FIQH

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M er i t s of Know l edge



) ( ) = : 11 (
Allah wi ll exalt t hose w ho believe among you
And t hose w ho have know l edge t o high r anks.
(Sur at Al -M uj adal ah:11)




) ` ( ) : 114 (
And say: M y Lor d! Incr ease me in know ledge.
(Sur at Taha: 114)




Abu-Hur ayr ah r epor t ed t hat t he messenger of Allah (r ) sai d:
) ( ) (
A per son who f ol l ow s a pat h f or acqui r i ng know l edge
Al l ah w i l l make easy t he passage f or par adi se f or hi m.
(Coll ect ed by M usli m)








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Isl ami c Pr opagat i on Of f i ce i n Rabw ah / Ri yad 3

Pi l l ar s of Isl am

Def i ni t i on of Isl am:
Submit t i ng t o t he w i ll of Allah (t he only t r ue god w ho deser ves t o be w or shiped) and
obeying his law s.

Fi ve pi l l ar s of Isl am:
Test if ying t hat none has t he r ight t o be w orshiped except All ah, and t hat M ohammed is
t he messenger of All ah.
Est abl ishment of sal aah.
Gi vi ng zakaah.
Fast ing dur ing t he mont h of Ramadan.
M aking haj j (pilgr image) t o M akkah.

1
st
Pi l l ar
(The Shahadah)

Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:
) ( ) : 56 (
And I cr eat ed not t he j inn and mankind except t hey shoul d wor ship me. (Adh-Dhar iyat :56)

) ` ( ) : 162 (
Say, ver ily, my sal aah, my sacr i f ice, my l iving, and my dying ar e f or Allah, t he l or d of all t hat
exist s. (Al-An' aam:162)

Not e: The def ini t ion of w or shi p (' ebaadah) i s ever yt hi ng t hat Al lah loves and is accept abl e
t o him f r om w or ds and deeds; t hey ar e done in f ul l submission, i nw ar dly and out w ar dly, w i t h
si ncer i t y and humil it y.

The Shahadah:
" "
I t est if y t hat none has t he r ight t o be w or shiped except All ah, and t hat M ohammed is t he
messenger of Allah.

3
r d
Pi l l ar
(Gi vi ng Zakaah)

Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:
) ( ) : 56 (
So est abl ish sal aah and give zakaah and obey t he messenger ; t hat you may r eceive
mer cy. (An-Noor :56)

Def i ni t i on of zakaah:
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Isl ami c Pr opagat i on Of f i ce i n Rabw ah / Ri yad 4

Obl igat ory sadaqah (char it y) due on w ealt h; given under cer t ain condit ions t o specif ic
per sons at a specif ic t i me.

Benef i t s of zakaah:
Above al l i t is an act of obedience t o All ah.
Helps t he poor and needy.
Pur if i es a per son f r om gr eed; and t eaches gener osit y.
Pur if i es t he hear t of t he r ecipient f r om envy and j eal ousy against t he r i ch.

For ms of weal t h:
Gold / sil ver / money.
Tr ade goods f or sale: (ex. Vehi cl es, land, animals, f ood, et c..)
Sheep / cow s / camels.
Cer t ain pr oduce of t he ear t h: (ex. Wheat , cor n, dat es, et c..)

Reci pi ent s of zakaah:
All ah (I ) says i n t he Qur an:
) `
) ( : 60 (
Ver il y, sadaqah (char it y) ar e f or t he poor , and t he needy, and f or t hose employed t o coll ect
it , and f or t hose w hose hear t s ar e t o be w on over , and f or f r eei ng slaves, and f or t hose i n
debt , and in t he cause of Al lah, and f or a st r anded t r aveler . This is an obli gat or y dut y
imposed by All ah, and Al lah i s Al l-Know ing, Al l-Wi se. (At -Taw bah: 60)

4
t h
Pi l l ar
(Si yam (Fast i ng) t he M ont h of Ramadan)

Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:
) ` ( ) : 183 (
O you w ho bel ieve! f ast ing i s pr escr ibed t o you as it w as pr escr ibed t o t hose bef or e you
t hat you may achieve t aqw a. (Al-Baqar ah:183)

Def i ni t i on of f ast i ng (si yam) :
Siyam i s a way of w or shi ping Allah by int ent ional y abst ai ni ng f r om f ood, dr i nk, sexual
int er cour se and ot her t hings t hat br eak ones f ast ; f r om daw n t o sundow n.

