DESIGN-IV: MACHINERY BASIC DESIGN DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

ATTACHMENT NO. NUMBER OF PAGES DOCUMENT NO.

01 9

02 6

03 3

DOC. NO. 02 - 42 09 050 - ES

01 REV.

10/3/12 Document Format DATE DESCRIPTION

I Gusti N. Dirgantara
PREPARED BY

Ir. Dwi Priyanta, MSE.

CHECKED BY

Ir. Hari Prastowo, MSc.

APPROVED BY

DESIGN-IV: MACHINERY BASIC DESIGN

Project : DESIGN IV

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Doc. No : 02 - 42 09 050 - ES Rev.No : 01 Type : Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PHILOSOPHY 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Description 1.2 Purpose 2. REFERENCES 3. ABBREVIATIONS 4. DESIGN PARAMETER ........................................... ........................................... ........................................... ........................................... ........................................... ......................................... ..................................... .................................. 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 7 7 9 5 6 6 6

4.1 Principal Dimensions

4.2 Coefficients and Contants 4.4 Another Parameters 5. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 5.2 Lightweight Tonnage 5.3 Deadweight Tonnage 5.4 Payload 6. SUMMARY LIST OF TABLES

4.3 Project Guide Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................... ..................................... ..................................... .....................................

5.1 Displacement Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

............................................. . .......................................... ....

Table 5.2.1 - weight base design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LIST OF FIGURES Figure 5.2.1 - Outfit Weight Graph Figure 5.2.2 - Main Engine Weight Figure 5.2.3 - Weight Remainder ATTACHMENT NO. 01 - CALCULATION 1. Displacement Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Ligh Weight Tonnage 3. Dead Weight Tonnage 4. Payload LIST OF TABLES Table 1 - weight base design LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 - Outfit Weight Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 2 - Main Engine Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 3 - Weight Remainder .................................. .................................. .................... .................... ................... ..................... ............................... ............................... ...............................

1 1 6 6 2 2 4 4

..........................................

ATTACHMENT NO. 02 - CARGO HOLDS VOLUME ATTACHMENT NO. 03 - LIQUID CHARACTERISTIC

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Description a. Displacement The word displacement refers to the weight of the water that the ship displaces while floating. Another way of thinking about displacement is the amount of water that would spill out of a completely filled container were the ship to be placed into it. A floating ship always displaces an amount of water of the same weight as the ship. The weight of water that would displaced by the volume of the hull measured on the outer surface of the shell plating below the waterline. Displacement tonnage of a vessel can be obtained directly from Archimedes principle by multiplying its underwater volume by the density of water. A ship's displacement is its weight at any given time, generally expressed in metric tons or long tons. The term is often used to mean the ship's weight when it is loaded to its maximum capacity. A number of synonymous terms exist for this maximum weight, such as loaded displacement, full load displacement and designated displacement. Displacement is a measurement of weight, and should not be confused with similarly named measurements of volume or capacity such as net tonnage, gross tonnage, or deadweight tonnage. b. Light Weight Tonnage The components of the lightweight in merchant ship practice consist of the structural weight, the outfit weight, the machinery weight and the margin. 1) Structural Weight Approximation (WS) 2) Outfit Weight Calculation (WO) 3) Machinery Weight (WM) 4) Margin Merchant Ship c. Dead Weight Tonnage Is the weight that come from the value of weight displacement minus the light weight tonnages. That consist of cargo's weight, fuel oil, fresh water, ballast water, provision and ship's crew weight 1.2 Objective The objective of this document is to determine the estimation of displacement, light weight tonnage, and dead weight tonnage in order to find the relation between among of them. 2 REFERENCES a. Practical Ship Design : Watson D. G. M. b. Engine Selection Guide - Two Stroke MC/MC-C Engines, 6th Edition: January 2002, MAN B&W 3 ABBREVIATIONS Lpp Lwl B H T Vs Cb sea water K = Length of between perpendicular = Length of waterline = Breadth of ship = Height of ship = Draught of ship = Ships velocity = Block coefficient = Sea water density = Wet steel weight's constant

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SFOC W res Wst E l1 l2 h1 h2 Woa Wm Wd MCR RPM Wr Wres

= Specific Fuel Oil Consumption = Reserve weight = Displacement volume = Ships displacement = Wet steel weight = Steel weights parameter = Length of forecastle deck = Length of poop deck = Height of forecastle deck = Height of poop deck = Weight of outfit and accomdation = Machineriy weight = Main engines weight = Maximum continous rating (kW) = Engine RPM = Auxiliary engines weight = Reserve weight

4 DESIGN PARAMETER 4.1 Principal Dimension 1. Lpp = 123 = 20.2 2. B 3. T 4. H 5. LWL 6. Vs 7. Distance 8. Time of Voyage 1. Cb disp 2. Cb wl 3. Cp disp 4. Cp wl 5. Am 6. Cm 1. BHP = = = = = = = = 8.8 = 11.5 = 127.92 = 14.5 = 1200 = 125.46 0.69438 0.717 0.70321 174.916 0.984 kW gr/kWh ton/m3 r/min g/BHPh 4 m m m m m knot Nm days

