FINAL DESONIDE

DESCRIPTION: Desonide Lotion 0.05% contains desonide (Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 11,21dihydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-, (11,16-) a synthetic nonfluorinated corticosteroid for topical dermatologic use. The corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used topically as anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic agents. Chemically, desonide is C24H32O6. It has the following structural formula: Desonide has the molecular weight of 416.51. It is a white to off white odorless powder which is soluble in methanol and practically insoluble in water. Each gram of Desonide Lotion contains 0.5 mg of desonide in a base of sodium lauryl sulfate, light mineral oil, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, propylene glycol, methylparaben, propylparaben, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl stearate SE, edetate sodium, citric acid anhydrous and purified water. May also contain additional citric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. USAGE What Is Desonide Lotion? Desonide is a topical corticosteroid that is often prescribed to treat mild to moderate itching, discomfort, swelling and redness caused by various skin conditions , such as
eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, and allergic reactions.

. It works by activating some of the body's natural substances to reduce these symptoms, according to the National Institutes of Health. It is available as a lotion, cream or ointment. Desonide lotion is sold under the brand names DesOwen and LoKara.

Actions

Precise mechanism of action for topical anti-inflammatory activity is unknown; therapeutic benefit in the management of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses mediated primarily through anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive actions.c d e f g h Anti-inflammatory effects may occur through induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins (lipocortins); decreased arachidonic acid release from membrane phospholipids.d e f g h Decreased arachidonic acid precursors may downregulate biosynthesis of potent inflammatory mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, leukotrienes).d e f g h Decreases inflammation by stabilizing leukocyte lysosomal membranes, preventing release of destructive acid hydrolases from leukocytes; inhibiting macrophage accumulation in inflamed areas; reducing leukocyte adhesion to capillary endothelium; reducing capillary wall permeability and edema formation; decreasing complement components; antagonizing histamine activity and release of kinin from substrates; reducing fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, and subsequent scar tissue formation; and possibly by other mechanisms as yet unknown.b

Desonide Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Bioavailability
Topically applied desonide can be absorbed through normal intact skin.b c d e f g h Percutaneous penetration of corticosteroids following topical application to the skin varies among individuals and may be increased by occlusive dressings, high corticosteroid concentrations, and certain vehicles.b d e f g h Only minimal amounts of topical corticosteroid reach the dermis and subsequently the systemic circulation after application to most normal skin areas; more absorption occurs from the scrotum, axilla, eyelid, face, and scalp than from the forearm, knee, elbow, palm, and sole.b Absorption is markedly increased by loss of the skins keratin layer and by inflammation and/or diseases of the epidermal barrier (e.g., psoriasis, eczema).b f g h

Distribution
Extent
Not known whether topical desonide is distributed into milk.c d e f g h

Elimination
Metabolism
Once absorbed through the skin, topically applied corticosteroids are metabolized primarily in the liver.b c d f

Elimination Route
Topical corticosteroids and metabolites are excreted by the kidneys and, to a lesser extent, in bile.b c d
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics Onset of action: ~7 days Absorption: Extensive from scalp, face, axilla, and scrotum; adequate through epidermis on appendages; may be increased with occlusion or addition of penetrants (eg, urea, DMSO) Metabolism: Hepatic Excretion: Primarily urine Top Dosage Corticosteroid responsive dermatoses: Topical: Apply 2-4 times/day sparingly. Therapy should be discontinued when control is achieved; if no improvement is seen, reassessment of diagnosis may be necessary. Top

Administration Do not use on open wounds; apply sparingly to occlusive dressingsf

An Overview of Desonide Lotion Interactions

Desonide lotion (DesOwen) is generally unlikely to interact with other medications. However, there are a few potential drug interactions that may occur. Some of the drugs that can lead to reactions with desonide lotion include but are not limited to:

Aldesleukin (Proleukin) Corticorelin (Acthrel).

Drug Interactions With Desonide Lotion Explained

The following sections explain in detail the potentially negative reactions that can occur when desonide lotion is combined with any of the drugs listed above. Aldesleukin Corticosteroids, including desonide lotion, can make aldesleukin (a chemotherapy medication) less effective. In general, these medications should not be used together. Corticorelin Corticosteroids, including desonide lotion, can make corticorelin less effective. Corticorelin is used as a diagnostic agent in tests for Cushing's syndrome or other similar problems. If you are being tested for Cushing's disease, make sure your healthcare provider knows you have been using desonide lotion.

Overdose

You could receive an overdose of medication if you apply too much desonide lotion or use it for longer than prescribed. Desonide lotion overdose symptoms can include changes in your vision, muscle weakness, intense or persistent headache, high blood sugar indications and unexpected weight gain, particularly in the face, according to Drugs.com. If you suspect an overdose of desonide lotion, call your doctor or go to the emergency room.

Possible side effects of Desonide Lotion:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome: Mild, temporary stinging or burning when first applied. Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur: Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); acne-like rash; inflamed hair follicles; inflammation around the mouth; severe or persistent burning, dryness, irritation, peeling, redness, or swelling of the skin; thinning, softening, or discoloration of the skin.