M er i t s of f ast i ng:
Abu-Hur ayr ah r epor t ed t hat t he M essenger of All ah (r ) said:
"
) " (

Ever y good deed of t he son of Adam i s mul t i pl i ed i n r ew ar d 10 t o 700 t i mes (dependi ng
on one' s i nt ent i on and si ncer i t y), Al l ah (I ) pr ocl ai ms: ' Except f or f ast i ng, f or i t i s f or me
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and I w i l l gr ant t he r ew ar d f or i t . He l eaves hi s passi ons and hi s f ood f or my sake.' t he
f ast i ng per son has t wo moment s of j oy; one when he br eaks hi s f ast and t he ot her w hen
he meet s hi s l or d. And t he smel l t hat comes f r om t he mout h of t he f ast i ng per son i s mor e
pl easant t o Al l ah t han t he smel l of musk. (Collect ed by Al -Bukhar i & M usli m)


Benef i t s of f ast i ng:
Above al l i t is an act of obedience t o All ah.
Tr ains beli ever s in t aqw a (being mindf ul of Al lah & f ear i ng him by doi ng all t hat he
or der ed & avoiding all t hat he f or bade).
Teaches pat ience and sincer it y.


Act s w hi ch i nval i dat e (br eak) f ast i ng:
Eat i ng, dr inking, smoki ng or anyt hing t he same.
Int ent ionaly vomi t ing.
Taking out bl ood i n l ar ge amount .
M enst r uat i on or post -bir t h bl eeding.
Sexual int er course or sexual dischar ge.

Zakat ul -f i t r :
One sa' a (4 handf uls) appr oximat ely 2. 5 kg. Of basic f ood of a count r y (ex. Wheat , r i ce,
cor n, et c..)
Gi ven by ever y M usli m t o t he poor and needy.
One or t w o days bef or e ' Eid pr ayer .

5
t h
Pi l l ar
(M aki ng Haj j (Pi l gr i mage) t o M akkah)

Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:
) ( ) : 97 (
Pilgr image t o t he house is a dut y mankind ow es t o Allah, t hose w ho ar e able t o make t he
j our ney; but if t hey deny f ait h, Al lah i s not in need of any of hi s cr eat ions. (Al -' Imr an : 97)

The meani ng behi nd haj j :
Aa ishah r epor t ed t hat t he pr ophet (r ) said:
" ) " (
The t aw af f of t he house (ka' bah) and (t he sa' i y) bet w een Saf a and M ar wah and t he
t hr ow i ng of t he j amar at wer e set up f or t he r emembr ance of Al l ah. (Coll ect ed by Ahmad,
Abu Daw ood & At -Ti r mi dhi)

M er i t s of haj j :
Abu-Hur ayr ah r epor t ed t hat t he M essenger of Allah (r ) sai d:
" ) " (
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He who makes haj j f or Al l ah and avoi ds obscene l anguage and i mmor al behavi or , w i l l
r et ur n (w i t hout hi s si ns) l i ke t he day hi s mot her gave bi r t h t o hi m. (Coll ect ed by Al-
Bukhar i & M uslim)

Abu-Hur ayr ah r epor t ed t hat t he M essenger of Allah (r ) sai d:
" ) " (
One umr ah t o anot her umr ah er ases si ns commi t t ed bet w een t hem and haj j (accept ed
by Al l ah) has no r ew ar d except al -j annah (par adi se). (Col lect ed by Al -Bukhar i & M uslim)

Benef i t s of haj j :
Above al l i t is an act of obedience t o All ah.
Show s t he univer salit y of Islam.
Reminds us of t he day of j udgement .

2
nd
Pi l l ar
(Est abl i shment of Sal aah)

Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:
Ibr aheem (u ) asks All ah' s suppor t in his dut y saying:
) ` ` ( ) : 40 (
O my Lor d! make me one w ho est abl ishes salaah and also f r om my of f spr ing (Ibr aheem
:40)

Al lah (I ) spoke t o M usa (u ) saying:
) ( ) : 14 (
( And est abli sh sal aah f or my r emembr ance) (Taaha :14)

' Issa (u ) says of Al lah (I ):
) ( ) : 31 (
( And he has enj oined on me salaah and zakaah as long as i l ive) (M ar iam : 31)

Al lah (I ) or der s M ohammed (r ) saying:
) ( ) : 45 (
( Recit e w hat w as r evealed t o you of t he book and est abl ish salaah) (al -' Ankaboot :45)