= = =

26.8308 km/hours 2222.4 96 km hours

4.2 Coefficient and Constants

4.3 Project Guide's Data 6320 173 0.991 127 0.95 2. SFOC = 3. HFO = 4. MCR 5. RPM = =

6258.88 kW

6. SLOC =

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4.4 Another Parameters l1 = length of full width erection= h1 = height of full width erection= l2 = length of houses h2 = height of houses 5 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 5.1 Displacement Calculation a. Displacement Volume = Lwl x B x T x Cb where : B T Cb b. Weight Displacement = x sea water where : sea water 5.2 Light Weight Tonnage = =

31.2 2.5 10.6 2.5

m m m m

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) = = = = Displacement volume Ships length on the water line Ship width in the middle of ship Draft on fully cargo Block coefficients

Lwl =

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2) = = = ships displacement ships displacement volume the density of sea water

2.1 Structural Weight Approximations a. The formula to calculate the structural weight of our ship reffer to Practical Ship Design Chapter 4 - 4.2 Structural Weight Approximations, 4.2.1 Lloyd's Equipment number method. For those not familiar with the old E number, the formula for this is as follows: E = L ( B +T ) + 0.85 L ( D -T ) + 0.85 ( l1 h1 ) + 0.75 ( l2 h2 ) Where : L = legth between perpendicular B = breadth T = draft D = depth l1 = length of full width erection= h1 = height of full width erection= l2 = length of houses h2 = height of houses = = 31.2 2.5 10.6 2.5 m m m m . . . . . . (3)

as the result that we found, we can know that value is suitable with our ship or not by the table 1 below:

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table 5.2.1 - weight base design

b.

The effect of the block coefficient on steel-weight By the same token all steel-weights read from the graph must be corrected from the standard to the desired block coefficient. The standard block was set at Cb' = 0.70 measured at 0.8D Corrections to the steel-weight for variations in Cb from the standard 0.70 value can be made using the following approximate relationship : WS = WSI (1 + 0.05 ( CB' - 0.7 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) Where : WS = Steel weight for actual CB at 0.8 WSI = Steel weight for actual CB = 0.70 as plotted/lifted from graph
1.36 WSI = K E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5) take from the table 1 - weight base design

Where : K = 0.032

The relationship Between CB at moulded and C B at Depth CB' = CB + (1 - CB) (0.8D - T) / 3T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6) 2.2 Outfit Weight Calculation The traditional method of estimating the outfit weight for a new merchant ship was by proportioning the outfit weight of a similar ship on the basis of the relative square numbers, i.e., L x B, and then making corrections for any known differences in the specifications of the basis and new ships.
(Practical Ship Design - Chapter 4, 4.4 Outfit Weight Calculations, page 99)

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Figure 5.2.1 - Outfit Weight Graph

Figure 1, this shows that even for a particular type of ship the ratio outfit weight/square number is not always constant, although near constant values do seem to apply to general cargo ships and container ships. To find the outfit weight value, as figure 1 above, I have drawn my estimation according to my ships length 123 meters, and then I expand a line throug the tanker line. Cross line between both of them show us the value of Wo/(LxB). Figure 1, show the value of Wo/(LxB) is approximately 0.3 2.3 Machinery Weight Divided into two components: propulsion machinery and remainder. a. Propulsion Machinery Weight Approximately values for slow and medium speed diesels can be obtained from figure 2, the base parameter used in this plot is the maximum torque rating of the engines as represented by MCR/RPM, by the formula :
0.84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(7) Wd = 12 (MCR/RPM)

Where, MCR (Maximum Continous Rating) can be found in EPM (Engine Propeller Matching) diagram in Design II. It means the engine power after seamargin and engine margine added value. Both margins 15% and 10%.
(Practical Ship Design, 4.5.4 Propulsion machinery weight, pages 108)

by ploting to the graph in figure 2 :

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Figure 5.2.2 - Main Engine Weight

ploting data on figure 2, shown that the weight of maine engine is approximately 310 kW, that value is close with the formula calculation above. b. Remainder Calculate by formula :
0.7 Wr = K*MCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(8)

Where, Wr = Weight of remainder K = Constants noted 0.19 for frigates and corvettes 0.69 for bulk carrier and general cargo ship 0.72 for tankers 0.83 for passenger ship ploting to graph in figure 3 :

Figure 3 - Weight Remainder

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According to the figure 3 with plot diagram, show that the weight of remainder approximate 320 ton So the result of Machinery Weight is Wd+Wr, Wm = Wd+Wr 2.4 Margin Merchant Ship The purpose of having a margin is to ensure the attainment of the specified deadweight even if there has been an underestimate of the lightweight or an overestimate of the load di The figure recommended for the margin for merchant ships was 2% of the lightweight. l t Subject to the qualifications made above this still seems as good advice as can be given. for the result LWT : LWT = Ws+Wo+Wm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (9) so, we can find the margin = 2%*LWT LWT total = LWT+Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (10) 5.3 Dead Weight Tonnage If a total deadweight is stipulated the required full displacement is the sum of this and the lightweight.
(Practical Ship Design, 4.6.5 Deadweight and Displacement - merchant ships, pages 115)

