Continuous Beams

DESIGN OF ROOF BEAMS
Client Project Title Consultant : : : : G.VIJAYA NAIDU RESIDENTIAL BUILDING Design of Roof Beam- RB1 ( Second Floor ) Date: Designed: Checked: Approved
30/12/2009
MS BRN
R.V. CONSTRUCTIONS & CONSULTANTS, TIRUPATHI
INPUT DATA: Grade of Concrete,fck Minimum Yield stress of HYSD bar, fy Thickness of slab, ts No. of spans Floor finishes Load due to partitions Total Live Load on slab, L.L. Assume breadth of Beam , b Assume depth of Web of Beam, ( Excluding slab ) dw The height of floor from top of floor slab Unit weight of concrete, Dead weight of slab Breadth of column, bc Depth of column, dc Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = LOADS ON BEAM , KN/m
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 3 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
0.23 m 0.3 m 3.5 m 3 25 KN/m 3.125 0.23 0.45 0.115 0.9 KN/m2 m m m m 3 19 KN/m
S1
S2
Load on beam due to slab S1: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S1 = Load on beam span, ly W1 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.13*(3-(4.13/4.88)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *11.208 Load on beam due to slab S2: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.13 m 4.88 m 11.208 KN/m 16.812 KN/m
Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S2 = Load on beam span, ly W2 w2 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.13*(3-(4.13/6.1)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *12.474 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0.9 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W7 = 1.5 * 1.97 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W8 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 16.812+2.96+2.59 Load on beam in span BC = (16.812+18.711)/2+2.96+2.59 Load on beam in span CD = 18.711 + 2.96 + 2.59 Reaction from RB9 Reaction from RB11 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 73.023 22.362 KN/m A 3.68 D.F. F.E.M. 1 -25.236 -25.236 Balance 0.449 0.551 25.236 -49.483 25.236 -49.483 B 1.14 3 0.518
= = = =
4.13 m 6.1 m 12.474 KN/m 18.711 KN/m
= = = = = =
0.115 m 0.9 m 3 19 KN/m 1.97 KN/m 2.96 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
22.362 KN/m
23.3115 KN/m
24.261 KN/m
= =
73.023 46.95
KN KN
46.95 24.261 KN/m D 3.22 0.482 1 20.962 43.163 64.125 1.07 0 -64.125 E
23.3115 KN/m 1.86 C
37.096 -20.962 21.5815 37.096 0.6195
10.887 13.36
-19.537 -18.179
C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Finl Momnts, KN-m
5.444
-9.769 4.386 5.383
6.68 -3.46 -3.22 2.692 -1.394 -1.298
2.193
-1.73 0.777 0.953
-17.599
41.286
-41.286
22.077
-22.078
64.125
-64.125
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to external loads Due to support moments Total Total, KN A 41.146 B 41.146 80.242 C 62.716 39.06 D 39.06 72.91 E 46.95
-6.437 34.709 34.709
6.43668 47.5827
6.403 86.645
-6.403 56.313
-13.058 26.002
13.058 52.118 72.91 46.95 46.95
134.228 SPAN MOMENTS
82.315
125.028
Span AB BC CD = 34.709*3.68/2+-17.599-22.362*3.68^2/8 = 86.645*1.14+-41.286-23.3115*1.14^2/2 = = 26.002*3.22/2+-22.0775-24.261*3.22^2/8 = LOADING DIAGRAM 22.362 KN/m -17.599 A 3.68 34.709 47.5827 86.645 41.286 B 3 -41.286 23.3115 KN/m 22.077 -22.0775 C 3.22 56.313 26.002 125.028 KN 24.261 KN/m 64.125 KN-m D 1.07 = 8.411 KN-m 42.341 KN-m -11.658 KN-m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m B.M. KN-m 60 40 0 0 1.84 8.411 3.68 -41.286 42.341 5.18 42.341 6.68 -22.0775 8.29 -11.658 9.9 -64.125
0 -17.599
40 20 8.411 0 -2 -20 -40 -60 -80 B.M. KN-m 0 -17.599 -41.286 -64.125 0 2 4 6 8 -22.0775 -11.658 10 0 12 14
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 100 S. F. , KN 80 60 40 20 0 0 -20 -40 -47.583 -60 -80 -56.312 S. F. , KN -52.117 0 2 4 6 -12.953 8 10 34.709 26.003 0 12 0 0 0 34.709 3.68 86.645 -47.583 60.07 46.952 3.68 86.645 4.82 60.07 4.82 -12.953 72.911 6.68 -56.312 6.68 26.003
DESIGN FOR FLEXURE: Provide Width of beam , wb Maximum Bending Moment Depth of beam required , db db= SQRT((64.125*10^6)/(0.138*20*230)) Provide overall depth of Beam, Db Clear cover to beam Dia of the main reinforcement Effective depth of Beam, db Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd =((0.85/415)*(230*392) = = = = = 425 mm 25 mm 16 mm 392 mm 2 184.67 mm = = = 230 mm 64.125 KN-m 317.83 mm
Location
Mu , KN-m
Mu/bd2
pt
Ast mm2 Dia. mm 16 16 16
Reinforcemnt No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB Span BC Span CD 8.411 42.341 -11.658 0.24 1.2 -0.33 0.067 0.359 -0.09 184.67 323.6744 184.67
2 2 2
402 402 402
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C D 17.599 41.286 22.077 64.125 0.5 1.17 0.62 1.81 0.143 0.35 0.178 0.569 184.67 315.56 184.67 513.0104 16 12 16 16 16 12 c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 134.228*10^3/(230*392) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 134.228 KN 2 1.49 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
2 1 2 2 2 1
515 402 402 515
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 294 mm 1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min = = 300 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
Hence, if Vus <41.52 KN provide minimum shear reinforcement i.e., 8 mm dia. Two legged vertical stirrups at 200 mm c/c spacing Vu KN 34.709 134.228 82.315 125.028 100As/ bd 0.57 0.45 0.45 0.57 c N/mm 0.504 0.459 0.459 0.504
2
Location A B C D
cbd KN 45.44 41.38 41.38 45.44
Vus KN MIN 92.848 MIN 79.588
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 2.37 #VALUE! 2.03
Stirrups 2 leeged Dia. 8 8 8 8 Spacing 200 150 200 150
Check for Deflection:
Span Basic span / effective depth ratio Effective span, m Area of steel required, Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast, prov Percentage of steel provided, pt Service stress in steel, fs Modification factor Permissisble span/effective depth ratio Actual span/effective depth ratio RESULT = = = = = = = = =
AB 26 3.68 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 9.39 SAFE
BC 26 3 324 402 0.45 194 1.58 41.08 7.65 SAFE
CD 26 3.22 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 8.21 SAFE
Total loads from slab Load on beam due to slab on L/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*3*(3-(3/3.125)^2)/6 Load on beam due to slab on R/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Total load on beam due to slab Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.3*25 Load on beam due to wall Total load on beam = 4.57+1.725+1.9665 Total Factored Load on beam, Wu = 1.5*8.2615 THE BEAM IS A T- BEAM Distance between points of zero moments , lo
= = = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
3.12 KN/m 1.45 KN/m 4.57 1.73 1.97 8.26 KN/m KN/m KN/m KN/m
12.39 KN/m
2.1875 m
As per Note under clause 23.1.2 of IS-456-2000 for continuous beams and frames lo may be assumed as 0.7 times the effective span = 0.7*3.125 Effective width of flange for T- beams , bf = lo/6 +bw + 6 Df Clear distance to adjacent beam on left side Clear distance to adjacent beam on right side Depth of Flange, Df Breadth of web, bw Overall depth, D Effective width of Flange , bf = = = = = 1.29 4 0.125 0.23 0.425 1.34 m m m m m < 2.875
10
As per clause 23.1.2 of IS-456-2000 effective width of flange should not be greater than breadth of web plus half the sum of the clear distances to the adjacent beams on either side. bf/bw Df/D = = 1.34/0.23 0.125/0.425 = = = = 5.83 0.29 2.3
4 0.0034 m
Coefficent of M.I of Flanged beam, kt From Chart 88 of SP-16 Moment of Inertia of T-beam, Ib = 2.3*1/12 *0.23*0.425^3 Stiffness of beam, =( 4 I/l )b = 4*0.0034/3.125
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 12.39*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 12.39*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 12.39 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C = 0.677
0.323
= =
10.08 KN-m 19.36 KN
Joint Member D.F.
A AB 1
B BA 0.323
BC 0.677
C CB 0.677
CD 0.323
D DC 1
11
F.E.M Balance C.0 Balance C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Final Moments End Shears:
0 1.62792 0.55105 0.18653
-10.08 10.08 6.82416 -6.82416 -3.25584 -3.41208 3.41208 1.1021 2.30998 -2.30998 -1.1021 -1.15499 1.154989 0.37306 0.78193 -0.78193 -0.37306 -0.39096 0.390964 0.12628 0.26468 -0.26468 -0.12628 3.25584 4.86 -4.86 19.3594 4.86 19.3594 = -4.8573
-1.62792 -0.55105 -0.18653
2.3655
-2.3655
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 12.39*3.125^2/8-4.86 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
10.26 KN-m
= = = = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf = If Df/d < 0.2 = Df and if Df/d > 0.2 = yf = 0.15xumax + 0.65Df Limiting moment of resistance of T-beam,MulimT
107.5 mm
415.76 KN-m = 0.36*20*230*175*(365-0.42*175)+(1340-230)*107.5*0.446*20*(365-107.5/2))/10^6 If Df/d <= 0.2 ,Mulim = 0.36*fck* bw* xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* Df * 0.446* fck *( d-Df/2) If Df/d > 0.2 ,MulimT= 0.36*fck* bw*xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* yf * 0.446* fck *(d-yf/2) Mu<Mulim,T
2 = 78.15 mm 0.5*20*(1-SQRT(1-(4.6*10.26*10^6)/(20*1340*365^2)))*1340*365/415
Area of Steel required , Astreq
Select dia of bar,
20 mm
12
No.of bars required Provide Area of steel provided, Astprov
= 2 2 =
0.25 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Some of the bars may be curtailed after veryfying the rules for curtailement. Some bars can be bent up also. 2 Section at support: Negative moment at support Mu/bd2 = 4.86*10^6/(230*365^2) = = = 4.86 KN-m 0.16 0.04
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck] Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415) Provide Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K.
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
2 No.s ( straight) 2 No.s( extra ) 2 1610 mm
Check for bearing stress at bends:( Clause 26.2.2.5 of IS-456-2000): IS-2502-1963 ( for bending and fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement ) 450 170 314 250 r= 200 225 425
230 C/c between the bars or groups of bars perpendicular to plane of bend,a = 170 mm
13
( Spacing b/n bars at top of support ) Minimum internal bend radius, rmin r > 0.456(fy/fck)(1+2/a) Refer Clause 4.5.2.1 of SP-34-1987 = 0.456*25*(415/)*(1+2*25/170 Provide radius of bed , r Development length, Ld Ld = 47* Ast req/Ast prov = 47*25*34/1610 = 306 mm
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
Anchorage at centre of bend = 250+314/2
Stress in bar at the face of column,s = 2 = (0.87*415*(34)/1610 7.62 N/mm The stress in the bar varies linearly and diminishes to zero at required anchorage Stress at the centre of bend 0.87*415*(25-407)/25 Tensile force due to design loads in the bar, Fbt Fbt = -5516.84*Pi()*25^2/4 Actual bearing stress, = = Fbt/( r ) -2708072.5/(200*25) = = -5516.84 N/mm2 -2708073 N
2 -541.61 N/mm
Design bearing strength = 1.5 fck/( 1+2/a) = 1.5*20/(1+2*25/170)
2 23.18 N/mm
Provide 200 mm internal radius of bend Distance of point of contraflexure: Distance of point of contraflexure from left end,m = 0.28 and 2.85
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm
645 mm
14
1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 19.359375- 0.28*12.39 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater = 15.89018 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

1.3*175.84*10^6/(15.890175*10^3)+365 = 14750.7 Maximum allowable diametre Hence, O.K.
>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 314 mm
CHECK FOR SHEAR: As the ends of the reinforcement are confined by compressive reaction,shear at a distance 'd' will be considered for calculation at support.
Shear force at effective depth 'd' from face support, Vu Vu=19.359375-(0.45/2+0.365)*12.39 Area of steel at support , As Percentage of steel, Pt = 100As/bd
12.05 KN
= =
2 1610 mm
1.918
15
= 0.8fck/6.89pt but not less than 1 Permissible shear stress in the concrete, c c = 0.85fck((1+5 )-1)/6 Shear resisted by concrete, Vuc = c*bd Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 12.05*10^3/(230*365) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE
= =
1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.14 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = = = 8 mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 273.75 mm 1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm = 300 mm = 300 mm 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min Vus min = 0.87*fy*Asv*d/sv Shear resistance of section with minimum shear reinforcement = Vuc + Vus min This occurs at distance from face of support x =(19.359375-109.641)/(12.39)-0.45/2
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -7.51 m
KN
Designed shear reinforcement is required up to -7.51m face of support Shear force at critical section i.e, at 'd' from face of support , Vu Shear to be resisted by stirrups, Vus = Vu-Vuc = =
12.05 KN -53.431 KN
16
Vus = Vu-Vuc = 12.05-65.481 Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of shear reinforcement, svmin sv, = 0.87fy*Asv*d/Vus Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = = = 8 mm
100.53 N/mm2 -248 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to7.51 m from either face of supports i.e -42no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection: Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*78.15/1610 Modification factor, mft mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3 = -531.44
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 78.15 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
2 11.68 N/mm
-25.55
= =
0.17 0.8
Permissible span to effective depth ratio = 26* mft *mrt =26*-25.55*0.8 Actual span to effective depth ratio = 3125/365
8.56 > = INCREASE THE DEPTH OF BEAM OR CALCULATE THE DEFLECTION CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION:
-531.44
Data:
17
Breadth of compression face Depth of Flange , Overall Depth Effective depth Charecteristic strength of concrete Yield strength of steel Breadth of web Support Moment Support Moment Fixed end moments Fixed end moments Span Moment
(b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) ( Mo )
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
1340 125 425 365
mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
230 4.86 4.86 10.08 10.08 10.26
Distance from centroidal axis of gross section, neglecting the reinforcement to the extreme fibre in tension , yt Area of steel provided, Percentage of tensile steel Percentage of compression steel Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete Effective span Short term static modulus of elasticity, Ec Ec = 5000fck Modulus of Elasticity of steel, Es Deflection due to service loads ( dsu ) dsu = wl4/384EI Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ): Modulus of rupture of concrete (fcr) fcr = 0.7 * sqrt( fck ) = 0.7 *SQRT(20)
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.05 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
2 3.13 N/mm
4 M.I. gross section ( Igr ) = 2.94E+09 mm Igr = bf*Df^3/12 + bfDf(yt-df/2)^2 + bw(D-Df0^3/12+ bw(D-Df)*((yt-D-Df)/2)^2 Igr =1340*125^3/12+1340*125*61.5^2+230*300^3/12+230*300*151^"2 Cracking moment ( Mr = fcr*Igr/yt ) = 30.60 kN-m Mr = fcr*Igr/yt ) = (3.13*2942394833.33333/301)/10^6
Depth of neutral axis (Xu = 0.48*d) Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf Depth of centre of compressive force from the extreme fibre in compression ( L = 0.42*Xu ) = 0.42*175 Modular ratio ( m =ES/EC) =200000/22360.68) Transformed area of steel ( m*Ast )
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
18
( m*Ast )= 8.94*1610 M.I.of cracked section , Ir Ir = Xu*bw*(Xu-L)2 + m*Ast*(d-Xu )2 Ir = 175*230*(175-73.5)^2+14393.4*(365-175)^2 For simply supported members: =
4 9.34E+08 mm
4 Effective moment of inertia ( = ) -2.34E+10 mm Ieff Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Mr/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Ieff = 934267303/(1.2-((30.6/10.26)*((365-73.5)/365)*(1-175/365)*230/230))
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-23425551087
-0.13 -0.01 mm
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = ( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) ( acs = k3*Ccs*l2 ) = = = = = =
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.80 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
0.125 0.000
0 0.00 mm
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
19
Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm)
0.26 mm
Short term deflection due to permanent load using Ec, ai(perm) = Creep deflection due to perm. loads , acc ( perm) = aioc(perm) -ai(perm) = Total deflection d = dsc +acs +acc Allowable deflection as per clause 23.2(a) of IS-4562000 should not exceed l/250 HENCE, SAFE IN DEFLECTION 5 Check for spacing: As per clause 26.3 of IS-456-2000 Maximum distance between bars in tension ( As per table 15 of IS-456-2000 ) ( i ) Clear distanace between bars at support ( ii ) Clear distanace between bars at centre =(230-2*30-10*20)/(9) =
0.15 mm 0.11 mm 0.22 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
HENCE, SAFE Minimum distance between individual bars shall not be less than As per clause 26.3.2 of IS-456-2000 1 Dia of bar if dia. Are equal = 2 Dia of larger bar if they are unequal = 3 5mm more than nomimal max. size of = aggregate( using 20mm aggregate) Minimum spacing between bars HENCE, SAFE DRAWING: =
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
1600 2 T-20 straight 789 r =200 r =200 20 T-20 450 (230 x 425 mm overall ) 2675 3125 LONGITUDINAL SECTION
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
20
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -7510 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -7510 450 2 T- 20
15020 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20 230 SECTION -A -A 230 SECTION -B -B
20 T-20
21
22
23
11.82 0
24
9.9 -52.117
9.9 72.911
10.97 46.952
10.97 0
25
26
4.07 5.16 5.16 4.07
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89

