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MIET 2115 Materials Laboratory

Introduction
Last year you tested different materials to gain a better understaning of the differences between yield strength, UTS and the Youngs Modulus of different material classes. This year, we will re-examine these material classes in terms of how the presence of notches affects their tensile properties.

Materials
There should be unnotched samples of: Glass reinforced plastic 0/90 orientation Glass reinforced plastic 45

Method
1. Measure the thicknesses and widths of the samples in the gauge section. 2. In the middle of the gauge section, file a notch of approximately 5mm in length in one side of one 45 and one 0/90. 3. Follow the advice of the laboratory supervisor and test each of the samples in tension, using United testing equipment. Ensure you record enough information to get the yield and ultimate tensile strengths of both the notched and unnotched samples, as well as the Youngs Modulus for each. 4. Once the samples have fractured, halt the test. For the notched samples, look at the fracture surface and measure how deep your notch actually is. Record this result. 5. Take a record of the test results. Be sure you check with your postgrad supervisor regarding the output of the machine. You may need to convert the machine output to stress and strain.

Results and Discussion


1. If your samples broke in the grips, explain why this occurred. 2. Compare the shape of the stress-strain curves for each material in the notched and unnotched conditions. How does the area under the curve vary between the notched and unnotched conditions? How does the area under the curve vary between material types? What does this area represent? (If you do not have valid results, consider what kind of differences you would expect to see.) 3. Compare the values of the yield strength and the ultimate tensile strengths of each material in the notched and unnotched conditions. What differences are there? Are the differences what you explected? Explain your answer. Which materials showed the greatest difference between the notched and unnotched strengths? (If you do not have valid results, consider what kind of differences you would expect to see.) 4. Is the stiffness affected by the presence of the notches? Would you expect the stiffness to be altered by the presence of the notch? Explain your answer. (If you do not have valid results, consider what kind of differences you would expect to see.) 5. Estimate the stress concentration factor for each material in the loading geometry used. Does the stress concentration factor vary with material type? (If you do not have valid results, consider how the stress concentration factor could be caluclated.)

6. Stress concentration factors are derived for isotropic materials and elastic loading. Are these assumptions valid for fibre reinforced composites? Explain your answer.

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