasu is i masen. Example. There are no people over there. asoko ni hito wa imasen. Again note how gaga changes to waha. Negative of form. Similar to the negative form of , the negative form of is .Exa mple..Again note how changes to .New Counter Once again practice your hiragana by converting the romaji to hiragana for these counters This week counters for small animals using suffix "hiki". 1- ippiki 2- nihiki 3- sanbiki 4- yonhiki 5- gohiki 6- roppiki 7- nanahiki 8- happiki 9- kyuhiki 10- jippiki How many 'nanbiki' Ganbatte! Lesson 5 Position Words In this lesson we will learn position words using "arimasu" and "imasu".

Here are some position words: ue (on) , shita (under), soba (beside), mukou (opposite side), ushiro (behind). When using these position words the particle "ni" is added to after the position word and "No"s 18 is added before the position word. To see this look at the examples below. "ano ki no ue ni tori ga imasu." On top of that tree there is a bird. Ano (that), ki (tree) no une ni (on top of) tori (bird). "isu no shita ni hon ga arimasu." under the chair there is a book. Isu (chair) no shita ni (underneath) hon book). There rest are used in the same way with (place) no (position) ni. Also remember to make sure you use "imasu" and "arimasu" correctly. Now here is a little question and answer dialog using these forms below. Vocab: neko (cat), doko (where), tsukue (desk), hon (book). neko wa doko ni imasu ka. "Where is the cat?" neko wa tsukue no shita ni imasu. "The cat is under the desk." anata no hon wa doko ni arimasu ka. "Where is your book?" watashi no hon wa isu no ue ni arimasu. "My book is on the chair". Negative Examples "The cat is not under the table." neko wa tsukue no shita ni wa imasen Negative Examples The cat is not under the table. neko wa tsukue no shita ni wa imasen. Notice how wa wa is added after ni ni. More about this detail in a future lesson.

My book is not on the chair. Watashi no hon wa isu no ue ni wa arimasen. This lesson's Counter This Counter is for counting birds. It used the counter wa. This lesson's Counter This Counter is for counting birds. It used the counter wa. 1 bird ichiwa 2 birds niwa 3 birds sanba 4 birds yonwa 5 birds gowa 6 birds rokuwa 7 birds shichiwa 8 birds hachiwa 9 birds kyuwa 10 birds jippa How many birds 'nanba' Good Luck! Lesson 6 Verbs Ikimasu and Kimasu Today we will learn two verbs, the verb "to go" and the verb " to come" To go - Dictionary form "iku"polite form "ikimasu". to come- Dictionary form "kuru" Polite form "kimasu". (More on the dictionary form of verbs in future lessons.) These two verbs are direction verbs and the particle that is used to show where the action is going which is similar to the English word "to" is "e". When used in writing you use the hiraga na for "he" e Also just a reminder is that subject marker particle "wa" s 5 is written with hi ragana "ha"s 5. Here are some example sentences to get started off. Ritsuko goes to the store.

Ritsuko san wa mise e ikimasu.

Lesson 7 The Particle o In this lesson we will learn the particle "o"wo. when used in writing the hiraga na used for this particle is "wo" An easy verb to lean that uses this particle is the verb "to buy" "kaimasu". Dic tionary form is "kau". Here is an example. watashi wa ringo o kaimashita I bought an apple. watashi (I), wa (topic market), ringo (apple), owo (particle to show what the ve rb is using), kaimashita (bought). note: kaimashita is the past tense of form of "kaimasu". Lesson 8 adjective conjugation In this lesson I will introduce adjective conjugation. This does not exist in En glish in they way it does in Japanese. It is very important that your learn this, as is it is used all the time. In Japanese there are two main kinds if adjectives. To make it easy to learn I w ill briefly explain what they are called. One is called "i" adjectives as they end in "i" and the others are called noun a djectives, as they conjugate like regular nouns in Japanese. More on noun adjectives in a future lesson. There are some exceptions to this and I will explain one of them in this lesson. This lesson will focus on the "i" type of adjectives. Here are some "i" adjectives: ookii (big) chisaii chisai(small) akai akai(red) samui samui(cold) atsui atsui(hot) tsumetai tsumetai(cold used for things like water)

IMPORTANT NOTE: The word "kirei" is the word "pretty" and it ends in "i". Howeve r this is not a "i" type adjective, it is an exception so learn this right away, it is a "noun type" and I will expl ain more about this in the next lesson. Here is how to use "i" type. This is a big apple. kore wa ookii ringo desu. kore(this), wa (subject marker), ookii (big), ringo (apple), desu (is). Now to say "this is a big red apple." you put "ookii"and "akai" together but yo u can not just put them together. There is a rule. You have to take the last "i" off "ookii" or the "i" on all oth er "i" type adjectives and put in "kute" like this: "ookikute" So then the sentence will become: kore wa ookikute akai ringo desu. You can also say: This apple is big and red. kono ringo wa ookikute akai desu. To negate the adjective you take the "i" away and add "kunai". Example: Vocab: "hon" is "book". First a simple example sentence This book is expensive. kono hon wa takai desu. so to say: This book is not expensive. you say: kono hon wa takakunai desu. Or you can say: This is a non expensive book. kore wa takakunai hon desu.