29/12/2009
MS BRN
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 3 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
S1 S3
S2 S4
Load on beam due to slab S1: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S1 = Load on beam span, ly W1 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.13*(3-(4.13/4.88)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *11.208 Load on beam due to slab S2: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.13 m 4.88 m 11.208 KN/m 16.812 KN/m
90
Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S2 = Load on beam span, ly W2 w2 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.13*(3-(4.13/6.1)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *12.474 Load on beam due to slab S3: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S3 = Load on beam span, ly W3 w3 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.97*(3-(2.97/4.88)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *9.281 Load on beam due to slab S4: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S4 = Load on beam span, ly W4 w4 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.97*(3-(2.97/6.1)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W4 = 1.5 *9.751
= = = =
4.13 m 6.1 m 12.474 KN/m 18.711 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.97 m 4.88 m 9.281 KN/m 13.9215 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.97 m 6.10 m 9.751 KN/m 14.6265 KN/m
Load on beam due to wall: Thickness Height of of wall wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W7 = 1.5 * 0 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W8 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 16.812+13.9215+0+2.59 Load on beam in span BC = (16.812+18.711)/2+(13.9215+14.6265)/2+0+2.59 Load on beam in span CD = 18.711 + 14.6265 + 0 + 2.59 = 35.9275 KN/m = 34.6255 KN/m = 33.3235 KN/m = = 0 KN/m 2.59 KN/m = = = = 0.115 m 0 m 3 19 KN/m 0 KN/m
91
Reaction from RB9 Reaction from RB11 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 88.978 33.3235 KN/m A 3.68 D.F. F.E.M. 1 -37.607 -37.607 Balance C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Finl Momnts, KN-m 2.335 6.141 0.449 0.551 37.607 -64.961 37.607 -64.961 B 1.14 3 0.518
= =
88.978 49.653
KN KN
49.653 35.9275 KN/m D 3.22 0.482 1 31.043 42.652 73.695 1.07 0 -73.695 E
34.6255 KN/m 1.86 C
49.867 -31.043 21.326 49.867 -9.717
12.282 15.072 -10.399 4.669 5.73 -1.952 0.876 1.076
-20.798 -19.352 7.536 -3.904 -3.632 2.865 -1.484 -1.381
-29.131
55.434
-55.434
34.082
-34.082
73.695
-73.695
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to external loads Due to support moments Total Total, KN A 61.315 B 61.315 107.105 C 85.75 57.843 D 57.843 88.1 E 49.653
-7.148 54.167 54.167
7.14755 68.4626
7.117 114.222
-7.117 78.633
-12.302 45.541
12.302 70.145 88.1 49.653 49.653
124.174
158.245
Span AB = 54.167*3.68/2+-29.131-33.3235*3.68^2/8 = 14.126 KN-m
92
BC CD
= 114.222*1.14+-55.434-34.6255*1.14^2/2 = = 45.541*3.22/2+-34.082-35.9275*3.22^2/8 = LOADING DIAGRAM 33.3235 KN/m -29.131 A 3.68 55.434 B 3 68.4626 114.222 -55.434 34.6255 KN/m 34.082 -34.082 C 3.22 78.633 45.541
52.279 KN-m -7.325 KN-m
35.9275 KN/m 73.695 KN-m D 1.07 158.245 KN
54.167
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m 60 B.M. KN-m 40 20 0 -2 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 Span, m B.M. KN-m -54.623 -78.493 0 0 2 4 -26.374 -43.194 -8.575 6 8 10 27.835 0 12 0 0 1.84 14.126 3.68 -55.434 5.18 52.279 6.68 -34.082 40.105 8.29 -7.325 9.9 -73.695
0 -29.131
14
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 150 S. F. , KN 100 88.1 74.749 50 54.167 45.542 49.658 0 0 0 54.167 3.68 -68.463 114.222 3.68 114.222 4.82 74.749 4.82 -14.229 6.68 -78.632 6.68 45.542
0 0
0 2 4 6 -14.229 8 10
0 12
93
0 -50
6 -14.229
10
12
-68.463 -100
-78.632 S. F. , KN
-70.145
DESIGN FOR FLEXURE: Provide Width of beam , wb Maximum Bending Moment Depth of beam required , db db= SQRT((78.493*10^6)/(0.138*20*230)) Provide overall depth of Beam, Db Clear cover to beam Dia of the main reinforcement Effective depth of Beam, db Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd =((0.85/415)*(230*392) Mu , KN-m Ast mm
2
= = = = = = = =
230 mm 78.493 KN-m 351.64 mm 425 mm 25 mm 16 mm 392 mm 2 184.67 mm
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 16 16 2 2 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB Span BC Span CD 14.126 52.279 -7.325 0.4 1.48 -0.21 0.114 0.453 -0.058 184.67 408.4248 184.67
402 402 402
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C D 29.131 55.434 34.082 73.695 0.82 1.57 0.96 2.09 0.239 0.484 0.283 0.673 215.4824 436.3744 255.1528 606.7768 16 12 16 16 16 12 c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 182.685*10^3/(230*392) = = 182.685 KN 2 2.03 N/mm 2 1 2 2 2 2 515 402 402 628
94
Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE
2 2.77 N/mm
Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm 200 mm
1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm = 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min =
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 294 mm 300 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
2
Location A B C D
cbd KN 45.44 41.38 41.38 49.14
Vus KN MIN 141.305 82.794 109.105
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 3.6 2.11 2.78
Span Basic span / effective depth ratio Effective span, m Area of steel required, Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast, prov = = = =
AB 26 3.68 185 402
BC 26 3 408 402
CD 26 3.22 185 402
95
Percentage of steel provided, pt Service stress in steel, fs Modification factor Permissisble span/effective depth ratio Actual span/effective depth ratio RESULT
= = = = =
0.45 110.77 2 52 9.39 SAFE
0.45 244.29 1.26 32.76 7.65 SAFE
0.45 110.77 2 52 8.21 SAFE
96
97
98
Total loads from slab Load on beam due to slab on L/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*3*(3-(3/3.125)^2)/6 Load on beam due to slab on R/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Total load on beam due to slab Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.3*25
= = = = =
2 3 KN/m
3.12 KN/m 1.45 KN/m 4.57 KN/m 1.73 KN/m
99
Load on beam due to wall Total load on beam = 4.57+1.725+1.9665 Total Factored Load on beam, Wu = 1.5*8.2615 THE BEAM IS A T- BEAM Distance between points of zero moments , lo
= = =
1.97 KN/m 8.26 KN/m 12.39 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 12.39*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 12.39*3.125/2 = 0.677
0.323
= =
10.08 KN-m 19.36 KN
100
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 12.39 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C
Joint Member D.F. F.E.M Balance C.0 Balance C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Final Moments End Shears:
A AB 1 0 1.62792
B BA 0.323 3.25584 1.1021
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -10.08 10.08 6.82416 -6.82416 -3.25584 -3.41208 3.41208 2.30998 -2.30998 -1.1021 -1.15499 1.154989 0.78193 -0.78193 -0.37306 -0.39096 0.390964 0.26468 -0.26468 -0.12628 -4.86 19.3594 4.86 19.3594 = -4.8573
D DC 1
-1.62792 -0.55105 -0.18653
0.55105 0.37306 0.18653 0.12628 2.3655 4.86
-2.3655
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 12.39*3.125^2/8-4.86 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax
10.26 KN-m
= = = = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
101
xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365 Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf = If Df/d < 0.2 = Df and if Df/d > 0.2 = yf = 0.15xumax + 0.65Df 107.5 mm
Limiting moment of resistance of T-beam,MulimT 415.76 KN-m = 0.36*20*230*175*(365-0.42*175)+(1340-230)*107.5*0.446*20*(365-107.5/2))/10^6 If Df/d <= 0.2 ,Mulim = 0.36*fck* bw* xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* Df * 0.446* fck *( d-Df/2) If Df/d > 0.2 ,MulimT= 0.36*fck* bw*xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* yf * 0.446* fck *(d-yf/2) Mu<Mulim,T
2 = 78.15 mm 0.5*20*(1-SQRT(1-(4.6*10.26*10^6)/(20*1340*365^2)))*1340*365/415
Select dia of bar, No.of bars required Provide Area of steel provided, Astprov
= = 2 2 =
20 mm 0.25 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
102
230 C/c between the bars or groups of bars perpendicular to plane of bend,a ( Spacing b/n bars at top of support ) Minimum internal bend radius, rmin r > 0.456(fy/fck)(1+2/a) Refer Clause 4.5.2.1 of SP-34-1987 = 0.456*25*(415/)*(1+2*25/170 Provide radius of bed , r Development length, Ld Ld = 47* Ast req/Ast prov = 47*25*34/1610 = 306 mm = 170 mm
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
2 -541.61 N/mm
2 23.18 N/mm
Provide 200 mm internal radius of bend Distance of point of contraflexure:
103
Distance of point of contraflexure from left end,m
0.28
and
2.85
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 19.359375- 0.28*12.39 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater = 15.89018 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo
>
Ld
104
= = =
47* 47* 314 mm
Shear force at effective depth 'd' from face support, Vu Vu=19.359375-(0.45/2+0.365)*12.39 Area of steel at support , As Percentage of steel, Pt = 100As/bd = 0.8fck/6.89pt but not less than 1 Permissible shear stress in the concrete, c c = 0.85fck((1+5 )-1)/6 Shear resisted by concrete, Vuc = c*bd Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 12.05*10^3/(230*365) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE
12.05 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.14 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 273.75 mm 1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm = 300 mm = 300 mm 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement
105
Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min Vus min = 0.87*fy*Asv*d/sv Shear resistance of section with minimum shear reinforcement = Vuc + Vus min This occurs at distance from face of support x =(19.359375-109.641)/(12.39)-0.45/2
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -7.51 m
KN
Designed shear reinforcement is required up to -7.51m face of support Shear force at critical section i.e, at 'd' from face of support , Vu Shear to be resisted by stirrups, Vus = Vu-Vuc Vus = Vu-Vuc = 12.05-65.481 Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of shear reinforcement, svmin sv, = 0.87fy*Asv*d/Vus Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = =
12.05 KN -53.431 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -248 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to7.51 m from either face of supports i.e -42no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection: Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*78.15/1610
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 78.15 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
2 11.68 N/mm
106
Modification factor, mft mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3
-25.55
= =
0.17 0.8
-531.44
8.56 > = INCREASE THE DEPTH OF BEAM OR CALCULATE THE DEFLECTION CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION: (b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) ( Mo ) = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1340 125 425 365 mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-531.44
Data: Breadth of compression face Depth of Flange , Overall Depth Effective depth Charecteristic strength of concrete Yield strength of steel Breadth of web Support Moment Support Moment Fixed end moments Fixed end moments Span Moment
230 4.86 4.86 10.08 10.08 10.26
Distance from centroidal axis of gross section, neglecting the reinforcement to the extreme fibre in tension , yt Area of steel provided, Percentage of tensile steel Percentage of compression steel Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete Effective span Short term static modulus of elasticity, Ec Ec = 5000fck Modulus of Elasticity of steel, Es Deflection due to service loads ( dsu ) dsu = wl4/384EI Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ): Modulus of rupture of concrete (fcr) fcr = 0.7 * sqrt( fck ) = 0.7 *SQRT(20) M.I. gross section ( Igr )
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.05 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
2 3.13 N/mm
4 2.94E+09 mm
107
Igr = bf*Df^3/12 + bfDf(yt-df/2)^2 + bw(D-Df0^3/12+ bw(D-Df)*((yt-D-Df)/2)^2 Igr =1340*125^3/12+1340*125*61.5^2+230*300^3/12+230*300*151^"2 Cracking moment ( Mr = fcr*Igr/yt ) = 30.60 kN-m Mr = fcr*Igr/yt ) = (3.13*2942394833.33333/301)/10^6 Depth of neutral axis (Xu = 0.48*d) Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf Depth of centre of compressive force from the extreme fibre in compression ( L = 0.42*Xu ) = 0.42*175 Modular ratio ( m =ES/EC) =200000/22360.68) Transformed area of steel ( m*Ast ) ( m*Ast )= 8.94*1610 M.I.of cracked section , Ir Ir = Xu*bw*(Xu-L)2 + m*Ast*(d-Xu )2 Ir = 175*230*(175-73.5)^2+14393.4*(365-175)^2 For simply supported members: = = = 73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-23425551087
-0.13 -0.01 mm
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo = Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) =
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.80 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
108
Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4
-3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = 0.125 0.000
k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm)
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) ( acs = k3*Ccs*l2 )
= =
0 0.00 mm
0.26 mm
0.15 mm 0.11 mm 0.22 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
HENCE, SAFE Minimum distance between individual bars shall not be less than As per clause 26.3.2 of IS-456-2000 1 Dia of bar if dia. Are equal = 2 Dia of larger bar if they are unequal = 3 5mm more than nomimal max. size of = aggregate( using 20mm aggregate) Minimum spacing between bars HENCE, SAFE =
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
109
DRAWING:
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -7510 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -7510 450 2 T- 20
15020 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
110
111
112
113
114
11.82 0
9.9 -70.145
9.9 88.1
10.97 49.658
10.97 0
115
116
4.07 5.16 5.16 3.32
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126