Al lah (I ) or der s t he beli ever s saying:
) ( ) : 103 (
( Est abl ish salaah, f or salaah has been enj oi ned on t he bel iever s at st at ed t imes) (an-Nisaa
:103)

Impor t ance of sal aah:
Al lah (I ) says in t he Qur an:
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Isl ami c Pr opagat i on Of f i ce i n Rabw ah / Ri yad 7

) ( ) : 45 (
( Cer t ai nl y does sal aah pr event gr eat sin and evil deeds) (al-' Ankaboot :45)

Al lah (I ) says in t he Qur an:
) ( ) ( ) : 34 35 (
( And t hose w ho guar d t hei r pr ayer s w ell)
( Such shal l dw el l i n t he gar dens honour ed) (al-M a' aar ij :34 & 35)

Anas ibn M aalik said:
"
) " (
" Salaah w as made obl igat or y on t he Pr ophet (r ) t he ni ght of his ascension t o t he heavens
(Isr aa & M ' i r aaj ) 50 i n number , but w er e r educed (sever al t i mes) unt il t hey w er e 5. t hen it
was pr oclaimed: O M ohammed, f or t here i s no change i n my or der , f or t hese 5 you w ill have
50 (in r ewar d). " (Collect ed by Ahmad & At -Ti r midhi )

Abu-Hur ayr ah r epor t ed t hat t he messenger of all ah (r ) said:
"
) " (
" What do you t hi nk i f one of you had a r i ver r unni ng past hi s door and he bat hed i n i t 5
t i mes a day, w oul d any di r t r emai n on hi m?" They r epl i ed: " No di r t w oul d r emai n on
hi m." The (t he Pr ophet ) sai d: " l i kewi se i s t he 5 t i mes of sal aah by w hi ch al l ah er ases si ns."
(Col lect ed by Al -Bukhar i & M uslim)

Abu-Hur ayr ah r epor t ed t hat t he M essenger of Allah (r ) sai d:
" ) " (
" The f i r st t hi ng a per son w i l l be t aken t o account f or on t he day of j udgement f r om hi s
deeds w i l l be hi s sal aah. i f i t i s sat i sf act or y, he w i l l be successf ul and pass. and i f i t i s not
sat i sf act or y, he w i l l have f ai l ed and l ost ." (Collect ed by At -Tir midhi & Ibn M aaj a)

Bur aidah r epor t ed t hat t he Pr ophet (r ) said:
" ) " (
" What i s bet ween us and t hem i s sal aah. Whoever abandons i t has di sbel i eved."
(Col lect ed by At -Tir midhi)

Tahaar ah
(M or al & Physi cal Pur i f i cat i on)

M or al pur i f i cat i on: (pur if i cat ion of t he hear t )
Fr om kuf ur (disbelief ) and nif aq (hypocr isy).
Fr om anger and hat e of your M uslim br ot her .


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Physi cal pur i f i cat i on:
Pur if icat ion f r om act s w hi ch br eak physi cal t ahaar ah. (ex. Ur inat ing, sexual int er cour se
wi t h w i f e, et c.. )
Removal of naj asah (impur e subst ances) (ex. Ur ine, f eces, et c. .).

Wudoo
(Abl ut i on)
Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:

) ( ) : 6 (

( O you w ho believe, w hen you r i se f or salaah, w ash your f aces & hands t o t he elbow s and
wi pe your heads, and (w ash) your f eet up t o t he ankl es) (al -M aa idah: 6)

M er i t s of w udoo:
Abu -Hur ayrah r epor t ed t hat t he M essenger of All ah (r ) said:
"

) " (
" When a M usl i m or a bel i ever makes w udoo and w ashes hi s f ace, ever y si n commi t t ed
wi t h hi s eyes i s w ashed aw ay f r om hi s f ace wi t h w at er or w i t h t he l ast dr op of wat er . And
when he washes hi s hands ever y si n commi t t ed wi t h hi s hands i s w ashed aw ay f r om hi s
hands w i t h wat er or w i t h t he l ast dr op of wat er . And when he w ashes hi s f eet ever y si n
t ow ar ds w hi ch hi s f eet had t aken hi m i s washed away wi t h w at er or wi t h t he l ast dr op of
wat er , unt i l he comes out pur e f r om al l si ns." (Coll ect ed by M usli m)

Al i i bn Abi Taali b r epor t ed t hat t he M essenger of Allah (r ) sai d:
" ) " (
The key f or sal aah i s t ahaar ah. (Col lect ed by Abu Daw ood & At -Tir midhi)

Condi t i ons of w udoo:
Neeyah (i nt ent ion) t o at t ain t ahaar ah.
Use of pur e wat er :
Pur e w at er : (ex. Rai n, ocean, w el l w at er , et c.. )
Impur e w at er : wat er mi xed w it h naj asah (impur e subst ance) t hat changes t ast e, color or
smel l of w at er .