For the past tense version of the adjective you take the "i" away and add "katta ". Example: Vocab "kinou" "yesterday". Yesterday was cold. kinou wa samukatta desu. then to say the past "was not" you take away "i" from the negative form and add "nakatta". Example Yesterday was not cold. kinou wa samukunakatta desu. This is just a basic explanation of this concept and it is a very difficult part of Japanese to learn. So practice these by changing the tenses of these adjectives and you will do fin e. In the next lesson I will teach the noun types which are easier and they work in a way you probably alread y know. Ganbatte kudasai. Lesson 9 Noun Adjectives Today we will continue with adjective conjugation specifically "noun" adjectives as in the last lesson we learned "i" adjectives. Here are some "Noun" adjectives: Kirei (Pretty remember this is a exception it ends in "i" but is a "noun" adject ive) genki (good health) jyoubu (strong) Here is how to use the "noun" type adjective. These are strong socks. kore wa jyoubu na kutsushita desu. kore (this but in this case these), was (topic marker), jyoubu (strong), nana (I 'll explain this in the next paragraph), kutsushita (socks), desu (are).

When you use a "noun" adjective, you after to put "na" after the adjective. Example: Pretty girl. kirei na onna no hito desu. Now to join to "noun adjectives together you put "de" in between. She is a pretty and a kind woman. kanojo wa kerei de yasashii onna no hito desu. kanojo (she), wa (topic marker), kirei (pretty) de (and, used to connect nouns and noun adjectives. It is "te" form of "desu" but more about that in another lesson) yasashii (kind "i" iAdj.) onna no hito (woman) desu (is). You can also say: The girl is pretty and kind. kanojo wa kirei de yasashii desu. Now for the negative version of noun adjectives you add "de wa arimasen" just li ke you do with a noun. As well here the hiragana "ha" is used for "wa". Example: That girl in not pretty. Sono onna no hito wa kirei de wa arimasen. Now for the negative past tense you add: dewa arimasen deshita. Example: That person was not healthy. ano hito wa genki dewa arimasen deshita. This is just the basic idea of this and is very difficult to learn so practice c hanging the tenses of these adjectives and you will do fine. Ganbatte kudasai! Lesson 10 To and From Today I will introduce the words "kara" "from", "made" "until" "kakaru" "how lo ng" and the expand on the particle "de"

(means or by) like "by car". First I will explain "kara". Ii is easy to useas you just put "kara" after the p lace you left or will leave. Example: I came from Japan. Watashi wa nihon kara kimashita. Watashi (I), wa (topic particle), nihon (Japan), kara (from), kimashita(came). Next I will explain "Made" "until". Just like "kara"kara it goes after the word which is you end destination. I will go as far as Tokyo. Watashi wa Toukyou made ikimasu. Wastashi (I), wa (topic marker), Toukyou made (until Tokyo), ikimasu (go). Now you can tell how you went to a place or will go buy using "de" which goes af ter the way you will go. I will go to Tokyo by train. Watashi wa densha de Toukyou e ikimasu. Watashi (I), wa (topic marker), densha (train), de (by what means), Toukyou e (t o Tokyo), ikimasu (go). you can make this in to a question of "by what means" by putting "nan" before " de". How did you go to Tokyo? Anata wa nan de Toukyou e ikimashita ka. Anata (you), wa (topic marker), nan (what), de (means), Toukyou e (to Tokyo), ik imashita (went or did go in this case), ka (question marker). Using the verb "kakaru" (which is the dictionary form of kakarimasu) and "dono g urai" (about) you can ask: about how long does it take to get from "A" to "B" by "what means? About how long does it take to get from Tokyo to Nagoya by Bullet train? Toukyuo kara Nagoya made shinkansen de dono gurai kakarimasu ka. Toukyou kara (from Tokyo), Nagoya made (until Nagoya), shinkansen de (by Bullet Train), dono gurai kakarimasu (About how long does it take), ka (question marker). Then you can answer like this:

It takes about 2 hours to get from Tokyo to Nagoya by Bullet train. Toukyou kara Nagoya made shinkasen de ni jikan gurai kakarimasu. ni jikan nijikan (2 hours), gurai kakarimasu guraikakarimasu (about it takes). So now just change the places and the ways of means to make your own sentences a nd questions and practice them with a friend to get them smooth. Use the dictionary to find the names of other ways to travel like cars, bikes etc. and practice! Ganbatte kudasai! Lesson 11 Telling Time This lesson will cover how to tell time. It will be a short and easy lesson. The next lesson will be an expansion on this lesson. Here are the hours starting from 1:00 to 12:00. ichi ji, ni ji, san ji, yo ji, go ji, roku ji, shichi ji, hacji ji, ku ji, jyuu ji, jyuuichi ji, jyuuni ji. time Here are the minutes. ippun, nifun, sanpun (pronounced sampun), yonfun or yonpun (pronounced yompun), gofun, roppun, nanafun, happun, kyuufun, jippun or juppun. minutes To ask what time it is you say: What time is it now? ima nanji desu ka? ima (now), nanji (what time), desu (is), ka (question marker). Then to answer: It is 3:00. ima sanji desu. To ask what time it is you say: (question marker).Then to answer:To say half pas t an hour you put "han" hanafter the time. For example: 3:30 san ji han.

To say 10 after 3 you say: sanji jippun sugi. sanji (3 o'clock), jippun (10 minutes), sugi (after). To say 10 after 3 you say:.To say 10 to 3. san ji jippun mae. san ji (3 o'clock ), jippun (10 minites), mae (before). So practice these as the next lesson will show you how to use verbs to say what time you will do stuff etc. Just master these times and you will have a goo d start on the next lesson! Ganbatte kudasai Lesson 12 Telling Time Part 2 This lesson will show you how to apply time telling in real situations and quest ion asking. Here is how to ask someone about when they did something. Example: What time did you wake up this morning? Anata wa kesa nani ji ni okimashita ka. Anata (you), wa (topic Marker), kesa (this morning), nani ji (what time), ni (pa rticle you put after time), okimashita (did wake up), ka (Question Marker). I woke up at 7 O'clock. Watashi wa shichi ji ni okimashita. Watashi (I), wa (topic Marker), shichi ji (7:00), ni (particle for at what time) , okimashita (woke up). Here is how to say: what time will you go to bed? Anata wa nan ji ni nemasu ka. nemasu is go to bed I will go to bed at 11:00. Watashi wa jyuuichi ji ni nemasu. Here is how to say AM and PM

AM is Gozen. PM is Gogo. You put AM or PM before the time you state like this: 5:00AM is gozen go ji. 5:00PM is gogo go ji. Here are some example questions using time. Try to create answers to the questio ns. 1.What time will you go to Tokyo? Anata wa nanji ni Toukyou e ikimasu ka? (ikimasu is go) 2.I ate breakfast at 8:00 AM. Gozen hachi ji ni asagohan o tabemashita. (tabemashita is I ate). 3.Yesterday what time did you get up? Kinou nanji ni okimashita ka. 4.What time did your friend come? Anata no tomodachi wa nanji ni kimashita ka. (kimashita is came). 5.What time does your Japanese class start? Nihongo no kurasu wa nan ji ni hajimarimasu ka. (hajimarimasu is start or begin) . Ganbatte kudasai Lesson 13 The Day and Months This lesson will list the names of the months and the days of the weeks. You als o will notice that the Kanji has been added after the hiragana. The reason I have added kanji to this section is that one should get familiar with these kanji as they will been seen often when in Japan because of the importance of the days of the week and months. Weekdays Sunday Monday Tuesday - Nichiyoubi. - Getsuyoubi getsuyoubi. - Kayoubi kayoubi.

Wednesday - Suiyoubi suiyoubi. Thursday - Mokuyoubi mokuyoubi. Friday - Kinyoubi kinyoubi.

Saturday - Doyoubi doyoubi. Months January - ichigatsu ichigatsu.

February - nigatsu nigatsu. March April May June July August - sangatsu sangatsu. - shigatsu shigatsu. - gogatsu gogatsu. - Rokugatsu rokugatsu. - shichigastu shigatsu. - hachigatsu hachigatsu.

September - kugatsu kugatsu. October - jyuugatsu jyuugatsu.

November - jyuuichigatsu jyuuichigatsu. December - jyuunigatsu jyuunigatsu. Number days of the week 1st of the month - tsuitachi. 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11st 12nd 13rd - futsuka. - mikka. - yokka. - itsuka. - muika. - nanoka. - youka. - kokonoka. - tooka. - jyuuichicinichi. - jyuuninichi. - jyuusannichi.

14th 15th 20th 21st 24th 30th Example:

- jyuuyokka (exception). - jyuugonichi jyuugonichi....... - hastuka. - nijyuuichinichi ... - nijyuuyokka... - sanjyuunichi.