Client Project Title Consultant : : : : G.VIJAYA NAIDU RESIDENTIAL BUILDING Design of Roof Beam- RB3 Second Floor ) Date: Designed: Checked: Approved
25/12/2009
MS BRN
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 2 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
S3 S5
S4 S6
Load on beam due to slab S3: Load on slab,S5, w1 w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S3 = W1 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.972*(3-(2.972/4.877)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *9.284 Load on beam due to slab S5: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.972 m 4.877 m 9.284 KN/m 13.926 KN/m
127
Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S5 = W2 w2 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.724*(3-(4.724/4.877)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *11.574 Load on beam due to slab S4: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S4 = W3 w3 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.972*(3-(2.972/6.1)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *9.757 Load on beam due to slab S6: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S6 = W3 w4 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.724*(3-(4.724/6.1)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W4 = 1.5 *13.474 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W4 = 1.5 * 0 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W5 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 13.926 + 17.361 + 0+2.59 Load on beam in span BCD = 14.6355+20.211+0+2.59 Point load on span BC from RB9 Point load from RB11 at D
= = = =
4.724 m 4.877 m 11.574 KN/m 17.361 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.972 m 6.1 m 9.757 KN/m 14.6355 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.724 m 6.1 m 13.474 KN/m 20.211 KN/m
= = = = = =
0.115 m 0 m 3 19 KN/m 0 KN/m 0 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
33.877 KN/m
37.4365 KN/m
= =
119.032 KN 100.163 KN
128
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 119.032 33.877 A 4.08 Fixed End Moments: Fixed end moment at AB Fixed end moment at BA: Fixed end moment at BC: Due to U.D.L Due to point load 1 Total fixed end moment at BC Fixed end moment at CB: Due to U.D.L Due to point load 1 Total fixed end moment at CB Fixed end moment at CD A D.F. F.E.M. FEM Balance C.O. Finl Momnts, KN-m 18.392 1 -46.994 -46.994 B 0.588 0.412 46.994 -117.311 7.759 46.994 -109.55 36.784 25.774 = = = = C 1 117.311 -132.829 15.518 132.829 -132.83 106.037 KN-m 11.274 KN-m 117.311 KN-m 132.829 KN-m = = = -106.037 KN-m -11.274 KN-m -117.31 KN-m = = -46.994 KN-m 46.994 KN-m B 0.8 5.83 5.03 C 1.1 100.163 37.437 KN/m D
-28.602
83.778
-83.778
132.829
-132.83
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to external loads Due to support moments A 69.109 B 69.109 211.827 C 125.463 141.344 D 100.163
-13.524
13.5235
-8.414
8.414
129
Total Total, KN
55.585 55.585
82.6325
203.413
133.877
141.344 100.163
275.221
Span AB UNDER point load1 = 203.413*0.8+-83.778-37.437*0.8^2/2 = SPAN BC = 203.413*5.83/2 -119.032*2.115-37.437*5.83^2/8 +-83.778 = LOADING DIAGRAM 33.877 KN/m -28.602 A 4.08 55.585 82.6325 203.413 83.778 B 0 133.877 -83.778 37.4365 KN/m 132.829 -132.829 C 66.973 KN-m 98.36291 KN-m = 55.585*4.08/2+-28.602-33.877*4.08^2/8 = 14.3 KN-m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m B.M. KN-m 150 100 50 0 -2 -50 -100 -150 -83.778 B.M. KN-m -132.829 0 0 -28.602 2 14.3 4 6 8 10 66.973 0 0 2.04 14.3 4.08 -83.778 4.88 66.973 6.995 98.363 98.363 9.91 -132.829 9.91 0
0 -28.602
0 12
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM 250 Span,m 200 S. F. , KN 150 0 0 0 55.585 4.08 4.08 4.88 173.463 4.88 9.91 9.91 141.344
203.413 -82.633 203.413 173.463
54.431 -133.877 141.344
130
150 100 50 0 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 S. F. , KN -82.633 55.585 0 2 4 6 8 10 54.431
141.344 100.163
0 12
-133.877
2
= = = = = = = =
230 mm 137.259 KN-m 465 mm 500 mm 25 mm 16 mm 467 mm 2 220 mm
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 16 16 16 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB point1 BC 14.3 66.973 98.3629 0.29 1.34 1.96 0.082 0.405 0.624 220 435.0105 670.2384
402 402 804
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C 28.602 83.778 132.829 0.57 1.67 2.65 0.163 0.519 0.904 220 557.4579 970.9864 16 16 16 16 20 402 603 1030
131
c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 322.411*10^3/(230*467) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) UN-SAFE , REVISE DEPTH OF BEAM Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 322.411 KN 2 3 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 350.25 mm 1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min = = 300 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
Hence, if Vus <41.52 KN provide minimum shear reinforcement i.e., 8 mm dia. Two legged vertical stirrups at 200 mm c/c spacing Vu KN 55.585 286.046 275.221 100As/ bd 0.37 0.56 0.96 c N/mm 0.423 0.5 0.613
2
Location A B C
cbd KN 45.43 53.71 65.84
Vus KN MIN 232.336 209.381
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 4.98 4.48
Stirrups 2 leeged Dia. 8 10 8 Spacing 200 100 150
Span Basic span / effective depth ratio Effective span, m = =
AB 26 4.08
BC 26 5.83
132
Area of steel required, Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast, prov Percentage of steel provided, pt Service stress in steel, fs Modification factor Permissisble span/effective depth ratio Actual span/effective depth ratio RESULT
= = = = = = =
220 402 0.37 131.73 2 52 8.74 SAFE
435 402 0.37 260.46 1.26 32.76 12.48 SAFE
133
134
135
Total loads from slab Load on beam due to slab on L/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*2*(3-(2/3.125)^2)/6
= =
2 3 KN/m
2.59 KN/m
136
Load on beam due to slab on R/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Total load on beam due to slab Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.3*25 Load on beam due to wall Total load on beam = 4.04+1.725+1.9665 Total Factored Load on beam, Wu = 1.5*7.7315 THE BEAM IS A T- BEAM Distance between points of zero moments , lo
= = = = = =
1.45 KN/m 4.04 1.73 1.97 7.73 KN/m KN/m KN/m KN/m
11.60 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column = 0.677
0.323
137
D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 11.6*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 11.6*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 11.60 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C = = 9.44 KN-m 18.13 KN
A AB 1 0 1.52456
B BA 0.323 3.04912 1.03213
0.51606 0.34938 0.17469 0.11826 2.21531 4.55
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -9.44 9.44 6.39088 -6.39088 -3.04912 -3.19544 3.19544 2.16331 -2.16331 -1.03213 -1.08166 1.081656 0.73228 -0.73228 -0.34938 -0.36614 0.366141 0.24788 -0.24788 -0.11826 -4.55 18.125 4.55 18.125 = -4.5489
D DC 1
-1.52456 -0.51606 -0.17469
-2.21531
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 11.6*3.125^2/8-4.55 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d
9.61 KN-m
= = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm
138
Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
= =
0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
415.76 KN-m = 0.36*20*230*175*(365-0.42*175)+(1340-230)*107.5*0.446*20*(365-107.5/2))/10^6 If Df/d <= 0.2 ,Mulim = 0.36*fck* bw* xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* Df * 0.446* fck *( d-Df/2) If Df/d > 0.2 ,MulimT= 0.36*fck* bw*xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* yf * 0.446* fck *(d-yf/2) Mu<Mulim,T Area of Steel required , Astreq = 0.5*20*(1-SQRT(1-(4.6*9.61*10^6)/(20*1340*365^2)))*1340*365/415 Select dia of bar, No.of bars required Provide Area of steel provided, Astprov = = 2 2 =
2 73.19 mm
20 mm 0.23 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck] Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415) Provide
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
20
2 No.s ( straight)
139
T Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K.
25 =
2 No.s( extra ) 2 1610 mm
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
2 -541.61 N/mm
Design bearing strength = 1.5 fck/( 1+2/a)
2 23.18 N/mm
140
= 1.5*20/(1+2*25/170) Provide 200 mm internal radius of bend Distance of point of contraflexure: Distance of point of contraflexure from left end,m = 0.28 and 2.85
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 18.125- 0.28*11.6 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo = 14.877 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
141
At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 335 mm
11.28 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.13 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
142
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -8.11 m
KN
11.28 KN -54.201 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -244 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to8.11 m from either face of supports i.e -46no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection: Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 73.19 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
143
pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*73.19/1610 Modification factor, mft mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3 = -500.864 =
2 10.94 N/mm
-24.08
= =
0.17 0.8
-500.864
230 4.55 4.55 9.44 9.44 9.61
Distance from centroidal axis of gross section, neglecting the reinforcement to the extreme fibre in tension , yt Area of steel provided, Percentage of tensile steel Percentage of compression steel Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete Effective span Short term static modulus of elasticity, Ec Ec = 5000fck Modulus of Elasticity of steel, Es Deflection due to service loads dsu = wl4/384EI ( dsu )
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
144
Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ): Modulus of rupture of concrete (fcr) fcr = 0.7 * sqrt( fck ) = 0.7 *SQRT(20) =
2 3.13 N/mm
Depth of neutral axis (Xu = 0.48*d) Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf Depth of centre of compressive force from the extreme fibre in compression ( L = 0.42*Xu ) = 0.42*175 Modular ratio ( m =ES/EC) =200000/22360.68) Transformed area of steel ( m*Ast ) ( m*Ast )= 8.94*1610 M.I.of cracked section , Ir Ir = Xu*bw*(Xu-L)2 + m*Ast*(d-Xu )2 Ir = 175*230*(175-73.5)^2+14393.4*(365-175)^2 For simply supported members:
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-7549914300
-0.39 -0.02 mm
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo = Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc =
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.12 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
145
dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm)
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
0.125 0.000
= =
0 0.00 mm
0.24 mm
0.14 mm 0.10 mm 0.21 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
HENCE, SAFE Minimum distance between individual bars shall not be less than As per clause 26.3.2 of IS-456-2000 1 Dia of bar if dia. Are equal = 2 Dia of larger bar if they are unequal = 3 5mm more than nomimal max. size of = aggregate( using 20mm aggregate)
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
146
5mm more than nomimal max. size of aggregate( using 20mm aggregate) Minimum spacing between bars HENCE, SAFE DRAWING: = 25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -8110 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -8110 450 2 T- 20
16220 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
147
148
149
150
151
11.01 100.163
11.01 0
152
153
6.28 4.15 2.42
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163

