TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Description a. Uni-lubricating Oil System As a consequence the uni-lubricating oil, oil system is fitted, with two small booster pumps for exhaust valve actuator lube oil supply. The system supplies lubricating oil to the engine bearings through inlet, lubricating oil to the camshaft and cooling oil to the piston etc through inlet lube oil supply and as mentioned lubricating oil to the exhaust valve actuators through inlet engine. A butterfly valve at lubricating oil inlet lube oil supply is supplied with the engine. The engine crankcase is vented through inlet engine by a pipe which extends directly to the deck. This pipe has a drain arrangement so that oil condensed in the pipe can be led to a drain tank. Drain from the engine bedplate are fitted on the both sides. Lubricating oil is pumped from a bottom tank, by means of the main lubricating oil pump, to the lubricating oil cooler, a thermostatic valve and through a full-flow filter, to the engine, where it is distributed to pistons and bearings. The major part of the oil is divided between piston cooling and crosshead lubrication. The booster pumps are introduced in order to maintain the required oil pressure at inlet oil supply for the exhaust valve actuators. b. Cylinder Lubricating Oil System The cylinder lubricators are supplied with oil from a gravity feed cylinder oil service tank, and they are equipped with built in floats, which keep the oil level constant in the lubricators. The size of the cylinder oil service tank depends on the owner's and yard's requirements, and it is normally dimensioned for minimum two days consumption. Each cylinder liner has a number of lubricating orifices (quils). The oil is delivered into the cylinder via non return valves, when the piston rings pass the lubricating orifices, during the upward stroke. The lubricator are fitted with electrical heating coils, low flow and low level 1.2 Objective This document purpose is to determine the technical specification of engine lubricating system. 2. REFERENCES a. Germanischer Lloyd Rules and Guidelines 2011 b. Engine Selection Guide - Two Stroke MC/MC-C Engines, 6th Edition: January 2002, MAN B&W 3. ABBREVIATION SLOC = c = Q = A = v = vs = d = t = Q = Rn = n = hs = hp = hv = hf = hl = H =

Specific lubricating oil consumption [gr/BHP] constant addition of fuel (1.3) Capacity Area of Pipe that will be convert to diameter formula flow velocity Velocity of fluid Inside diameter Wall thickness and time Qapacity Reynold number viscocity head static head pressure head velocity head friction head losses head total

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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4. DESIGN PARAMETER 4.1 Engine Selection Guide Requirement a. Uni-lubricating Oil System 1. Lubricating Oil Centrifuge Manual cleaning centrifuges can only be used for attended machinery spaces (AMS). For unattended machinery spaces (UMS), automatic centrifuges with total discharge or partial discharge are to be used. The nominal capacity of the centrifuge is to be according to the supplier's recommendation for lubricating oil, based on the 0.136 l/kWh or 0.1 l/BHPh. (The nominal MCR is used as the total installed effect) (Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.03.03 - Lubricating Oil Centrifuge) 2. List of Lubricating Oils The circulating oil (lubricating and cooling oil) must be a rust and oxidation inhibited engine oil, of SAE 30 viscocity grade. In order to keep the crankcase and piston cooling spaces clean of deposits, the oils should have adequate dispersion and detergent properties. Alkaline circulating oils are generally superior in this respect. The oil list will be shown in Table 4.1 below. Table 4.1 List of lubricating oil

(Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.03.04 - List of lubricating oil) 3. Lubricating Oil Pump The lubricating pump can be of the screw wheel, or the centrifugal type: Lubricating oil viscosity, specified 75 cSt at 500C, maximum 400 cSt 400 cSt is specified, as it normal practice when starting on cold oil, to partly open the by-pass valves of the lubricating oil pumps, so as the reduce the electric power requirements for the pumps. Lubricating oil flow will be take 135 m3/h according to the Table 4.2.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

