POTENCIAS Y RAÍCES

1. Expresar en notación científica:

a) Una millonésima Sol: 1 ⋅ 10 −6 g) 0’00724 Sol: 7′24 ⋅ 10 −3
b) 37 miles de millones Sol: 3 ′ 7 ⋅ 10 10 h) 35.594 Sol: 3 ′ 5594 ⋅ 10 4
c) 12 centésimas Sol: 1 ′ 2 ⋅ 10 −1 i) 95 ⋅ 10 18 Sol: 9 ′ 5 ⋅ 10 19
d) 4.257 billones Sol: 4 ′ 257 ⋅ 10 15 j) 37 ′ 2 ⋅ 10 11 Sol: 3 ′ 72 ⋅ 10 12
e) 0’23 Sol: 2 ′ 3 ⋅ 10 −1 k) 273 ⋅ 10 −15 Sol: 2 ′ 73 ⋅ 10 −13
f) 500.821 Sol: 5 ′ 00821 ⋅ 10 5 l) 0 ′ 43 ⋅ 10 −10 Sol: 4 ′ 3 ⋅ 10 −11

2. Efectuar las siguientes operaciones dando el resultado en notación científica:

a) 1 ′ 18 ⋅ 10 −4  ⋅ 3 ′ 21 ⋅ 10 6  ⋅ 10 5 Sol: 3 ′ 788 ⋅ 10 7
b) 2 ′ 24 ⋅ 10 14  : 6 ′ 31 ⋅ 10 4  Sol: 3 ′ 55 ⋅ 10 9
c) 3 ′ 28 ⋅ 10 15  + 4 ′ 5 ⋅ 10 13  Sol: 3 ′ 325 ⋅ 10 15
d) 6 ′ 84 ⋅ 10 2  − 3 ′ 18 ⋅ 10 3  + 1 ′ 2 ⋅ 10 4  Sol: 9 ′ 504 ⋅ 10 3
4 ′ 16 ⋅ 10 −5 + 3 ′ 84 ⋅ 10 −4  ⋅ 3 ′ 4 ⋅ 10 6 
e) Sol: 2 ′ 477 ⋅ 10 13
5 ′ 843 ⋅ 10 −11
′ ′ ′
f) 5 433 ⋅ ′10 − 4−33 ⋅ 10 + 23−52 ⋅ 10
3 3 2
Sol: 8 ′ 764 ⋅ 10 5
8 5 ⋅ 10 − 456 ⋅ 10
′
g) 4 63 ⋅ 10 −4 + 3 ′ 654 ⋅ 10 −4 − 400 ⋅ 10 −6 Sol: 8 ′ 568 ⋅ 10 15
5 ⋅ 10 −20

3. Simplificar:

a) 3 1 ⋅ 39 Sol: 12
243
3
1
4 3
a 2 ⋅ b ⋅ a ⋅ b 2  3 b
1
4
b) 1
Sol: a 10
a3 ⋅ b 2
2 1 1

c) a3 ⋅b4 Sol: a4 60
5
3
a⋅b b
3
3 ⋅ 3 −2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 24 41 11
d) −3
Sol: 2 20 ⋅ 3 15
5
54 ⋅ 3
4 a
⋅ 4 a3
2
3
a
Sol: a − 3
5
e) −1
 6 a  ⋅ 3 a2
 −5
a3 ⋅ 4 a ⋅ 3
a2
Sol: a −
23
f) 4

a5 ⋅  a 0 ⋅ 3 a5
1
g) 2 2 2 2 ⋅ 2 16 Sol: 2

x y
4 x y : x4 x
x
h) 1
Sol: 4
y
4x

i) 4 20 − 3 45 + 11 125 − 20 5 Sol: 34 5
j) 2
5
+4 18
125
+ 1
3
8
45
+ 5
2
Sol: 461
90
2
5

3a 4
k) 3 3 81ab 6 + 12b 3 8
+ 3 3a 7 Sol: 3b + a 2 3 3a

4. Racionalizar:
1+ 3
Sol: −2 − 3
3 22
a) 1
Sol: g)
32 2 1− 3

b) 3a b
Sol: 3 ab h) 23
Sol: 5 + 2
a 5− 2
4 2a 3 b 2
1 5+ 2 i) ab
Sol:
c) Sol: 3 4 8ab 2 2
5− 2
3+ 2 2ab 3 b 3 4ab
d) Sol: 5 + 2 6 j) Sol: 2
3− 2 3 16a 2 b 5
3 5 −4 3 +2 2 −11−4 6
e) Sol: 3 10 + 6 5 − 4 2 − 8 k) Sol: 5
5 −2 3 −2 2
2 −1 2− 2 5 10−3 5
f) Sol: 2
l) Sol: 11
8− 2 2 5 +3