Chapter 3, Problem 2.

For the circuit in Fig. 3.51, obtain v1 and v2.

12 A

6A

Figure 3.51
Chapter 3, Solution 2
At node 1,

v1 v1
v v2

= 12 + 1
10
5
2
At node 2,

v2
v v2
= 6 + 12 + 1
4
2

120 = - 8v1 + 5v2

72 = 2v1 + 3v2

Solving (1) and (2),

v1 = 0 V, v2 = 24 V
Chapter 3, Problem 4.

Given the circuit in Fig. 3.53, calculate the currents i1 through i4.

Figure 3.53
Chapter 3, Solution 4

(1)

(2)

2A

v1
i1
5

4A

i2

v2
i3

10

10

i4
5

5A

At node 1,
4 + 2 = v1/(5) + v1/(10)

v1 = 20

At node 2,
5 - 2 = v2/(10) + v2/(5)

v2 = 10

i1 = v1/(5) = 4 A, i2 = v1/(10) = 2 A, i3 = v2/(10) = 1 A, i4 = v2/(5) = 2 A

Chapter 3, Problem 9.

Determine Ib in the circuit in Fig. 3.58 using nodal analysis.

60 Ib
Ib
250
+

12 V

+
_

50

150

Figure 3.58 For Prob. 3.9.

Chapter 3, Solution 9

Let V1 be the unknown node voltage to the right of the 250- resistor. Let the ground
reference be placed at the bottom of the 50- resistor. This leads to the following nodal
equation:

V1 12 V1 0 V1 60I b 0
+
+
=0
250
50
150

which leads to
3V1 36 + 15V1 + 5V1 300I b = 0

But I b =

12 V1
. Substituting this into the nodal equation leads to
250
24.2V1 50.4 = 0 or V1 = 2.083 V.

Ib = (12 2.083)/250 = 39.67 mA.

Thus,

Chapter 3, Problem 10.

Find i0 in the circuit in Fig. 3.59.

V1

Figure 3.59
At Node V1:
V1/8 + 4 + (V1-V2)/1 = 0
Simplifying gives Eqn1: 9V1 8V2 = -32
At Node V2:
V2/4 2io (V1-V2) = 0
io = V1/8
Substitute for io:
V2/4 2(V1/8) (V1-V2) = 0
Simplifying gives Eqn 2: -5V1 + 5V2 = 0
Solving these two equations gives: io = -4A
Chapter 3, Problem 12.

V2

Using nodal analysis, determine Vo in the circuit in Fig. 3.61.

There are two unknown nodes, as shown in the circuit below.
10

V1

Vo

Ix
30 V

At node 1,

+
_

V1 30 V1 0 V1 Vo
+
+
=0
10
2
1
16V1 10Vo = 30

4 Ix

(1)

At node o,

Vo V1
V 0
4I x + o
=0
1
5
5V1 + 6Vo 20I x = 0
But Ix = V1/2. Substituting this in (2) leads to

15V1 + 6Vo = 0 or V1 = 0.4Vo

(2)

(3)

Substituting (3) into 1,

16(0.4Vo) 10Vo = 30 or Vo = 8.333 V.

Chapter 3, Problem 13.

Calculate v1 and v2 in the circuit of Fig. 3.62 using nodal analysis.

Figure 3.62

Chapter 3, Solution 13
At node number 2, [(v2 + 2) 0]/10 + v2/4 = 3 or v2 = 8 volts
But, I = [(v2 + 2) 0]/10 = (8 + 2)/10 = 1 amp and v1 = 8x1 = 8volts
Chapter 3, Problem 14.

Using nodal analysis, find vo in the circuit of Fig. 3.63.

Figure 3.63
Chapter 3, Solution 14

5A

v0

v1
1

2
4

40 V

20 V

At node 1,
[(v140)/1] + [(v1vo)/2] + 5 = 0 or 3v1 vo = 70

(1)

[(vov1)/2] 5 + [(vo0)/4] + [(vo+20)/8] = 0 or 7vo 4v1 = 20

(2)

At node o,

Solving (1) and (2),

4(1) + 3(2) = 4vo + 21vo = 280 + 60 or 17vo = 340 or
vo = 20 V.
Checking, we get v1 = (70+vo)/3 = 30 V.
At node 1,
[(3040)/1] + [(3020)/2] +5 = 10 + 5 + 5 = 0!
At node o,
[(2030)/2] + [(200)/4] + [(20+20)/8] 5 = 5 + 5 + 5 5 = 0!
Chapter 3, Problem 16.