DWT = - LWT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (11) where, = Weight Displacement LWT = Light Weight Tonnage 5.4 Payload The load capacity that can be transported by ship. In designing, it should be kept to a maximal capacity of payload to gains the profit. But not out of the minimal requirements of the other parameters required by the ship. The relation between DWT (Dead Weight Tonnage) with Payload is shown in formula as follows: . Payload = DWT - Wtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12) where, DWT = Dead Weight Tonnage Wtotal = Weight of fuel oil, diesel oil, lubricating oil, crews and provision, fresh water i. HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil) a. HFO's weight The formula, as follows : WHFO = SFOC x BHP x time to voyage x constants addition of fuel . . . (13) Where, WHFO SFOC BHP b. HFO's tank volume We should consider about the increasing temperature inside the tanks of HFO, so we add some alocation of expansion margins approximately 2% - 3%. The formula, as follows : = weight of heavy fuel oil = specific fuel oil consumption (project guide) = break horse power of main engine (project guide)

constants addition of fuel = 1.3 - 1.5

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VHFO = ((100%+3%)*WHFO)/ HFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (14) Where, VHFO WHFO Alocation of expansion HFO ii. DO (Diesel Oil) a. DO's weight The estimation of diesel oil's weight is 10%-20% of heavy fuel oil's weight for the result : WDO = 20% x WHFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (15) b. DO's tanks volume We should consider about the increasing temperature inside the tanks of DO, so we add some alocation of expansion margins approximately 2% - 3%. The formula, as follows : VDO = ((100%+3%)*WDO)/ DO Where, VDO WDO Alocation of expansion DO iii. LO (Lubricating Oil) a. LO's weight The formula, as follows : WLO = SLOC x BHP x time to voyage x constant addition of fue (17) where, SLOC = Specific Lubricating Oil Consumption = 0.95 g/BHPh 1.3 - 1.5, take 1.4 Constants of fuel = b. LO's tanks volume We should consider about the increasing temperature inside the tanks of LO, so we add some alocation of expansion margins approximately 2% - 3%. The formula, as follows : WLO / LO VLO = where, LO
3 = 0.9 ton/m

= HFO's tanks volume = weight of heavy fuel oil = 3% 3 = 0.991ton/m

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (16) = DO's tanks volume = weight of heavy fuel oil = 3% 3 = 0.85 ton/m

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (18)

iv. Fresh Water a. Consumption for crew fresh water needs estimation b. Bath and laundry needs fresh water needs estimation c. Cooking needs fresh water needs estimation d. Machinery needs = 4 kg/persons/day = 200 kg/persons/day = 20 kg/persons/day

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1. main engine fresh water needs estimation 2. auxiliary engine fresh water needs estimation Total fresh water machinery
Total Weight of Fresh Water Total Volume of Fresh Water

= =

gr/kWh

0.2 from main engine's fresh water

fw main engine + fw auxiliary engine

= =

consumption for crew + bath and laundy + cooking + machinery

divide the total weight of fresh water by its density.

v. Crew and Provision a. crew's weight total crews average weight of crews b. provision's weight average provisions needs = 5 kg/person/day Weight Total of Ship Supplies = WHFO+WDO+WLO+Wfreshwater+Wcrews+Wprov W total PAYLOAD = DWT - W supplies total = payload/cargo hold's volume determining the type of load () 6 SUMMARY NO CALCULATION SYMBOL E WSI CB' WS Wd Wr Wm LWT DWT WHFO VHFO WDO VDO WLO VLO Wfw Vfw 15789.55 16184.29 3935.46 2479.38 1.05 2523.14 316.99 327.25 644.24 3991.04 12193.26 146.95 152.73 29.39 35.63 0.81 0.92 15.85 16.00 0.96 0.24 ton ton ton ton ton ton ton ton m3 ton m3 ton m3 ton m3 ton ton RESULT m3 ton 1 Displacement Volume 2 Weight Displacement 3 E Range Number 4 Steel weight for actual CB = 0.7 5 Coefficient Block at Depth 6 Steel weight for actual CB = 0.8 7 Main Engine Weight 8 Remainder Weight 9 Machinery Weight 10 Margin Merchant Ship 11 Light Weight Tonnage 12 Dead Weight Tonnage 13 Weight HFO 14 HFO tank volume 15 Weight DO 16 DO tank volume 17 Weight LO 18 LO tank volume 19 Weight of Fresh Water 20 Volume Tanks Fresh Water 21 Crew's Weight 22 Provision Weight = = 12 80 persons kg

margin 78.26

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NO 24 Payload

CALCULATION

SYMBOL Wtotal 194.20 11999.10 12265.43 0.98

RESULT ton ton m3

23 Weight Total of Ship Supplies 25 Cargo Hold's Volume 26 Density of Load Maximum 27 Load Type

Crude Oil, Mexican

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DESIGN-IV: MACHINERY BASIC DESIGN

ATTACHMENT NO. 01 - CALCULATION DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project : DESIGN IV Doc. No : 02 - 42 09 050 - ES Rev. No : 01 : Attachment No. 01 Type

1. Displacement Calculation a. Displacement Volume = Lwl x B x T x Cb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) where : = Displacement volume Lwl = Ships length on the water line B = Ship width in the middle of ship T = Draft on fully cargo Cb = Block coefficients for the result : = Lwl x B x T x Cb = 127.92 x 20.2 x 8.8 x 0.69438 = 15789.5 m3 b. Weight Displacement = x sea water where : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2) ships displacement ships displacement volume the density of sea water