24/12/2009
MS BRN
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 2 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
S5 S7 B S8
S6 S9
Load on beam due to slab S5: Load on slab,S5, w1 w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S5 = Load on beam span, ly W1 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.72*(3-(4.72/4.88)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *11.58 Load on beam due to slab S7: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.72 m 4.88 m 11.58 KN/m 17.37 KN/m
164
Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S7 = W2 w2 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.61*(3-(2.61/4.08)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *8.035 Load on beam due to slab S6: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S6 = W3 w3 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*4.72*(3-(4.72/6.1)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *13.469 Load on beam due to slab S8: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S8 = W3 w4 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.61*(3-(2.61/3.58)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W4 = 1.5 *7.656 Load on beam due to slab S9: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S9 = W5 w5 = w lx/3=7.13*3.32/3 Factored load on beam, W5 = 1.5 *7.891 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W4 = 1.5 * 0 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W5 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25
= = = =
2.61 m 4.08 m 8.035 KN/m 12.0525 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.72 m 6.1 m 13.469 KN/m 20.2035 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.61 m 3.58 m 7.656 KN/m 11.484 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
3.32 m 4.8 m 7.891 KN/m 11.8365 KN/m
= = = = = =
0.115 m 0 m 3 19 KN/m 0 KN/m 0 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
165
Load on Beam in span AB = 17.37 + 12.0525 + 0+2.59 Load on beam in span BCD = 20.2035+12.0525+0+2.59 Point load on span BC from RB9 Point load on span BC from RB10 Point load at D from RB11 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 93.029 32.013 A 4.08 Fixed End Moments: Fixed end moment at AB Fixed end moment at BA: Fixed end moment at BC: Due to U.D.L Due to point load 1 Due to point load 2 Total fixed end moment at BC Fixed end moment at CB: Due to U.D.L Due to point load 1 Due to point load 2 Total fixed end moment at CB Fixed end moment at CD A D.F. F.E.M. FEM Balance 1 -44.408 -44.408 B 0.588 0.412 44.408 -202.985 -70.975 44.408 -273.96 134.977 94.575 = = = = = C 1 = = = = = = B 0.8 5.83 2.45 83.76
32.013 KN/m
34.4538 KN/m
= = =
93.029 83.76 11.436 11.436 C 1.1
KN KN KN KN D
34.4538 KN/m
-44.408 KN-m 44.408 KN-m
-97.587 KN-m -55.4 KN-m -49.998 KN-m -202.99 KN-m
97.587 8.811 68.976
KN-m KN-m KN-m
175.374 KN-m 33.424 KN-m D
175.374 -33.424 -141.95 33.424 -33.424
166
C.O. Finl Momnts, KN-m
67.489
23.081
179.385
-179.39
33.424
-33.424
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to external loads Due to support moments Total Total, KN A 65.307 B 65.307 215.895 C 161.759 49.3351 D 11.436
-38.31 26.997 26.997
38.3098 103.617
25.036 240.931
-25.036 136.723 49.3351 11.436 11.436
186.058
Span AB UNDER point load1 = 240.931*0.8+-179.385-34.45375*0.8^2/2 = under point load2 = 240.931*3.38-179.385-93.029*2.58-34.45375*3.38^2/2 = LOADING DIAGRAM 32.013 KN/m 23.081 A 4.08 26.997 103.617 240.931 179.385 -179.385 B 0 136.723 34.45375 KN/m 33.424 -33.424 C 2.335 KN-m 198.14 KN-m = 26.997*4.08/2+23.081-32.013*4.08^2/8 = 11.542 KN-m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m B.M. KN-m 250 200 150 100 50 0 -2 -50 -100 -150 0 23.081 0 2 11.542 4 2.335 6 8 10 -33.424 0 12 0 0 0 23.081 2.04 11.542 4.08 -179.385 4.88 2.335 7.46 198.14 198.14 9.91 -33.424 11.01 0
167
-100 -150 -200 B.M. -179.385 KN-m
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 300 S. 250, KN F. 200 150 100 50 0 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 S. F. , KN -103.616 -136.723 26.997 0 2 4 6 120.34 49.335 11.436 0 12 0 0 0 26.997 4.08 4.08 4.88 213.369 4.88 120.34 7.46 31.449 7.46 -52.311
-103.616 240.932 240.932 213.369
31.449 8 -52.311 10
2
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB 11.542 0.17 0.048 255.33
402
168
402 point1 point2 2.335 198.14 0.03 2.93 0.008 1.034 255.33 1288.984 16 16 20 Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C 23.081 179.385 33.424 0.34 2.65 0.49 0.096 0.904 0.14 255.33 1126.926 255.33 16 16 16 2 2 2 402 402 402 2 2 3 402 1345
c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 347.8*10^3/(230*542) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) UN-SAFE , REVISE DEPTH OF BEAM Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 347.8 KN 2 2.79 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
41.52 KN
Hence, if Vus <41.52 KN provide minimum shear reinforcement i.e., 8 mm dia. Two legged vertical stirrups at 200 mm c/c spacing Vu KN 26.997 344.548 100As/ bd 0.32 0.32 c N/mm 0.399 0.399
2
Location A B
cbd KN 49.74 49.74
Vus KN MIN 294.808
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 5.44
Stirrups 2 leeged Dia. 8 10 Spacing 200 100
169
186.058
0.32
0.399
49.74
136.318
2.52
150
AB 26 4.08 255 402 0.32 152.68 2 52 7.53 SAFE
BC 26 5.83 255 402 0.32 152.68 2 52 10.76 SAFE
170
171
172
173
= = = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
11.60 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
Coefficent of M.I of Flanged beam, kt From Chart 88 of SP-16 Moment of Inertia of T-beam, Ib = 2.3*1/12 *0.23*0.425^3
174
Stiffness of beam, =( 4 I/l )b
= 4*0.0034/3.125
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
0.323
= =
9.44 KN-m 18.13 KN
A AB 1 0 1.52456
B BA 0.323 3.04912 1.03213
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -9.44 9.44 6.39088 -6.39088 -3.04912 -3.19544 3.19544 2.16331 -2.16331 -1.03213 -1.08166 1.081656 0.73228 -0.73228 -0.34938 -0.36614 0.366141 0.24788 -0.24788 -0.11826 -4.55 18.125 4.55 18.125 -4.5489
D DC 1
-1.52456 -0.51606 -0.17469
0.51606 0.34938 0.17469 0.11826 2.21531 4.55
-2.21531
175
9.61 KN-m
= = = = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
2 73.19 mm
20 mm 0.23 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Some of the bars may be curtailed after veryfying the rules for curtailement. Some bars can be bent up also. 2 Section at support: Negative moment at support = 4.55 KN-m
176
Mu/bd2
4.55*10^6/(230*365^2)
= =
0.15 0.04
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
177
2 -541.61 N/mm
2 23.18 N/mm
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 14.877 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
178
= 18.125- 0.28*11.6 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater =
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 335 mm
Shear force at effective depth 'd' from face support, Vu Vu=18.125-(0.45/2+0.365)*11.6 Area of steel at support , As Percentage of steel, Pt = 100As/bd = 0.8fck/6.89pt but not less than 1 Permissible shear stress in the concrete, c c = 0.85fck((1+5 )-1)/6 Shear resisted by concrete, Vuc = c*bd Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 11.28*10^3/(230*365) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck)
11.28 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.13 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
179
= 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = = = 8 mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -8.11 m
KN
11.28 KN -54.201 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -244 mm
175 mm
180
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 73.19 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
2 10.94 N/mm
-24.08
= =
0.17 0.8
8.56 > = INCREASE THE DEPTH OF BEAM OR CALCULATE THE DEFLECTION CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION: (b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) = = = = = = = = = = = 1340 125 425 365 mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-500.864
Data: Breadth of compression face Depth of Flange , Overall Depth Effective depth Charecteristic strength of concrete Yield strength of steel Breadth of web Support Moment Support Moment Fixed end moments Fixed end moments
230 4.55 4.55 9.44 9.44
181
Span Moment
( Mo )
= = = = = = = = = =
9.61 kN-m 301 mm

2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-7549914300
-0.39
182
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo = Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm) ( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) ( acs = k3*Ccs*l2 ) = = =
-0.02 mm
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.12 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
0.125 0.000
0 0.00 mm
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
0.24 mm
Short term deflection due to permanent load using Ec, ai(perm) = Creep deflection due to perm. loads , acc ( perm) = aioc(perm) -ai(perm) = Total deflection d = dsc +acs +acc Allowable deflection as per clause 23.2(a) of IS-4562000 should not exceed l/250 =
0.14 mm 0.10 mm 0.21 mm
12.5 mm
183
HENCE, SAFE IN DEFLECTION 5 Check for spacing: As per clause 26.3 of IS-456-2000 Maximum distance between bars in tension ( As per table 15 of IS-456-2000 ) ( i ) Clear distanace between bars at support ( ii ) Clear distanace between bars at centre =(230-2*30-10*20)/(9)
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -8110 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -8110 450 2 T- 20
16220 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
184
300
20 T-20
185
186
187
188
189
9.91 -136.723
9.91 49.335
11.01 11.436
11.01 0
190
7.26 7.26
191
7.26
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200

12/12/09
MS BRN
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 2 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
S7 4.08 B
S8 S9 2.61
Load on beam due to slab S7: Load on slab,S7, w1 w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S1 = Load on beam span, ly W1 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.61*(3-(2.61/4.08)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *8.035 Load on beam due to slab S8: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.61 m 4.08 m 8.035 KN/m 12.0525 KN/m
201
Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S2 = Load on beam span, ly W2 w2 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.61*(3-(2.61/3.58)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *7.656 Load on beam due to slab S10: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S3 = Load on beam span, ly W3 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.61*(3-(2.61/3.58)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *7.656 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0.9 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W4 = 1.5 * 1.97 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W5 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 12.0525+2.96+2.59 Load on beam in span BC = 11.484+11.484+2.96+2.59
= = = =
2.61 m 3.58 m 7.656 KN/m 11.484 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.61 m 3.58 m 7.656 KN/m 11.484 KN/m
= = = =
0.115 m 0.9 m 3 19 KN/m 1.97 KN/m
= =
2.96 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
17.6025 KN/m
28.518 KN/m
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 17.6025 KN/m A 4.08 D.F. F.E.M. 1 -24.418 B 3.58 0.467 0.533 24.418 -30.458 1 30.458 28.518 KN/m C
202
Balance C.O. Finl Momnts, KN-m 1.411
2.821 3.219 1.61
-23.007
27.239
-27.239
32.068
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to external loads Due to support moments Total Total, KN A 35.909 B 35.909 51.047 C 51.047
-1.037 34.872 34.872
1.03725 36.9463
-1.349 49.698
1.349 52.396 52.396
86.644
SPAN MOMENTS Span AB BC = 34.872*4.08/2+-23.007-17.6025*4.08^2/8 = 49.698*3.58/2+-27.239-28.518*3.58^2/8 = = 11.505 KN-m 16.033 KN-m
LOADING DIAGRAM 17.6025 KN/m -23.007 A 4.08 34.872 27.239 B 2.61 36.9463 49.698 52.396 -27.239 28.518 KN/m 32.068 0 C
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m 20 B.M. KN-m 10 0 -1 -10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 0 2.04 11.505 11.505 4.08 -27.239 5.87 16.033 7.66 -32.068 16.033 7.66 0
0 -23.007
0 8
203
-10 -20 -23.007 -30 -40 -27.239 -32.068 B.M. KN-m
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 60 0 0 34.872 4.08 4.08 7.66 -52.396 7.66 0
S. F. , KN 0 40 34.872 20
49.698 -36.946 49.698
0 0 -20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 8
-40
-36.946 -52.396
-60
S. F. , KN
2
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment )
204
Span AB Span BC
11.505 16.033
0.33 0.45
0.093 0.128
184.67 184.67
16 16
2 2
402 402
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C 23.007 27.239 32.068 0.65 0.77 0.91 0.187 0.224 0.267 184.67 201.9584 240.7272 16 16 16 2 2 2 402 402 402
c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 86.644*10^3/(230*392) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 86.644 KN 2 0.96 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
41.52 KN
2
Location A B
cbd KN 41.38 41.38
Vus KN MIN 45.264
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 1.15
205
52.396
0.45
0.459
41.38
MIN
#VALUE!
100
AB 26 4.08 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 10.41 SAFE
BC 26 2.61 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 6.66 SAFE
206
207
208
209
= = = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
11.60 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
Coefficent of M.I of Flanged beam, kt From Chart 88 of SP-16 Moment of Inertia of T-beam, Ib = 2.3*1/12 *0.23*0.425^3
210
Stiffness of beam, =( 4 I/l )b
= 4*0.0034/3.125
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
0.323
= =
9.44 KN-m 18.13 KN
A AB 1 0 1.52456
B BA 0.323 3.04912 1.03213
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -9.44 9.44 6.39088 -6.39088 -3.04912 -3.19544 3.19544 2.16331 -2.16331 -1.03213 -1.08166 1.081656 0.73228 -0.73228 -0.34938 -0.36614 0.366141 0.24788 -0.24788 -0.11826 -4.55 18.125 4.55 18.125 -4.5489
D DC 1
-1.52456 -0.51606 -0.17469
0.51606 0.34938 0.17469 0.11826 2.21531 4.55
-2.21531
211
9.61 KN-m
= = = = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
2 73.19 mm
20 mm 0.23 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Some of the bars may be curtailed after veryfying the rules for curtailement. Some bars can be bent up also. 2 Section at support: Negative moment at support = 4.55 KN-m
212
Mu/bd2
4.55*10^6/(230*365^2)
= =
0.15 0.04
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
213
2 -541.61 N/mm
2 23.18 N/mm
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 14.877 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
214
= 18.125- 0.28*11.6 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater =
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 335 mm
Shear force at effective depth 'd' from face support, Vu Vu=18.125-(0.45/2+0.365)*11.6 Area of steel at support , As Percentage of steel, Pt = 100As/bd = 0.8fck/6.89pt but not less than 1 Permissible shear stress in the concrete, c c = 0.85fck((1+5 )-1)/6 Shear resisted by concrete, Vuc = c*bd Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 11.28*10^3/(230*365) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck)
11.28 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.13 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
215
= 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = = = 8 mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -8.11 m
KN
11.28 KN -54.201 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -244 mm
175 mm
216
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 73.19 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
2 10.94 N/mm
-24.08
= =
0.17 0.8
8.56 > = INCREASE THE DEPTH OF BEAM OR CALCULATE THE DEFLECTION CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION: (b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) = = = = = = = = = = = 1340 125 425 365 mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-500.864
Data: Breadth of compression face Depth of Flange , Overall Depth Effective depth Charecteristic strength of concrete Yield strength of steel Breadth of web Support Moment Support Moment Fixed end moments Fixed end moments
230 4.55 4.55 9.44 9.44
217
Span Moment
( Mo )
= = = = = = = = = =
9.61 kN-m 301 mm

2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-7549914300
-0.39
218
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo = Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm) ( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) ( acs = k3*Ccs*l2 ) = = =
-0.02 mm
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.12 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
0.125 0.000
0 0.00 mm
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
0.24 mm
Short term deflection due to permanent load using Ec, ai(perm) = Creep deflection due to perm. loads , acc ( perm) = aioc(perm) -ai(perm) = Total deflection d = dsc +acs +acc Allowable deflection as per clause 23.2(a) of IS-4562000 should not exceed l/250 =
0.14 mm 0.10 mm 0.21 mm
12.5 mm
219
HENCE, SAFE IN DEFLECTION 5 Check for spacing: As per clause 26.3 of IS-456-2000 Maximum distance between bars in tension ( As per table 15 of IS-456-2000 ) ( i ) Clear distanace between bars at support ( ii ) Clear distanace between bars at centre =(230-2*30-10*20)/(9)
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -8110 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -8110 450 2 T- 20
16220 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
220
300
20 T-20
221
222
223
224
225
5.16 5.16
226
5.16
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235

