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Remember that in these chord relationships that the m6 and m7b5 chords listed are identical. However, in the relationship to the 9th chords they are not absolutely identical because the root of the 9th chords is a note not present in the m6 or m7b5 chords being compared. So, in the list it would be better to say that the m6 and m7b5 shown are identical and the 9th is not identical, but close. It is handy to remember these relationships especially in creating runs. ie: a run based on Gm6 or Em7b5 will also fit against a C9. Conversely a C7 or C9 run with the root C not included will become a run that fits over Gm6 or Em7b5. Am6 = D9 = F#m7b5 Bm6 = E9 = G#m7b5 Cm6 = F9 = Am7b5 Dm6 = G9 = Bm7b5 Em6 = A9 = C#m7b5 Fm6 = Bb9 = Dm7b5 Gm6 = C9 = Em7b
Because of the above relationship of the 7b5 chords, it is possible to substitute A7 for Eb7, B7 for F7, etc in certain situations. I call these pairs alternate 7ths of each other as they might be substituted for each other. (E.G.) in Dm7 to G7 to Cmaj7 use Dm7 to Db7 to Cmaj7 providing it satisfies the ear.
If the roots are removed from each of the above four 7b9 chords what 4 notes are left? The 4 notes left are those notes of the diminished chords named by any of those 4 notes: C#dim, Edim, Gdim, and Bbdim. By extending this comparison it will be seen that since there are only 3 diminished chords (each chord with 4roots times 3 chords equals 12 roots in all.) Three diminished chords therefore are common to 12 different 7b9 chords.