Mathematics S

Semester 2
Sample Examinations
SOLUTIONS
2011

UNSW Foundation Year

UNSW Foundation Studies
UNSW Global Pty Limited
UNSW
Sydney NSW 2052

Copyright 2011

All rights reserved. Except under the

conditions described in the Copyright
Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent
amendments, this publication may not
be reproduced, in part or whole, without
the permission of the copyright owner.

SAMPLE A
(SOLUTIONS)

Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Global Pty Limited
UNSW
Sydney NSW 2052

Copyright 2011

All rights reserved. Except under the

conditions described in the Copyright
Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent
amendments, this publication may not
be reproduced, in part or whole, without
the permission of the copyright owner.

Mathematics S Sample A Final Examination (SOLUTIONS)

1.

(i)

Let

log 8 32 = x
x

then

32 = 8
32 = 2

3x

2 =2

3x

i.e.

(ii)

5 = 3x (Equating indices.)
5
=x
3
5
log 8 32 = .
3

3x 1 < 5

5 < 3 x 1 < 5
4 < 3 x < 6
4
< x < 2.
3

(iii)

dt = 2

t dt
t
4

1
t 2
=
1
2 1

[ ]
= 2[ 4 1]
=2 t

= 2.

(iv)

60 7
9 8
= 15 6 [3 significant figures.]

T = 2

(v)

x2

1
=
8

2 2 x = 2 3 x
2

2 x 2 = 3 x

[Equating Indices]

2 x 2 + 3x = 0
x (2 x + 3) = 0
x = 0,

( vi)

3
2

2x2 x

2x 2 x 0
x (2 x 1) 0
x0 x

(vii)

1
2

If x 4, x , 5x 12 form a G.P., then:

x
5x 12
=
x4
x
2
= ( x 4)(5x 12)
x
x2

= 5x 2 32 x + 48

= 4 x 2 32 x + 48

= x 2 8 x + 12
0
( x 6)( x 2) = 0

x = 6, 2.
If x = 6 the terms are 2, 6, 18.
If x = 2, the terms are 2, 2, 2, but all three terms are positive.
So x = 6 is the only solution.

x 3 = 50

(viii)
Let
then

f ( x ) = x 3 50
f ' ( x ) = 3x 2
f (3 5) = ( 3 5) 3 50
= 7 125

and

f '(3 5) = 3(3 5) 2
= 36 75
By Newton's Method a second approximation will be
f ( x1 )
f '( x1 )
7 125
x2 = 3 5
36 75
= 3 69 (2D).
x 2 = x1

(ix)

x4 x

If

1
4

=2

then

1

41
x x 4 = 4

1
2

x 2+x
1
2

x +x

1
2

=4
=6

1

21
2
x + x = 36

x + 2 + x 1 = 36
x + x 1 = 34.

2.

(i)

(a )

Let
then

(b)

Let
then

(c)

Let

then

(d)

Let
then

y = (7 x ) 8
dy
= 8(7 x ) 7 ( 1)
dx
= 8(7 x ) 7 .
x
2
dy
x
5
= 6 cos 2 x + sin .
dx
2
2
y = 3 sin 2 x 5 cos

2 x + 1
y = ln
x 7
= ln[2 x + 1] ln[ x 7]
dy
2
1
=

dx 2 x + 1 x 7
2( x 7) 1(2 x + 1)
=
(2 x + 1)( x 7)
2 x 14 2 x 1
=
(2 x + 1)( x 7)
15
=
.
(2 x + 1)( x 7)

y = 2 xe

u = 2 x

u = 2

x 2 1

dy
= uv + vu
dx
= 2 x[2 xe x
= 2e x

] + ex

[2 x 2 + 1].

[ 2]

2
v = 2 xe x 1

v = ex

5
x 1
= 5( x 1) 1

(ii)

y=

dy
= 5( x 1) 2
dx
5
=
( x 1) 2
dy
5
At x = 2,
=
dx (2 1) 2
= 5 The slope of the tangent.
1
the slope of the normal = .
5
5
Also at x = 2, y =
= 5.
2 1
The equation of the normal at (2,5) will be:1
y 5 = ( x 2)
5
5 y 25 = x 2
0 = x 5 y + 23
x 5 y + 23 = 0.

(iii)

BBB

B
B
B

BBW

W
B
W
B
W

BWB

W
B
W
B
W

(a)

BWW
WBB
WBW
WWB
WWW
See next page.

Pr[No white cards] = Pr[all Black cards]

= Pr[BBB]
4 3 2
=
9 8 7
1
= .
21

(b)

(iv)

Pr[at least 2 black cards] = Pr[2 or 3 black cards]

= Pr[BBW] or Pr[BWB] or Pr[WBB] or Pr[BBB]
4 3 5 4 5 3 5 4 3 4 3 2
= + + +
9 8 7 9 8 7 9 8 7 9 8 7
17
.
=
42

First find the point of intersection of l1 and l2 by solving simultaneously:

3 x 4 y + 4 = 0

2 x 5y 9 = 0
6 x 8 y + 8 = 0................(1)
6 x 15 y 27 = 0............(2)
(1) (2)

7 y + 35 = 0
7 y = 35
y = 5
3x 4( 5) + 4 = 0
3x + 24 = 0
3x = 24

x = 8
Point of intersection is ( 8,5).
Now the equation of any line 4 x 7 y + 13 = 0 is
7 x + 4 y + k = 0.
If ( 8,5) lies on this line then 7( 8) + 4( 5) + k = 0
k = 76.
So the equation of the required line is 7 x + 4 y + 76 = 0.

3.

(i)

(a)

(b)

x
5
3
x

5 cos 2 x 3 sin 2 dx = 2 sin 2 x + 1 cos 2 + c

2
5
x
= sin 2 x + 6 cos + c.
2
2
(5x 7)
+c
54
(5x 7)4
+ c.
=
20

3
(5x 7) dx =

(c)

(d)

(ii)

2 dx = 2 dx

3 2x
3 2x
= ln[3 2 x ] + c.

7
x2
2
xe
dx
2
7 2
= e x + c.
2

x
7 xe dx =
2

8e x e x = 2
8
ex = 2
ex
Let m = e x
8
Then
m= 2
m
8 m 2 = 2m

m 2 + 2m 8 = 0
(m + 4)(m 2) = 0
m = 4 , m = 2
then e x = 4 or e x = 2
no solutions, x = ln 2.

(iii)

(a)

(b)

x dx = 2 (2)(2) + 2 (8)(8)

= 2 + 32
= 34.

(iv)

8
4
So, BOC = 1 1071[radians]
Then, AOB = 2 1 1071
= 0 927.
By Pythagoras' Theorem,
tan BOC =

OB = 4 2 + 8 2
= 80
1
Shaded Area = r 2 [ sin ]
2
1
= ( 80 ) 2 [0 927 sin 0 927]
2
= 5 09 cm 2 .

4. (i) The point (h, k ) lies on the line y = x + 1, so we can substitute x = h, & y = k

k = h + 1.
Also we know that (h, k ) is 5 units from (0,2), so
(h 0) 2 + ( k 2) 2 = 5
h 2 + ( k 2) 2
But, k = h + 1

= 25

h 2 + ( h + 1 2) 2

= 25

h 2 + (h 1) 2 = 25
h 2 + h 2 2h + 1 = 25
2h 2 2h 24 = 0
h 2 h 12 = 0
(h 4)(h + 3) = 0
h = 4 k = 4 +1= 5
h = 3 k = 3 + 1 = 2.

(ii)

(a)

To find the points of intersection we solve simultaneously:

From (2)

x 2 = 8 y .........(1)
3x 2 y 8 = 0 .......(2)
3x 8 = 2 y
12 x 32 = 8 y .......(3)

Now substitute (3) into (1)

x 2 = 12 x 32

x 2 12 x + 32 = 0
( x 4)( x 8) = 0
x = 4, y = 2
x = 8, y = 8
So the points of intersection are (4,2) and (8,8).

(b)

3x 8 x 2
dx
Shaded area =
8
2
4
8

1
12 x 32 x 2 dx
8 4
8

x3
1
= 6 x 2 32 x
8
3 4
=

1 2
83 2
4 3

6
8
32
8
6
4
32
4
()
( )

8
3
3

4
square units.
3

( )

(c)

( )

x2
3x 8
V =
dx 8 dx
2

4

[3x 8] dx
2

(3x 8)

(iii)

x
64

dx

[(3 8 8)
36

x5

4 3 3
4

4
3

64 5 4

( 3 4 8)

]_

64
cubic units.
5

320

4
4
2
2
tan
x
dx
=

sec x 1 dx
0
0

4
= tan x x

0
= [tan
= 1

] [tan 0 0]

[8

45

(iv)

and
T11 = 5 T6
T8 + T9 = 40
a + 10d = 5[a + 5d ]
a + 7d + a + 8d = 40
2a + 15d = 40 ......(2)
a + 10d = 5a + 25d
4a = 15d .................(1)
Substitute (1) into (2) gives:
2a + (-4a ) = 40
2a = 40
16
d = .
a = 20 4( 20) = 15d
3
6
16
So, S 6 = 2 20 + 5
2
3
= 40.