Exposing ski n:
Removing anyt hing t hat pr event s w at er f r om t ouchi ng t he par t s of t he body f or w udoo
(ex. Pai nt , t ight w at ch, et c..)
How w udoo i s made:
Far dh (obl igat or y) act s of w udoo:
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Washi ng t he w hole f ace (includi ng w ashing t he mout h & nose).
Washi ng bot h ar ms t o t he el bow s.
Wipi ng t he head and ear s.
Washi ng bot h f eet t o t he ankles.
M aking w udoo i n or der and w it hout pause.

Sunnah (opt i onal) act s of w udoo:
Saying: " " " bismill ah" (In t he Name of All ah).
Washing t he hands 3 t imes (obl igat or y af t er night sleep), and cleaning in bet w een t he
f inger s.
Washi ng t he mout h & nose 3 t imes.
Washi ng t he w hole f ace 3 t i mes.
Running ones f inger s t hr ough hi s bear d w it h w at er .
Washi ng t he r i ght t hen lef t ar m t o t he elbow s 3 t imes.
Wi ping head f r om f r ont t o back t hen back t o f r ont once & wi ping out er ear wi t h t humbs
& inner ear w it h i ndex f inger s.
Washi ng t he r i ght t hen lef t f oot t o t he ankles 3 t imes.
Dua' a af t er w udoo: (so as t o combi ne physi cal & mor al t ahaar ah)
" "
" "
" Ash-hadual l aa i l aaha i l l al l aahu wahdahoo l aa shar eeka l ah, w a ash-hadu anna
muhammadan abduhoo w a r asool uh."
" Al l ahummaj -' al nee mi nat -t aw w aabeena w aj -' al nee mi nal -mut at ah-hi r een."
(I t est i f y t hat none has t he r i ght t o be wor shi ped except Al l ah al one, w i t hout any par t ner ,
and I t est i f y t hat M ohammed i s hi s sl ave and messenger ).
(O Al l ah, make me of t hose t hat const ant l y r epent and of t hose w ho ar e pur i f i ed).


Act s t hat i nval i dat e (br eak) wudoo:
Hadat h asghar : (mi nor def il ement s w hi ch r equi r e wudoo)
Passing w i nd or ur ine or f eces.
Deep sleep or loss of consciousness.
Touching pr ivat e par t s w it hout bar r ier (passionat el y).
Eat i ng camel meat .

Wi pi ng over Socks

Wi pi ng over socks:
Al-M ughir ah ibn Sh' ubah sai d:
" " ) (
I w as w i t h t he Pr ophet (r ) (w hen he w as making w udoo) I bent t o r emove hi s khuf f s
(leat her socks). He sai d t o me, l eave t hem f or I had put t hem on i n a st at e of t ahaar ah. So
he w i ped over t hem. (Col lect ed by Al-Bukhar i & M uslim)
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Condi t i ons of w i pi ng over socks:
One must be in a st at e of t ahaar ah bef or e put t ing t hem on.
They must be f r ee f r om naj asah (impur e subst ances).
They must be halaal (Islami caly l aw f ul).
They should cover t he f eet up t o t he ankles.
Wipi ng must not exceed per mit t ed t ime li mi t :
Resident s = One day & night (24 hour s).
Tr aveler s = Thr ee days & ni ght s (72 hours).
Not e: The per mi t t ed t ime limit begins f r om t he f ir st w ipe.


How w i pi ng i s made:
Wet hands.
Pass hands over t op of f oot . (f r om t he end of t he t oes t o t he beginning of t he leg).
Wipe r ight f oot w it h r ight hand and lef t f oot w it h l ef t hand.


Act s t hat i nval i dat e w i pi ng:
Removal of socks.
Act s w hich r equir e ghusl (complet e bat h).
End of per mi t t ed t ime limit .

