CISCO CH 7 Laser printers electrophotographic technology Inkjet printers electrostatic spray technology Dot matrix printers impact technology

ogy (require carbon copies) Printer characteristics Capacity and Speed - Speed measured in pages per minute (ppm) - Inkjet (2-6 ppm) slower than laser (8-200 ppm) Color or Black/White Quality - Measured in dots per inch (dpi) Reliability - Warranty - Scheduled servicing - Mean time between failures (average time printer works without failing) Total cost of Ownership - Initial purchase price - Cost of supplies (paper, ink) - Price per page - Maintenance costs - Warranty costs - Expected lifetime Ports Serial - Single bits of info in a single cycle (dot matrix printers because they dont require high speed data transfer) Parallel (IEEE 1284) - Multiple bits of info in single cycle - Enhanced Parallel Port and Enhanced Capabilities Port allow bi-directional communication Small Computer System Interface - Parallel technology for high data-transfer rates USB - Speedy and simple setup (some support PnP) FireWire (IEEE 1394) - High speed bus with transfer rate of up to 400 Mbps - Allows devices to be hot-swappable Ethernet - Network printers - Use RJ-45 Wireless - Infrared o Max of 12 ft. - Bluetooth

o Unlicensed radio frequency for short-range communication Wi-Fi o 802.11b transfer data rate of 11 Mbps o 802.11g transfer data rate of 54 Mbps and backward compatible with 802.11b

Laser printers - Uses laser beam to create image - Electrophotographic drum coated with light sensitive insulating material - (cleaning) toner cleaned from drum(conditioning) latent image removed from drum(conditioning) laser light strikes drumbecome conductorelectrostatic image drawn as drum rotates(developing) passed by supply of toner which is attracted to image(transferring) image transferred to paper(fusing) toner melted on paper Impact printers (e.g. daisy wheel, matrix) - Print heads strike inked ribbon causing characters to be imprinted on paper - Advantages: o Inexpensive consumables o Continuous feed paper o Carbon-copy printing ability - Disadvantages: o Noisy o Low-resolution graphics o Limited colour capability o Slow printing (32-76 characters per second) - Daisy wheel printer: o Wheel has letters, numbers and characters o Rotates until required character in place then character pushed into ink ribbon and then imprints character on paper (using electromechanical hammer) - Dot matrix printer: o Pins that stamp characters (using electromagnets) o 9 or 24 pins (affect quality) o Highest quality: Near letter Quality (NLQ) Inkjet Printers - Advantages: high quality, easy to use, inexpensive, quick warm up - Disadvantages: nozzles clog, ink cartridges expensive, wet ink after printing - Ink-filled cartridges spray ink onto page through holes/nozzles - Two types of nozzles o Thermal heat from electrical current creates bubble of steam in chamber forcing ink out of nozzle o Piezoelectric located in ink reservoir; vibrates when charge applied, causing it to vibrate and push ink out of nozzle Solid ink printers - Use solid ink sticks that are melted and then sprayed through nozzles

Ink sprayed onto drum and then transferred to paper Advantages: o Vibrant colours o Easy to use o Use many different paper types Disadvantages o Expensive o Ink expensive o Slow warm up

Thermal Printers - Thermal paper chemically treated with waxy quality - Turns black when heated; heat variation creates pattern - Advantages: long life, few moving parts - Disadvantages: expensive paper with short shelf life, poor quality images, paper must be stored at room temperature Dye Sublimation Printers - Graphic printing - Solid sheets of ink change from solid to gas - Print head passes over sheet of cyan, magenta, yellow and clear overcoat - Advantages: o High quality images o Overcoat reduces smearing, increases moisture resistance - Disadvantages: o Expensive media o Better for colour than grayscale Installation & Configuration - Drivers software programs that allow computer and printer to communicate with each other - Firmware set of instructions store on printer, controls operation Upgrading memory - Memory specifications o Standard or proprietary o Capacity - Memory population and availability o Number of available slots - Steps o Turn printer off o Disconnect cables o Open memory compartment o Replace or add memory modules o Close memory compartment o Reconnect cables

o Power on printer o Run self-test o Print test page Configurations - Paper type - Print quality - Colour printing - B/W printing - Grayscale printing - Paper size - Paper orientation - Print layout - Duplex (single/double sided) Optimize Printer Performance Print spool settings cancel of pause print jobs in printer queue Color Calibration adjust settings to math colour on printed sheet Paper orientation landscape or portrait Testing Print test page - StartPrinters and FaxesPropertiesGeneral TabPrint Test Page Using command prompt - StartRuntype cmdenter Print fileName.txt Can print from printer panel on printer Network printer setup Sharing: StartPrinters and FaxesPropertiesShareShare this printerApply Connecting: StartPrinters and FaxesAdd Pritner *All computers must have drivers installed for shared printer Types of Scanners - All-in-one o Includes scanner, printer, copier and fax o Advantages: all inclusive, low cost, easy upgrades, connection easy (one port) o Disadvantages: not modular (if one breaks, others may function improperly), not for heavy use - Flatbed o Item face down on glass o Scanner head with image sensors beneath glass moves along, capturing image o Sheet feeders to scan multiple sheets - Handheld o Small, portable o Must pass the scanner across item - Drum scanner

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High quality Image attached to revolving drum or supporting canister Drum rotates at high speeds across optical scanners Optical scanners move slowly across drum until entire image captured

Installation and Configuration All-in-ones plug into wall outlet but others get power through USB or FireWire Configurations: - Colour, grayscale, B/W - One touch into choice of software - Quality and resolution - Sheet feeders Colour calibration: - Scan graphics with specific colours - Calibration application compares output with known colours - Automatically adjusts Paper Selection: - Specific types of paper can ensure that printer lasts longer