5.

(i)

e 2dx = 1
0

x2
2e = 1

0
k

2e 2 2e0 = 1
k

2e 2 2 = 1
k

2e 2 = 3
k

e2 =

3
2

k
3
= log e
2
2
3
k = 2ln
2
9
k = ln .
4

(ii)

At x = 2, f '( x ) = 0 , also when x < 2, f '( x ) > 0

and when x > 2, f ' ( x ) > 0
x
f '(x)

x<2
+

x=2
0

x>2
+

A horizontal inflexion point will occur at x = 2.

(ii)

(b)

dM
= kM
dt
When t = 0,

(iii)

M = 10e
When t = 5,

M = M o e kt .

M = 10

M o = 10

kt

M =8

8 = 10e 5k
8
= e 5k
10
ln(0 8) = 5k
ln(0 8)
=k
5
Now we have to find t when M = 75% of 10 = 7 5.
7 5 = 10e kt
0 75 = e kt
ln(0 75) = kt
ln(0 75)
=t
k
ln(0 75)
=t
ln(0 8)
5
6 4 = t.

6(i)

(a) LHS = 2[cos( ) cos x sin( ) sin x][cos( ) cos x + sin( ) sin x]
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
= 2(
sin x)
cos x
sin x)(
cos x
2
2
2
2
1
1
= 2( cos 2 x sin 2 x)
2
2
2
2
= cos x sin x
= cos 2 x
(b) cos 2 x = 1
2 x = 0, 2 , 4
x = 0, , 2

(ii)

V = 2000 + 6t t
0 t 6.
dV
2
= 12t 3t
dt
2
d V
= 12 6t
dt 2
dV
(a)
Put
=0
12t 3t 2 = 0
dt
3t (4 t ) = 0
2

t = 0, t = 4.
2

When t = 4,

d V
= 12 ( < 0)
dt 2

(b)

Vmax = 2000 + 6 4 2 4 3
= 2032 kl.

V is maximum here.

(c)

(d)

(iii)

When t = 2

f (x) = x 3

f ( x) = ( x)3
= x 3
= f (x).

f (x) is odd.

(b)

f ( x)dx = 0

(c)

f ( x ) = x 3 cos 2 x

f ( x ) = ( x ) 3 cos( 2 x )
[cos( ) = cos ]

= x 3 cos 2 x
= f ( x ).
f ( x ) is odd.

(d)

[e

2 x

+ x cos 2 x dx = e
3

2 x

dx + x 3 cos 2 x dx
1

e 2 x
=
+0
2 1
1 2
=
e e2
2
e 2 e 2
.
=
2

f ( x ) = 0, if f ( x ) is odd.
1

7.

(i)

1
6

16
3dx
=
1 9 x 2 3 1 1 (3x ) 2
dx

1
6
= sin 1 ( 3x )
3
1
6

1 1 1
1
sin sin 1

2
2
3

1

3 6 6

2
18

(ii)
3x + 1
<2
3x + 5
3x + 1
2<0
3x + 5
3x + 1 2(3x + 5)
<0
3x + 5
3x + 1 6 x 10
<0
3x + 5
3 x 9
<0
3x + 5
Critical values:3 x 9 = 0
x = 3;
and 3x + 5 = 0
5
3
x=0
negative

x=

Test Points
(3x9)/(3x+5)

x=4
negative

Solution
See over page for alternative method

x = 2
positive

2
x < 3 x > 1 .
3

Alternative method for part (ii)

3x + 1
<2
3x + 5
multiply throughout by (3 x + 5) 2
(3 x + 1)(3 x + 5) < 2(3 x + 5) 2
(3 x + 1)(3 x + 5) 2(3 x + 5) 2 < 0
(3 x + 5)[(3 x + 1) 2(3 x + 5)] < 0
(3 x + 5)[3 x + 1 6 x 10] < 0
(3 x + 5)(3 x 9) < 0
roots are 3 and 5 / 3
we sketch the parabola y = (3 x + 5)(3 x 9)
and find the x values for which y < 0

From the graph we can see that

(3 x + 5)(3 x 9) < 0 when

x < 3 or x > 5 / 3

-3

-5/3

9
9 2 9 2

(2 x + 3x ) 1 = (2 x + 3x 2 ) 1 ( ) + ( ) 2 ......................

x
1 x 2 x

(iii)

18 144

= (2 x + 3x 2 ) 1
+ 2 ...................................
x
x

For the term independent of x: (2) (1) + ( 1) ( 18) + (3) (144) = 452

] [ ]

d 2
1
x log e x = x 2 + [log e x ][2 x ]
d
x
d 2
x log e x = x + 2 x log e x
dx

(iv)

d 2
x log e x x = 2 x log e x
dx
e2

e2

d x 2 log x dx x dx
x
x
dx
2
log
=

e
e

1 dx
1
1
e2

2 xlog e xdx = x 2 log e x

1
2

e2

e
1

x2

2 1

e
e 4 1
1 4

2
xlog e xdx = 2 e ln e (1 ln 1) 2 2

e4 1
1
= 2e 4
+
2
2 2

3e 4 + 1
.
4

(v)
dM
=
dt

t
t 2
11

M =

6
Now: when t = 6

t
dt
t 2

let

u = 62 = 2

: when t = 11

u = 11 2 = 3.

1
dt
2 t 2
t = u2 + 2

du =

Also:
and:
11

dt = u 2 + 2 2 du
t 2
2

u3

= 2 + 2u
3
2

= 2 ( 9 + 6) + 4
3

2
= 16 kg.
3

8.

(i)

u= t 2

(ii)

x
x + 2 x + 0x + 0x + 0
2

x3

+ 2x

x3
2x
= x 2
2
x +2
x +2

2x
3
x dx
2
x +2

2x
] dx
=
[x 2

x +2
x2
=
ln[ x 2 + 2] + c
2

(iii)

6
= tan( + )
x
6
tan 1 = +
x

3
= tan
x
3
tan 1 =
x

and

6
x

3
x

= tan 1 tan 1
Now differentiating implicitly with respect to t:
6
3
2
2
d
dx
dx
= x

36 dt
9
dt
dt
1+ 2
1+ 2
x
x
dx
When x = 10,
= 1
dt
3
6
d
= 100 ( 1) + 100 ( 1)
36
9
dt
1+
1+
100
100
d
123
radians / second
=
dt 7412
= 0 0166 radians / second.

(iv)

In doing this question we must use the fact that the degree of the remainder
is always less than the degree of the divisor. So when we divide a polynomial
by a quadratic, then the remainder could be linear (i.e. ax + b).
Let the polynomial be P ( x ).
Then

P( 1) = 6

and

P(3) = 2,

P( x ) = ( x 2 x 3)Q( x ) + ax + b
2

Also

when P( x ) is divided by ( x 2 2 x 3).

P( 1) = (0)Q( x ) + a ( 1) + b = 6
P(3) = (0)Q( x ) + a (3) + b = 2

Now solve (1) and (2) simultaneously:

a + b = 6

3a + b = 2
4 a

=8
a = 2

b = 4.

The remainder is 2 x + 4.
(v)

AB = 10 r
r
sin =
10 r
5
5
1
=
=
sin =
125 5 5
5
r
1
=
10 r
5
r 5 = 10 r
r + r 5 = 10

r (1 + 5 ) = 10
r=

10
10(1 5 ) 5
=
=
4
2
1+ 5

5 1 .

a + b = 6
3a + b = 2

....(1)
.....(2)

9.

(i)

(a)

f ( x ) = 3 sin 1 (1 2 x )

(b)

Domain:

1 1 2 x 1
2 2 x 0

1 x 0

0 x 1

Range:

3 y 3
2
2

3
3

2
2

(c)

f :

y = 3 sin 1 (1 2 x )

x = 3 sin 1 (1 2 y)
f 1 :
x
= sin 1 (1 2 y )
3
x
sin = 1 2 y
3
x
2 y = 1 sin
3
y=

1
x
1 sin .