January 9. ichigatsu kokonoka Try to learn these vocabulary as the next lesson will cover how to use them. Ganbatte kudasai Lesson 14 The Day and Months Part 2 This lesson will give real life examples of the vocabulary of the days and month s from the last lesson. What weekday is it? kyou wa nan youbi desu ka. kyou (today), wa (topic Marker), nan youbi (what week day), desu (is), ka(questi on marker). Today is Monday. kyou wa getuyoubi desu. What day of the month is it today? kyou wa nan nichi desu ka? Today is the 2nd Day. kyou wa futsuka desu. What is month is this month? kongetsu wa nan gatsu desu ka? kongetsu (this month), wa (topic marker), nan gatsu (what month), desu (is), ka (question marker). This month is January. kongestu wa ichigatsu desu. When is your birthday? anata no tanjyoubi wa nangatsu nan nichi desu ka.

tanjyoubi (birthday) My birthday is January 9th. Watashi no tanjyoubi wa ichigastu kokonka desu Practice these as these are very useful! Ganbatte kudasai Lesson 15 te form of Verbs This lesson will explain how to make the "te" form of the Japanese verb. I sugge st using the Internet find some other Japanese verbs and practice changing them to the "te" f orm after going through this lesson. This form is very useful and the next lesson will Explain how to use them for so me simple sentences. Before I get into how to change the verbs I have to explain that there are three types of verbs. The "ru" verbs, Regular Verbs and irregular verbs. Each one conjugates a bit differently, but yo u will soon pick up how to do it. A hard thing at first is to distinguish "ru" ruform verbs for regular verbs that end in "ru". I will give you the secret to figure them out. A common "ru" verb is "taberu" which is the verb to eat. The "masu" form is "tab emasu" notice how the "ru" completely disappears when made in to "masu" form. Now an example of a regular verb that ends in "ru" is "kaeru" "to return home". Here is the "masu" form: "kaerimasu". Notice how the "ru" changed to "ri". if "ru" changes to "ri" then it is a regula r verb ending in "ru" ruand if "ru" just disappears it is a "ru" verb. First how to make "te" form With "ru" Verbs. RU VERBS Here you take away "ru" and add "te". "to eat" Plain form "Taberu" becomes "Tabete". REGULAR VERBS Regular verbs change in different ways depending on what the ending is in the di ctionary form. I will explain them all. "Ku" ending becomes "ite".

"To write" Plain form "kaku" becomes "kaite". "Gu" ending becomes "ide". "to Swim" Plain form "oyogu" becomes "oyoide". "Su" ending becomes "shite". "to speak" Plain from "hanasu" becomes "hanashite". "Nu" "Bu" and "Mu" endings becomes "nde" nde. "to die" Plain form "shinu" becomes "shinde". "To play" plain form "asobu" becomes "asonde". "to read" Plain form "yomu" becomes "yonde". "tsu", "ru" and "(w)u" endings Becomes "tte". *note! To make the double T sound you use a small hiragana "tsu" stsu before the hiragana "te" teto make the double t. Please check a hiragana source formore info. The "w" in the "wu" is not seen as it comes from old hiragana but has been changed, but it is useful to see where it was used. "to wait" Plain form "matsu" becomes "matte". "to return Home" plain form "kaeru" becomes "kaette". "to buy" Plain form "kau" becomes "katte". * "kau" is a "wu" and the old hiragan a used to be "kawu" but because the "W" was silent they changed it to just use the "u" hiragana. IRREGULAR VERBS Here you just have to learn each one. I'll give two common ones. "to do" plain form "suru" becomes "shite". "to come" plain form "kuru" becomes "kite". Please learn these as they are used in may ways and is very important. The next lesson will give some explanations on how they are used. Ganbatte kudasai Lesson 20 Weather Phrases This lesson will be fairly easy and will teach some ways to talk about the weath er. Today the weather is good.

kyou wa ii tenki desu. kyou (today), wa (topic marker), ii (good), tenki (weather), desu (is). Today the weather is bad. kyou wa warui tenki desu. Yesterday the weather was bad. kinou wa warui tenki deshita. It's raining. Ame ga futte imasu. Ame (rain), ga (subject marker), futte imasu (is raining). Yesterday it rained. kinou wa ame ga furimashita. It's snowing yuki ga futte imasu. It's windy kaze ga fuite imasu. It was windy. kaze ga fukimashita. Tomorrow the weather will probably be good. ashita wa tabun ii tenki deshou. ashita (tomorrow), wa (subject marker), tabun (probably), ii (good), tenki (weat her), deshou (will be). Tomorrow it may rain. ashita wa ame ga furu deshou. I hope you can feet these in to your Japanese Conversations! Thanks and Good Luck! Ganbatte kudasai Lesson 23 likes and dislikes This lesson will cover how to say if we like or dislike something. The word for like is suki and the word for dislike to hate is kirai Suki is pronounced like the English word ski.