21/12/2009
MS BRN
INPUT DATA: Grade of Concrete,fck Minimum Yield stress of HYSD bar, fy Thickness of slab, ts No. of spans Floor finishes Load due to partitions Total Live Load on slab, L.L. Assume breadth of Beam , b Assume depth of Web of Beam, ( Excluding slab ) dw The height of floor from top of floor slab Unit weight of concrete, Dead weight of slab Breadth of column, bc Depth of column, dc Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = LOADS ON BEAM , KN/m From RB10 A S10 3.58 B S9 3.32 C
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 1 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
Load on beam due to slab S9: Load on slab,S8, w1 w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S1 = Load on beam span, ly W1 w1 = w lx/3 = 7.13*3.32/3 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *7.891 Load on beam due to slab S10: Load on slab, w =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
3.32 m 4.8 m 7.891 KN/m 11.8365 KN/m
236
w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S9 = Load on beam span, ly W3 w2 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*2.13*(3-(2.13/3.58)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *6.697 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0.9 * 20 Factored load on beam due to wall, W4 = 1.5 * 2.07 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W5 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span ABC = (11.8365+10.0455)/2 +3.11+2.59 Load from Beam RB5 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 91.69 16.641 A 3.58 6.9 FIXED END MOMENTS: Due to U.D.L at 'A' Due to point load at A = = 16.641*6.9^2/12 91.69*3.58*3.32^2/6.9^2 = = 66.023+75.995 = = 16.641*6.9^2/12 91.69*3.58^2 *3.32/6.9^2 = = 66.023+81.946 = = = = 66.023 75.995 142.018 66.023 81.946 147.969 KN-m KN-m KN-m KN-m KN-m KN-m B 3.32 C = 91.69 KN = 16.641 KN/m = = 3.11 KN/m 2.59 KN/m = = = = 0.115 m 0.9 m 3 20 KN/m 2.07 KN/m = 10.0455 KN/m = = = 2.13 m 3.58 m 6.697 KN/m
Total fixed end moment at A Due to U.D.L at 'B Due to point load at B Total fixed end moment at B
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to U.D.L. loads Due to point load = = A 57.411 44.118 B 57.411 47.5725
237
Due to support moments Total Shear Force, KN
-0.862 100.667
0.862 105.845
SPAN MOMENTS Bending moment will be maximum under the point load AB = 100.667*3.58-16.641*3.58^2/2-142.018
111.731 KN-m
LOADING DIAGRAM 91.69 142.018 A 3.58 100.667 6.9 B 3.32 105.845 KN 16.641 147.969 C KN/m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m 150 B.M. KN-m 100 50 0 -1 -50 -100 -150 -200 -142.018 B.M. KN-m -147.969 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 8 0 0 3.58 6.9 6.9
0 -142.018 111.731
-147.969 0 111.731
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 150 0 0 100.667 3.58 41.092 3.58 6.9 6.9 0
S. F. , KN 0 100 100.667
-50.598 -105.846
238
100
100.667
50
41.092 0 0 1 2 3 4 -50.598 5 6 7 0 8
-50
-100 S. F. , KN
-105.846
-150
2
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 12 3 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span ABC 111.731 1.65 0.512 638.2592
829
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A C 142.018 147.969 2.1 2.19 0.677 0.712 843.9482 887.5792 20 12 20 12 c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = = 105.846 KN 2 0.85 N/mm 2 2 2 3 855 968
239
= 105.846*10^3/(230*542) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE
2 2.77 N/mm
Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
2
Location A C
cbd KN 67.57 70.81
Vus KN MIN MIN
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! #VALUE!
Span Basic span / effective depth ratio Effective span, m Area of steel required, Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast, prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = = = = =
ABC 26 6.9 638 829 0.67
240
Service stress in steel, fs Modification factor Permissisble span/effective depth ratio Actual span/effective depth ratio RESULT
= = = =
185.24 1.4 36.4 12.73 SAFE
241
242
243
Total loads from slab Load on beam due to slab on L/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Load on beam due to slab on R/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Total load on beam due to slab Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.3*25 Load on beam due to wall Total load on beam = 2.9+1.725+2.07
= = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
244
Total Factored Load on beam, Wu = 1.5*6.695 THE BEAM IS A T- BEAM Distance between points of zero moments , lo
10.04 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 10.04*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 10.04*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION = 0.677
0.323
= =
8.17 KN-m 15.69 KN
245
10.04 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C
A AB 1 0 1.31946
B BA 0.323 2.63891 0.89327
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -8.17 8.17 5.53109 -5.53109 -2.63891 -2.76555 2.765545 1.87227 -1.87227 -0.89327 -0.93614 0.936137 0.63376 -0.63376 -0.30237 -0.31688 0.316882 0.21453 -0.21453 -0.10235 -3.94 15.6875 3.94 15.6875 = -3.9369
D DC 1
-1.31946 -0.44664 -0.15119
0.44664 0.30237 0.15119 0.10235 1.91728 3.94
-1.91728
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 10.04*3.125^2/8-3.94 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365 Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf
8.32 KN-m
= = = = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
246
If Df/d < 0.2 = Df and if Df/d > 0.2 = yf = 0.15xumax + 0.65Df 415.76 KN-m = 0.36*20*230*175*(365-0.42*175)+(1340-230)*107.5*0.446*20*(365-107.5/2))/10^6 If Df/d <= 0.2 ,Mulim = 0.36*fck* bw* xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* Df * 0.446* fck *( d-Df/2) If Df/d > 0.2 ,MulimT= 0.36*fck* bw*xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* yf * 0.446* fck *(d-yf/2) Mu<Mulim,T Area of Steel required , Astreq = 0.5*20*(1-SQRT(1-(4.6*8.32*10^6)/(20*1340*365^2)))*1340*365/415 Select dia of bar, No.of bars required Provide Area of steel provided, Astprov = = 2 2 =
2 63.34 mm
Limiting moment of resistance of T-beam,MulimT
20 mm 0.2 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
Check for bearing stress at bends:( Clause 26.2.2.5 of IS-456-2000): IS-2502-1963 ( for bending and fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement )
247
450 170 314 250 r= 200 225 425
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
2 -541.61 N/mm
2 23.18 N/mm
248
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 15.6875- 0.28*10.04 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater = 12.8763 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

1.3*175.84*10^6/(12.8763*10^3)+365
>
=
Ld
47*
249
= 18117.9 Maximum allowable diametre
= =
47* 385 mm
Hence, O.K. CHECK FOR SHEAR: As the ends of the reinforcement are confined by compressive reaction,shear at a distance 'd' will be considered for calculation at support.
9.76 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.12 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 273.75 mm 1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm = 300 mm = 300 mm 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement
250
Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min Vus min = 0.87*fy*Asv*d/sv Shear resistance of section with minimum shear reinforcement = Vuc + Vus min This occurs at distance from face of support x =(15.6875-109.641)/(10.04)-0.45/2
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -9.58 m
KN
9.76 KN -55.721 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -238 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to9.58 m from either face of supports i.e -54no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection: Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*63.34/1610 Modification factor, mft
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 63.34 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
2 9.47 N/mm
-21.62
251
mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3 = -449.696 = = 0.17 0.8
-449.696
230 3.94 3.94 8.17 8.17 8.32
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
2 3.13 N/mm
4 M.I. gross section ( Igr ) = 2.94E+09 mm Igr = bf*Df^3/12 + bfDf(yt-df/2)^2 + bw(D-Df0^3/12+ bw(D-Df)*((yt-D-Df)/2)^2
252
Igr =1340*125^3/12+1340*125*61.5^2+230*300^3/12+230*300*151^"2 Cracking moment ( Mr = fcr*Igr/yt ) = 30.60 kN-m Mr = fcr*Igr/yt ) = (3.13*2942394833.33333/301)/10^6 Depth of neutral axis (Xu = 0.48*d) Rectangular portion of stress block, Df or yf Depth of centre of compressive force from the extreme fibre in compression ( L = 0.42*Xu ) = 0.42*175 Modular ratio ( m =ES/EC) =200000/22360.68) Transformed area of steel ( m*Ast ) ( m*Ast )= 8.94*1610 M.I.of cracked section , Ir Ir = Xu*bw*(Xu-L)2 + m*Ast*(d-Xu )2 Ir = 175*230*(175-73.5)^2+14393.4*(365-175)^2 For simply supported members: = = = 73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-2839808018
-1.04 -0.04 mm
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) = = = =
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 8.76 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.09 mm
253
Fully ccontinuous k3 K4
-4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 0.125 0.000
Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep:
= =
0 0.00 mm
Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm)
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
0.21 mm
0.12 mm 0.09 mm 0.18 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
254
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -9580 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -9580 450 2 T- 20
19160 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
255
256
257
258
259
260
3.37 2.98
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269

16/12/09
MS BRN
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 4 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
A S1 4.13
B S3 2.972
C S5 4.72
D S7 2.61
Load on beam due to slab S1: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S1 = Load on beam span, ly W1 W1 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.13/3 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *9.82 Load on beam due to slab S3: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.13 m 4.88 m 9.82 KN/m 14.73 KN/m
270
Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S3 = Load on beam span, ly W2 W2 = w lx/3=7.13 * 2.972/3 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *7.06 Load on beam due to slab S5: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S5 = W3 W3 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.72/3 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *11.22 Load on beam due to slab S7: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S7 = Load on beam span, ly W4 W4 = w lx/3=7.13 * 2.61/3 Factored load on beam, W4 = 1.5 *6.2 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w5 w5 = 0.23 * 0.9 * 19
Factored load on beam due to wall, W5 = 1.5 * 3.93
= = = =
2.972 m 4.88 m 7.06 KN/m 10.59 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.72 m 4.88 m 11.22 KN/m 16.83 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.61 m 4.88 m 6.2 KN/m 9.3 KN/m
= = = = = =
0.23 m 0.9 m 3 19 KN/m 3.93 KN/m 5.9 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W6 W6 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 14.73+5.9+2.59 Load on beam in span BC = 10.59+5.9+2.59 Load on beam in span CD = 16.83 + 5.9 + 2.59
23.22 KN/m
19.08 KN/m
25.32 KN/m
271
Load on beam in span DE =9.3+5.9+2.59 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 23.22 A 4.13 D.F. F.E.M. Balance C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Finl Momnts, KN-m -2.115 -3.963 1 -33.005 KN/m B 2.972 0.418 0.582 33.005 -14.044 -7.926 -11.035 10.12 -4.23 -5.89 3.711 -1.551 -2.16 0.614 19.08
17.79 KN/m
KN/m C 4.72 0.386
25.32
KN/m D 2.61
17.79 E
0.356 47.007 -13.139 6.362
0.644 -10.099 -23.769
1 10.099
14.044 -47.007 20.239 -5.518 12.724 -6.57
-11.885
7.422 4.666 -2.945 -1.1325 2.504 1.574
-2.265 -4.097 2.333 -0.831 -1.502 -2.0485
-39.083
19.298
-19.298
35.746
-35.746
39.467
-39.467
-3.8345
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to loads Due to moments Total Total, KN A 47.949 B 47.949 28.353 C 28.353 59.755 D 59.755 23.216 E 23.216
4.791 52.74 52.74
-4.79056 43.1584
-5.534 22.819
5.534 33.887
-0.788 58.967
0.788 60.543
13.652 36.868
-13.652 9.564 9.564
65.977 SPAN MOMENTS
92.854
97.411
Span AB BC CD = 52.74*4.13/2+-39.083-23.22*4.13^2/8 = 20.317 KN-m -6.455 KN-m 32.905 KN-m
= 22.819*2.972/2+-19.298-19.08*2.972^2/8 = = 58.967*4.72/2+-35.7455-25.32*4.72^2/8 =
272
DE
=36.868*2.61/2-17.79*2.61^2/8+-39.467
-6.503 KN-m
LOADING DIAGRAM 23.22 KN/m KN-m -39.083 A 4.13 52.74 19.298 B 2.972 43.1584 22.819 -19.298 19.08 KN/m 35.746 -35.7455 C 4.72 33.887 58.967 25.32 KN/m 39.467 -39.467 D 2.61 60.543 36.868 9.564 17.79 -3.8345
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m 40 B.M. KN-m 30 20 10 0 -2 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -39.083 -35.7455 B.M. KN-m -39.467 0 0 2 4 -19.298 6 -6.455 8 10 12 0 14 -3.8345 16 -6.503 20.317 0 0 2.065 20.317 4.13 -19.298 5.616 7.102 9.462 32.905 11.822 -39.467
0 -39.083
-6.455 -35.7455 32.905
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 80 S. F. , KN 60 40 20 0 0 -20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 22.818 0 16 -9.565 0 0 52.74 0 52.74 4.13 -43.159 4.13 22.818 58.966 7.102 -33.888 7.102 58.966 11.822 -60.544 11.822 36.867
36.867
273
-20 -40 -60 -80 DESIGN FOR FLEXURE: Provide Width of beam , wb Maximum Bending Moment Depth of beam required , db db= SQRT((39.467*10^6)/(0.138*20*230)) Provide overall depth of Beam, Db Clear cover to beam Dia of the main reinforcement Effective depth of Beam, db Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd =((0.85/415)*(230*392) Mu , KN-m Ast mm
2
-33.888 -43.159 -60.544 S. F. , KN
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 16 16 16 2 2 2 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB Span BC Span CD Span DE 20.317 -6.455 32.905 -6.503 0.57 -0.18 0.93 -0.18 0.163 -0.049 0.273 -0.049 184.67 184.67 246.1368 184.67
402 402 402 402
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C D E 39.083 19.298 35.746 39.467 -3.8345 1.11 0.55 1.01 1.12 -0.11 0.33 0.158 0.298 0.333 -0.03 297.528 184.67 268.6768 300.2328 184.67 16 16 16 16 16 2 2 2 2 2 402 402 402 402 402
274
c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 119.032*10^3/(230*392) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 119.032 KN 2 1.32 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
41.52 KN
2
Location A B C D
cbd KN 41.38 41.38 41.38 41.38
Vus KN MIN MIN 51.474 56.031
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! #VALUE! 1.31 1.43
AB 26 4.13
BC 26 2.972
CD 26 4.72
DE 26 2.61
275
= = = = = = =
185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 10.54 SAFE
185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 7.58 SAFE
246 402 0.45 147.29 2 52 12.04 SAFE
185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 6.66 SAFE
276
277
278
Total loads from slab Load on beam due to slab on L/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*4*(3-(4/3.125)^2)/6
= =
2 3 KN/m
2.72 KN/m
279
Load on beam due to slab on R/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Total load on beam due to slab Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.3*25 Load on beam due to wall Total load on beam = 4.17+1.725+1.9665 Total Factored Load on beam, Wu = 1.5*7.8615 THE BEAM IS A T- BEAM Distance between points of zero moments , lo
= = = = = =
1.45 KN/m 4.17 1.73 1.97 7.86 KN/m KN/m KN/m KN/m
11.79 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column = 0.677
0.323
280
D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 11.79*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 11.79*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 11.79 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C = = 9.59 KN-m 18.42 KN
A AB 1 0 1.54879
B BA 0.323 3.09757 1.04853
0.52426 0.35493 0.17746 0.12014 2.25051 4.62
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -9.59 9.59 6.49243 -6.49243 -3.09757 -3.24622 3.246215 2.19769 -2.19769 -1.04853 -1.09884 1.098844 0.74392 -0.74392 -0.35493 -0.37196 0.371959 0.25182 -0.25182 -0.12014 -4.62 18.4219 4.62 18.4219 = -4.6212
D DC 1
-1.54879 -0.52426 -0.17746
-2.25051
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 11.79*3.125^2/8-4.62 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d
9.77 KN-m
= = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm
281
Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
= =
0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
2 74.41 mm
20 mm 0.24 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck] Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415) Provide
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
20
2 No.s ( straight)
282
T Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K.
25 =
2 No.s( extra ) 2 1610 mm
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
2 -541.61 N/mm
Design bearing strength = 1.5 fck/( 1+2/a)
2 23.18 N/mm
283
= 1.5*20/(1+2*25/170) Provide 200 mm internal radius of bend Distance of point of contraflexure: Distance of point of contraflexure from left end,m = 0.27 and 2.85
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =270 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 635 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =635-450/2 = 410mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 18.421875- 0.27*11.79 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo = 15.23858 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
635 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
284
At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 327 mm
11.47 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.14 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
285
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -7.96 m
KN
11.47 KN -54.011 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -245 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to7.96 m from either face of supports i.e -45no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection: Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 74.41 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
286
pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*74.41/1610 Modification factor, mft mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3 = -507.936 =
2 11.12 N/mm
-24.42
= =
0.17 0.8
-507.936
230 4.62 4.62 9.59 9.59 9.77
Distance from centroidal axis of gross section, neglecting the reinforcement to the extreme fibre in tension , yt Area of steel provided, Percentage of tensile steel Percentage of compression steel Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete Effective span Short term static modulus of elasticity, Ec Ec = 5000fck Modulus of Elasticity of steel, Es Deflection due to service loads dsu = wl4/384EI ( dsu )
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm 2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
287
Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ): Modulus of rupture of concrete (fcr) fcr = 0.7 * sqrt( fck ) = 0.7 *SQRT(20) =
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-9153481072
-0.32 -0.01 mm
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo = Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc =
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.29 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
288
dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm)
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
0.125 0.000
= =
0 0.00 mm
0.24 mm
0.14 mm 0.10 mm 0.21 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
HENCE, SAFE Minimum distance between individual bars shall not be less than As per clause 26.3.2 of IS-456-2000 1 Dia of bar if dia. Are equal = 2 Dia of larger bar if they are unequal = 3 5mm more than nomimal max. size of = aggregate( using 20mm aggregate)
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
289
5mm more than nomimal max. size of aggregate( using 20mm aggregate) Minimum spacing between bars HENCE, SAFE DRAWING: = 25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -7960 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -7960 450 2 T- 20
15920 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
290
291
292
293
294
13.127 -6.503
14.432 14.432 -3.8345 0
14.432 -9.565
14.432 0
295
296
5.16 5.16 5.16 5.16
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306