Determine voltages v1 through v3 in the circuit of Fig. 3.65 using nodal analysis.

Figure 3.65

Chapter 3, Solution 16
2S

v2

v1
i0
2A

1S

v0

4S

8S

v3
13 V

At the supernode,
2 = v1 + 2 (v1 - v3) + 8(v2 v3) + 4v2, which leads to 2 = 3v1 + 12v2 - 10v3

(1)

But
v1 = v2 + 2v0 and v0 = v2.
Hence
v1 = 3v2
v3 = 13V
Substituting (2) and (3) with (1) gives,
v1 = 18.858 V, v2 = 6.286 V, v3 = 13 V
Chapter 3, Problem 17.
Using nodal analysis, find current io in the circuit of Fig. 3.66.

(2)
(3)

Figure 3.66
Chapter 3, Solution 17

v1
i0

2
10

v2

60 V
60 V

3i0

60 v1 v1 v1 v 2
=
+
4
8
2
60 v 2 v1 v 2
At node 2, 3i0 +
+
=0
10
2

At node 1,

But i0 =

120 = 7v1 - 4v2

(1)

60 v1
.
4

Hence
3(60 v1 ) 60 v 2 v1 v 2
+
+
=0
4
10
2

1020 = 5v1 + 12v2

Solving (1) and (2) gives v1 = 53.08 V. Hence i0 =

60 v1
= 1.73 A
4

Chapter 3, Problem 21.

For the circuit in Fig. 3.70, find v1 and v2 using nodal analysis.

(2)

Figure 3.70
Chapter 3, Solution 21
4 k

v1

2 k

v3

3v0
+

3v0
v2

+
v0

3 mA

1 k

v3

v2

(b)

(a)

Let v3 be the voltage between the 2k resistor and the voltage-controlled voltage source.
At node 1,
v v 2 v1 v 3
+
3x10 3 = 1
12 = 3v1 - v2 - 2v3
(1)
4000
2000
At node 2,
v1 v 2 v1 v 3 v 2
+
=
4
2
1

3v1 - 5v2 - 2v3 = 0

(2)

Note that v0 = v2. We now apply KVL in Fig. (b)

- v3 - 3v2 + v2 = 0
From (1) to (3),
v1 = 1 V, v2 = 3 V

v3 = - 2v2

(3)

Chapter 3, Problem 27.

Use nodal analysis to determine voltages v1, v2, and v3 in the circuit in Fig. 3.76.

Figure 3.76
Chapter 3, Solution 27
At node 1,
2 = 2v1 + v1 v2 + (v1 v3)4 + 3i0, i0 = 4v2. Hence,
At node 2,

2 = 7v1 + 11v2 4v3

v1 v2 = 4v2 + v2 v3

(1)
0 = v1 + 6v2 v3

(2)

At node 3,
2v3 = 4 + v2 v3 + 12v2 + 4(v1 v3)
or

4 = 4v1 + 13v2 7v3

In matrix form,
7 11 4 v 1 2
1 6 1 v = 0

2
4 13 7 v 3 4

(3)

11

11

= 1 6 1 = 176, 1 = 0 6 1 = 110
4 13 7
4 13 7

2 = 1

1 = 66,

11

3 = 1 6

4 4 7

v1 =

13

= 286

1 110
66
=
= 0.625V, v2 = 2 =
= 0.375V

176
176

v3 =

3
286
=
= 1.625V.

176

v1 = 625 mV, v2 = 375 mV, v3 = 1.625 V.

Chapter 3, Problem 31.

Find the node voltages for the circuit in Fig. 3.80.

Figure 3.80

Chapter 3, Solution 31
1

+ v0
v2

v1

2v0

v3

i0
1A

10 V

At the supernode,
1 + 2v0 =

v1 v 2 v1 v 3
+
+
4
1
1

(1)

But vo = v1 v3. Hence (1) becomes,

4 = -3v1 + 4v2 +4v3
At node 3,
2vo +

v3
10 v 3
= v1 v 3 +
4
2

20 = 4v1 + 0v2 v3

or

(2)

At the supernode, v2 = v1 + 4io. But io =

(3)

v3
. Hence,
4

v2 = v1 + v3
Solving (2) to (4) leads to,
v1 = 4.97V, v2 = 4.85V, v3 = 0.12V.

(4)