3
2

(ii)

2 x 3 < 3x + 1 we must find the points of intersection,

To use the graphs to solve

A and B of the two graphs.

To find A we must solve simultaneously:

y = (2 x 3)

y = 3x + 1

2 x + 3 = 3x + 1
2 = 5x
2
1
=x y=2
5
5

To find B we must solve simultaneously:

y = (2 x 3)

y = (3x + 1)

2 x + 3 = 3x 1
x = 4 y = 11.

Now read off the points along the x axis where y = 2 x 3 < y = 3x + 1
i.e. where the first graph is below the second graph.
x < 4

x>

2
.
5

(iii)

Let , , and be the roots of x 3 + kx 2 + mx + n = 0.

= + .
Then
Now + + = k

= n

and
also

+ + = m

2 = k

k
2

2n
k
= n =
2
k
2n
( + ) + = 2 +
=m
k
k 2 2n
+
=m
4
k
k 3 + 8n = 4 km
k 3 4 km + 8n = 0

(iv)

(1 + x ) n = c0 + c1 x + c2 x 2 + c3 x 3 +................+ cn 1 x n 1 + cn x n

(a)

( 1 x ) n = c0 c1 x + c2 x 2 c3 x 3 +.................. cn 1 x n 1 + cn x n [n is even]
(1 + x ) n + (1 x ) n = 2[c0 + c2 x 2 + c4 x 4 +.....................+ cn x n ]

..........(1)

If we now let x = 1 in equation (1) then we get:

2 n + 0 = 2[c0 + c2 + c4 +.....................+ cn ]
2n
= [c0 + c2 + c4 +.....................+cn ]
2
2 n 1 = [c0 + c2 + c4 +.....................+ cn ].

(b)

12

12

12

12

12

12 12 12
+ +
10 12

2r = 0 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8
r =0

[These are even co - efficients in the expansion of (1 + x ) 12 where x = 1.]

= c0 + c2 + c4 +...............+ c12
= 2 12 1
= 2 11 .

[ Using the answer to part (a)]

(c)

12

2r 5

2r

r =0

12
12
12
12
12
12
12
= 50 + 52 + 54 + 56 + 58 + 510 + 512
0
2
4
6
8
10
12

The above expansion is the sum of the even co - efficients in the expansion
(1 + x ) 12 where x = 5.
The sum of the even co - efficients is found by using (1 + x ) 12 + (1 x ) 12 .
Now if x = 5, then:
6

12

2r 5

2r

= [(1 + 5) 12 + (1 5) 12 ] 2

r =0

= [612 + ( 4) 12 ] 2
= [612 + 4 12 ] 2
= [312 2 12 + 2 12 2 12 ] 2
2 12 [312 + 2 12 ]
2
11 12
= 2 [3 + 2 12 ].
a = 11 and b = 12.
=

10.

(i)

f ( x ) = sin 1 ( x ) + sin 1

( 1 x )
2

2 x
f '( x ) =

1
1 x

2 1 x2
1 (1 x 2 )

Since

d
dx

[ 1 x ] = 2 12xx
2

x
=

=
=

1
1 x2
1
1 x2
1

1 x2
= 0.

(i)

(b)

1 x2
x2
x

1 x2
x

Since x = x , if 0 x 1

1 x2

Since f ' ( x ) = 0 then f ( x ) must be a constant.

To find the value of this constant, we can substitute any number
from the Domain [0 x 1] into f ( x ).
Let us choose x = 0
f ( x) =

f (0) = sin 1 0 + sin 1 1 0 =

.
2
The graph of this function is shown below.

So

f ( x)dx = 1 2
0

[The area of the rectangle.]

y = ln(xy 2 )

(ii)

= ln x + ln( y 2 )
= ln x + 2 ln y
1 dy
dy 1
= + 2
dx x
y dx
dy 2 dy 1

=
dx y dx x
2 1
dy
1 =
dx
y x
dy
=
dx

1
x

2
y
dy
y
.
=
dx xy 2 x
1

Now when y = 3
3 = ln( x 32 )
3 = ln(9 x )
e3 = 9x

So

e3
=x
9
dy
3
= 3
dx e
e3
(3) 2
9
9
27
3e 2e 3
27
= 3.
e
=

(iii)

Sample space for throwing two dice

1
2
1
2
3
2
3
4
3
4
5
4
5
6
5
6
7
6
7
8

3
4
5
6
7
8
9

4
5
6
7
8
9
10

5
6
7
8
9
10
11

6
7
8
9
10
11
12

4 1
=
36 9
9
1
3
(b) P (5 or 8) =
=
P(second throw) =
36 4
4
(c) To win on second throw he must first not get a result on first throw and to win on third
throw he must not get a result on first two throws.
1 3 1 3 3 1
P(win on 1st , 2nd, or 3rd throw) = + +
9 4 9 4 4 9
1
1
a
4
(d) S =
= 9 = 9 =
3
1
1 r 1
9
4 4

(a) P(5) =

(iv)

To answer this question we try to sketch the graph of y = P(x) and see if the
graph cuts the x axis at 3 different points.
P(x)

3
2
= 2x 9x + 12x k

P ' (x) = 6x 2 18x + 12

P"(x) = 12x 18
Put P ' (x) = 0,

6x 2 18x + 12 = 0
x 2 3x + 2 = 0
(x 2)(x 1) = 0
x = 1, 2.

Now P"(1) = 6 (< 0)

P"(2) = 6 (> 0)

Maximum turning point occurs here.

Minimum turning point occurs here.

maximum point is (1, 5 k )

P(1) = 2 9 + 12 k
= 5k

P(2) = 16 36 + 24 k
= 4k

mimimum point is (2, 4 k )

We can see that when the maximum point and the minimum point are on opposite
sides of the x - axis, then our function will have 3 distinct roots.
So

(5 k)(4 k) < 0

[Opposite signs when multiplied give < 0]

4 < k < 5.

[See the graph below]

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation.year@unsw.edu.au Web: www.ufs.unsw.edu.au
UNSW Foundation Studies is an education group of UNSW Global Pty Limited, a not-for-profit provider of education,
training and consulting services and a wholly owned enterprise of the University of New South Wales
ABN 62 086 418 582 CRICOS 00098G

SAMPLE B
(SOLUTIONS)

Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Global Pty Limited
UNSW
Sydney NSW 2052

Copyright 2011

All rights reserved. Except under the

conditions described in the Copyright
Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent
amendments, this publication may not
be reproduced, in part or whole, without
the permission of the copyright owner.

Mathematics S Sample B Final Examination (SOLUTIONS)

1.
(i)
4 x 6 < 3(2 x)

(ii)
6 20 3 45 = a 5

4 x 6 < 6 3x
7 x < 12
12
x<
7
(iii)

12 5 9 5 = a 5

2
t 3 dt =

3 5= a 5
a = 3
(iv)
y = x 2 + kx 4

5
3t 3

Substitute (1,5)
5= 1 k 4
k=2

5
5
3 3
= 8 13

3
= (32 1)
5
3
= 31
5
3
= 18
5
(vi)

(v)

log 2 (3 x 2 x + 1)

3 x = 81x +3

= log 2 (81 18 + 1)

3 x = 3 4 x +12

= log 2 64
= log 2 2

x 2 = 4 x + 12

x 2 4 x 12 = 0
( x 6)( x + 2) = 0
x = 6, x = 2

=6

(vii)

y = ln(5 x 1)

(viii)
3x + 1 = 8

0 = ln(5 x 1)

3x + 1 = 8

5x 1 = e
5x 1 = 1
5x = 2
2
x=
5
2
( ,0)
5

3x = 7
7
x=
3

or

3x + 1 = 8
3x = 9
x = 3

2.
(i)
(a)

(b)

d
(3x 2 5) 4
dx
= 4(3x 2 5) 3 .6 x

d
=
e
dx

= 24 x(3 x 2 5) 3

(c )

d
e5x
dx

5
= e
2

5x
2

5x
2

d 2
x ln( x + 1)
dx
= 2 x. ln( x + 1) + x 2 .