Table 4.2 List of capacities

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(Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.01.04 - List of capacities with high efficiency turbocharger and central cooling system) Design pump head = 4.0 bar Delivery pressure = 4.0 bar
0 Max working pressure = 50 C The flow capacity is to be within a tolerance of 0+12% The pump head is based on the total pressure drop across coller and filter maximum 1 bar If centrifugal pumps are used, it is recommended to install a throttle valve at position '005', its function being to prevent an excessive oil level in the oil pan, if the centrifugal pump supplies too much oil to the engine. (Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.03.05 - Lubricating oil pump) 4. Lubricating Oil Cooler The lubricating oil cooler is to be of the shell and tube type made of seawater resistant material, or a plate type heat exchanger with plate material of titanium, unless freshwater is used in a central cooling system.

Lubricating oil viscosity Lubricating oil flow Heat dissipation Lubricating oil temperature outlet cooler Working pressure on oil side Pressure drop on oil side Cooling water flow

0 = 75 cSt at 50 C

= =

3 135 m /h

0 = 45 C = 4 bar = max 0.5 bar =

0 Cooling water temperature at inlet freshwater = 36 C Pressure drop on water side = max 0.2 bar (Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.03.05 - Lubricating oil cooler)

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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5. Lubricating Oil Temperature Control Valve The temperature control system can, by means of a three-way valve unit, by-pass the cooler totally or partly. Lubricating oil viscosity Lubricating oil flow
0 = 75 cSt at 50 C

3 135 m /h

0 Temperature range, inlet to engine = 40-50 C (Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.03.05 - Lubricating Oil Temperature Control Valve) 6. Lubricating Oil Full Flow Filter

Lubricating oil flow Working pressure Test pressure Working temperature Oil viscosity at working temperature Pressure drop with clean filter b. Cylinder Lubricating Oil System - Cylinder oils should, SAE 50 viscosity grade - Cylinder oils feed rate according to the: MEP dependent : 0.68 - 1.1 g/kWh / 0.50 - 0.8

3 = 135 m /h = 4.0 bar = according to the class rules 0 = approximately 45 C = 90-100 cSt = max 0.2 bar

g/BHP

5. DESIGN REQUIREMENT 5.1 Lubricating Oil Storage Tank WLO str = BHP x SLOC x (S/Vdinas) x 1.3 x 10^-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) Where, WLO str = Weight of lubricating oil in storage tank BHP = The maximum power of main engine = 6320 kW = 8600 HP SLOC = Specific lubricating oil consumption = 0.8 g/BHPh S = Radius of voyage = 1200 Nm Vdinas = 14.5 knots VLO str = WLO str/ LO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2) Where, LO = density of lubricating oil = 0.92 ton/m3

5.2 Lubricating Oil Service Tank WLO srv = BHP x SLOC x T x 1.3 x 10^-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3) Where, WLO srv = Weight of lubricating oil in service tank = Time of used estimation T = 24 hours VLO srv = WLO srv/ LO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) 5.3 Main Lubricating Oil Pump (Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.01.04 - List of capacities with high efficiency turbocharger and central cooling system)

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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Lubricating oil viscosity, specified 75 cSt at 500C, maximum 400 cSt Lubricating oil flow will be take 135 m3/h according to the Table 4.2. Design pump head = 4.0 bar Delivery pressure = 4.0 bar
0 Max working pressure = 50 C The flow capacity is to be within a tolerance of 0+12% The pump head is based on the total pressure drop across coller and filter maximum 1 bar If centrifugal pumps are used, it is recommended to install a throttle valve at position '005', its function being to prevent an excessive oil level in the oil pan, if the centrifugal pump supplies too much oil to the engine. (Engine Selection Guide, Pages 6.03.05 - Lubricating oil pump) The number of pump is two pumps, one as a standby pump. Diameter Calculation: D = (4 x Q/ x v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(5)

