Excel Tutorial 4 Charts , or graph, is a visual representation of a set of data values.

. o Shows relationships and trend in in the data source [range that contains the data (categories and values) displayed in the chart]

-Series Name the first row of the data range, identifies the data series -Series Categories names of the group or categories that the values belong to -Series values the data display in the chart A data series consists of data values, which are plotted on the chart's vertical, or Y-axis. On the horizontal axis, called the X-axis, are the data series' category values, or X values. A chart can have several data series all plotted against a common set of category values. Excel has 73 built-in charts organized into 11 categories with 3 Chart Tools on the Ribbon (Design, Layout, Format):

Create an embedded chart o What is an embedded chart? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the embedded chart? A: By default, a chart is inserted as an embedded chart, which means the chart is placed in a worksheet next to its data source. The advantage of an embedded chart is that you can display the chart alongside any text or figures that can explain the charts meaning and purpose. A disadvantage is that an embedded chart covers worksheet cells, which might contain data and formulas.

Charts include individual elements that can be formatted: * o chart area contains the chart and all of the other chart elements o chart title is a descriptive label or name for the chart, o plot area part of the chart that contains the graphical representation of the data series o data markers column or pie slice that represents each value in a data series o legend is a rectangular area that indicates the data markers associated with the data series

o Gridlines extend the major tick marks on the value axis They can be changed so they appear for only the minor units, for both the major and minor, or do not appear at all. The Category axis has the same options. o Range of values (scale) of an axis is based on values in data source o Vertical (value) axis: range of series values o Horizontal (category) axis: category values o Primary and secondary axes can use different scales and labels Primary axis which usually appears along the left side of the chart Secondary axis which is usually place on the right side of the chart

Q: How do you know which type of chart to use with your data? o Answer: In general, pie charts should be used only when the number of categories is small and the relative sizes of the different slices can be easily determined. If you have several categories, use a column or bar chart. Column chart Displays values in different categories as columns Height of each column is based on its value Bar chart Column chart turned on its side

Length of each bar is based on its value Line charts are best for categories that follow a sequential order. Be aware, however, that the time intervals must be a constant length if used in a line chart. Line charts will distort data that occurs in irregular time intervals, making it appear that the data values occurred at regular intervals when they did not. Pie, column, bar, and line charts assume that numbers are plotted against categories. In science and engineering applications, you will often want to plot two numeric values against one another. For that data, use XY scatter charts, which show the patterns or relationship between two or more sets of values. XY scatter charts are also good for data recorded at irregular time intervals. If you still cant find the right chart to meet your needs, you can create a custom chart based on the built-in chart types. Third-party vendors also sell software to allow Excel to create charts not built into the software.)

o Create and format a pie chart o Exploded pie charts Move one slice away from the others Useful for emphasizing one category above all of the others o Create and format a line chart o Line charts are typically used when the data consists of values drawn from categories that follow a sequential order at evenly spaced intervals, as with historical data in which the data values are recorded periodically such as monthly, quarterly, or yearly. o Displays data values using a connected line rather than columns or bars Create and format a combined chart o A combination chart is a chart that combines two or more chart types in a single graph such as a column chart and a line chart. Create a 3-D chart o Provide illusion of depth and distance

three spatial dimensions: The x-axis (length) The y-axis (height) The z-axis (depth) (0-200 units) Larger the value the thicker or deeper the chart appears to extend away from the viewer o Charts perspective controls how fast the chart appears to recede from the viewers eye Values range from 0 90 degrees; higher the number distant objects appear smaller Create and format sparklines and data bars o Sparkline is a mini chart that is displayed within a worksheet cell They dont have chart elements (legends, titles, gridlines, or axis) Goal: convey the max amount of graphical information in a very small space Can be grouped or ungrouped 3 types: Line sparkline o Highlights trends Column sparkline o For column charts Win/Loss sparkline o Highlights positive and negative values

o Adds

o Formatting the Sparkline o Can specify only line color and marker color o Can create line markers for highest value, lowest value, all negative values, first value, and last value o Can create markers for all data points regardless of value or position in data source

o Can add an axis to a sparkline horizontal line that separates positive and negative values Creating Data Bars o A data bar is a conditional format that adds a horizontal bar to the background of a cell containing a numeric value o Length of bars are based on the value of each cell in the range o Lengths of data bars automatically update if cells value changes Create a chart sheet o Chart sheets are for detailed charts that need more space to be seen clearly or to show a chart without any worksheet text or data o Do not contain worksheet cells for calculating numeric values

Editing and Modifying Charts and Chart Elements

Moving a Chart to a Different Worksheeet o -Charts are either embedded or their own sheet(chart sheet) Moving and Resizing Charts o sizing handles (just like any other object) -Formatting Data labels on a Pie Chart o They provide descriptive text for the individual data markers o Labels placed outside of the slice might appear far from the slice in that case, leader lines, lines that connect each data label to its corresponding data maker, can be added. o -But if there is enough space , the lines disappear o -Utilize the Format Data Labels Dialog Box Change Pie Slice Colors o Colors of each slice should be distinct Formatting Date Labels in a Line Chart o On an axis the minimum and maximum scales range can be set or adjusted o Custom date formats use combinations of m, d, and y for months, days, and years o Number of letters controls how Excel displays the date o - Page EX 196 o Overlaying a Chart Legend o Makes more space for the plot area

o An overlaid chart element (i.e.title and legend)floats in the chart area and is not fixed to a particular position; can be dragged to a new location Adding a Data Series to an Existing Chart o Charts can be modified by adding additional data series to the charts Key Terms bar chart (EX 184) category values (EX 170) chart (EX 170) chart area (EX 171) chart title (EX 171) column chart (EX 184) combination chart (EX 193) data bar (EX 192) data label (EX 171) data marker (EX 171) data series (EX 170) data source (EX 170) embedded chart (EX 170) exploded pie chart (EX 184) graph (EX 170) horizontal (category) axis (EX 171) leader lines (EX 182) legend (EX 171) line chart (EX 192) perspective (EX 210) pie chart (EX 174) plot area (EX 171) primary axis (EX 187) scale (EX 187) secondary axis (EX 187) selection box (EX 176) series name (EX 170) series values (EX 170) sizing handle (EX 176) sparkline (EX 192) tick marks (EX 171) vertical (value) axis (EX 170) XY scatter charts (EX 209) x-axis (EX 209) y-axis (EX 209) z-axis (EX 209

More Questions from Excel Tutorial 3 Q: What are the differences among relative, absolute, and mixed references? And when should you use them?

Q: Use Figure 3-10 to describe the commonly used math, trig, and statistical functions. Q: What is the fill handle? And what does it do? Q: What is a series? How do you create a series using AutoFill? *** Remember that the Quick Checks located throughout each tutorial are great examples to study***