ANOVA

Sir Firstly we have to know dat ANOVA is used where more more than two set of data is given .or more than one factor have effect on particular properties. Like table at page no 51 in Gav LEAF book. In dat example four set of data given so we cant analysis this data with the help of any distribution or difference between mean method. in dat example showerproof properties is analysis on different MAKE of fabric. Dat example is simple One way ANOVA. Step first :- again make given data table do summation Fabric type I II III IV 3 2 49 23 I 3 10 7 -14 19 25 10 41 13 18 7 36 46 6 II 2 41 36 27 19 150 -14 27 34 37 III 49 13 46 34 53 195 19 19 53 6 IV 23 18 6 37 6 90 TOTAL 25 150 195 90

Make of fabric

TOTAL Calculation:-

1) TOTAL = B = 25+150+195+90 = 460 2) Correction factor (C.F)= ( B)2 /n here n 20 so CF = (460)2/20 = 10580 3) Sum Of Square Between Fabric =[ {(25)2+(150)2+(195)2+(90)2}/5]- CF here we firstly square of individual fabric data and then add them .here we divide this sum with 5 because 25 is sum of (3,10,7,-14,19). So SUM OF SQUARE B/W FABRIC = 1385010580=3270 4) TOTAL SUM OF SQUARE = [ 32+102+72+142+192+22+412+362+272+192+492+132+462+342+532+232+182+62+372+62 ]- CF . means in this we firstly do square of individual reading and then sum them then deduct that by CF. TOTAL SUM OF SQUARE = 15731 CF= 16456-10580 = 5876

Now we have to put value in ANOVA table which is as following

Step II( ANVOA TABLE)

Source of variation Between FABRIC

S.S. 3270( point 3 in calculation)

d.f. 3{ becoz 4 type of fabric DF IS N-1 =4-1=3} Difference 19-3=16

M.S.=S.S/d.f 3270/3=1090

Variance ratio or F 1090/162.9= 6.69

WITH IN FABRIC

TOTAL VARIATION

Difference of total variation and between fabric gives with fabric variation mean 5876-3270=2606 5876( point 4 in calculation)

2606/16 =162.9

19[ becoz total no of reading is 20 (4*5) so total d.f. is 20-1=19

STEP III COLCUSION:WE HAVE F calculated = 6.69 F table = F (K1,K2,) = F (3,16,0.025) = 4.07 SO F calculated > F table Thus we can say that there is significance difference between fabric.

Q2) The following data represents the production in kg per hour turned out by five different workers using 4 different types of Carding machines. Machine type Workers A B C D 1 74 68 77 66 2 76 70 82 73 3 64 66 74 62 4 73 68 76 63 5 68 72 79 69 (a) Test whether the mean productivity is the same for the different machine types. (b) Test whether the 5 men differ with respect to mean productivity. SOLUTION: Let us take the hypothesis that (a) the mean productivity is the same for 4 different machines, and (b) the 5 men do not differ with respect to main productivity. To simplify calculations let us subtract each value by 70. The coded data is given below: Workers 1 2 3 4 5 Total A +4 +6 -6 +3 -2 +5 B -2 0 -4 -2 +2 -6 C +7 +12 +4 +6 +9 +38 D -4 +3 -8 -7 -1 -17 Total +5 +21 -14 0 +8 T=20

Correction factor = T2/N = 400/20 = 20 Sum of squares between machines = (52/5) + (-62/5) + (382/5) + (-172/5) correction factor = (5 + 7.2 + 288.8 + 57.8) 20 = 358.8 20 = 338.8 Degree of freedom = (4-1) = 3 sum of squares between workers = (52/4) + (212/4) + (-142/4) + (02/4) + (82/4) correction factor = (6.25 + 110.25 + 49 + 0 +16) 20 = 181.5 20 = 161.5

 = (5-1) = 4 Total sum of squares = [ 42 + 62 + (-6)2 + 32 + (-2)2 + (-2)2 + 02 + (-4)2 + (-2)2 + 22 + 72 + 122 + 42 + 62 + 92 + (-4)2 + 32 + (-8)2 +(-7)2 + (-1)2 ] - correction factor = [ 16+ 36 + 36 + 9 + 4 + 4 + 16 + 4 + 4 + 49 + 144 + 16 + 36 + 81 + 16 + 9 + 64 + 49 + 1 ] 20 = 594 20 = 574 Residual or remainder= total sum of squares ( sum of squares between machines sum of squares between workers ) = 574 338.8 161.5 = 73.7 Degrees of freedom for remainder = 19 3 4 = 12

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE Source of variation Between machine types Between workers Remainder or residual S.S. 338.8 161.5 73.7 574 d.f. 3 4 12 19 M.S. 112.933 40.375 6.142 Variance ratio or F 112.933/6.142 = 18.387 40.375/6.142 = 6.574

(a) For 3 = 12, F0.05 = 3.49 Since the calculated value ( 18.4 ) is greater than the table value, we conclude that the mean productivity is not same for the four different types of machines. (b) For 4 = 12, F0.05 = 3.26 The calculated value ( 6.58 ) is greater than the table value. Hence the workers differ with respect to mean productivity.