Client Project Title Consultant : : : : G.VIJAYA NAIDU RESIDENTIAL BUILDING Design of Roof Beam- RB8 Second Floor ) Date: Designed: Checked: Approved
21/12/2009
MS BRN
INPUT DATA: Grade of Concrete,fck Minimum Yield stress of HYSD bar, fy Thickness of slab, ts No. of spans Floor finishes Load due to partitions Total Live Load on slab, L.L. Assume breadth of Beam , b Assume depth of Web of Beam, ( Excluding slab ) dw The height of floor from top of floor slab Unit weight of concrete, Dead weight of slab Breadth of column, bc Depth of column, dc Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = LOADS ON BEAM , KN/m From RB10 A S10 2.1 B S7 2.61 S8 C
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 1 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.61 m 4.08 m 6.203 KN/m 9.3045 KN/m
307
w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S8 = Load on beam span, ly W3 w2 = w lx/3=7.13*2.61/3 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *6.203 Load on beam due to slab S10: Load on slab, w w = + 0.9 + 0.115 + 0.45 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S8 = Load on beam span, ly W3 w3 = w lx/3=1.47*2.1/3 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *1.029 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0.9 * 20 Factored load on beam due to wall, W4 = 1.5 * 2.07 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W5 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = (9.3045+9.3045+2.59) Load on Beam in span BC = 1.544 + 3.11 + 2.59 Load from Beam RB6 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 100.67 21.199 7.244 A 2.61 4.71 FIXED END MOMENTS: Due to U.D.L at 'A' Due to U.D.L at 'B = = 21.199*4.71^2/12 21.199*4.71^2/12 = = 39.19 39.19 KN-m KN-m B 2.1 C = 100.67 KN = 7.244 KN/m = 21.199 KN/m = = = = = = = 1.544 KN/m 0.115 m 0.9 m 3 20 KN/m 2.07 KN/m 3.11 KN/m 2.59 KN/m = = = 2.1 m 3.58 m 1.029 KN/m =
2 1.47 KN/m
= = = =
2.61 m 3.58 m 6.203 KN/m 9.3045 KN/m
308
Due to point load at C Due to U.D.L. in span BC Total fixed end moment at B
100.67*2.1 7.244*2.1^2/2 = 39.19+211.407
= = =
211.407 15.974 266.571
KN-m KN-m KN-m
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to U.D.L. loads Due to support moments Total Shear Force, KN = = A 27.665 -87.119 -59.454 B 27.665 87.119 114.784
SPAN MOMENTS Maximum span moment at centre AB = 21.199*4.71^2/8-(39.19+ (266.571-39.19)/2)
-94.095 KN-m
LOADING DIAGRAM 21.199 #REF! A -59.454 2.61 266.571 B 114.784 KN KN/m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m B.M. KN-m -0.5 0 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -266.571 -300 B.M. KN-m -39.19 0 0 0 0 -39.19 0.5 1.305 2.61 2.61 0 2 2.5 0 3
-94.095 -266.571 1 1.5
-94.095
309
-300
B.M. KN-m
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0 -59.454 1.305 1 -87.119 1.5 2.61 -114.783 2 2.61 0 0 2.5 3
-20 S. F. , KN -40 -60 -80
-59.454
-87.119 -100 -120 -140 S. F. , KN -114.78339
2
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span ABC -94.095 -0.92 -0.243 314.21
402
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A 39.19 0.38 0.108 314.21 16 2 402
310
402 C 266.571 2.61 0.886 1359.213 20 16 c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 114.784*10^3/(230*667) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 114.784 KN 2 0.75 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
3 2
1345
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
41.52 KN
Hence, if Vus <41.52 KN provide minimum shear reinforcement i.e., 8 mm dia. Two legged vertical stirrups at 200 mm c/c spacing Vu KN -59.454 114.784 100As/ bd 0.26 0.88 c N/mm 0.365 0.594
2
Location A C
cbd KN 55.99 91.13
Vus KN MIN MIN
ABC 26 2.61
311
= = = = = = =
314 402 0.26 188.01 2 52 3.91 SAFE
312
313
314
Total loads from slab Load on beam due to slab on L/S
= =
2 3 KN/m
1.45 KN/m
315
= wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Load on beam due to slab on R/S = wlx/6(3-(lx/y)^2 ) = 3*1*(3-(1/3.125)^2)/6 Total load on beam due to slab Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.3*25 Load on beam due to wall Total load on beam = 2.9+1.725+2.07 Total Factored Load on beam, Wu = 1.5*6.695 THE BEAM IS A T- BEAM Distance between points of zero moments , lo = = = = = 2.9 1.73 2.07 6.70 KN/m KN/m KN/m KN/m = 1.45 KN/m
10.04 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) = 0.677
316
Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 10.04*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 10.04*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION
0.323
= =
8.17 KN-m 15.69 KN
10.04 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C
A AB 1 0 1.31946
B BA 0.323 2.63891 0.89327
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -8.17 8.17 5.53109 -5.53109 -2.63891 -2.76555 2.765545 1.87227 -1.87227 -0.89327 -0.93614 0.936137 0.63376 -0.63376 -0.30237 -0.31688 0.316882 0.21453 -0.21453 -0.10235 -3.94 15.6875 3.94 15.6875 = -3.9369
D DC 1
-1.31946 -0.44664 -0.15119
0.44664 0.30237 0.15119 0.10235 1.91728 3.94
-1.91728
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 10.04*3.125^2/8-3.94 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement
8.32 KN-m
= = =
20 mm 30 mm 2
317
Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
= = =
365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
2 63.34 mm
20 mm 0.2 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck] Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415)
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
318
Provide Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K.
T T
20 25 =
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
2 -541.61 N/mm
319
2 23.18 N/mm
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 15.6875- 0.28*10.04 Area of steel provided, Ast Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 = 12.8763 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
320
Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

1.3*175.84*10^6/(12.8763*10^3)+365 = 18117.9 Maximum allowable diametre
>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 385 mm
9.76 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.12 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv = = 8 mm
100.53 N/mm2
321
Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement
394.53 mm
300 mm
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -9.58 m
KN
9.76 KN -55.721 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -238 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to9.58 m from either face of supports i.e -54no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection: Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req
= = =
26 3.125 mm
2 63.34 mm
322
Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*63.34/1610 Modification factor, mft mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3
= =
2 1610 mm
0.329
2 9.47 N/mm
-21.62
= =
0.17 0.8
-449.696
8.56 > = INCREASE THE DEPTH OF BEAM OR CALCULATE THE DEFLECTION CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION: (b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) ( Mo ) = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1340 125 425 365 mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-449.696
230 3.94 3.94 8.17 8.17 8.32
Distance from centroidal axis of gross section, neglecting the reinforcement to the extreme fibre in tension , yt Area of steel provided, Percentage of tensile steel Percentage of compression steel Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete Effective span Short term static modulus of elasticity, Ec
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
323
Ec = 5000fck Modulus of Elasticity of steel, Es Deflection due to service loads ( dsu ) dsu = wl4/384EI Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ): Modulus of rupture of concrete (fcr) fcr = 0.7 * sqrt( fck ) = 0.7 *SQRT(20) = =
2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-2839808018
-1.04 -0.04 mm
Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc = dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo =
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 8.76 kN-m
0.7 0.8
324
Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 )
4 1.23E+09 mm
2.40 0.09 mm
= =
0.125 0.000
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
= =
0 0.00 mm
0.21 mm
0.12 mm 0.09 mm 0.18 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
HENCE, SAFE Minimum distance between individual bars shall not be less than
325
As per clause 26.3.2 of IS-456-2000 1 Dia of bar if dia. Are equal 2 Dia of larger bar if they are unequal 3 5mm more than nomimal max. size of aggregate( using 20mm aggregate) Minimum spacing between bars HENCE, SAFE DRAWING:
= = =
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -9580 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -9580 450 2 T- 20
19160 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
326
327
328
329
330
331
8.93 2.64
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341

12/12/09
MS BRN
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 3 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
S1 S2 4.13
S3 S4 2.97
S5 S6 4.72
Load on beam due to slab S1: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length beam span, ly Load onof long from slab S1 = W1 W1 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.13/3 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *9.82 Load on beam due to slab S2: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.13 m 4.88 m 9.82 KN/m 14.73 KN/m
342
Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S2 = Load on beam span, ly W2 W2 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.13/3 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *9.82 Load on beam due to slab S3: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S3 = Load on beam span, ly W3 W3 = w lx/3=7.13 * 2.97/3 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *7.06 Load on beam due to slab S4: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S4 = Load on beam span, ly W4 W4 = w lx/3=7.13 * 2.97/3 Factored load on beam, W4 = 1.5 *7.06 Load on beam due to slab S5: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S5 = Load on beam span, ly W5 W5 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.72/3 Factored load on beam, W5 = 1.5 *11.22 Load on beam due to slab S6: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S6 = Load on beam span, ly W6 W6 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.72/3 Factored load on beam, W6 = 1.5 *11.22 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall
= = = =
4.13 m 6.1 m 9.82 KN/m 14.73 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.97 m 4.88 m 7.06 KN/m 10.59 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.97 m 6.10 m 7.06 KN/m 10.59 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.72 m 4.88 m 11.22 KN/m 16.83 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.72 m 6.10 m 11.22 KN/m 16.83 KN/m
0.115 m
343
Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W7 = 1.5 * 0 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W8 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 14.73+14.73+0+2.59 Load on beam in span BC = 10.59+10.59+0+2.59 Load on beam in span CD = 16.83 + 16.83 + 0 + 2.59 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 32.05 A 4.13 D.F. F.E.M. Balance C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Finl Momnts, KN-m -3.197 -5.87 1 -45.556 KN/m B 2.97 0.418 0.582 45.556 -17.473 -11.739 -16.344 15.297 -6.394 -8.903 2.509 -1.049 -1.46 0.614 23.77
= = = = =
0 m 3 19 KN/m 0 KN/m 0 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
32.05 KN/m
23.77 KN/m
36.25 KN/m
KN/m C 4.72 0.386
36.25
KN/m D
1 67.299
17.473 -67.299 30.593 -8.172 5.018 3.154 -4.452 2.734 1.718 19.233
9.617
1.577
-54.623
26.374
-26.374
43.194
-43.194
78.493
SHEAR FORCES Support A B C D
344
Due to external loads Due to support moments Total Total, KN
66.183
66.183 35.298
35.298
85.55
85.55
6.84 73.023 73.023
-6.83995 59.343
-5.663 29.635
5.663 40.961
-7.479 78.071
7.479 93.029 93.029
88.978 SPAN MOMENTS
119.032
Span AB BC CD = 73.023*4.13/2+-54.623-32.05*4.13^2/8 = 27.835 KN-m -8.575 KN-m 40.105 KN-m
= 29.635*2.97/2+-26.374-23.77*2.97^2/8 = = 78.071*4.72/2+-43.194-36.25*4.72^2/8 = LOADING DIAGRAM 32.05 KN/m -54.623 A 4.13 26.374 B 2.97 59.343 29.635 -26.374 23.77 KN/m 43.194 -43.194 C 4.72 40.961 78.071
36.25 KN/m 78.493 KN-m D 93.029 KN
73.023
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m 60 B.M. KN-m 40 20 0 -2 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 Span, m B.M. KN-m -54.623 -78.493 0 0 2 4 -26.374 -43.194 -8.575 6 8 10 27.835 0 12 0 0 2.065 27.835 4.13 -26.374 5.615 -8.575 7.1 -43.194 40.105 9.46 40.105 11.82 -78.493
0 -54.623
14
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
345
Span,m 100 80 S. F. , KN 73.023 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 0 0
0 0
0 73.023
4.13
4.13
7.1 -40.963
7.1 78.069
11.82 -93.031
11.82 0
-59.344 78.069 29.634
29.634 0 12
8 -40.963
10
14
-59.344
-93.031 S. F. , KN
2
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 16 16 2 2 2 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB Span BC Span CD 27.835 -8.575 40.105 0.79 -0.24 1.13 0.23 -0.066 0.337 207.368 184.67 303.8392
402 402 402
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A 54.623 1.55 0.477 430.0632 16 2 515
346
12 B C D 26.374 43.194 78.493 0.75 1.22 2.22 0.218 0.366 0.724 196.5488 329.9856 652.7584 16 16 16 12 c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 119.032*10^3/(230*392) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = = = = = = =
1 2 2 2 3
515 402 402 741
119.032 KN 2 1.32 N/mm