Here are some examples. I like Japanese Sake (rice wine) Watashi wa sake ga suki desu. I like Kyoko. Watashi wa Kyouko san ga suki desu. If You really like someone you can but dai in front of suki. I really like Judo. Watashi wa Jyudo ga dai suki desu. Here is a fun play on words using this form. I like skiing Watashi wa suki ga suki desu. (The Japanese word for ski is suki but pronounced almost the same as in English the u is almost silent.) Now to say you dislike something you can say kirai desu in the same pattern. I hate apples Watashi ringo ga kirai desu. The word kirai is a bit strong so a better way to say you dislike something it t o use this phrase amari suki dewa arimasen I dislike apples. Watashi wa ringo wa suki dewa arimasen. Notice that ga changed to wa after ringo. This is because ga changes to wa in a negative sentence. Lesson 24 Wants Part 1 In this lesson we will learn how to say that we want to do something. This is ve ry easy and a very useful thing to learn.

You will use it all the time. Basically what you do is add tai desu to a verb sen ce. I want to go to Japan Watashi wa nihon e ikitai desu. Here 'tai desu' is added to the verb ikimasu. All you do is take off the masu an d put in tai desu. *NOTE: you can not use this for third person I will teach that further on in th is lesson.

Also verbs that use the particle o like in ocha o nomimasu (to drink Japanese te a) change to ga like ocha ga nomitai desu (I want to drink Japanese tea). Here are some more examples: I want to eat sushi. Watashi wa osushi ga tabetai desu. Now to make the negative of this like you don't want to do something you change tai desu to takunai desu. I don't want to swim. watashi wa oyogitaku nai desu. I don't want to go to Japan. Watashi wa nihon e ikitakunai desu. Now for a third person instead of tai desu you use tagatte imasu. It is very imp ortant that you use third person this way as it will be tested often when you study Japanese in school. Keiko wants to go to Japan. Keiko san wa Nihon e ikitagatte imasu. Masahiro wants to eat sushi. Masahiro san wa osushi o tabetagatte imasu. *NOTE Notice how in third person 'o' does not change to 'ga'. Now to say someone does not want to do something you add tagatte imasen. Mika does not want to swim in the ocean. Mika san wa umi de oyogitagatte imasen. Lesson 25 Wants Part 2 In the last lesson we learned how to say that we wanted to do an action, in this lesson we will learn how to say we want something. This is very easy to do. So here goes! To say I want something you use the word hoshii. I want a TV. Watashi wa terebi ga hoshii desu. Do you want a friend?

Anata wa tomodachi ga hoshii desu ka. I want money. Watashi wa okane ga hosii desu. As you see this is very easy! Now to say you don't want something. The word hoshii works like an i adjective as we learned in an earlier lesson so you say hoshikunai desu or hoshiku arimasen. I don't want a camera. Watashi wa kamera ga hoshiku nai desu. Now like the last lesson when talking about a 3rd person wants, you have to use gatte imasu. Keiko wants a car. Keiko san wa kuruma o hoshigatte imasu. Negative sentence Hiromi does not want a pencil. Hiromi san wa enpitsu o hoshigatte imasen. Well practice these! If you have any questions please post them at the forums. Good Luck! Lesson 26 Asking for Permission This lesson will present how to ask if something is allowed or not allowed. This uses the te verb form as learned in a previous lesson. This lesson will tea ch two ways, one using mo ii desu and the other wa ikemasen. To ask for permission you use the te form of verb and add to mo ii desu ka. If not allowed you will hear te form then add wa ikemasen. For example. May I eat the Japanese Orange? Mikan o tabete mo ii desu ka? You may eat the Japanese Orange Mikan o tabete mo iidesu

you may not eat the Japanese orange Mikan o tabete wa ikemasen May I smoke? Tabako o sutte mo iidesu ka? No you may not iie, tabako o sutte wa ikemasen. These are just a few examples so give them a try and make some up yourself and p ost them in the forum!! Thanks and Good Luck! Lesson 27 Dialogue Review 1 This lesson will be the first in a series of dialogue style lessons. First the J apanese dialog will be presented then the English version. I will use different Sentence patter ns we learned in the past lessons. So please use those to help your understanding. If you any questions about the d ialogs please post them here in the club! This will be a very basic First meeting Dialog between Mika San and Keiko San. T his is a very simple dialogue and I will make them more difficult as we go along! Nihongo: Mika: Hajimemashite, Watashi wa Mika Desu. Douzoyoroshiku. Keiko: Hajimemashite, Watashi wa Keiko Desu.Douzoyoroshiku. Mika: Keikosan, daigakusei desu ka? Keiko: Hai Watashi wa daigakusei desu. Anata wa? Mika: Watashi wa Sensei desu. Keiko: Eigo no sensei desu ka? Mika: iie, Nihongo no sensei desu. Keiko: ii desu ne! Mika: Hai, dewe Mata! Keiko: Sayonara! Eigo: Mika: Hi, I am Mika, nice to meet you.