Table 5.1 Minimum wall thickness

Head Pump i. Head Static (Hs) height at z=0 to higer the discharge height at z=0 to the lower suction Therefore, the value of Hs will be determined below: ii. Head Pressure (Hp) Hp = 4 bar iii. Head Velocity (Hv) Hv = 0 m (the velocity in the suction and discharge has the same value) iv. Head Losses (Hl) iv.1 Suction n = kinematic viscocity m2/s = 0.000075 = fluid velocity = 1.8 m/s Reynold number (Rn) according to formula below: n v (at 500C)

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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Rn = (v*dH)/n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6) l = 0.02+0.0005/dH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7) Mayor losses (hf) The following formula (8), as follow:
2 hf = l*L*v /(D*2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (8) head losses = k total*v2/(2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (9) iv.2 Discharge n = kinematic viscocity

m2/s (at 500C) = 0.000075 = fluid velocity = 1.8 m/s Reynold number (Rn) according to formula below: Rn = (v*dH)/n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6) l = 0.02+0.0005/dH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7) Mayor losses (hf) The following formula (8), as follow: n v
2 hf = l*L*v /(D*2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (8) head losses = k total*v2/(2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (9) = 23.22*(1.8^2)/(2*9.8) = 3.838 m Therefore, the total of Heads are: H = hs+hv+hp+hf1+hf2+hl1+hl2 = 4.25+0+4+0.16+1.074+0.12+3.838 = 13.442 m

5.4 Lubricating Oil Feed Pump According to the engine guide selection 06.03.04 - lubricating oil centrifuge, the nominal capacity of the centrifuge: Q = 0.136*Main Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (10) Diameter Calculation: D = (4 x Q/ x v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(11) Table 5.1 Minimum wall thickness

Head Pump

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i.

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Head Static (Hs) height at z=0 to higer the discharge height at z=0 to the lower suction Therefore, the value of Hs will be determined below: ii. Head Pressure (Hp) Hp = 0 bar iii. Head Velocity (Hv) Hv = 0 m (the velocity in the suction and discharge has the same value) iv. Head Losses (Hl) iv.1 Suction n = kinematic viscocity n v l = = = = m2/s (at 500C) 0.000075 fluid velocity m/s 1.8 64/Rn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (13)
2

hf = l*L*v /(D*2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (14) head losses = k total*v2/(2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (15) iv.2 Discharge n = kinematic viscocity n v l = = = = m2/s (at 500C) 0.000075 fluid velocity m/s 1.8 64/Rn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (17)

2 hf = l*L*v /(D*2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (18) Minnor losses (hl) head losses = k total*v2/(2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (19) = 24.03*(1.8^2)/(2*9.8) = 3.972 m Therefore, the total of Heads are: H = hs+hv+hp+hf1+hf2+hl1+hl2

5.5 Cylinder Lubricating Oil Storage Tank WLO str = BHP x SLOC x (S/Vdinas) x 1.3 x 10^-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (20) Where, WLO str = Weight of cylinder lubricating oil in storage tank BHP = The maximum power of main engine = 6320 kW = 8600 HP SLOC = Specific lubricating oil consumption = 0.8 g/BHPh for 4 cyl = 3.2 g/BHPh S = Radius of voyage = 1200 Nm Vservice = 14.5 knots VLO str = WLO str/ LO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (21) Where, LO = density of lubricating oil = 0.92 ton/m3

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5.6 Cylinder Lubricating Oil Service Tank WLO srv = BHP x SLOC x T x 1.3 x 10^-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (22) Where, WLO srv = Weight of lubricating oil in service tank T = Time of used estimation = 48 hours VLO srv = WLO srv/ LO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (23) 5.7 Cylinder Lubricating Oil Pump Q = VLO srv/t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (24) where, The time estimation = 15 minutes = 900 seconds Diameter Calculation: D = (4 x Q/ x v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(25) Table 5.1 Minimum wall thickness