Ghusl
(Compl et e Bat h)

Al l ah says i n t he Qur an:
) ( ) : 6 (
( If you ar e in a st at e of j anaba (sexual dischar ge), pur if y your self ) (al-M aa idah :6)

Cases t hat r equi r e ghusl :
When one becomes a M usli m.
When a M usli m dies (ghusl is given t o hi m).
Hadat h akbar : (maj or def i lement s w hi ch r equir e ghusl)
Sexual dischar ge: (f r om huggi ng & kissing w if e, w et dr eam, et c..).
Sexual int er course (even wi t hout dischar gi ng).
Af t er menst r uat ing per i od (f or w omen).
Af t er post -bir t h bleeding (f or w omen).
How ghusl i s made:
Far d (obli gat or y) act s of ghusl:
Neeyah (i nt ent ion) t o at t ain t ahaar ah.
Washi ng t he ent i r e body (incl udi ng w ashing t he mout h and nose).
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Isl ami c Pr opagat i on Of f i ce i n Rabw ah / Ri yad 11

Sunnah (opt i onal) act s of ghusl :
Saying: " " " bismill ah" (i n t he name of Al lah).
Washi ng hands 3 t imes.
Washi ng pr i vat e par t s w it h lef t hand.
M aking w udoo.
Washi ng hair 3 t i mes.
Washi ng ent ir e body beginning f r om r i ght t hen lef t side.

Act s t hat r equi r e t ahaar ah:
Act s t hat ar e har am (f or bi dden) t o do w it hout wudoo:
M aking salaah.
M aking t aw af f of t he ka' bah.
Touching t he Qur an.
Act s t hat ar e har am (f or bi dden) t o do w it hout ghusl:
Al l act s t hat ar e har am t o do w it hout wudoo.
Reading Qur an i n gener al or out of memor izat i on.
Sit t ing in a masj id.

Condi t i ons of Sal aah

Isl am
Puber t y
Sani t y
Ent r ance of t i me:

Cover i ng t he ' aw r ah:
M en: f r om t he navel t o t he knees.
Obl i gat or y
Sal aah
No. Of
Rak' ahs
Ti mes of
Sal aah
Al-Faj r 2 r ak' ahs
Fr om t he br eak of dawn
unt il j ust bef or e sunr ise
Ad-Dhuhr 4 r ak' ahs
Just af t er mid-day
unt il mi d-af t er noon.
Al-' Asr 4 r ak' ahs
Fr om mid-af t er noon
unt il sundow n.
Al-M aghr ib 3 r ak' ahs
Fr om af t er sundow n unt i l
daylight ends.
Al-' Isha 4 r ak' ahs
Fr om t he end of maghr ib
t ime, unt il mid-night .
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Isl ami c Pr opagat i on Of f i ce i n Rabw ah / Ri yad 12

Women: all of t he body except t he hands & f ace dur ing salaah.

Tahaar ah: (pur if icat ion)
Hadat h asghar : (mi nor def ilement s which r equir e w udoo).
Hadat h akbar : (maj or def i lement s w hi ch r equir e ghusl).

Removal of naj asah: (i mpur e subst ances)
Body
Clot hes
Place of sal aah
Faci ng t he qi bl ah: (t he ka' bah in M akkah)
Neeyah: (i nt ent ion i n t he hear t ) t o make a specif ic salaah.

How Sal aah Is M ade?

How sal aah i s made:
M al ik ibn al -Huair it h r epor t ed t hat t he Pr ophet (r ) said:
" ) " (
Pr ay as you have seen me pr ayi ng. (Coll ect ed by Al-Bukhar i)

Qi yam: (st anding posi t ion)
Takbeer at ul -i hr aam:
Raise hands t o t he ear or shoul der level and say: " " " Allahu akbar " (Allah is t he most
gr eat )
Place r ight hand over lef t hand on t he chest ar ea.
Eyes should be f ocused on place of suj ood.
Recit e du aa al-i st if t aah (opening du aa ):
" "
" Subhaanaka al l aahumma w a bi hamdi k, w a t abaar aka i smuka w a t a' aal a j adduk, w a l aa
i l aaha ghayr uk."

(Gl or i f i ed You ar e O Al l ah and pr ai sed, bl essed i s Your Name, and exal t ed i s Your M aj est y,
and none has t he r i ght t o be wor shi ped except You).