Keiko: Hi, I am Keiko, nice to meet you too. Mika: Kieko, are you a University student? Keiko: Yes, I am a university Student. How about you? Mike: I am a Teacher. Keiko: An English teacher? Mika: No, I am a Japanese teacher. Keiko: Oh that's good! Mika: Yes, well good bye! Mieko: bye! Practice the Japanese one until you can understand it without looking at the Eng lish one. Take care! Thanks and Good Luck! Lesson 28 Dialogue Review 2 This Lesson will be a very basic conversation about the weather. It is a dialogu e between Mika San and Keiko San. Nihongo: Mika: Keiko San Ogenki desu ka. Keiko: Hai, totemo Genki desu. Sensei wa genki desu ka. Mika: Hai, watashi mo genki desu. Kyou no tenki wa ii desu ne. Keiko: Hai, ii desu. Kinou ame ga furimashita. Soshite Samukatta desu. Mika: ee, Totemo Samukatta! Keiko: Ashita wa dou deshou ka. Mika: Ashita wa tabun atsui deshou! Keiko: ii desu! Eigo: Mika: Keiko how are you? Keiko: I am really good, and you sensei?. Mika: I am also good. Today the weather is good! Keiko: Yes it is. Yesterday is rained and it was cold! Mike: Yes it was so cold.

Keiko: What about tomorrow?? Mika: It will probably be hot! Keiko: Oh thats good! Practice the Japanese until you can understand the Japanese version with out lo oking at the English one. Ganbatte kudasai! Lesson 29 Dialogue Review 3 This lesson Will be a conversation about the weather dialog between Masahiro San and Keiko San. It Is just a simple conversation. The Next one will be longer and more complicat ed. Nihongo Z Masahiro: Keiko San Konnichi wa. Keiko: Masahiro San Konnichi wa! Kinou wa nani o shimashita ka. Masahiro: shigoto o shite, eigo no benkyou o shimashita. Keiko: Isogashikatta desu ne. Ashita wa nani o suru tsumori desu ka. Masahiro: Ashita wa yasumu to omoimasu. Kieko: Watsahi mo! Ima Resutoran e ikimashou ka. Masahiro: ee zehi imkimasou yo! Eigo Z: Masahiro: Keiko good day! Keiko: Masahiro San Good day! What did you do yesterday? Masahiro: I worked and I studied English. Keiko: You were busy! What do you intend to do tomorrow? Masahiro: As for tomorrow I intend to rest! Keiko: Me too! lest go to a restaurant now! Masahiro: Yes let's go! Practice the Japanese until you can understand the Japanese version with out lo oking at the English one.

Lesson 30 Dialogue Review 4

This Lesson Will be a conversation between Masahiro San and Keiko San. Please r eview older lessons for grammer explanation. Nihongo: Masahiro: Keiko San Ogenki desu ka. Keiko: iie. Amari genki de wa arimasen. Masahiro: Daijyoubu desu ka. Keiko: ee daijyoubu desu. Kino osake o nomisugimashita. sore de kyou wa onaka ga itai no desu Masahiro: Osake o nomisugite wa ikemasen yo. neta hou ga ii desu Kieko: ee wakarimashita. Masahiro: misosiru o tabete kara nete kudasai. Keiko: ee tabetai desu. Masahiro: Kino doko ni imashita ka. Keiko: Tomodachi no uchi ni imashita. Tanoshikatta desu. Masahiro: Anata wa tomodachi to issho ni osake o nomimashita ne. Keiko: Hai eiga o minagara, osake o nomimashita. Masahiro: Omoshoroi. Keiko: ee sugu nemasu. Masahiro: Wakatta dewa matta. Odaijini. Eigo: Masahiro: Keiko how are you? Keiko: I am not very well. Masahiro: Are you OK? Keiko: Yes I am OK. Yesterday I drank to much Japanese Sake. So my stomach hurts now. Masahiro: Drinking to much Japanese Sake is bad. You better go to sleep. Keiko: Yes I understand that. Masahiro: Eat some Miso soup then sleep. Keiko: Yes I want to eat. Masahiro: Where were you yesterday? Keiko: I was at my friends house yesterday. It was Fun. Masahiro: You drank to much Japanese sake with you friend didn't you.