= = sea water =

for the result : = x sea water = 15790 x 1.025 = 16184.3 ton 2. Light Weight Tonnage 2.1 Structural Weight Approximations a. The formula to calculate the structural weight of our ship reffer to Practical Ship Design Chapter 4 - 4.2 Structural Weight Approximations, 4.2.1 Lloyd's Equipment number method. For those not familiar with the old E number, the formula for this is as follows: E = L ( B +T ) + 0.85 L ( D -T ) + 0.85 ( l1 h1 ) + 0.75 ( l2 h2 ) . . . . . . .(3) Where : L = legth between perpendicular B = breadth T = draft D = depth l1 = length of full width erectio = h1 = height of full width erectio = l2 = length of houses h2 = height of houses = =

31.2 2.5 10.6 2.5

m m m m

for the result : E = L ( B +T ) + 0.85 L ( D -T ) + 0.85 ( l1 h1 ) + 0.75 ( l2 h2 ) = 123(20.2+8.8)+0.85*123(11.5-8.8)+0.85(31.2*2.5)+0.75(10.6*2.5) = 3935.46 as the result that we found, we can know that value is suitable with our ship or not by the table 1 below:

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b.

table 1 - weight base design The effect of the block coefficient on steel-weight By the same token all steel-weights read from the graph must be corrected from the standard to the desired block coefficient. The standard block was set at Cb' = 0.70 measured at 0.8D Corrections to the steel-weight for variations in Cb from the standard 0.70 value can be made using the following approximate relationship : WS = WSI (1 + 0.05 ( CB' - 0.7 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) Where : WS = Steel weight for actual CB at 0.8 WSI = Steel weight for actual CB = 0.70 as plotted/lifted from graph
1.36 WSI = K E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5) take from the table 1 - weight base design

Where : K = 0.032

The relationship Between CB at moulded and C B at Depth CB' = CB + (1 - CB) (0.8D - T) / 3T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6) then, the calculation 1.36 WSI = K E = 0.032 * 3935.46^1.36 = 2479.38 CB' = CB + (1 - CB) (0.8D - T) / 3T = 0.69438+(1-0.69438)*(0.8*(11.5)-8.8)/3*8.8) = 1.05297

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WS = WSI (1 + 0.05 ( CB' - 0.7 ) = 2479.38(1+0.05*(1.05297-0.7) = 2523.14 ton 2.2 Outfit Weight Calculation The traditional method of estimating the outfit weight for a new merchant ship was by proportioning the outfit weight of a similar ship on the basis of the relative square numbers, i.e., L x B, and then making corrections for any known differences in the specifications of the basis and new ships.
(Practical Ship Design - Chapter 4, 4.4 Outfit Weight Calculations, page 99)

Figure 1 - Outfit Weight Graph

Figure 1, this shows that even for a particular type of ship the ratio outfit weight/square number is not always constant, although near constant values do seem to apply to general cargo ships and container ships. To find the outfit weight value, as figure 1 above, I have drawn my estimation according to my ships length 123 meters, and then I expand a line throug the tanker line. Cross line between both of them show us the value of Wo/(LxB). Figure 1, show the value of Wo/(LxB) is approximately 0.3 and then the calculation : 0.3 = 0.3 = 0.3 = Wo = = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(7) Wo/(LxB) Wo/(123*20.2) Wo/2484.6 0.3*2484.6 ton 745.4

2.3 Machinery Weight Divided into two components: propulsion machinery and remainder.

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a. Propulsion Machinery Weight Approximately values for slow and medium speed diesels can be obtained from figure 2, the base parameter used in this plot is the maximum torque rating of the engines as represented by MCR/RPM, by the formula :
0.84 Wd = 12 (MCR/RPM)

Where, MCR (Maximum Continous Rating) can be found in EPM (Engine Propeller Matching) diagram in Design II. It means the engine power after seamargin and engine margine added value. Both margins 15% and 10%.
(Practical Ship Design, 4.5.4 Propulsion machinery weight, pages 108)

for the result :

0.84 Wd = 12 (MCR/RPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(8) = 12*((6258.88/127)^0.84) = 316.99 ton

by ploting to the graph in figure 2 :

Figure 2 - Main Engine Weight

ploting data on figure 2, shown that the weight of maine engine is approximately 310 kW, that value is close with the formula calculation above. b. Remainder Calculate by formula : Wr = K*MCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(9) Where, Wr = Weight of remainder K = Constants noted 0.19 for frigates and corvettes 0.69 for bulk carrier and general cargo ship 0.72 for tankers 0.83 for passenger ship for the result :
0.7

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0.7 Wr = K*MCR = 0.72*(6258.88^0.7) = 327.25 ton

ploting to graph :

Figure 3 - Weight Remainder

According to the figure 3 with plot diagram, show that the weight of remainder approximate 320 ton So the result of Machinery Weight is Wd+Wr, Wm = Wd+Wr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (10) = 316.99+327.25 = 644.24 ton 2.4 Margin Merchant Ship The purpose of having a margin is to ensure the attainment of the specified deadweight even if there has been an underestimate of the lightweight or an overestimate of the load displacement. The figure recommended for the margin for merchant ships was 2% of the lightweight. Subject to the qualifications made above this still seems as good advice as can be given. for the result LWT : LWT = Ws+Wo+Wm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(11) = 2523.14+745.4+644.24 = 3912.78 ton so, we can find the margin = 2%*LWT = 2%*3912.78 = 78.2556 ton LWT total = LWT+Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(12) = 3912.78+78.2556 = 3991.04 ton

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3. Dead Weight Tonnage If a total deadweight is stipulated the required full displacement is the sum of this and the lightweight.
(Practical Ship Design, 4.6.5 Deadweight and Displacement - merchant ships, pages 115)