Reci t i ng soor at al -Fat i hah:
Fir st say: " " A' udhu bi llaahi minash-shayt aani r r aj eem (I seek r ef uge
in All ah f r om t he accur sed sat an)
Then say: " " " Bi smil laahi r r ahmaanir r aheem" (In t he name of All ah w hose
mer cy encompasses ever yt hing, t he mer cif ul)
Then r ecit e al -Fat ihah:
Not e: Af t er r ecit i ng al-Fat ihah you shoul d say: " " " aameen" (O All ah, answ er our
pr ayer s)
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Isl ami c Pr opagat i on Of f i ce i n Rabw ah / Ri yad 13

Then you could r eci t e any ot her soor ah or ayah.
Rukoo' :
Raise hands t o t he ear or shoul der level and say: " " " All ahu akbar " (Allah is t he
most gr eat )
Whi le i n r ukoo' , say pr ef er ably 3 t imes: " " " Subhaana r abbi al-' Adheem"
(Glor y t o my lor d, t he exalt ed)
St andi ng upr i ght f r om r ukoo' :
Whil e r i si ng f r om r ukoo' , r aise hands t o t he ear or shoulder level and say: " "
Sami' Al lahu liman hamidah (Al lah hear s t hose w ho pr aise him)
Not e: This i s sai d onl y by t he i mam & w hi le pr ayi ng alone.

Then say: " " " r abbanaa w alakal hamd" (our l or d, pr ai se be t o you)
Not e: This i s sai d by ever yone.
Suj ood:
Whil e goi ng t o suj ood say: " " " Allahu akbar " (All ah is t he most gr eat )
Whil e i n suj ood, say pr ef er abl y 3 t i mes: " " " Subhaana rabbi al-A' laa" (Glor y
t o my Lor d, t he M ost Hi gh)
Dur ing suj ood, 7 par t s of t he body shoul d be t ouching t he gr ound.
(f or ehead & nose) (bot h palms) (bot h knees) (bot h f eet )
Si t t i ng bet w een t he t w o suj ood:
When r i si ng f r om suj ood say: " " " Allahu akbar " (All ah is t he most gr eat )
Whil e sit t i ng bet w een t he t w o suj ood, say pr ef er ably 3 t imes: " " " r abbi ighf i r lee"
(my Lor d, f or gi ve me)

Suj ood: (again)
Whil e goi ng t o suj ood say: " " " All ahu akbar " (All ah is t he most gr eat )
While in suj ood, say pr ef er ably 3 t imes: " " " Subhaana r abbi al-A' laa" (Glor y
t o my Lor d, t he most high)

Qi yam: (agai n)
Whi le r ising up say: " " " Allahu akbar " (Al lah is t he most gr eat )
Not e: The pr evi ous act s ar e all cal led one r ak' ah.

Fi r st t ashahhud:
Whi le sit t ing dur i ng t he second r ak' ah you should say:
"
"
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" At -t aheeyaat u l i l l aahi w as sal aaw aat u wat t ayyi baat , as-sal aamu ' al ayka ayyuhan nabee
wa r ahmat ul l aahi w a bar akaat uh, as-sal aamu ' al aynaa w a ' al aa ' i baadul l aahi s saal i heen.
Ash-hadu al l a i l aha i l l a-al l ah w a ash-hadu anna mohammadan ' abduhu w a r asool uh."

(Al l compl i ment s, pr ayer s and good deeds ar e due t o Al l ah. Peace be upon you O Pr ophet ,
and t he mer cy of Al l ah and hi s bl essi ngs, peace be upon us and on t he r i ght eous
wor shi per s of Al l ah. I t est i f y t hat none has t he r i ght t o be w or shi ped except Al l ah, and I
t est i f y t hat M ohammed i s hi s sl ave and messenger ).


Last Tashahhud:
Whil e si t t ing dur ing t he last r ak' ah, you should say t he f ir st t ashahhud t hen say:
"
"
" Al l aahumma sal l i ' al aa mohammedi n w a ' al aa aal i M ohammed, kamaa sal ayt a ' al aa
Ibr aaheema w a ' al aa aal i Ibr aaheem. Innaka hameedun maj eed. Al l aahumma baar i k ' al aa
M ohammedi n w a ' al aa aal i M ohammed, kamaa baar akt a ' al aa Ibr aaheema w a ' al aa aal i
Ibr aaheem. Innaka hameedun maj eed."