Keiko: Yes we watched a movie while we drank Japanese Sake. Masahiro: That is interesting. Keiko: Yes I will soon go to bed. Masahiro: OK I understand see you later take care. Lesson 31 Dialogue Review 5 This lesson will be a conversation between Masahiro San and an Ishya (Doctor). Please review older lessonw for grammar explanation. Nihongo: Masahiro: Konnichi wa. Ishya: Konnichi wa. Ikaga desu ka. Masahiro: kino no asa kara nodo ga itai n desu. Ishya: Sou desu ka. Misete kudasai. Totemo akai desu ne. Masahiro: Netsu mo arimasu. Ishya: aa Kaze o hikimashita! Masahiro: Hontou desu ka? Ishya: Hai, Kusuri o nonda hou ga ii desu. Masahiro: Hai, wakarimashita. Ishya: Odaijini. Masahiro: Hai Doumo Arigatou Gozaimasu! Eigo: Z Masahiro: Good day Doctor: Good Day How are you? Masahiro: Since yesterday morning my throat has been sore. Doctor: Is that so? Please let me have a look. Ahh it is very red. Masahiro: I also have a fever. Doctor: You have caught a cold. Masahiro: Are you sure? Doctor: Yes you better take some medicine. Masahiro: Yes I understand.

Doctor: Take care Masahiro: I will. Thanks you very much! Lesson 32 Dialogue Review 6 This lesson Will be the last for this sequence of Dialogues. Next The next lesso n will be grammar lessons again. Every once in a while I will post a Dialogue lesson. This lesson will be a phon e conversation between Masahiro and Keiko. Nihongo: Masahiro: Moshi Moshi Masahiro desu. Keiko: Moshi Moshi Keiko desu. Masa Kun ogenki? Masahiro: Genki desu. Keiko: Saikin nani o shite imasu ka? Masahiro: Shigoto o shitari, benkyo o shitari shite imasu. Anata wa? Keiko: Watashi mo benkyo o shite imashita. Raishuu no getsuyobi ni Kanada e ikim asu. Masahiro: Ii ne! Keiko: Un tanoshii! Masahiro: Ki o tsukete! Keiko: Hai arigatou. Eigo: Z Masahiro: Hello this is Masahiro Keiko: Hello This is Keiko. Masa how are you? Masahiro: I am good. Keiko: Lately what have you been doing? Masahiro: I am have been working and studying and some other things. How about you? Keiko: I also have been studying. Next Monday I will go to Canada. Masahiro: WOw good! Keiko: Yes it will be fun! Masahiro: Take care. Keiko: Yes Thanks. Practice the Japanese until you can understand the Japanese version with out lo oking at the English one.

Lesson 33 Looks like seems like This lesson now goes back the grammar lesson format. In this lesson we will learn how to say something looks like or seems to be so b y using (sou). This is very useful and you will use it often. NOTE: It is important that you learn this correctly because (sou) is used in a s imilar way with a meaning that you heard information form somewhere. This different way of using (sou) will be taug ht in the next lesson. First I will teach how to use (sou) with (i) Adjectives. To say some food looks delicious using the word (oishii). What you do is take of the last (i) and add (sou desu). The important part is that you take of the final (i) and add (sou). Like this: This Sushi look good! Kono osushi wa oishisou desu. That looks heavy sore wa omosou desu. (omoi heavy Sou form is Omosou). Exception ii desu becomes yosasou desu and Nai becomes nasasou desu. So practice this with other (i) adjectives. Now I will explain it for (na) Adjectives. For these kind of adjectives you just add sou desu. Masa looks Kind. Masa san wa shinsetsu sou desu Looks pretty kirei sou desu Now for Verbs. For verbs you make the (masu) form then take (masu) away and add (sou). I looks like it will rain. Ame ga furisou desu. ( So here the (masu) form of (furu) becomes (furimasu) so take (masu) away and y

ou get (furi) and then you add (sou desu) Lesson 34 I heard that This lesson will teach the form of (sou) that means you heard about something fo rm somebody or somewhere. First I will cover how to use the new form of (sou) with (i) adjectives. This is very easy you just put (sou ) after the adjective. I heard the Sushi is good! Osushi wa oishiisou desu. I heard the Kyoko is interesting. Kyoko san wa omoshiroi sou desu. So practice this with other (i) adjectives. Now I will explain it for (na) adjectives. For these Kind of adjectives you have to add da then sou desu. I heard that Kyoko is pretty. Kyoko san wa kirei da sou desu. I heard the Masa is healthy. Masa san wa genki da sou desu. So practice with other (na) adjectives. Now for Verbs For verbs you make the dictionary form and just add sou desu. I heard it will rain. Ame ga furu sou desu. Here is an easy conversation example. I heard form Yukiko that sukiyaki is delicious. Yukiko san no hanashi ni yoru to, sukiyaki wa oishii sou desu. Lesson 35 When This lesson will teach how to say when something happened. For this we used the word toki. Tto say "When I was in Japan i did/went to..) You take the sentence:

nihon ni imashita and turn it to plain form nihon ni ita now to make it "when" y ou just put toki: Nihon ni ita toki. So now to make a full sentence like: When I was in Japan I went to a Hot spring. Nihon ni itta toki, onsen e ikimashita. To say when something happened in different situations you use plain verb past tense or plain form depending on the situation. For example: When I go to Japan I will buy luggage Nihon e iku toki, nimotsu o kaimasu. To make it more polite add niwa after toki Gohan o tabeowatta toki ni wa gochisosama to iimasu ( After Eating you say gochi sosama). Lesson 36 Verb Noun Phrase As you may have noticed in the last lesson we were put verbs in front of the nou n toki. So this week I will teach how you can use verb phrases to describe nouns. This is on the road to more adva nced Japanese so Ganbatte! Now I will show two phases then I will show you how to make it into one phrase. Densha de Tokyo e ikimasu. I will go by train to Tokyo. Sono densha wa doko desu ka? Where is that train? First I take Tokyo e ikimasu and change it to plain form: Tokyo e iku. I will use this phrase to descried the densha so it goes in front: Tokyo e Iku d ensha. So now to add Doko desu ka. Tokyo e iku densha wa doko desu ka? Where is the train that goes to Tokyo. Now as you can see this is not that difficult and you can use it in other ways.

Here are some using the verbs iru and aru Kore wa ringo desu. Ringo wa teeburu no ue ni arimasu. This becomes: Kore wa teburu no ue ni aru ringo desu. The apple which is on the table. Kono hito wa Masa san desu. Watsahi no tonari ni imasu. Watashi no tonari ni iru hito wa Masa san desu. The person who is next to me is Masa. You can also use this in progressive form to describe what someone is doing now. Dare desu ka? Gohan wo tabete imasu. Becomes Gohan o tabete iru hito wa dare desu ka? Who is the person eating a meal? Lesson 37 Reading Review 1 This lesson will be a short reading passage. Please read, and if you have questi ons please post them. Masahiro no Mainichi. Masahiro san wa mainichi 7ji han ni okimasu. Okita kara shawa o abite, asa gohan o tabete, ha o magimasu. 8ji 15fun goro uchi o demasu. Masahiro san no uchi kara daigaku made basu de 25f un gurai kakarimasu. Masahio san no Sensei wa totemo yasahii desu ga, istumo osoi desu. Hiruyasumi wa 1jikan desu. Masahiro san wa ube tsukutta obento o tabemasu. Kurasu wa 3ji han ni owarimasu. 4ji goro uchi e kaerimasu. Sono toki ni Masahiro san wa terebi o mimasu. Shoishite hirugohan o tabemasu. Masahiro san wa 10ji goro nemasu. Neru mae ni ob ento o tsukurimasu. This is Just a short and easy reading to practice your reading skills. It contai ns both easy and difficult grammar. This is written in romaji so for an extra challenge try writting it in Japanese!

Lesson 38 Body Vocabulary This will be an easy vocabulary lesson. We will learn names of the parts of the body! I have aslo added the kanji for each. Body- Karada Hair- Kami Face- Kao Eye- Me nose- Hana Mouth- Kuchi Ears- Mimi Throught- Nodo Neck-Kubi Head- Atama shoulder-Kata Arm- Te Leg- Ashi Upper back-Senaka Lowerback- Koshi Belly- Onaka Belly Button- Heso Wrist- Te kubi Some of the are just general terms arm and such as leg, but practice these vocab ularies you will never know when you need to use them. For example: I have a stomach ache. Onaka ga itai desu. Lesson 39 Directions Part 1 Vocabulary This lesson will give an introduction to directions in Japanese. This lesson wil l introduce the vocabulary and the next lesson will teach you how to use them.

left = hidari right = migi straight = massugu turn = magaru Corner = kado left-hand side= hidarigawai Right hand side= migigawa Bridge= hashi Cross= wataru go= Ikimasu (iku) to= when(this will be explianed in the next lesson) road= michi Lesson 40 Directions Part 2 Grammar This lesson is the continuation of how to give directions in Japanese. Please re fer to the last lesson for the vocabulary for this lesson. First I will give an easy polite way of asking how to get some where. First I will ask: How to get to the bank. Ginko e iku ni wa dou ittara ii no deshou ka. Here is an easy direction sentence pattern. Go straight down this street, on the second corner turn right. When you go a lit tle down that street and the bank is on the right hand side. Kono michi o massugu itte, futatsu me no kado o migi ni magarimasu. Sono michi o sukoshi iku to migi gawai ni Ginko ga arimasu. That is the basic pattern. Here are some other directions see if you can follow them, then create your own. Kono hashi o watatte, sukoshi iku to ooki mise ga arimasu. Kono mise no migi gaw a no michi o sukoshi iku to hidarigawa ni honya ga arimasu. Kono michi o massugu itte, kado o hidari ni magatte, sukoshi iku to Eki ga arima su.