Head Pump i. Head Static (Hs) height at z=0 to higer the discharge height at z=0 to the lower suction Therefore, the value of Hs will be determined below: ii. Head Pressure (Hp) Hp = 0 bar iii. Head Velocity (Hv) Hv = 0 m (the velocity in the suction and discharge has the same value) iv. Head Losses (Hl) iv.1 Suction n = kinematic viscocity m2/s (at 500C) = 0.000075 = fluid velocity = 1.8 m/s Reynold number (Rn) according to formula below: Rn = (v*dH)/n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (26) n v

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l = 64/Rn
2

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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (27)

hf = l*L*v /(D*2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (28) Minnor losses (hl) head losses = k total*v2/(2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (29) iv.2 Discharge n = kinematic viscocity m2/s (at 500C) = 0.000075 = fluid velocity = 1.8 m/s Reynold number (Rn) according to formula below: Rn = (v*dH)/n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (30) l = 64/Rn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (31) Mayor losses (hf) The following formula (32), as follow: n v
2 hf = l*L*v /(D*2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (32) Minnor losses (hl) head losses = k total*v2/(2g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (33) Therefore, the total of Heads are: H = hs+hv+hp+hf1+hf2+hl1+hl2

5.8 Area of Lubricating Cooler Heat dissipation LO cooler (H) Heat transfer coef. (K) Central cooling water quant (Qsw) LO quantity (Qlo) Density LO Density Water Heat spec. of LO (Clo) Heat spec. of Water (Csw) LMTD The area of lubricating oil cooler (A) 5.9 Lubricating Oil Purifier Q = 0.136*Power main engine 5.10 Power of Pre-heater Feed Pump Temperature range (T) P = Q(l/h) x T/1700 = = 48
o o

= 290 = 249355.108 = 260 = 38 = 80 = 920 = = = = =

kW kcal/h kcal/m2.h.oC m3/h m3/h kg/m3

3

kg/m 1000 0.43 Btu/lb F 1 Btu/lb F [(T1-t2)-(T2-t1)]/log[(T1-t2)/(T2-t1)] H/(K*LMTD)

118 F

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5.11 Valve and Fitting a. Valve 1. Butterfly Valve A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or regulating flow. The closing mechanism takes the form of a disk, which allows for quick shut off. Butterfly valve are generally favored because they are lower in cost to other valve designs as well as being lighter in weight, meaning less support is required. Used for stop valve only, for low working pressure. In this system, butterfly valve used in order before the pump, and as a connecting to another equipment to make a standby function. Below is the example of butterfly valve, shown in Figure 5.3 Butterfly Valve.

Figure 5.3 Butterfly Valve 2. Non Return Valve Has same function with globe valve, working in very high pressure and just has one-way direction. Usually this valve is used in order after the pump and another lines that the fluids shall not back through the same line or just one-way direction. 3. Three Way Valve and Angle Valve As a connect of pipe with simple used. b. Fitting 1. Filter Hyraulic filters are very useful for removing solid contamination from lube and fuel oil system of marine machinery. Withous filters in the lube or fuel oil system, the machinery internal parts, bearing, piston, rings, liners etc. can get damaged, which will result in inefficient working of the machinery. In this system will be used Centrifugal Filter. These filters work on the principal of centrifugal force removing high density fluids and impurity from the oil. It is normally used for lube oil systems. Most of the auxiliary engines have attaced centrifugal filters. The example will be shown in Figure