1
x +1

x2
= 2 x ln( x + 1) +
x +1
(ii)
(a) y = 9 x 2
y
3

-3

(b)

y = 1 + ln x
domain x > 0
vertical asymptote x = 0
x intercept 1 + ln x = 0
ln x = 1
1

x=e
1
x=
e

1/e

(iii)

(iv)
3
x 1
y = 3( x 1) 2
y=
20

(4r + 1) = 5 + 9 + 13 + + 81
r =1

n
(a + l )
2
20
=
(5 + 81)
2
= 10 86
= 860
=

3
( x 1) 2
3
y (4) = 2
3
1
=
3
=

gradient of tangent is gradient of normal is 3

(v)
If < PQR = then tan = 3
Now < PRQ =< PQR =
gradient of PR is tan(180 0 )
tan(180 0 )= tan = 3
gradient of PR is 3

1
3

3.
(i)
3x 2 + 4 x 3 = 0
4
b
=
3
a
c 3
(b) = =
= 1
a 3
(c) 2 + 2 = ( + ) 2 2
4
= ( ) 2 2 1
3
19
= +2
9
7
=3
9
3
3
(d ) + = ( + )( 2 + 2 )
(a) + =

4 7
= ( ) 3 + 1
3 9
4 43
=
3 9
172
=
27
10
= 6
27
(ii)

A = t 3 6t 2 + 4
dA
= 3t 2 12t
dt
3t 2 12t > 0
3t (t 4) > 0
consider graph of y = 3t (t 4)
solution t < 0 or t > 4

(iii)

d
1
(a)
( x ln x x) =1. ln x + x. 1
dx
x
= ln x + 1 1

= ln x

(iv)

(a ) P0 = 20000
when t = 10, P = 16380
16380 = 20000e 10 k
0.819 = e 10 k
ln 0.819 = 10k
ln 0.819
k=
10
k = 0.020 (3 decimal places)
(b) In year 2000 t = 20
P = 20000e 0.02020
= 13400 (nearest hundred)

4.
(i)

d
tan(6 x)
dx
= sec 2 (6 x)
(ii)
(a)

sec

5 x dx =

1
tan 5 x + c
5

(b)

sin xe

cos x

dx = sin xe cos x dx = e cos x + c

ln x dx = x ln x x

= e ln e e 0 + 1
= e 1 e + 1
=1

(iii)

CD 2 = 25 2 + 40 2 2 25 40 cos 20
= 625 + 1600 2000 cos 20
= 345.61
CD = 18.6 km

(a)

D
C

25

40

Distance is shorter by (25+18.6)-40

= 3.6 km

20

1
25 40 sin 20
2
= 171 km 2

(b) Area =

(iv)

(a ) Area = x 2 (3 x) dx

0
3

= 3x 2 x 3 dx
0
3

x4
= x3
4 0

81
= 27 0
4
3
= 6 square units
4

(b) Volume = x 4 (3 x) 2 dx
0
3

= x 4 (9 6 x 2 + x 2 ) dx
0
3

= 9 x 4 6 x 5 + x 6 dx
0
3

9x5 6x 6 x 7
=

+
6
7 0
5
2187
2187
=
729 +
7
5
729
=
35

5.

(a)

(x + 3)2 = x 2 + 6 x + 9
x 2 2x + 1
x 2 + 6 x + 9 x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9
x 4 + 6x 3 + 9x 2
2 x 3 11x 2 12 x
2 x 3 12 x 2 18 x
x 2 + 6x + 9
x 2 + 6x + 9
0

So, remainder is 0 x + 3 2 is a factor of P( x )

(b)
From above P( x) = ( x 2 + 6 x + 9)( x 2 2 x + 1)
= ( x + 3) 2 ( x 1) 2
( x + 3) 2 ( x 1) 2 = 0
x = 3 or x = 1 (both double roots)
(c)
P ( x) = 4 x 3 + 12 x 2 4 x 12
= 4 x 2 ( x + 3) 4( x + 3)
= (4 x 2 4)( x + 3)
= 4( x 2 1)( x + 3)
= 4( x + 1)( x 1)( x + 3)
Stationary points when P( x) = 0
x =1
x = 1
x = 3

y=0

(1,0)

y = 16

y=0

(1,16)

(3,0)

(d)
P ( x) = 12 x 2 + 24 x 4
P (1) = 32 (1,0) is a minimum point
P (1) = 16 (1,16) is a maximum point
P (3) = 32 (3,0) is a minimum point

(e)

y
(-1,16)

-3

(f)

y = 9 12 x
y = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9
9 12 x = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9
x 4 + 4x3 2x 2 = 0
x 2 ( x 2 + 4 x 2) = 0
x = 0,

x 2 + 4x 2 = 0
4 16 + 8
2
4 24
=
2
42 6
=
2
= 2 6

x=

(g)
We can use the previous parts of the question
x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 > 0 is equivalent to x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9 > 12 x + 9
Therefore we draw on the same diagram the graphs of
y = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9 (see part v) and y = 12 x + 9 (straight line)

Note that from part vi we know that the line cuts the curve at x = 2 + 6 and x = 2 6
and touches the curve at x = 0 (double root)

f(x)

-2-6
-2+6

We require the x values for which x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9 > 12 x + 9

i.e. the x values for which the curve is above the line.
Clearly from sketch x < 2 6 or x > 2 + 6
Note This part could also be solved by drawing the curve y = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 and finding the
x values for which y > 0

6.
(i)
(a)

d sin 1 x
1
e
sin 1 x
=
2
dx
1 x

(b)

d
ex
sin 1 (e x ) =
dx
1 e2x

(c )

(ii)
(a)

d
d
ln(cos 2 3 x) =
2 ln(cos 3x)
dx
dx
3 sin 3x
=2
cos 3 x
= 6 tan 3x

a + d , a + 3d , a + 4d form a GP
a + 3d a + 4d
=
a+d
a + 3d
a 2 + 6ad + 9d 2 = a 2 + 5ad + 4d 2
ad + 5d 2 = 0
d (a + 5d ) = 0
d = 0 (reject) or a = 5d
11
(2a + 10d )
2
11
= (10d + 10d )
2
=0

S11 =

(b)
22
(2a + 21d )
2
= 11(10d + 21d )
= 11 11d
= 121d

S 22 =

S 22 S11 = 121d 0 = 121d

Therefore the sum of the next 11 terms is 121d .

(iii)
(a) RHS = x 2 ( x 2 n y 2 n ) + y 2 n ( x 2 y 2 )
= x 2n+2 x 2 y 2n + y 2n x 2 y 2n+2
= x 2n+2 y 2n+2
(b)
Put n = 1

2n

2n

=x y
= ( x y )( x + y )
= P( x, y )( x + y )

when n = 1 the statement is true

Assume the statement is true when n = k
i.e. assume x

2k

2k

= ( x + y )Q( x, y ) where Q( x, y ) is some polynomial in x and y

Prove the statement is true when n = k + 1

i.e. prove x

2 ( k +1)

2 ( k +1)

= ( x + y ) S ( x, y ) where S ( x, y ) is some polynomial in x and y

Proof
LHS = x

2k +2
2

= x (x

2k

2k +2
2k

2k

y ) + y ( x y ) from part (i)

2k

= x ( x + y )Q( x, y ) + y ( x + y )( x y ) using assumption

2

2k

= (x + y)[x Q( x, y ) + y ( x y )] ie ( x + y ) [a polynomial in x and y ]

= ( x + y ) S ( x, y )
Therefore if the statement is true when n = k it is also true for n = k + 1 .
But the statement is true when n = 1 .
By the process of mathematical induction the statement is true for all positive integers n 1

7.
(i)
3
1
3 x 2 e x dx

3
1 2
= ex + c
3

(a) x 2 e x dx =
3

(b)

(c )

1
dx = sin 1 2 x + c
2
1 4x
2

x
1 4x 2

dx = x(1 4 x 2 )

1
2

dx
1

1
= 8 x(1 4 x 2 ) 2 dx
8

1
2 2
4x )

1 (1
=
1
8
2

+c
1

1 2
= (1 4 x 2 ) 2 + c
8 1
=

1 4x 2
+c
4

(ii)

R
5-y
B

5
y
P
6-x

(a)

) SA 2 = 25 + (6 x) 2
) SB 2 = 36 + (5 y ) 2
) AB 2 = x 2 + y 2
(b)
SB 2 = SA 2 + AB 2
36 + (5 y ) 2 = 25 + (6 x) 2 + x 2 + y 2
36 + 25 10 y + y 2 = 25 + 36 12 x + x 2 + x 2 + y 2
10 y