2 2.77 N/mm
Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
2
Location A B C D
cbd KN 45.44 41.38 41.38 52.2
Vus KN MIN 47.598 77.652 MIN
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 1.21 1.98 #VALUE!
347
AB 26 4.13 207 402 0.45 123.94 2 52 10.54 SAFE
BC 26 2.97 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 7.58 SAFE
CD 26 4.72 304 402 0.45 182.02 1.68 43.68 12.04 SAFE
348
349
350
351
= = = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
12.39 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
352
0.323
= =
10.08 KN-m 19.36 KN
A AB 1 0 1.62792
B BA 0.323 3.25584 1.1021
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -10.08 10.08 6.82416 -6.82416 -3.25584 -3.41208 3.41208 2.30998 -2.30998 -1.1021 -1.15499 1.154989 0.78193 -0.78193 -0.37306 -0.39096 0.390964 0.26468 -0.26468 -0.12628 -4.86 19.3594 4.86 19.3594 = -4.8573
D DC 1
-1.62792 -0.55105 -0.18653
0.55105 0.37306 0.18653 0.12628 2.3655 4.86
-2.3655
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 12.39*3.125^2/8-4.86
10.26 KN-m
353
1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
= = = = = =
20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
415.76 KN-m = 0.36*20*230*175*(365-0.42*175)+(1340-230)*107.5*0.446*20*(365-107.5/2))/10^6 If Df/d <= 0.2 ,Mulim = 0.36*fck* bw* xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* Df * 0.446* fck *( d-Df/2) If Df/d > 0.2 ,MulimT= 0.36*fck* bw*xumax*(d-0.42xumax)+ (bf-bw)* yf * 0.446* fck *(d-yf/2) Mu<Mulim,T
2 = 78.15 mm 0.5*20*(1-SQRT(1-(4.6*10.26*10^6)/(20*1340*365^2)))*1340*365/415
Select dia of bar, No.of bars required Provide Area of steel provided, Astprov
= = 2 2 =
20 mm 0.25 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck]
354
Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415) Provide Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K.
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
Stress in bar at the face of column,s = 2 = (0.87*415*(34)/1610 7.62 N/mm The stress in the bar varies linearly and diminishes to zero at required anchorage
355
Stress at the centre of bend 0.87*415*(25-407)/25 Tensile force due to design loads in the bar, Fbt Fbt = -5516.84*Pi()*25^2/4 Actual bearing stress, = = Fbt/( r ) -2708072.5/(200*25)
= =
-5516.84 N/mm2 -2708073 N
2 -541.61 N/mm
2 23.18 N/mm
As per clause 26.2.3.1 of IS-456-2000 , the reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the the effective depth, 'd', or 12 whichever is greater except at simple support or end of cantilever.In addition clause 26.2.3.2 to 26.2.3.5. The reinforcement shall extend beyond the point of contraflexure for a distance of 12 or deff whichever is greater The negative moment reinforcement shall extend in a span for a distance from the centre of column =280 +12*25 or 365 whichever is greater 645 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN Development Length, Ld =25mm From the face of the column, extend the bars for a distance of =645-450/2 = 420mm 1600 mm say Provide 2- T-25 extra up to1600mm from face of column Development Length: ( As per clause 26.2.3.3( c ) of IS-456-2000) Development length for negative moment reinforcement : Development length for positive moment reinforcements: at point of contraflexure Shear force at point of contraflexue , Vu = 19.359375- 0.28*12.39 Area of steel provided, Ast = 15.89018 KN Checked while providing reinforcements
645 mm
2 1610 mm
356
Moment of resistance of section assuming all reinforcemnts at the section to be stressed fd = 0.87fy , Mu1 Mu1 = 0.87*415*1610*(365-125/2)*10^-6 Sum of the anchorage beyod the centre of support and and the anchorage value of any hook or mechanical anchorage at simple support; and at a point of inflection, Lo At point of inflection Lo should not be greater than effective depth 'd' or 12 whichever is greater
= 175.84 KN-m
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 314 mm
12.05 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.14 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy
357
Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
300 mm
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -7.51 m
KN
12.05 KN -53.431 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -248 mm
175 mm
Hence, provide 8mm dia. 2 legged vertical stirrups at 175 mm c/c spacing up to7.51 m from either face of supports i.e -42no.s and then provide 8mm dia. At 300 mm c/c 5 Check for Deflection:
358
Basic span/effective depth ratio l/d As per clause 23.2.1 of IS-456-2000 Effective span , l Area of steel required , Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast prov Percentage of steel provided, pt = 100 Ast/bfd pt = 100*1610/(1340*365) Service stress in steel , fs fs = 0.58*fy*Ast req/Ast prov = 0.58*415*78.15/1610 Modification factor, mft mft. = 1/0.225 +.00322fs -0.625log(bf d/100 As) Ratio of width of web to width of Flange, bw/bf Reduction factor for Flanged beams, mrf mrf = 0.80 for bw/bf < 0.30 mrf = 0.80 +2/7(bw/bf -.30) for bw/bf > 0.3
= = = = =
26 3.125 mm
2 78.15 mm 2 1610 mm
0.329
2 11.68 N/mm
-25.55
= =
0.17 0.8
-531.44
8.56 > = INCREASE THE DEPTH OF BEAM OR CALCULATE THE DEFLECTION CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION: (b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) ( Mo ) = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1340 125 425 365 mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-531.44
230 4.86 4.86 10.08 10.08 10.26
Distance from centroidal axis of gross section, neglecting the reinforcement to the extreme fibre in tension , yt Area of steel provided,
301 mm
2 1610 mm
Ast 359
Percentage of tensile steel Percentage of compression steel Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete Effective span Short term static modulus of elasticity, Ec Ec = 5000fck
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
= = = = = = =
0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm

2 200000 N/mm 0.05 mm
Modulus of Elasticity of steel, Es Deflection due to service loads ( dsu ) dsu = wl4/384EI Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ): Modulus of rupture of concrete (fcr) fcr = 0.7 * sqrt( fck ) = 0.7 *SQRT(20)
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-23425551087 Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff For continuous members: K2 = M1+M2/MF1+MF2
= =
-0.13 -0.01 mm
0.48
360
K1 for a value of K2 = 0.70 ( From Table 25 of IS-456-2000) = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.80 = K1 for a value of K2 = 0.71 = Modified value of Mr , Xe = k1*( M1+M2)/2 +(1-k1)*Mo = Effective moment of inertia ( Ieff ) Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Xe/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) Igr/Ieff Shortterm deflection( cracked section )dsc dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff Deflection due to shrinkage: Type of support condition Cantilever Simply supported Continuous at one end Fully ccontinuous k3 K4 -1 ( K3 = 0.500 ) - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 ) -3 ( k3 = 0.086 ) -4 ( k3 = 0.063 ) = = k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0 k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0 Shrinkage curvature value Deflection due to shrinkage Deflection due to Creep: Modulus of elasticity of concrete ( Ec = 5700*sqrt( fck )) = Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm) ( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) ( acs = k3*Ccs*l2 ) = = =
k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.80 kN-m

4 1.23E+09 mm
0.7 0.8
2.40 0.11 mm
0.125 0.000
0 0.00 mm
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
0.26 mm
Short term deflection due to permanent load using Ec, ai(perm) = Creep deflection due to perm. loads , acc ( perm) = aioc(perm) -ai(perm) = Total deflection d = dsc +acs +acc Allowable deflection as per clause 23.2(a) of IS-4562000 should not exceed l/250 HENCE, SAFE IN DEFLECTION Check for spacing: As per clause 26.3 of IS-456-2000 5 Maximum distance between bars in tension ( As per table 15 of IS-456-2000 ) ( i ) Clear distanace between bars at support =
0.15 mm 0.11 mm 0.22 mm
12.5 mm
= =
180 mm 120 mm
361
( ii ) Clear distanace between bars at centre =(230-2*30-10*20)/(9)
130 mm
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -7510 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -7510 450 2 T- 20
15020 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
362
20 T-20
363
364
365
366
11.82 0
367
368
4.07 5.16 5.16 2.83
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378

12/12/09
MS BRN
INPUT DATA: Grade of Concrete,fck Minimum Yield stress of HYSD bar, fy Thickness of slab, ts No. of spans Floor finishes Load due to partitions Total Live Load on slab, L.L. Assume breadth of Beam , b Assume depth of Web of Beam, ( Excluding slab ) dw The height of floor from top of floor slab Unit weight of concrete, Dead weight of slab Breadth of column, bc Depth of column, dc Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = LOADS ON BEAM , KN/m From RB5 A S8 2.61 B S9 S10 2.13 C
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 1 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
2.61 m 3.58 m 6.203 KN/m 9.3045 KN/m
379
w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S10 = Load on beam span, ly W2 w2 = w lx/3=7.13*2.13/3 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *5.062 Load on beam due to slab S9: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S9 = Load on beam span, ly W3 w1 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*3.32*(3-(3.32/4.8)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *9.948 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w7 w7 = 0.115 * 0 * 19 Factored load on beam due to wall, W4 = 1.5 * 0 Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W5 W8 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span ABC = 9.3045+0+2.59 Load from Beam RB5 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 52.396 25.961 A 2.13 4.74 FIXED END MOMENTS: Due to U.D.L at 'A' Due to point load at A = = 25.961*4.74^2/12 = 48.607+33.838 = = 48.607 33.838 82.445 KN-m KN-m KN-m 52.396*2.13*2.61^2/4.74^2 = B 2.61 C = 52.396 KN = 25.9608 KN/m = = 0 KN/m 2.59 KN/m = = = = 0.115 m 0 m 3 19 KN/m 0 KN/m = 14.922 KN/m = = = 3.32 m 4.8 m 9.948 KN/m =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = =
2.13 m 3.58 m 5.062 KN/m 7.593 KN/m
Total fixed end moment at A
380
Due to U.D.L at 'B Due to point load at B Total fixed end moment at B =
25.961*4.74^2/12 = 48.607+27.615
= =
48.607 27.615 76.222
KN-m KN-m KN-m
52.396*2.13^2 *2.61/4.74^2 =
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to U.D.L. loads Due to point load Due to support moments Total Shear Force, KN = = = A 61.528 28.851 1.313 91.692 C 61.528 23.545 -1.313 83.76
SPAN MOMENTS Bending moment will be maximum under the point load AB = 91.692*2.13-25.961*2.13^2/2-82.445
53.968 KN-m
LOADING DIAGRAM 52.396 82.445 A 2.13 91.692 4.74 B 2.61 83.76 KN 25.961 76.222 C KN/m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m B.M. KN-m 80 60 40 20 0 -1 -20 -40 -60 -80 -82.445 -76.222 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 5 6 0 0 2.13 53.968 4.74 -76.222 53.968 4.74 0
0 -82.445
381
-80 -100
-82.445
-76.222 B.M. KN-m
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM Span,m 120 S.100 , KN F. 91.692 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 S. F. , KN -83.759 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 -16.001 3 3.5 4 4.5 0 5 36.395 0 0 0 91.692 2.13 36.395 2.13 4.74 4.74 0
-16.001 -83.759
2
= = = = = = = =
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Reinforcemnt Dia. mm 16 12 2 1 No. Area mm2
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span ABC 53.968 1.53 0.47 423.752
515
382
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A C 82.445 76.222 2.33 2.16 0.768 0.7 692.4288 631.12 16 12 16 12 c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 91.692*10^3/(230*392) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv Spacing of minimum shear reinforcement, svmin sv, min = 0.87fy*Asv/0.4*b Provide spacing of min. shear reinforcement = 200 mm = = = = = 91.692 KN 2 1.02 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
3 1 2 2
716 628
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm
1. 0.75 d for vertical stirrups and d for inclined stirrups = 2. 300 mm = 3. Spacing from min shear reinforcement Shear force resisited by minimum shear reinforcement, Vus, min =
As per clause 26.5.1.5 maximum spacing of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 294 mm 300 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
2
Location A C
cbd KN 51.48 49.14
Vus KN MIN MIN
Span Basic span / effective depth ratio =
ABC 26
383
Effective span, m Area of steel required, Ast req Area of steel provided, Ast, prov Percentage of steel provided, pt Service stress in steel, fs Modification factor Permissisble span/effective depth ratio Actual span/effective depth ratio RESULT
= = = = = = = =
4.74 424 515 0.57 198.17 1.41 36.66 12.09 SAFE
384
385
386
387
= = = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
9.89 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam = 0.677
388
D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 9.89*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 9.89*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 9.89 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C = 0.323
= =
8.05 KN-m 15.45 KN
A AB 1 0 1.30008
B BA 0.323 2.60015 0.88015
0.44008 0.29793 0.14897 0.10085 1.88912 3.88
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -8.05 8.05 5.44985 -5.44985 -2.60015 -2.72493 2.724925 1.84477 -1.84477 -0.88015 -0.92239 0.922387 0.62446 -0.62446 -0.29793 -0.31223 0.312228 0.21138 -0.21138 -0.10085 -3.88 15.4531 3.88 15.4531 = -3.8791
D DC 1
-1.30008 -0.44008 -0.14897
-1.88912
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 9.89*3.125^2/8-3.88 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar Clear cover to reinforcement
8.19 KN-m
= =
20 mm 30 mm
389
No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
= = = =
2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
2 62.34 mm
20 mm 0.2 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck] Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span Minimum reinforcement , Pt min
= = =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm 2 172 mm
390
Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415) Provide Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K. Check for bearing stress at bends:( Clause 26.2.2.5 of IS-456-2000): IS-2502-1963 ( for bending and fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement ) 450 170 314 250 r= 200 225 425 T T 20 25 = 2 No.s ( straight) 2 No.s( extra ) 2 1610 mm
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
2 -541.61 N/mm
391
2 23.18 N/mm
645 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
392
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 391 mm
9.62 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.11 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
100.53 N/mm2
393
394.53 mm
300 mm
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -9.75 m
KN
9.62 KN -55.861 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -237 mm
175 mm
= = =
26 3.125 mm
2 62.34 mm
394
= =
2 1610 mm
0.329
2 9.32 N/mm
-21.39
= =
0.17 0.8
-444.912
-444.912
230 3.88 3.88 8.05 8.05 8.19
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
395
2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-2644707066
-1.11 -0.04 mm
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 8.62 kN-m
0.7 0.8
396
4 1.23E+09 mm
2.40 0.09 mm
= =
0.125 0.000
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
= =
0 0.00 mm
0.20 mm
0.12 mm 0.09 mm 0.18 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
397
= = =
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -9750 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -9750 450 2 T- 20
19500 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
398
399
400
401
402
403
2.94 3.32
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413