DWT = - LWT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (13) where, = Weight Displacement LWT = Light Weight Tonnage DWT = - LWT = 16184.3-3991.04 = 12193.3 ton 4. Payload The load capacity that can be transported by ship. In designing, it should be kept to a maximal capacity of payload to gains the profit. But not out of the minimal requirements of the other parameters required by the ship. The relation between DWT (Dead Weight Tonnage) with Payload is shown in formula as follows: Payload = DWT - Wtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (14) where, DWT = Dead Weight Tonnage Wtotal = Weight of fuel oil, diesel oil, lubricating oil, crews and provision, fresh water 4.1 HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil) a. HFO's weight The formula, as follows : WHFO = SFOC x BHP x time to voyage x constants addition of fuel . . . (15) Where, WHFO = weight of heavy fuel oil

SFOC = specific fuel oil consumption (project guide) BHP = break horse power of main engine (project guide) constants addition of fuel = 1.3 - 1.5 for the result : WHFO = SFOC x BHP x time to voyage x constants addition of fuel = 173*6320*96*1.4 = 146947584 gram = 146.95 ton b. HFO's tank volume We should consider about the increasing temperature inside the tanks of HFO, so we add some alocation of expansion margins approximately 2% - 3%. The formula, as follows : VHFO = ((100%+3%)*WHFO)/ HFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (16) Where, VHFO WHFO Alocation of expansion = HFO's tanks volume = weight of heavy fuel oil = 3%

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HFO

3 = 0.991ton/m

for the result : VHFO = ((100%+3%)*WHFO)/ HFO = ((100%+3%)*146.95)/0.991 =

3 152.73 m

4.2 DO (Diesel Oil) a. DO's weight The estimation of diesel oil's weight is 10%-20% of heavy fuel oil's weight for the result : = 20% x WHFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (17) = 20%*146.95 = 29.4 ton b. DO's tanks volume We should consider about the increasing temperature inside the tanks of DO, so we add some alocation of expansion margins approximately 2% - 3%. The formula, as follows : VDO = ((100%+3%)*WDO)/ DO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (18) Where, VDO WDO Alocation of expansion DO = DO's tanks volume = weight of heavy fuel oil = 3% 3 = 0.85 ton/m WDO

for the result : VDO = ((100%+3%)*WDO)/ DO = ((100%+3%)*29.4)/0.85 =

3 35.63 m

4.3 LO (Lubricating Oil) a. LO's weight The formula, as follows : WLO = SLOC x BHP x time to voyage x constant addition of fue(19) where, SLOC = Specific Lubricating Oil Consumption = 0.95 g/BHPh Constants of fuel = 1.3 - 1.5, take 1.4 for the result : WLO = SLOC x BHP x time to voyage x constant addition of fuel = 0.95*6320*96*1.4 806938 gram = = 0.8 ton b. LO's tanks volume We should consider about the increasing temperature inside the tanks of LO, so we add some alocation of expansion margins approximately 2% - 3%. The formula, as follows : WLO / LO = VLO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (20) where,

Page7of9

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 01

LO

3 = 0.9 ton/m

for the result : ((100%+3%)*WLO) / LO VLO = = = ((100%+3%)*0.8)/0.9 0.92 m3

4.4 Fresh Water a. Consumption for crew fresh water needs estimation fresh water total (1trip)

= = = = = = = = = = = =

20 kg/persons/day 20*12*4 960 kg 0.96 ton kg/persons/day 200 200*12*4 kg 9600 ton 9.6 4 4*12*4 192 0.192 kg/persons/day kg ton

b. Bath and laundry needs fresh water needs estimation fresh water total (1trip)

c. Cooking needs fresh water needs estimation fresh water total (1trip)

d. Machinery needs 1. main engine fresh water needs estimation fresh water total (1trip)

= = = =

7 gr/kWh 7 gr/kWh*6320 kW*96 hours gram 4247040 4.24704 ton

= 0.2 from main engine's fresh water = 0.2*4.247 = ton 0.85 Total fresh water machinery = fw main engine + fw auxiliary engine = 4.247 + 0.85 = ton 5.097 Total Weight of Fresh Water = consumption for crew + bath and laundy + cooking + machinery = =
Total Volume of Fresh Water =

2. auxiliary engine fresh water needs estimation fresh water total (1trip)

0.96+9.6+0.192+5.097 15.849 ton 15849 kg / 1000 kg/m3

3 15.849 m

= ~ 4.5 Crew and Provision a. crew's weight total crews average weight of crews total weight

16

m4

= = =

12 persons 80 kg 12*80

Page8of9

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 01

= = b. provision's weight average provisions needs time of 1 trip total weight of provision = = = = =

960 0.96

kg ton

5 kg/person/day 4 days 12 persons x 5 kg/person/day x 4 days 240 kg ton 0.24

Weight Total of Ship Supplies = WHFO+WDO+WLO+Wfreshwater+Wcrews+Wprov W total = 146.95+29.4+0.8+15.849+0.96+0.24 = 194.199 ton PAYLOAD = = = determining

. . . . . . . . . . . . .(21)

DWT - W supplies total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (22) 12193.3 -194.199 11999.1 ton the type of load ( = payload/cargo hold's volume where, cargo hold's volume = 12265.43 m3
(the calculation reffers to the attachment)

for the result, determining the type of load ( = payload/cargo hold's volum. . . . . . .(23) = 11999.101/12265.43 = 0.978 so, we know the density of the load type according to our calculation, and then for the best load that has the closest value, we can find in the attachment about "the density of liquid ". the closest density of liquid for the ship's load is = Crude Oil, Mexican, with = 0.973