= 12 x + 2 x 2

10 y

=12 x 2 x 2

12
2
x x2
10
10
6
1
y = x x2
5
5

y=

(c)
dy 6 2
= x
dx 5 5
2
d2y
=
2
5
dx
maximum y when

6 2
x=0
5 5
6 2x = 0
2x = 6
x=3

6
1
3 32
5
5
18 9 9
y= =
5 5 5

y=

Therefore the maximum length of QB is 1

4
metres
5

(d)
1
xy
2
1 6x 1
= x( x 2 )
2 5 5
3x 2 x 3
=

5
10
2
6 x 3x
A =

5
10
6 6x
A =
5 10
6 x 3x 2
put A = 0

=0
5
10
12 x 3x 2 = 0
3 x(4 x) = 0
Area =

x = 0 (reject) x = 4
6 24
6

= <0
5 10
5
A is maximum when x = 4
A(4) =

3 16 64

5
10
32
=
10
= 3.2 m 2

Amax =

8.
(i)
By t method

8 cos x sin x = 4
1 t2
2t
8(
)
=4
2
1+ t
1+ t2
8 8t 2 2t = 4 + 4t 2
12t 2 + 2t 4 = 0
6t 2 + t 2 = 0
(3t + 2)(2t 1) = 0
2
1
t= , t=
3
2
2
x
x 1
tan = , tan =
2
3
2 2
x
x
= 146.30 0
= 26.57 0
2
2
0
x = 292.62
x = 53.130
x = 292 0 37

x = 530 7

By auxiliary angle method

8 cos x sin x = 4
R = 8 2 + 12 = 65
1
8
= 7 0 8

tan =

65 cos( x + 7 08) = 4
cos( x + 7 0 8) =

65
= 0.4961

basic angle is 60 015 and angle is 1st or 4th quadrant

0 0 x 360 0
7 0 8 x + 7 0 8 367 0 8
x + 7 08 = 60 015 or 360 0 60 015
x = 530 7

or 292 0 37

(ii)
(a)
put tan 1 a = then tan = a
since a > 0 we know that is an acute angle and we put it in a right angled triangle

/2-

1
a
2
1

i.e. = tan 1 ( )
a
2
1

= + tan 1 ( )
2
a

clearly tan(

) =

1
= tan 1 a + tan 1 ( )
a
2

(b)
1

dx

1 1 + 9 x 2 dx

1
1
tan 1 3 x 1

1 1
1
tan 3 tan 1 ( )

3
3

1 1
1
tan 3 + tan 1 ( )

3
3
1
=
3 2
=

(iii)
(a)

We solve simultaneously
y = 2mx m 2

y = x2
2mx m 2 = x 2
x 2 2mx + m 2 = 0
= 4m 2 4m 2 = 0
one solution when we solve simultaneously
line and parabola only intersect once
line is tangent to parabola

(b)
y = 2mx m 2
sub (2,0)
0 = 4m m 2
m( 4 m) = 0
m = 0, m = 4
(c)

Taking y = 2mx m 2 we put m = o and m = 4

m = 0 gives y = 0
m = 4 gives y = 8 x 16

(iv)
(a)

2 x + 7 = a ( x + 2) + b ( x 1)
Put x = 1 : 9 = 3a
a = 3

Put x = 2 : 3 = 3b
b = 1
2 x + 7 = 3 ( x + 2) ( x 1)
(b)

2x + 7

3( x + 2) ( x 1)
dx =
dx

( x + 2)( x 1)
( x + 2) ( x 1)
3
1
=
dx
dx

x 1
x+2
= 3 ln x 1 ln x + 2 + c

9.
(i)
(a) 3k 2 + 6k 1 = 0
6 36 + 12
6
6 48
k=
6
k = 0.15 or 2.15
k=

(b)

kx 2 + (k + 1) x + (k + 2) = 0
quadratic with real roots if
k 0 and = (k + 1) 4k (k + 2) 0

( k + 1) 2 4k ( k + 2) 0
k 2 + 2 k + 1 4 k 2 8k 0
3k 2 6k + 1 0

-215

015

3k 2 + 6k 1 0
from (a) roots are - 2.15 and 0.15
from sketch of y = 3k 2 + 6k 1 solution is
2.15 k 0.15 (k 0)
(c)

a<b<c

a, b, c are consecutive positive integers

put a = k, b = k + 1, c = k + 2
note that because they are positive integers we have k 1
ax 2 + bx + c = 0
kx 2 + (k + 1) x + (k + 2) = 0
from above this has solutions only when 2.15 k 0.15
but we require k 1 so therefore the equation cannot have real roots.
(ii)

OR
(a )
= cos( )
r
4

OR = r cos( )
4
2
Area = OR
= r 2 cos 2 (

1
(b) Area of sector = r 2
2
1

= r 2 [ 2( )]
2
2
4
1
= r 2 (2 )
2
= r 2

1
Area of square
2

1
r 2 = r 2 cos 2 ( )
2
4

Area of sector =

2 = cos 2 (

1
(1 + cos 2 x)
2

1
2 = [1 + cos( 2 )]
2
2

using cos 2 x =

4 = 1 + cos(

4 = 1 + sin 2
sin 2 = 4 1

2 )

10.
(i)

(a) P(2 points) = P(WW ) = 0.5 0.3 = 0.15

1
1
(b) Can score 0, ,1,1 , or 2 points
2
2
1
P (1 points) = P (WD or DW )
2
= 0.5 .2 + 0.2 0.3
= 0.10 + 0.06
= 0.16
1
P(1 or 2 points) = 0.16 + 0.15
2
= 0.31
1
P(< 1 points) = 1 - 0.31 = 0.69
2

(ii) (a) after t seconds P has moved 2t metres

P
2t
45
R

x
= cos 45 0
2t
x = 2t cos 45 0
1
x = 2t
2
= 2t
(b) ( ) length of diagonal = k 2 + k 2
= 2k 2
= 2k
1
2k
length =
4
4
distance
2k
2k
=
2 =
time =
sec onds
speed
4
8

(ii)(b) ( )

21

PB = 2t
BR = 2t
PR 2 = PB 2 BR 2
= 4t 2 2t 2
= 2t 2
PR = 2t
from similar triangles
QB AB
=
PR AR
PR AB
QB =
AR
2t k
=
k 2t
d
k 2 (k 2t ) 2 k 2t
QB =
dt
(k 2t ) 2
k 2 2 2kt + 2kt

(k 2t ) 2
k2 2

(k 2t ) 2

2k
8

put t =

d
QB =
dt
=

k2 2
(k
k2

2 2k 2
)
8
2

k
4

k2 2
3k
( )2
4
2
k 2 16
=
2
1
9k
=

16 2
9

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation.year@unsw.edu.au Web: www.ufs.unsw.edu.au
UNSW Foundation Studies is an education group of UNSW Global Pty Limited, a not-for-profit provider of education,
training and consulting services and a wholly owned enterprise of the University of New South Wales
ABN 62 086 418 582 CRICOS 00098G

SAMPLE C
(SOLUTIONS)

Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Global Pty Limited
UNSW
Sydney NSW 2052

Copyright 2011

All rights reserved. Except under the

conditions described in the Copyright
Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent
amendments, this publication may not
be reproduced, in part or whole, without
the permission of the copyright owner.

Mathematics S Sample C Final Examination (SOLUTIONS)

i)

a 2 = 7 2 + 17 2 2 7 17 cos 46
a 131
. (3 significant figures) since a > 0

ii)

5 ( 3k ) + 4 ( 2) = 7
15k = 15
k =1

1.

d
x 1 2 x
tan = sec
dx
2 2
2

iii)

iv)

lim
x 0

x2 + 4x
x ( x + 4)
= lim
x 0
3x
3x
x+4
= lim
x 0
3
4
=
3

v)
9 x 3 72 y 3
= 9( x 3 8 y 3 )
= 9( x 2 y )( x 2 + 2 xy + 4 y 2 )
vi)
1

= ( x + 1) dx
x x +

x2
=
+x+k
2

vii)
1
area = r 2
2
1
5
= 4
2
6
=

5
3

4 x = 8x
2

viii)

( 22 ) x

= ( 23 )

22 x = 23x
2

2 x 2 = 3x
2 x 2 3x = 0
x ( 2 x 3) = 0
x = 0,

3
2

ix)
cos =

2
3

tan =

2.

i)

5
2

x 1 = 2 x 5 or
x=4

x 1 = 2 x + 5
3x = 6
x=2
Checking shows only x = 4 satisfies

ii) a)

3 (1)
1 5
2
=
3
For 4 x + 6 y = 5
4
2
m= =
6
3
mAB =

b)

1 + 5 3 + ( 1)
M
,
M ( 2,1)
2
2

line AB

line 4 x + 6 y = 5

c)

Using (2,1) and gradient =

3
2
3
y 1 = (x 2)
2
2 y 2 = 3x 6
3 x 2 y 4 = 0 is the equation of the
perpendicular bisector

d)

2
2
d AM = ( 1 2) + ( 3 1)

= 9+4
= 13
r = 13

( x 2) 2 + ( y 1) = 13 is the equation of circle

2

centre M and through A and B.

y = x ln x

iii)

and when x = e 2

1
y = ln x + x
x
= ln x + 1
y = ln e 2 + 1
=3

Gradient of tangent is 3.
log 2 x + log 2 ( x + 6) = 4

iv)

log 2 ( x 2 + 6 x ) = 4
x 2 + 6x = 24
x 2 + 6 x 16 = 0

( x + 8) ( x 2) = 0
x = 8, 2
but x > 0 x = 2 only.