21/12/09
MS BRN
INPUT DATA: Grade of Concrete,fck Minimum Yield stress of HYSD bar, fy Thickness of slab, ts No. of spans Floor finishes Load due to partitions Total Live Load on slab, L.L. Assume breadth of Beam , b Assume depth of Web of Beam, ( Excluding slab ) dw The height of floor from top of floor slab Unit weight of concrete, Dead weight of slab Breadth of column, bc Depth of column, dc Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = LOADS ON BEAM , KN/m From A S2 4.13 B S4 2.972 C S6 4.76 D S9 4.80 RB6 E
2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm
125 mm 4 2 1 KN/m
2 1.5 KN/m 2 1.5 KN/m
Load on beam due to slab S2: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S2 = Load on beam span, ly W1 W1 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.13/3 Factored load on beam, W1 = 1.5 *9.82 Load on beam due to slab S4: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 =
2 7.13 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.13 m 6.1 m 9.82 KN/m 14.73 KN/m
414
Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S4 = Load on beam span, ly W2 W2 = w lx/3=7.13 * 2.972/3 Factored load on beam, W2 = 1.5 *7.06 Load on beam due to slab S6: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long span, ly Load on beam from slab S6 = W3 W3 = w lx/3=7.13 * 4.76/3 Factored load on beam, W3 = 1.5 *11.31 Load on beam due to slab S9: Load on slab, w w = 3.125 + 1.5 + 1.5 + 1 Length of short span, lx Length of long from slab S9 = Load on beam span, ly W4 w4 = w lx/6 [3-(lx/ly)^2]=7.13*3.32*(3-(3.32/4.8)^2)/6 Factored load on beam, W4 = 1.5 *9.948 Load on beam due to wall: Thickness of wall Height of wall Unit weight of wall Load on beam due to wall, w5 w5 = 0.115 * 0.9 * 19
Factored load on beam due to wall, W5 = 1.5 * 1.97
= = = =
2.972 m 6.1 m 7.06 KN/m 10.59 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
4.76 m 6.1 m 11.31 KN/m 16.965 KN/m
= = = = =
2 7.13 KN/m
3.32 m 4.80 m 9.948 KN/m 14.922 KN/m
= = = = = =
0.115 m 0.9 m 3 19 KN/m 1.97 KN/m 2.96 KN/m 2.59 KN/m
Load on beam due to self weight of beam , W6 W6 = 1.5 * 0.23 * 0.3 * 25 Load on Beam in span AB = 14.73+2.96+2.59 Load on beam in span BC = 10.59+2.96+2.59 Load on beam in span CD = 16.965 + 2.96 + 2.59
20.28 KN/m
16.14 KN/m
22.515 KN/m
415
Load on beam in span DE =14.922+2.96+2.59 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION 20.28 A 4.13 D.F. F.E.M. Moments Balance C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Finl Momnts, KN-m -1.972 -3.542 1 -28.826 -28.826 KN/m B 2.972 0.418 0.582 28.826 -11.88 28.826 -11.88 -7.083 -9.863 9.435 -3.944 -5.491 10.543 -4.407 -6.136 0.616 16.14
20.472 KN/m
KN/m C 4.76 0.384
22.515
KN/m D 2.61
20.472 E
0.354
0.646
1 11.621 269.283
11.88 -42.511 11.88 -42.511 18.869 11.762
42.511 -11.621 134.642 42.511 123.021 -58.598 -106.934 5.881 -2.082 -3.799 6.573 -2.327 -4.246
-4.932 -29.299 21.086 13.145 -2.746 -1.041
2.333 1.454
-63.166
42.218
-25.272
58.37
-89.001
34.469
131.063
280.904
SHEAR FORCES Support Due to loads Due to moments Total Total, KN A 41.878 B 41.878 23.984 C 23.984 53.586 D 53.586 26.716 E 26.716
5.072 46.95 46.95
-5.07215 36.8058
-11.137 12.847
11.137 35.121
11.456 65.042
-11.456 42.13
-57.41 -30.694
57.41 84.126 234.81
49.653 SPAN MOMENTS
100.163
11.436
Span AB BC = 46.95*4.13/2+-63.166-20.28*4.13^2/8 = -9.453 KN-m -24.001 KN-m
= 12.847*2.972/2+-25.272-16.14*2.972^2/8 =
416
CD DE
= 65.042*4.76/2+-89.001-22.515*4.76^2/8 =-30.694*2.61/2-20.472*2.61^2/8+131.063
= =
2.032 KN-m 73.575 KN-m
LOADING DIAGRAM 20.28 KN/m KN-m -63.166 A 4.13 46.95 42.218 B 2.972 36.8058 12.847 -25.272 16.14 KN/m 58.37 -89.001 C 4.76 35.121 65.042 22.515 KN/m 34.469 131.063 D 2.61 42.13 -30.694 84.126 20.472 280.904
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM Span, m 100 B.M. KN-m 50 0 -2 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -300 B.M. KN-m -280.904 0 -63.166 -89.001 0 2 -9.453 2.032 10 0 12-34.469 14 16 0 0 2.065 -9.453 4.13 -25.272 5.616 -24.001 7.102 -89.001 9.482 11.862
0 -63.166
2.032 73.575 -34.469
-24.001 4 -25.272 6
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM 200 Span,m S. F. , KN 150 0 0 0 46.95 4.13 -36.806 4.13 12.847 7.102 -35.121 7.102 65.042 150.685 11.862 -42.129 11.862 -30.693
100 65.042 50 46.95
105.85
417
0 0 -50
0 2 4
12.847 6 -36.806 8 -35.121 10 12 14 -30.693 -42.129 16
0 18
-84.125 -100 S. F. , KN
DESIGN FOR FLEXURE: Provide Width of beam , wb Maximum Bending Moment Depth of beam required , db db= SQRT((89.001*10^6)/(0.138*20*230)) Provide overall depth of Beam, Db Clear cover to beam Dia of the main reinforcement Effective depth of Beam, db Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd =((0.85/415)*(230*392) Mu , KN-m Ast mm2 Dia. mm 16 16 16 16 2 2 2 3 Reinforcemnt No. Area mm2 = = = = = 425 mm 25 mm 16 mm 392 mm 2 184.67 mm = = = 230 mm 89.001 KN-m 374.44 mm
Location
Mu/bd2
pt
Bottom Reinforcement ( for sagging moment ) Span AB Span BC Span CD Span DE -9.453 -24.001 2.032 73.575 -0.27 -0.68 0.06 2.08 -0.074 -0.182 0.017 0.669 184.67 184.67 184.67 603.1704
402 402 402 603
Top reinforcement (for hogging moment ) A B C D E 63.166 42.218 58.37 34.469 280.904 1.79 1.19 1.65 0.98 7.95 0.561 0.356 0.512 0.289 #NUM! 505.7976 320.9696 461.6192 260.5624 #NUM! 16 12 16 16 12 16 20 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 515 402 515 402 1546
418
16
1546
Provide overall depth = 700 mm in DE portion i.e, in cantiliever portion c DESIGN FOR SHEAR: Maximum Shear, Vu Nominal shear stress ( tv ) = 150.685*10^3/(230*392) Max. allowable shear stress in the concrete with shear reinforcement, cmax = 0.62 (fck) = 0.62*SQRT(20) Hence, SAFE Minimum shear reinforcement: Asv min = 0.4* b*sv/0.87fy = = = = = = = 150.685 KN 2 1.67 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
Assume dia. Of 2 legged verticle stirrups Area of 2 legged vertical stirrups , Asv
mm
100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm 200 mm
41.52 KN
Hence, if Vus <41.52 KN provide minimum shear reinforcement i.e., 8 mm dia. Two legged vertical stirrups at 200 mm c/c spacing Vu KN 46.95 49.653 100.163 11.436 234.81 100As/ bd 0.57 0.45 0.57 0.45 1.71 c N/mm 0.504 0.459 0.504 0.459 0.747
2
Location A B C D E
cbd KN 45.44 41.38 45.44 41.38 67.35
Vus KN MIN MIN 54.723 MIN 167.46
Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! #VALUE! 1.4 #VALUE! 4.27
Stirrups 2 leeged Dia. 8 8 8 8 10 Spacing 200 200 150 150 150
Span
AB
BC
CD
DE
419
AB 26 4.13 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 10.54 SAFE
BC 26 2.972 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 7.58 SAFE
CD 26 4.76 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 12.14 SAFE
DE 26 2.61 603 603 0.67 240.7 1.12 29.12 6.66 SAFE
420
421
422
423
= = = = = = = =
2 3 KN/m
11.79 KN/m
2.1875 m
4 0.0034 m
= =
3 0.0044 m 3 0.0017 m
M. I. of column, Ic = 1/12*0.23*0.45^3
Effective length of column , lc = 3.5-0.425/2 3.2875 m = COLUMN- FOOTING CONNECTION IS ASSUMED TO BE FIXED 3 Stiffness of column = (4 I/l)c = 4*0.0017/3.2875 = 0.0021 m
424
Distribution Factor of beam , Dfbeam D.Fbeam = 0.0044/(0.0044+0.0021) Distribution Factor of column, D.F.column D.F.column = 0.0021/(0.0044+0.0021) Fixed End moments = 11.79*3.125^2/12 Free shears = 11.79*3.125/2 MOMENT DISTRIBUTION
0.677
0.323
= =
9.59 KN-m 18.42 KN
11.79 KN/m B 3.125 3.2875 m C
A AB 1 0 1.54879
B BA 0.323 3.09757 1.04853
0.52426 0.35493 0.17746 0.12014 2.25051 4.62
C BC CB CD 0.677 0.677 0.323 -9.59 9.59 6.49243 -6.49243 -3.09757 -3.24622 3.246215 2.19769 -2.19769 -1.04853 -1.09884 1.098844 0.74392 -0.74392 -0.35493 -0.37196 0.371959 0.25182 -0.25182 -0.12014 -4.62 18.4219 4.62 18.4219 = -4.6212
D DC 1
-1.54879 -0.52426 -0.17746
-2.25051
Maximum positive moment at centre of beam Mu = 11.79*3.125^2/8-4.62 1 Section at centre: The beam acts as T- Beam Assume diametre of bar
9.77 KN-m
20 mm
425
Clear cover to reinforcement No. of layers of reinforcement Effective depth, d Ratio of Depth of Flange to effective depth, Df/d Limiting value of depth of neutral axis, xumax xumax =700*d/(1100+.87fy)=(700/(1100+0.87*415))*365
= = = = =
30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm
107.5 mm
2 74.41 mm
20 mm 0.24 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm
Percentage of steel,pt pt = 50[1-(1-4.6*Mu/bd2/fck)/fy/fck] Area of steel required, Astreq 20% of steel shall be carried in the span
= =
2 34 mm 2 6.8 mm
426
Minimum reinforcement , Pt min Pt min= (0.85/fy)*bd pt min = 0.85*230*365/(415) Provide Area of steel provided , Ast Hence, O.K.
2 172 mm
T T
20 25 =
= = =
200 mm 25 mm 407 mm
Stress in bar at the face of column,s = 2 = (0.87*415*(34)/1610 7.62 N/mm The stress in the bar varies linearly and diminishes to zero at required anchorage Stress at the centre of bend 0.87*415*(25-407)/25 Tensile force due to design loads in the bar, Fbt Fbt = -5516.84*Pi()*25^2/4 = = -5516.84 N/mm2 -2708073 N
427
Actual bearing stress, = = Fbt/( r )
-2708072.5/(200*25)
2 -541.61 N/mm
2 23.18 N/mm
635 mm
2 1610 mm
= 175.84 KN-m
428
= 365 mm
1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

>
= = =
Ld
47* 47* 327 mm
11.47 KN
= = = =
2 1610 mm
1.918 1.21
2 0.78 N/mm
= =
65.481 KN
2 0.14 N/mm
2 2.77 N/mm
100.53 N/mm2
429
394.53 mm
300 mm
44.16 KN
= =
109.641 -7.96 m
KN
11.47 KN -54.011 KN
= = =
mm
100.53 N/mm2 -245 mm
175 mm
= = =
26 3.125 mm
2 74.41 mm
430
= =
2 1610 mm
0.329
2 11.12 N/mm
-24.42
= =
0.17 0.8
-507.936
-507.936
230 4.62 4.62 9.59 9.59 9.77
301 mm
2 1610 mm 0.33 0.33 0.0003 3.125 m 2 22360.68 N/mm
Ast
( pt ) ( pc ) ( ecs ) (l)
431
2 200000 N/mm 0.04 mm
2 3.13 N/mm
= =
175 mm 107.5 mm
= = =
73.50 mm 8.94
2 14393 mm
4 9.34E+08 mm
Igr/Ieff = 2942394833.33333/-9153481072
-0.32 -0.01 mm
0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.29 kN-m
0.7 0.8
432
4 1.23E+09 mm
2.40 0.11 mm
= =
0.125 0.000
2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm
= =
0 0.00 mm
0.24 mm
0.14 mm 0.10 mm 0.21 mm
12.5 mm
= = =
180 mm 120 mm 130 mm
433
= = =
20 mm 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm
2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra
450
A
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c 450 -7960 T- 8 at 300 mm c/c
B
T- 8 at 175 mm c/c -7960 450 2 T- 20
15920 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125
300
20 T-20
434
435
436
437
105.85
F 2.19
-280.904
150.684 234.81
438
13.167
14.472 14.472 0
73.575 -280.904
14.472
14.472
16.662 105.85
16.662 0
-84.125 150.685
439
440
4.07 5.16 4.07 5.16 1.36
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450

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DESIGN OF ROOF BEAMS

R.V. CONSTRUCTIONS & CONSULTANTS, TIRUPATHI

4.13 m 4.88 m 11.208 KN/m 16.812 KN/m

4.13 m 6.1 m 12.474 KN/m 18.711 KN/m

0.115 m 0.9 m 3 19 KN/m 1.97 KN/m 2.96 KN/m 2.59 KN/m

23.3115 KN/m 1.86 C

37.096 -20.962 21.5815 37.096 0.6195

C.O. Balance C.O. Balance Finl Momnts, KN-m

-9.769 4.386 5.383

6.68 -3.46 -3.22 2.692 -1.394 -1.298

-1.73 0.777 0.953

-6.437 34.709 34.709

13.058 52.118 72.91 46.95 46.95

134.228 SPAN MOMENTS

Ast mm2 Dia. mm 16 16 16

Reinforcemnt No. Area mm2

402 402 402

515 402 402 515

100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm

cbd KN 45.44 41.38 41.38 45.44

Vus KN MIN 92.848 MIN 79.588

Vus/d , KN/Cm #VALUE! 2.37 #VALUE! 2.03

Stirrups 2 leeged Dia. 8 8 8 8 Spacing 200 150 200 150

Check for Deflection:

AB 26 3.68 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 9.39 SAFE

BC 26 3 324 402 0.45 194 1.58 41.08 7.65 SAFE

CD 26 3.22 185 402 0.45 110.77 2 52 8.21 SAFE

10.08 KN-m 19.36 KN

Joint Member D.F.

0 1.62792 0.55105 0.18653

-1.62792 -0.55105 -0.18653

20 mm 30 mm 2 365 mm 0.342 175 mm

Area of Steel required , Astreq

Select dia of bar,

No.of bars required Provide Area of steel provided, Astprov

0.25 no.s 20 25 2 1610 mm

2 No.s ( straight) 2 No.s( extra ) 2 1610 mm

Anchorage at centre of bend = 250+314/2

Design bearing strength = 1.5 fck/( 1+2/a) = 1.5*20/(1+2*25/170)

1.3 Mu1/Vu +Lo

100.53 N/mm2 394.53 mm

100.53 N/mm2 -248 mm

(b) Df (D) ( dd ) ( ) ( fck ) (fy ) ( bw ) ( M1 ) ( M2 ) ( MF1 ) ( MF2 ) ( Mo )

1340 125 425 365

mm mm mm mm 2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm mm kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m

230 4.86 4.86 10.08 10.08 10.26

0.48 k2 = 0.08 k2 = 0.16 -0.10 10.80 kN-m

2 25491.17 N/mm 1.6 2 9804.298 N/mm

0.15 mm 0.11 mm 0.22 mm

180 mm 120 mm 130 mm

15020 2 T- 20 + 2 T- 25 extra A B 125

20 T-20 230 SECTION -A -A 230 SECTION -B -B

4.07 5.16 5.16 4.07

DESIGN OF ROOF BEAMS

R.V. CONSTRUCTIONS & CONSULTANTS, TIRUPATHI

4.13 m 4.88 m 11.208 KN/m 16.812 KN/m

4.13 m 6.1 m 12.474 KN/m 18.711 KN/m

2.97 m 4.88 m 9.281 KN/m 13.9215 KN/m

2.97 m 6.10 m 9.751 KN/m 14.6265 KN/m

34.6255 KN/m 1.86 C

49.867 -31.043 21.326 49.867 -9.717

12.282 15.072 -10.399 4.669 5.73 -1.952 0.876 1.076

-20.798 -19.352 7.536 -3.904 -3.632 2.865 -1.484 -1.381

-7.148 54.167 54.167

Design bearing strength = 1.5 fck/( 1+2/a) = 1.520/(1+225/170)

Span AB = 54.1673.68/2+-29.131-33.32353.68^2/8 = 14.126 KN-m

Design bearing strength = 1.5 fck/( 1+2/a) = 1.520/(1+225/170)

1.3175.8410^6/(15.890175*10^3)+365 = 14750.7 Maximum allowable diametre Hence, O.K.

( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) ( acs = k3Ccsl2 )