Pad Steam dyeing Machine: Pad steam is a machine used for dyeing of cellulose (cotton) materials

Dyeing technique: Pad------ Steam (102C) ------ Wash------ Dry

Machine Specification: Manufacture No of washers Steamer Cooling drums Washer capacity Banana rollers in each washer Drying rollers Rolls in one washer Rollers in steamer Heat exchanger Pleva Machine width 16 23 78 2 for washers 1 110 Monforts Monotex 7 1 4 25mtr fabric 1

Main Sections of Machine: 1. 2. 3. 4. Inlet Section. Padding Section. Steamer. Washer.

5. Dryers. 6. Outlet Section.

Inlet Section: Inlet consists on following parts. a) b) c) d) Plaiter/batcher Tensioner rollers Free guide roller Stationary rollers.

Padder: Pad steamer is used for the fixation of dye on to the fabric. There Addition of chemicals for developing or fixation of dye is held in the trough of padder. Liquor is picked in the fabric; afterwards the excessive liquor is squeezed out by means of padders at predetermined pick-up% set by applying pressure on the padders.

Steamer: Here in steamer temperature required for the fixation is given to the fabric. This temperature is achieved by saturated steam. The purpose of using saturated steam is that the chemicals used for developing should not dry on the surface of fabric preventing fabric from stains. Here roof temperature is given to avoid water dropping that causes spotty dyeing. Here water is not given at the entry of steamer because to prevent developing chemicals that just applied before going into steamer so water lock is given at the end of steamer.

Steamer Temperature Fabrics dwell time Roof temperature Fabric capacity Water lock

101-102C 1minute. 102C-105C 75meter fabric 1 (at the end)

Washing Boxes: Washing is carried out in order to remove unfixed dyes. After steamer fabric flows from 7 washers, Most commonly first to four washers are used for washing of salt or chemicals which are being applied in trough of pad steamer. In 5th, 6th washer, oxidation is done if required. If oxidation is not required then soaping is done in 5th, 6th washers. Neutralization is done in 7th washer by using acetic acid.

Drying Drums: In the last of the pad steam machine, there are three groups of drying cylinder for dry the fabric. Each group has 12 hot cylinders but last one has 10 hot and 2 cool cylinders. All the cylinders are Teflon coated. Their purpose is to remove water molecules from fabric.

Following Processes can be carried out pad steam:

Reactive dyeing Pad batch dyeing Reduction Clearing Stripping Vat Development/vat dyeing Washing(Hot + Cold) HCl Pad(remove finish) Enzyme Pad(with enzyme LECO Z) Light bleach Mercerization Pad steam Wet chemical pad

Comparison between Pad Steam and Pad Thermosol:

Pad steam is suitable for achieving lighter shades, but pad Thermosol is best for achieving dark and medium shades The main difference between them is of steamer that is in pad steam and because of that we can do reactive dyeing on pad steam but cant on pad Thermosol because it needs proper reaction time that we achieve in steamer. There is water dropping problem in pad steam but that is not in pad Thermosol Pad steam is best for the dyeing of cellulose, while pad Thermosol is best for polyester dyeing. There is MAHLO present in pad steam but its not in pad Thermosol. Pad Thermosol is best for high temperature dyeing but pad steam for low temperature dyeing Wet treatment processes can be carried out on pad steam but cant be on pad Thermosol. In pad Thermosol drying and then curing takes place but on pad steam padding, drying, steaming and then drying again. Pad Thermosol is used for the topping of reactive or pigment dyes.