3.

i) a)

b)

original is y = x + 2
inverse is x =

y+2

x2 = y + 2
y = x2 2
f 1 ( x) = x 2 2
f 1 (3) = 9 2 = 7

ii)

a) P( F ) =

16
27

(b) P ( FF ) =

16 15 40

=
27 26 117

c) n( FUJ ) = n( F ) + n( J ) n( F J )
27 = 16 + 22 n( F J )
n( F J ) = 38 27 = 11
P( F J ) =

11
27

iii)
2
1
V =
dx
1 3x + 2

=
=
=

[ ln( 3x + 2) ] 12
[ ln 8 ln 5]
ln

8
5

= 0.492
Volume is 0.492 cubic units (to 3 decimal places)

iv)

cosecx + cot x
1
1
=
+
sin x tan x
1+ t2 1 t2
=
+
2t
2t
1+ t2 +1 t2
=
2t
2
=
2t
1
=
t

4.

i) a)

3
2

b)
1

area = e x + 2 dx
1

= [ e x + 2 x]11
= (e 1 + 2) (e1 2)
1
= + e + 4
e

ii)
y

y = 3 cos 1 ( x 2)

Domain : X = {x : 1 x 3}
Range : Y = {y : 0 y 3 }

iii)
f ( x) = x 3 6 x 2 + 11x 6
f ( x) = 3 x 2 12 x + 11
f ( x0 )
x1 = x0
f ( x 0 )
f (2)
f (2)
8 24 + 22 6
= 2
12 24 + 11

= 2
1
= 2
= 2

iv)
Let the roots be

a
, a, ar
r

Product of roots a 3 =
a=

2
1
=
16
8

1
2

1 1 r
, ,
2r 2 2
1 1 r 26
Sum of roots = =
2r 2 2 16
26 2r
1+ r + r2 =
16
13r
1+ r + r2 =
4
2
4 + 4r + 4r = 13r

Now roots are

4r 2 + 17 r + 4 = 0
(4r + 1)(r + 4) = 0
r=
1 1
Roots are 2, ,
2 8

1
r = 4
4
(both values of r give same roots)

5.
i)

a)

b)

c)

d 1 x
1
sin
=
dx
3
9 x2

d x+2 d
ln(
) =
ln( x + 2) ln( x 2)
dx x 2 dx
1
1
=

x+2 x2

( )

d
e
dx

1
= x 2e
2

1
2 x

y = 3x 2 + 1

ii) a)
At A, x = 1

y = 3(1) 2 + 1
Gradient is 4
3x 2 + 1 = 4

b)

3x 2 = 3
x2 = 1
x = 1
A is the point where x = 1
When x = 1, y = 4 B(1, 4)
Equation :

y 4 = 4( x 1)
y 4 = 4x 4
y = 4x

c)

y = 4x

(1)

y = x + x+2

( 2)

4x = x + x + 2
3

x 3 3x + 2 = 0
Test x = 2
(2) 3 3 (2) + 2 = 8 + 6 + 2 = 0

C is (2,8)
Alternative solution :
x 3 3x + 2 = 0 has roots , ,
2 + = 0

(1)

+ 2 = 3

( 2)

= 2
(1) = 2 and substituting into (3)

(3)

2 (2 ) = 2
2 3 = 2

3=1
=1
= 2
C is (2, 8) and B is (1, 4)

Area =

d)

(x
1

3x + 2) dx

x 4 3x 2

=
+ 2x
2
4
2
1

1 3
16 12

= + 2
+ ( 4)
4 2
4

2
3
= 6 square units.
4

6.

(i)

(a)

When t = 0 , N = 1 2 10 6
A = 1 2 10 6
so N = 1 2 10 6 e k t
When t = 5 , N = 1 8 10 6
1 8 10 6 = 1 2 10 6 e 5k
divide both sides by 1 2 10 6

1 5 = e 5k
5k = ln 1 5
1
k = ln 1 5
5
k = 0 081 (3 d.p.)
(b)

when t = 14
N = 1 2 10 6 e 0081 14

= 3 7 10 6

(c)

When N = 3 5 10 6
3 5 10 6 = 1 2 10 6 e 0081 t
divide both sides by 1 2 10 6
2 92 = e 0081 t
0 081t = ln 2 92
t 13 23
After 13 days there were 3 5 10 6 insects in the colony.

(d)

dN
= 0 081 1 2 10 6 e 0081 t
dt
dN
= 97200 e 0081 t
dt
When t = 8
dN
= 97200 e 0081 8
dt
= 185818 5596
= 190000 (2sig.fig)
The rate at which the colony of insects was increasing after
8 days is 190000 insects per day.

ii) a)

b)

y=

2
x +1

( )

2
> 0 when above x axis. Domain is x > 1
x +1

( ) When x < 0, y > 2 or y < 0 from graph.

( ) Draw y = x 3 on top of other graph. Clearly intersects twice so 2 solutions

iii)
1 k
)
2x3
1
20
C k x 20 4 k (1) k ( ) k
2
put 20 4k = 0
k =5
1
1
term is 20 C 5 x 0 (1) 5 ( ) 5 = 484
2
2

General term is

20

C k x 20 k (

7.
i)

a) x > 0
1 1

x x2
1 1

=0
x x2
x 1
=0
x2
x =1
y =1
1
2
y = 2 + 3
x
x
y (1) = 1
therefore (1,1) is a minimum turning point
therefore minimum value is y = 1
b) y =

c) y = 0
1
2
2 + 3 =0
x
x
x+2
=0
x3
x = 2 is a possible point of inflection

x
y

1
1

2
0

3
-1/27

Clearly concavity changes so there is a point of inflection when x = 2

d)

(1,1)
2

ii)
a) Stationary points when f ( x ) = 0 , i.e. at x = 0, 4
Test x = 0
x
f

0
+

0
0

0+
+

So x = 0 is a horizontal point of inflection

Test x = 4
x
f

4
+

4
0

4+

So x = 4 is a maximum turning point.

b)

f ( x ) decreasing when f ( x ) < 0 , i.e. x > 4

c) Concave down when gradient of f ( x ) curve is negative,

i.e. x < 0 or x > 3

8.
a)

i)

sin 2 x dx =

1 cos 2 x
1
1
1
dx = 1 cos 2 x dx = ( x sin 2 x) + c
2
2
2
2

b)
2
x dx = 1 9 dx

9 + x2 9 + x2
x
= x 3 tan 1 + C
3

ii)

a)

9
1 ( )3
10

9 n
) > 0.99
10
0.01 > (0.9) n
nlog(0.9)<log(0.01)
log 0.01
n>
NB reversal of inequality as dividing by a negative
log 0.9
n > 43.7
Ans n = 44

b) 1 (

iii)
P

6 cm

6 cm

Area of PQR = A
1
A = 6 6 sin
2
A = 18sin
dA
d
= 18 cos
dt
dt

When area is 9 we have

1
9 = 36 sin
2
9 = 18 sin
1
sin =
2

=
Also

dA
= 3 cm 2 / s
dt

3 = 18 cos

6 dt
18 3 d

3=
dt
2
d
3= 9 3
dt
d
1
=
dt
3 3

d
3
radians / second
=
dt
9

9.
(i)

R = 32 + 32 = 18 = 3 2

3
tan = = 1 =
3
4

(a)

3 sin x + 3 cos x = 3 2 sin( x +

period = 2

Amplitude = 3 2

(b)

(c)
y
6
(/4,32)
4
2
-/4
-2

7/4

3/4

-4
(5/4,-32)
-6

ii)
(a)

x 2 + ( y r)2 = r 2
x 2 + y 2 2 yr + r 2 = r 2
x 2 = 2 yr y 2

(b)

Rotate circle in (a) about y-axis for 0 y h

h

Volume = 2 yr y 2 dy
0

y3 h
]0
3
h3
= [h 2 r ]
3

= [ y 2r

4
I 1 = tan d
0

iii) a)

4 sin
=
d

0 cos

4
= ln cos

0
1
= ln
+ ln 1
2
= ln 2

b)

1
2

1
ln 2
2

I n + I n2

4
= tan n + tan n 2 d
0

= tan n 2 tan 2 + 1 d
0

4
= tan n 2 sec 2 d
0

tan n1 4
1
=
=
n 1 0 n 1

c)

When n = 3 , I 3 + I 1 =
so I 3 =

1
1
=
3 1 2

1 1
ln 2
2 2

1
1
=
5 1 4
1 1 1
1 1
So I 5 = + ln 2 = + ln 2
4 2 2
4 2
When n = 5 , I 5 + I 3 =

10.

