LANDMARK HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS_UNIT PLAN Q3_10_Unit 3

10th Grade Weeks 4-6 Enduring Understanding:

How we can apply what we know about angle relationships, transformational geometry and the Pythagorean Theorem to justify various properties of circles?
Unit Title Length of Unit Essential Questions(s)

All About Circles 2 weeks (13 Instructional Days)

Can all three-dimensional figures be generated from the transformations (translation and rotation) of twodimensional planes? What is the relationship between the angle of the cut with the base of a three-dimensional figure and the shape of the cross-section resulted from the dissection? What are the real life significance and application of the geometric concepts in conic sections?

Big Ideas:

CONTENT
In a circle or in congruent circles, o central angles are congruent if and only if their intercepted arcs are congruent. o two chords are congruent if and only if their central angles are congruent. o two chords are congruent if and only if their arcs are congruent. The proportional relationships between the length of an arc of a circle and o the measure of the central angle. o its radius if the central angles are congruent. Area of a sector of a circle. The relationships between a chord in a circle and the center of the circle: o A diameter perpendicular to a chord bisects the chord and its arcs. o The perpendicular bisector of the chord of a circle contains the center of the circle. o Two chords of a circle are equidistant from the center of the circle if and only if the chords are congruent. The relationship between tangents and the circle. o A line is tangent to a circle if and only if it is perpendicular to a radius at its point of intersection with the circle. o Tangent segments drawn to a circle from an external point are congruent. The relationship between the measures of angle(s) of a circle (formed by a tangent and a chord, or two intersecting chords, or those formed by tangents and secants) and the measure of the intercepted arcs. The relationship between the measures of tangent segments, secant segments and chords. Use Pythagorean Theorem to generate the center-radius equation of a circle with radius r and center (h,k) as (x-h)2+(y-k)2=r2 Use graphical representations to interpret the relationship between the focus and the directrix of a parabola and to generate the equation (x h)2 +(y k)2 =[y (-k)] 2 where (h, k) is the focus and y = -k is the directrix.

PROCESS

Using dissection and reallocation of shapes to investigate geometric relationship. Use diagraming to understand the problem situation and to reveal additional geometric relationships. Documentation of the problem solving process (making lists, tables, use of diagramsetc) Using both examples and nonexamples as evidence for justification. Building a logical sequence of reasoning using known theorems and geometric relationships as bases to convince and to prove.

Open-Ended and/or Non-Routine Problems and Mathematical Investigations

A list of possible problems to use is attached in this document. Interactive Investigations Cross Sections http://www.learner.org/courses/learningmath/geometry/session9/part_c/index.html http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/CrossSectionFlyer/ Interactive Investigations Conic Sections http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/ConicFlyer/ http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=195

Interactive practice Algebra Tiles: multiplying binomials & factoring polynomials http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=216 Interactive practice Function Matching: relationship between equations and their corresponding graphs. http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=215 Investigation Circles and Triangles A clip from an episode of Fringe http://www.hulu.com/watch/328389/fringe-welcome-to-westfield?c=2106:2181 Interactive Exploration to use along with the clip from Fringe clip Hospital Locator http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?id=156 Interactive Exploration to explore the location of the center of a circle inscribed in a triangle http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?id=157

Standard /Skills

Common Core Standard

G-C.2.Identify and describe relationships among inscribed angles, radii, and chords. Include the relationship between central, inscribed, and circumscribed angles; inscribed angles on a diameter are right angles; the radius of a circle is perpendicular to the tangent where the radius intersects the circle. G-C.3.Construct the inscribed and circumscribed circles of a triangle, and prove properties of angles for a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle. G-C.5. Derive using similarity the fact that the length of the arc intercepted by an angle is proportional to the radius, and define the radian measure of the angle as the constant of proportionality; derive the formula for the area of a sector. G-GMD.5. Identify the shapes of two-dimensional cross-sections of three- dimensional objects, and identify three-dimensional objects generated by rotations of two-dimensional objects. G-GPE.1.Derive the equation of a circle of given center and radius using the Pythagorean Theorem; complete the square to find the center and radius of a circle given by an equation. G-GPE.2.Derive the equation of a parabola given a focus and directrix.

Mathematical Practices 1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively. 3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. 4. Model with mathematics. 5. Use appropriate tools strategically. 6. Attend to precision. 7. Look for and make use of structure. 8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.

Learning Targets

Standard

Learning Targets (corresponding to the above standards)

Students will be able to i. identify and differentiate all parts of a circle including radii, diameter, chord, tangent, arc, central angle, and sector. ii. identify and differentiate between inscribed and circumscribed angles in a circle. iii. justify why all inscribed angles on a diameter are right angles.; iv. state that the radius of a circle is perpendicular to the tangent where the radius intersects the circle. Students will be able to i. construct the inscribed and circumscribed circles of a triangle. ii. prove properties of angles for a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle. Students will be able to i. find the length of an arc when given the measure of the central angle. ii. explain how the length of the arc intercepted by an angle is proportional to the radius. iii. Derive the formula for the area of a sector. Students will be able to i. identify the shapes of two-dimensional cross-sections of three- dimensional objects, ii. identify three-dimensional objects generated by rotations of two-dimensional objects. Students will be able to use Pythagorean Theorem to generate the center-radius equation of a circle when the coordinate of the center and its radius are given Students will be able to derive an equation for a parabola when the coordinate of the focus and the directrix are given.

1 G-C.2

2 G-C.3

3 G-C.5

4 G-GMD.5

5 G-GPE.1 6 G-GPE.2

Assessments (formative/summative)

Assessment

Learning targets Assessed

DOK; Recall Basic Application of skills/knowledge Strategic Thinking, Extended Thinking Skills/knowledge Strategic Thinking Strategic Thinking Skills/knowledge Skills/knowledge, Extended Thinking

Diagnostic Formative Formative Formative Summative Formative

Summative/Formative

Pre-Assessment Circle in Trapezoid in Circle Slicing Cubes and Polygon Shadows Quiz Project: Students are to choose one of the following topics for their independent project. (1) Design and build a parabolic solar marshmallow roaster. (2) Design and provide a solution of an original Sangaku puzzle. (3) Solving a problem involving navigation and triangulation. Post-Assessment

all 1, 2 1,2, 3 4 2, 3, 4 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

all

Skills/knowledge

Vocabulary: Circle, radius, radii, diameter, center, circumference, diameter, chord, arc, central angle, sector, semi-circle, half circles, congruent, corresponding vertices, corresponding sides, intersection, intersect at, intercept, perpendicular to, perpendicular bisector, bisect, equidistance, inscribed in, inscribed angle, circumscribed around, tangent, tangent to, secant, focus, directrix, conic section, cross section, ellipse, parabola, triangulation, external point, radical