Page9of9

DESIGN-IV: MACHINERY BASIC DESIGN

ATTACHMENT NO. 02 - CARGO HOLDS VOLUME DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project

: DESIGN IV : 02 - 42 09 050 - ES : 01 : Attachment No. 02

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Doc. No Rev. No Type

CARGO HOLD'S VOLUME BY SIMPSON METHOD CARGO HOLD 1 h= WL 1.4 m no frame y S.Factor 45 15.1055 1 50 16.2111 4 55 17.1159 2 60 17.8113 4 65 18.2491 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 5.73 no frame y S.Factor 45 18.1237 1 50 18.7804 4 55 19.1312 2 60 19.2167 4 65 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 10.04 m no frame y S.Factor 45 19.2188 1 50 19.2431 4 55 19.25 2 60 19.25 4 65 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) cargo hold 1 PS & SB h = WL Area (m^2)S.Factor 1.4 237.622 1 3.6 257.4948 4 5.7 265.5619 2 7.9 268.6536 4 10.0 269.4314 1 Area x S. Factor 3.5 y x S. Factor 15.1055 64.8444 34.2318 71.2452 18.2491 203.676 237.622 WL 3.575 m no frame y S.Factor 45 16.9945 1 50 17.8342 4 55 18.5112 2 60 19.0361 4 65 19.2117 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 7.885 no frame y S.Factor 45 18.9873 1 50 19.1343 4 55 19.25 2 60 19.25 4 65 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) y x S. Factor 16.9945 71.3368 37.0224 76.1444 19.2117 220.7098 257.494767

y x S. Factor 18.1237 75.1216 38.2624 76.8668 19.25 227.6245 265.5619167

y x S. Factor 18.9873 76.5372 38.5 77 19.25 230.2745 268.653583

y x S. Factor 19.2188 76.9724 38.5 77 19.25 230.9412 269.4314 2.155

Area x S. Factor

237.622 1029.979067 531.1238333 1074.614333 269.4314 3142.770633

Page1of6

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 02

Volume = 1/3 h x (Area x S.Factor) Volume = 2257.56 m^3 CARGO HOLD 2 h= WL 1.4 m no frame y S.Factor 65 18.2491 1 70 18.4876 4 75 18.5208 2 80 18.5208 4 85 18.5208 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 5.73 no frame y S.Factor 65 19.25 1 70 19.25 4 75 19.25 2 80 19.25 4 85 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 10.04 m no frame y S.Factor 65 19.25 1 70 19.25 4 75 19.25 2 80 19.25 4 85 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) cargo hold 2 PS & SB h = WL Area (m^2)S.Factor 1.4 258.8193 1 3.6 269.4145 4 5.7 269.5 2 7.9 269.5 4 10.0 269.5 1 Area x S. Factor 3.5 y x S. Factor 18.2491 73.9504 37.0416 74.0832 18.5208 221.8451 258.8192833 WL 3.575 m no frame y S.Factor 65 19.2117 1 70 19.2426 4 75 19.2473 2 80 19.25 4 85 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 7.885 no frame y S.Factor 65 19.25 1 70 19.25 4 75 19.25 2 80 19.25 4 85 19.25 1 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) y x S. Factor 19.2117 76.9704 38.4946 77 19.25 230.9267 269.414483

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 269.5

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 269.5

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 269.5 2.155

Area x S. Factor

258.8192833 1077.657933 539 1078 269.5 3222.977217

Page2of6

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 02

Volume = 1/3 h x (Area x S.Factor) Volume = 2315.17 m^3 CARGO HOLD 3 h= WL 1.4 m no frame y S.Factor 18.5208 1 85 18.5208 4 89.75 18.5208 2 95 18.5208 4 99.25 18.5208 1 104 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 5.73 no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 85 19.25 4 89.75 19.25 2 95 19.25 4 99.25 19.25 1 104 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 10.04 m no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 85 19.25 4 89.75 19.25 2 95 19.25 4 99.25 19.25 1 104 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) cargo hold 3 PS & SB h = WL Area (m^2)S.Factor 1.4 246.3266 1 3.6 256.025 4 5.7 256.025 2 7.9 256.025 4 10.0 256.025 1 Area x S. Factor 3.325 y x S. Factor 18.5208 74.0832 37.0416 74.0832 18.5208 222.2496 246.32664 WL 3.575 m no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 85 19.25 4 89.75 19.25 2 95 19.25 4 99.25 19.25 1 104 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 7.885 no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 85 19.25 4 89.75 19.25 2 95 19.25 4 99.25 19.25 1 104 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 256.025