3
5
3
cos x =
5

Let x = cos 1

i)

1
2
1
tan y =
2

y = tan 1

and

So
sin x =

4
,
5

1
5
2
cos y =
5
sin y =

3
1

sin cos1 + tan 1 = sin( x + y )

5
2
= sin x cos y + cos x sin y
4
2
3 1

+
5
5
5
5
8
3
=
+
5 5
5 5
=

11 5
25

ii) a)

b)

C1 x nC1 x
=
1+ 2
3
n
2
n
C2 x
C2 x 2
=
T3 =
2+2
4
n
3
n
Cx
C x3
T4 = 3 = 3
3+ 2
5
T2 =

n
n
n C0 n C1
C2 2
Cn n
+
x2 y = x2
x+
x +"+
x
3
4
n+2
2

( n )
( n1 ) 3 ( 2n ) 4
( nn ) n+2
0
2
=
x +
x +
x +"+
x
3
4
n+2

19

c)

()

()

( )

= x

[( ) + ( ) x + ( ) x
n
0

n
1

= x(1 + x )

d)

()

()

(n + 2) nn x n +1
2 n0
3 1n 2
4 2n 3
d 2
x y =
x +
x +
x + " +
( n + 2)
2
3
4
dx
n
2

+ " +

( )x ]
n
n

x 2 y = x (1 + x ) n dx and using u = x + 1 then du = dx

= (u 1) u n du
=

( u n+1 u n ) du

u n+2
u n +1

+ K
n+2
n +1
(1 + x ) n+2
( 1 + x ) n+1
2
+ K

So x y =
n+2
n +1
=

Let x = 0
1
1

n +1
n+2
n+ 2
(1 + x)
( 1 + x ) n+1
1
1
2
x y =

+
n+2
n+2
n +1
n +1
n+ 2
n +1
(1 + x) 1 (1 + x) 1
=

( n + 2)
(n + 1)
K =

e) If x = 1 in the series for x y in part (b), then

2

r+2 .
Cr

r =0

Substitute for x = 1 in the answer to part (d)

2 n + 2 1 2 n +1 1

n+2
n +1
n+2
+ 2 n + 2 n 1 n.2 n +1 2.2 n +1 + n + 2
n.2
=
(n + 1) (n + 2)
=

2n.2 n +1 + 2.2 n +1 n.2 n +1 2.2 n +1 + 1

(n + 1) (n + 2)

n.2 n +1 + 1
(n + 1) (n + 2)

r =0

Cr
n.2 n +1 + 1
=
n+2
(n + 1) (n + 2)
n

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation.year@unsw.edu.au Web: www.ufs.unsw.edu.au
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SAMPLE D
(SOLUTIONS)

Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Global Pty Limited
UNSW
Sydney NSW 2052

Copyright 2011

All rights reserved. Except under the

conditions described in the Copyright
Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent
amendments, this publication may not
be reproduced, in part or whole, without
the permission of the copyright owner.

(vii)

Question 1
(i)

d=

x 2 +2 x 2 =8
let m = x 2

( 5 1)2 + (6 + 2)2

m 2 + 2m 8 = 0
(m + 4)(m 2) = 0

= 36 + 64
= 10

(ii)

m = 4

or

x 2 = 4

x 2=2

x = 2

x =4

no real solution

2
8

(
(

)
)

(iii )

sin 180 D +
sin
=
D
cos
cos 180
= tan

(iv )

y = ln 4 x 2

dy
= 2 + 6x 2
dx
y = 2x + 2x3 + c
Substitute (1, 3)
3= 2+2+c
c = 1

y = 2x + 2x3 1

4 x2 > 0
Domain = {x : 2 < x < 2}

(v )

1
1
sin 1 + cos 1 =
4 2
4

(vi)

5 2x3
divide top & bottom by x 3
x x 3 + 4 x
5
2
3
x
= lim
x
4
1+ 2
x
= 2
lim

(viii )

(property)

m=2

x = 16

Question 2

(i )

(b )

(a )

f ( x) = e x . 2 x + x 2 . e x

(a )

( )

= e x 2x + x2

2
d 5 x 2
e
= 2 xe 5 x
dx

f ( x) = 0 at stationary points
ex = 0
or
no solution

d x (cos x )(1) ( x )( sin x)

=
dx cos x
cos 2 x
cos x + x sin x
cos 2 x

x=0

2x + x2 = 0
x(2 + x ) = 0

x = 2

or

y=0

y=

4
e2

f ( x) = 2 x + x 2 e x + e x (2 + 2 x )

(i )

(a )

(k + 2)x 2 + (k + 2)x + k = 0
For no real roots, < 0

= ex

(k + 2)2 4k (k + 2) < 0
(k + 2)(2 3k ) < 0

2
3

k < 2 k >

+ 4x + 2

(-2, 42 ) is a maximum turning point.

e

2
3

k + 2 > 0 and < 0

or
k > 2 and (k < 2 k >

f (100) = (100) 2 e 100

= 3 7 10 40

(c )

(2 sig figs)

2)
3

(-2, 42 )

k > 2 :

2
(k < 2 k > 23 ) :

k>

(iii )

f ( x) = x 2e x

2
3

At x = 2, f ( x) = e 2 (2) < 0.

If f ( x) = (k + 2 )x 2 + (k + 2 )x + k
is positive for all x then

At x = 0, f ( x) > 0.
(0, 0) is a minimum turning point.

(b )
(b )

(
(x

= e x 2x + x 2 + 2 + 2x

2
3

Question 3

(i)

(a)

5
6
(2 x 3) dx = 12 (2 x 3) + c

(b)

2 x + 1 dx
2
x +x+4
= ln ( x 2 + x + 4) + c

(c)

dx
2
x + 6 x + 10
1

=
dx
2
( x + 3) + 1

(b)

= tan 1 ( x + 3) + c
(ii)

(a)

x
y = cos 1
2
x
1 1
2
D: 2 x 2
R : 0 y

k
2
2

19
1 19
k = 2 =
27
3 6
3
or k = 2 (2) 2 = 12
2

2
2

2 =

k = 2 2

(b)

(iii)

3 2 5 2 = 0
(3 + 1) ( 2) = 0
1
= , 2
3
19
3
= ,
6
2
1 19
1
Roots are , ,
3
3 6
3
or 2, 2,
2

2 x 3 5x 2 4 x + k = 0
5
(a)
+ + =
2
5
= 2
2
2
+ + = 2
2 + 2 = 2
Substitute (*) into (**).
5

2 + 2 2 = 2
2

2
2
+ 5 4 = 2

(*)

(**)

Question 4

(i)

sin 2 2

lim
2
0

sin 2 sin 2

= lim

4
2 0
2
2

= 1 1 4 = 4

Alternative solution
(2 sin cos ) 2
lim
2

sin 2
= lim 4
cos 2
2
0

= 4 1 1 = 4

(ii)

(a)

I = I 0 e k t
dI
= kI 0 e k t = kI
dt

(b)

Substitute I =

1
I0 , t = 2
2

into I = I 0 e k t
0 5 = e 2 k
ln 0 5
=k
2
k = 0 347
(c)

(iii)

1
= e 0347 t
1000
1
ln
1000 = t
0 347
t = 19 907...
19 9 seconds
C k m 5 k n k

(a)

(b)

Coefficient of x 2 is
1 5C 2 m 3 n 2 + 1 5C1 m 4 n1
= 10m 3 n 2 + 5m 4 n
Coefficient of x 3 is
1 5C 3 m 2 n 3 + 1 5C 2 m 3 n 2

= 10m 2 n 3 + 10m 3 n 2

So, 10m 3 n 2 + 5m 4 n = 10m 2 n 3 + 10m 3 n 2

5m 4 n = 10m 2 n 3
m 4 n 10
=
5
m2n3
2
m
=2
n2

Question 5

(i)

1
3

(a)

1
3

1
3

1
3

2
3

C
I

2
3

2
3

5 5

= cos

cos
6 12
6 12

2
3

= 3

(a)

1
1
=
81
3
4

1
x
f (0 8) = 0 22 < 0
f (0 9) = 0 15 > 0
root between 0 8 and 0 9

1
1
= =
27
3

(b)

1
1
=
9
3

(d)
(ii)

x2 = 0 9

base angle =
2x =

= 0 86

(0 2 x 2 )

i.e. 2 x =

5
6

6
5
(0 x )
x= ,
12 12
Points of intersection are

5
,1 and ,1
12
12

(b)

f ( x) = tan x

1
x

f ( x) = sec 2 x +

2 sin 2 x = 1
1
sin 2 x =
2

(a)

1
x
1
tan x = 0
x

tan x =

Let f ( x) = tan x

1 1 2
+
3 3 3

(c)

3
= 0 68485...