(O Al l ah, pr ai se M ohammed and t he f ami l y [ f ol l ow er s] of M ohammed, j ust as You pr ai sed
Ibr aheem and t he f ami l y [ f ol l ower s] of Ibr aheem. Ver i l y You ar e Pr ai sew or t hy and M ost
Gl or i ous. O Al l ah, bl ess M ohammed and t he f ami l y [ f ol l ow er s] of M ohammed, j ust as You
bl essed Ibr aheem and t he f ami l y [ f ol l ower s] of Ibr aheem. Ver i l y You ar e Pr ai sew or t hy and
M ost Gl or i ous).

Af t er t he l ast t ashahhud, a du aa' shoul d also be said:
" "
Al l aahumma i nnee a' udhu bi ka mi n ' adhaabi j ahannam, w ami n ' adhaabi l qabr , w a mi n
f i t nat i l mahyaa w al mamaat , w a mi n f i t nat i l maseehi d daj j aal .

(O Al l ah, I seek r ef uge i n You f r om t he puni shment of t he hel l f i r e, and f r om t he
puni shment of t he gr ave, and f r om t he t r i al s of l i vi ng and dyi ng, and f r om t he t r ai l s of t he
Fal se M essi ah).

Tasl eem:
At t he end of t he salaah, t ur n your f ace t o t he r i ght sayi ng: " " " As-
salaamu ' al aykum w a r ahmat ullaah"
(Peace and Allah' s mer cy be upon you)

Then t ur n your f ace t o t he lef t saying t he same.
Cal mness: (i n doi ng each act of sal aah)

Ar kaan As-sal aah
(Pi l l ar s of Sal aah)
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Qi yam. Sit t i ng bet w een t he t w o suj ood.

Takbeer at ul -ihr aam. Sit t i ng f or t he last t ashahhud.

Recit ing al -Fat ihah. Recit i ng t he l ast t ashahhud.

Rukoo' . Tasleem.

St andi ng upr ight Cal mness in doing each act
f r om r ukoo' .

Suj ood (t w ice). M aking act s in or der .

Not e: I f one int ent ionaly leaves a pil lar , he must r epeat hi s salaah. If one unint ent i onaly
leaves a pill ar , he must r et ur n and make t he mi ssed pill ar , t hen at t he end of t he sal aah
makes suj ood us-sahw (suj ood t o make up f or f or get f ul ness).

Waj i baat as-sal aah
(obl i gat i ons of sal aah)

Al l t he t akbeer s except f or t akbeer at ul-i hr aam.
Saying: " Subhaana r abbi al-' Adheem."
Saying: " Sami a All ahu l iman hami dah."
Saying: " r abbanaa w al akal hamd."
Saying: " subhaana r abbi al -A' l aa."
Saying: " r abbi ighf ir l ee."
Sit t ing f or t he f ir st t ashahhud.
Recit ing f ir st t ashahhud.

Not e: If one int ent i onaly leaves an obl igat ion, he must r epeat hi s sal aah. If one un-
int ent i onaly l eaves an obl igat ion, he does not need t o r et ur n and make t he mi ssed
obl igat i on, but at t he end of t he salaah makes suj ood us-sahw .

Sunan as-Sal aah
(Opt i onal Act s of Sal ah)

Placi ng r ight hand over lef t hand on t he chest ar ea.
Recit ing du aa al-i st i f t aah.
Raisi ng hands f or t akbeer .
Recit ing mor e t han al-Fat i hah.
Du aa af t er last t ashahhud.
Raisi ng index f inger .
Act s t hat nul l i f y (br eak) sal aah

Int ent i onaly leaving a r ukun (pi llar ) or uni nt ent ionaly leaving a r ukun w it hout r et ur ning
and making up t hat pill ar .
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Int ent ionaly l eavi ng a w aj i b (obl igat i on).
Int ent ionaly l eavi ng a condit i on of salaah.
Loss of t ahaar ah.
Int ent ionaly t al ki ng or laughing.
Int ent ionaly eat ing or dr inking.
Excessi ve movement s w hich ar e not par t of salaah.


Act s t hat ar e makr ooh (di sl i ked) dur i ng sal aah

Raisi ng ones eyes t o t he sky or closing t hem or looking ar ound.
M aking unnecessar y movement s.
Pr aying w hile needing t o ur inat e or def ecat e.
Pr aying at t he t ime f ood has been ser ved and one desir es t o eat .
Pr aying i n a place t hat has pi ct ur es or idol s.