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 256.025

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 256.025

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.25 231 256.025 2.155

Area x S. Factor

246.32664 1024.1 512.05 1024.1 256.025 3062.60164

Page3of6

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 02

Volume = 1/3 h x (Area x S.Factor) Volume = 2199.97 m^3 CARGO HOLD 4 h= WL 1.4 m no frame y S.Factor 18.5208 1 104 18.5208 4 108.75 18.5233 2 114 18.4635 4 118.25 18.1327 1 123 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 5.73 no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 104 19.25 4 108.75 19.25 2 114 19.25 4 118.25 19.1121 1 123 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 10.04 m no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 104 19.25 4 108.75 19.25 2 114 19.25 4 118.25 19.2459 1 123 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) cargo hold 4 PS & SB h = WL Area (m^2)S.Factor 1.4 245.648 1 3.6 255.7074 4 5.7 255.8722 2 7.9 255.8978 4 10.0 256.0205 1 Area x S. Factor 3.325 y x S. Factor 18.5208 74.0832 37.0466 73.854 18.1327 221.6373 245.6480075 WL 3.575 m no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 104 19.25 4 108.75 19.2454 2 114 19.232 4 118.25 19.0446 1 123 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 7.885 no frame y S.Factor 19.25 1 104 19.25 4 108.75 19.25 2 114 19.25 4 118.25 19.1352 1 123 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.4908 76.928 19.0446 230.7134 255.707352

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.1121 230.8621 255.8721608

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.1352 230.8852 255.897763

y x S. Factor 19.25 77 38.5 77 19.2459 230.9959 256.0204558 2.155

Area x S. Factor

245.6480075 1022.829407 511.7443217 1023.591053 256.0204558 3059.833245

Page4of6

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 02

Volume = 1/3 h x (Area x S.Factor) Volume = 2197.98 m^3 CARGO HOLD 5 h= WL 1.4 m no frame y S.Factor 18.1327 1 123 17.3518 4 129 15.9905 2 134 14.1092 4 139 11.8546 1 143 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 5.73 no frame y S.Factor 19.1121 1 123 18.7918 4 129 17.99 2 134 16.6665 4 139 14.8981 1 143 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 10.04 m no frame y S.Factor 19.2459 1 123 18.9405 4 129 18.4021 2 134 17.3309 4 139 15.4972 1 143 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) cargo hold 5 PS & SB h = WL Area (m^2)S.Factor 1.4 219.1144 1 3.6 240.9048 4 5.7 247.1273 2 7.9 250.7976 4 10.0 252.7384 1 Area x S. Factor 3.5 y x S. Factor 18.1327 69.4072 31.981 56.4368 11.8546 187.8123 219.11435 WL 3.575 m no frame y S.Factor 19.0446 1 123 18.4656 4 129 17.5231 2 134 16.1097 4 139 14.0978 1 143 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) WL 7.885 no frame y S.Factor 19.1352 1 123 18.9612 4 129 18.2331 2 134 17.0688 4 139 15.248 1 143 yxs luas = 1/3 h y x s (m2) y x S. Factor 19.0446 73.8624 35.0462 64.4388 14.0978 206.4898 240.904767

y x S. Factor 19.1121 75.1672 35.98 66.666 14.8981 211.8234 247.1273

y x S. Factor 19.1352 75.8448 36.4662 68.2752 15.248 214.9694 250.797633

y x S. Factor 19.2459 75.762 36.8042 69.3236 15.4972 216.6329 252.7383833 2.155

Area x S. Factor

219.11435 963.6190667 494.2546 1003.190533 252.7383833 2932.916933

Page5of6

DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Project Doc. No Rev. No Type

: : : :

DESIGN IV 02 - 42 09 050 - ES 01 Attachment No. 02

Volume = 1/3 h x (Area x S.Factor) Volume = 2106.81 m^3 CARGO HOLD 6 h= WL 1.4 m no frme y S.Factor 11.8546 1 143 8.8536 3 149.7 5.6388 3 156.3 2.2345 1 163 yxs luas = 3/8 h y x s (m2) WL 5.73 no frme 4.67 y x S. Factor 11.8546 26.5608 16.9164 2.2345 57.5663 100.741025 WL 3.575 m no frme y S.Factor 14.0978 1 143 10.9495 3 149.7 7.3898 3 156.3 3.9478 1 163 yxs luas = 3/8 h y x s (m2) WL 7.885 no frme y S.Factor 15.248 1 143 12.4315 3 149.7 9.2005 3 156.3 5.6885 1 163 yxs luas = 3/8 h y x s (m2) y x S. Factor 14.0978 32.8485 22.1694 3.9478 73.0635 127.861125

143 149.7 156.3 163 yxs luas = 3/8 h y x s (m2)

y 14.8981 11.9523 8.3358 4.7537

S.Factor 1 3 3 1

y x S. Factor 14.8981 35.8569 25.0074 4.7537 80.5161 140.903175

y x S. Factor 15.248 37.2945 27.6015 5.6885 85.8325 150.206875

WL 10.04 m no frme y S.Factor 15.508 1 143 12.8324 3 149.7 10.0148 3 156.3 6.7638 1 163 yxs luas = 3/8 h y x s (m2) cargo hold 6 PS & SB h = WL Area (m^2)S.Factor

y x S. Factor 15.508 38.4972 30.0444 6.7638 90.8134 158.92345 2.155

Area x S. Factor

1.4 100.741 1 100.741025 3.6 127.8611 4 511.4445 5.7 140.9032 2 281.80635 7.9 150.2069 4 600.8275 10.0 158.9235 1 158.92345 Area x S. Factor 1653.742825 Volume = 1/3 h x (Area x S.Factor) Volume = 1187.94 m^3 volume ruang muat total Volume ruang muat total = V rm 1 + Vrm 2 + Vrm 3 + Vrm 4 + Vrm 5 + Vrm 6 Volume ruang muat total = 12265.429 m^3