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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Figure 5.4 Centrifugal Filter 5.12 Class Requirement Germanischer Lloyd 2012, Chapter 2, Section 11, Page 11-29 a. General Requirements Lubricating oil system are to be so constructed to ensure reliable lubrication over the whole range of speed and during run-down of the engines and to ensure adequate heat transfer. b. Priming Pumps Where necessary, priming pumps are to be provided for supplying lubricating oil to the engines. c. Emergency Lubrication A suitable emergency lubricating oil supply (e.g. gravity tank) is to be arranged for machinery which may be damaged in case of interuption of lubricating oil supply. d. Lubricating Oil Treatment Equipment necessary for adequate treatment of lubricating oil is to be provided (purifiers, automatic back-flushing filters, filters, free-jet centrifuges). In the case of auxiliary engines running on heavy fuel which are supplied from a common lubricating oil tank, suitable equipment is to be fitted to ensure that in case of failure of the common lubricating oil treatment system or ingress of fuel or cooling water into the lubricating oil circuit, the auxiliary engines required to safeguard the power supply. e. Lubricating Oil Circulating Tanks and Gravity Tanks Where an engine lubricating oil circulation tank extend to the double bottom shell plating on ships for which a double bottom is required in the engine room, shutt-off valves are to be fitted in the drain pipes between engine casing and circulating tank. These valves are to be capable of being closed from a level above the lower platform. The suction connections of lubricating oil pumps are to be located as far as possible from drain pipes. Gravity tanks are to be fitted with an overflow pipe which leads to the circulating tank. Arrangements are to be made for observing the flow of excess oil in the overflow pipe. f. Filling and Suction Lines Filling and suction lines of lubricating oil tanks with a capacity of 500 liter and more located above the double bottom and from which in case of their damage lubricating oil may leak, are to be fitted directly on the tanks with shut-off devices. The remote operation of shutoff valve may be dispensed with: - for valves which are kept closed during normal operation.

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- where an unintended operation of a quick closing valve would endager the safe operation of the main propulsion plant or essential auxilliary machinery. g. Filters Lubricating oil filter are to be fitted in the delivery line of the lubricating oil pumps. Mesh size and filter capacity are to be in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer of the engine. Uninterrupted supply of filtered lubricating oil has to be ensured under cleaning conditions of the filter equipment. In case of automatic back-flushing filters it is to be ensured that a failure of the automatic back-flushing will not lead to a total loss of filtration. Engine for the exclusive operation of emergency generators and emergency fire pumps may be fitted with simplex filters. For protection of the lubricating oil pumps simplex filters may be installed on the suction side of the pump if they have a minimum 6. SUMMARY 6.1 LUBRICATING OIL CALCULATION SYMBOL RESULT NO WLO str 0.7 1 LO Storage Weight 2 LO Storage Volume VLO str 0.80457 WLO srv 0.158 4 LO Service Weight 5 LO Service Volume VLO srv 0.172 H 13.4 6 Head total For the main lubricating pump selection and spesification: Merk = Taiko Type = HG-90

tonnes m3 tonnes m3 m

= 75 Qapacity m3/h bar = 8 Tekanan RPM = 750 Rpm kW = 30 Power To reach the required capacities, we need to make a two pump with paralel. For the lubricating oil feed pump selection and spesification: = Taiko Merk = NHG-1.5 Type Qapacity Tekanan Rpm Power = = = = 1.2 6 1000 2.2 m3/h bar RPM kW

6.2 CYLINDER LUBRICATING OIL NO CALCULATION LO Storage Weight 1 2 LO Storage Volume 4 LO Service Weight 5 LO Service Volume 6 Head total

SYMBOL WLO str VLO str WLO srv VLO srv H

RESULT 3.0 3.21823 1.262 1.372 10.7

tonnes m3 tonnes m3 m

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

For the cylinder lubricating oil pump selection and spesification: = Taiko Merk = NHG-7.5 Type = 6 m3/h Qapacity = 6 Tekanan bar = 1000 RPM Rpm = 7.5 kW Power 6.3 Another NO SYMBOL CALCULATION 1 Area of Lubricating Cooler A Q 2 Qapacity of Lubricating Purifier P 3 Power of Pre-heater feed pump The heater that will be used : Type = AALBORG Power = 26 kW Length = 1000 mm

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RESULT 43.2 859.5 24.3 m2 l/h kW

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