Page6of6

DESIGN-IV: MACHINERY BASIC DESIGN

ATTACHMENT NO. 03 - LIQUID CHARACTERISTIC DISPLACEMENT, LWT AND DWT

Densityofliquid
Temperat ure t Liquid ( oC) AceticAcid Acetone Acetonitrile Alcohol,ethyl (ethanol) Alcohol, methyl (methanol) Alcohol, propyl Ammonia (aqua) Aniline Automobile oils Beer(varies) Benzene Benzil Brine Bromine ButyricAcid Butane nButyl Acetate nButyl Alcohol n Butylhloride Caproicacid Carbolicacid Carbon disulfide Carbon tetrachloride Carene Castoroil Chloride Chlorobenzen e 25 25 20 25 (kg/m 3 ) 1049 784.6 782 785.1 Density Liquid

Kinematicviscosityofliquid
Temperature KinematicViscosity Seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU) 36 31.7 33

( oF) 61 68 59 59

( o C) 16.1 20 15 15

CentiStoke s(cSt) 0.305 0.295 1.35 2.27

AcetaldehydeCH3CHO Aceticacidvinegar10% CH3COOH Aceticacid50%

25 25 25 25 15 10 25 15 15 25 20 25 20 20 20 25 15 25 25 25 25 25 20

786.5 800 823.5 1019 880940 1010 873.8 1230 1230 3120 959 599 880 810 886 921 956 1261

Aceticacid80% Aceticacidconcentrated glacial Aceticacidanhydride (CH3COO)2O AcetoneCH3COCH3 Alcoholallyl Alcoholbutyln Alcoholethyl(grain) C2H5OH Alcoholmethyl(wood) CH3OH Alcoholpropyl Aluminumsulfate36% solution Ammonia Aniline

59 59 59 68 68 104 68 68 100 59 32 68 122 68 0 68 50 77

15 15 15 20 20 40 20 20 37.8 15 0 20 50 20 17.8 20 10 25 37.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 98.9

2.85 1.34 0.88 0.41 1.6 0.90cp 3.64 1.52 1.2 0.74 1.04 2.8 1.4 1.41 0.3 4.37 6.4 159324 60108 1295max 12952590 2590 10350 5.79.6

35 31.7

31.8 38 31.7 31.5

35 31.7 31.7

40 46.4 7371.5M 280500 6Mmax 6M12M 12M48M 4558

AsphaltRC0,MC0,SC0 1584 857 956.1 1560 1106 Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE10W Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE10W Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE20W Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE20 100 0 0 0 210

Page1of3

Densityofliquid
Temperat ure t Liquid ( oC) (kg/m 3 ) Density Liquid

Kinematicviscosityofliquid
Temperature KinematicViscosity Seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU) 5870 7085 85110 40min 49min 63min 74120 120200 200min 32

( oF) Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE30 Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE40 Automaticcrankcaseoil SAE50 AutomotivegearoilSAE 75W AutomotivegearoilSAE 80W AutomotivegearoilSAE 85W AutomotivegearoilSAE 90W AutomotivegearoilSAE 140 Automotivegearoil SAE150 Beer

( o C)

CentiStoke s(cSt) 9.612.9 12.916.8 16.822.7 4.2min 7.0min 11.0min 1425 2543 43min 1.8 1

Chloroform Chloroform Citricacid Coconutoil Cottonseed oil Cresol Creosote Crudeoil,48 API Crudeoil,40o API Crudeoil, 35.6oAPI Crudeoil, 32.6oAPI Crude oil,alifornia Crudeoil, Mexican Crudeoil, Texas Cumene Cyclohexane Cyclopentane Decane Dieselfueloil 20to60 Diethylether o Dichlorobenz ene Dichlorometh ane Diethylene glycol Dichlorometh ane Dimethyl Acetamide
o

20 25 25 15 15 25 15 60oF 60oF 60oF 60oF 60oF 60oF 60oF 25 20 20 25 15 20 20 20 15 20 20

1489 1465 1660 924 926 1024 1067 790 825 847 862

210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 68 32

98.9 98.9 98.9 98.9 98.9 98.9 98.9 98.9 98.9 20 0 20 54.4 100 20 1.1 20 0 18.3 15.6 18.3 90 20 37.8

Benzene(Benzol)C6H6 915 973 Boneoil 873 860 779 745 726.3 820950 714 1306 1326 Carbolicacid(phenol) 1120 1326 CarbontetrachlorideCCl4 942 100 0.53 194 68 1.26cp 0.612 Butyricacidn Calciumchloride5% Calciumchloride25% Butanen Bromine 212 68 50 30 68 32 65 60 65 11.6 0.34 0.52 0.35 1.61 2.3cp 1.156 4 11.83 68 130 0.74 47.5

31

220 65

31.6

39

65

Page2of3

Densityofliquid
Temperat ure t Liquid Density

Kinematicviscosityofliquid
Temperature Liquid ( oF) ( o C) CentiStoke s(cSt) Seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU) KinematicViscosity

( C) N,N Dimethylform amide Dimethyl Sulfoxide Dodecane Ethane Ether Ethylamine 20

(kg/m ) 949 CarbondisulfideCS2 32 0

0.33

20 25 89 25 16

1100 754.6 570 713.5 681 Chinawoodoil Castoroil

68 100 130 69 100

20 37.8 54.4 20.6 37.8

0.298 259325 98130 308.5 125.5 12001500 450600 1425 580

Page3of3