(iii)
(b)

3 5
3

+
+
2 12
2 12

5
12

Area = (2 sin 2 x 1) dx

12

12

= cos 2 x x

12

1
x2
0 15

sec 2 0 9 +

1
(0 9) 2

Question 6

tan 45 =

(i)

m2
1 + 2m

(iii)

m2
1 + 2m
m2
or
=1
1 + 2m
m 2 = 2m + 1
m = 3

(a)

1=

(ii)

(a)

m2
= 1
1 + 2m
m 2 = 1 2 m
3m = 1
1
m=
3

d
( x sin 1 2 x)
dx

(b)

= 1 sin 1 2 x + x

2
1 4x 2

2x

= sin 1 2 x +

1 4x 2

(b) From part (a) we have

d
2x
( x sin 1 2 x) = sin 1 2 x +
dx
1 4x 2
d
2x
sin 1 2 x =
( x sin 1 2 x)
dx
1 4x 2
1

4
So sin 1 2 x
0

dx

1
4

1
4

2x
= x sin 1 2 x

2
0

0 1 4 x

dx

1
4

1
1
1

= sin 1 8 x(1 4 x 2 ) 2 dx

2 4
4

1 4

1
1 (1 4 x 2 ) 2
=
+

1
4 6
4

1 3
+
1
24 2 4

24

y = x

1
y= 2
x
1
x= 2
x
1
x= 4
x
5
x =1
x =1
(1,1)

3 1

4 2

3
2
2
x dx + x dx = 2
1
0
1

k
2 32
3
1
x + =
3 0 x 1 2
2 1 3
+ +1 =
3 k 2
3
1 2
= +1
k 3
2
1 1
=
k 6
k =6

Question 7

(i)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(ii)

a(1 r n )
1 r
1 n
200 1
3

=
2
3
1

= 300 1 n
3
Sn =

S =

(c)

300 300 1 n < 0 0001

3
1
300 n < 0 0001
3
300
3n >
0 0001
n
3 > 3 000 000
n ln 3 > ln 3 000 000
ln 3 000 000
n>
ln 3
n > 13 57
Smallest value n = 14

(a)

(b)

y = ln x

x=e

y = ln e = 1
(e, 1)

e
x

a
200
=
= 300
1
1 r
1
3

y = ln x
y = ln x
ey = x
x 2 = e 2 y
0

V = (e 2 e 2 y ) dy
1
0

= e 2 y + e 2 y
2
1

1
1
= 0 + e 2 + e 2
2
2

1
1
= + e2 e2
2
2
1 1
= + e2
2 2
=

(1 + e 2 )


1
= ln1 +

Question 8

(i ) (a ) ( )

t = tan

t
2

dt 1
x
= sec 2
dx 2
2
x
1
= tan 2 + 1
2
2
1
= t 2 +1
2
dx
2
=
dt 1 + t 2

( )

1 + sin x + cos x
1 t2
2t
= 1+
+
1+ t2 1+ t2
1 + t 2 + 2t + 1 t 2
=
1+ t2
2 + 2t
=
1+ t2

(ii )(a )

Using similar triangles

x
y
= 2
3
1
2
x = y
3
1
Now V = x 2 y
3
1 4
= y2 y
3 9
4 3
=
y
27

(b )

3 2dt

1+ t2
Integral =
2 + 2t

0 1 + t 2

x = 0 , t = 0

x = 3 , t = tan 6 = 3

2
3
=
dt

0 2 + 2t
1

3
= ln (1 + t )

1
= ln1 +
ln 1
3

3
y

1
Total Capacity = 4 3 = 4
3
4 3 1

y = 4
27
2
27
y3 =
2
27
y=3
2
2 38

(c )

dV 12 2 dy
y
=
dt
27
dt
4
dy
1 = 4
9
dt
dy 9
=
dt 16

So water level rising at

3 1
=
dt

0 1 + t

x
2

(b )

dx
3

0 1 + sin x + cos x

9
m./min.
16

Question 9

(i ) (a )

(b )

(ii ) (a )

( )

13 12 11 429
=
14 14 14 686

1
A = 2 xy sin
2
= xy sin

= y 2 cos sin

13 12 11
429
1 = 1
14 14 14
686
257
=
686

30 2

900

2 cos 2 1 + cos = 0
(2 cos 1)(cos + 1) = 0
1
cos =
or cos = 1
2
5
= ,
or =
3 3

1
. sin 2
2

(1 + cos )

450 sin 2

cos 2 + cos = 0

. cos sin

(1 + cos )2

(1 + cos )2

( )
dA
d

(1 + cos )2 .900 cos 2 450 sin 2 . 2(1 + cos ).( sin )

(1 + cos )4

(1 + cos )[900 cos 2 (1 + cos ) + 900 sin 2 sin ]

(1 + cos )4
900 cos 2 + 900(cos 2 cos + sin 2 sin )
=
(1 + cos )3
900 cos 2 + 900 cos(2 )
=
(1 + cos )3
900(cos 2 + cos )
=
(1 + cos )3

(ii ) (b ) ( )
y

x
y
x = y cos

cos =

P = 2x + 2 y
= 2 y cos + 2 y

( )

dA
d

= 0 when cos 2 + cos = 0

From (a), =
But <

5
3

. =

That is, 2 y (1 + cos ) = 60

dA
d

MAX

- 10 -

(iii ) (a )

Question 10

(i ) (a )

R = 3+9
3 sin x + 3 cos x

=2 3
= 2 3 sin x +

3
3
tan
=
= 3

=
3

(b )

(ii ) (a )

2 +

3
3
3 9
,
x+ =
3
4 4
5 23
x= ,
12 12

ax

Adding 1 and 2 gives

12 12
12
412 + 212 = 2 + 3 2 + "" + 312
12
0 2

+ bx + c

x 1 ax + (b a) x + (c b) x c
3

ax 3

12
12 12
412 + 212
+ 32 + "" + 312 =
2
12
0 2

212 212 + 1
2
11 12
= 2 2 +1
=

(c) Subtracting 2 from 1 gives

ax 2
bx 2 + (c b) x
bx 2

12 12 12 2
12
3 + 3 "" + 312 2
12
0 1 2

(1 3)12 =

Let P( x) = ax 3 + (b a) x 2 + (c b) x c
Then, P(1) = a + b a + c b c
=0
( x 1) is a factor of P( x)

(b)

If x = 3 and n = 6,

If x = 3 and n = 6,

sin x + =
3 2

x+

(b )

12 12 12 2
12
+ 3 + 3 + "" + 312
0 1 2
12

2 3 sin x + = 6
3

2n
2n 2n 2n
= + x + x 2 + "" + x 2 n
2n
0 1 2

(1 + 3)12 =

3 sin x + 3 cos x = 6

For

(1 + 2 x )2n

bx
cx c
cx c
0

P( x) = ( x 1)(ax 2 + bx + c)
If P( x) = 0 then x = 1 or ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
For 3 distinct real roots, ax + bx + c = 0
must have 2 distinct roots where x 1 .
2

So conditions are
b 2 4ac > 0 and a + b + c 0 and a 0 .

12
12
12
412 212 = 2 3 + 33 + "" + 311
11
3
1

12 12
12
412 212
3 + 33 + "" + 311 =
2
1 3
11

= 211 212 1

12 12
12
211 212 1
+ 3 2 + "" + 310 =
3
1 3
11

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation.year@unsw.edu.au Web: www.ufs.unsw.edu.au
UNSW Foundation Studies is an education group of UNSW Global Pty Limited, a not-for-profit provider of education,
training and consulting services and a wholly owned enterprise of the University of New South Wales
ABN 62 086 418 582 CRICOS 00098G

SAMPLE E
(SOLUTIONS)

Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Global Pty Limited
UNSW
Sydney NSW 2052

Copyright 2011

All rights reserved. Except under the

conditions described in the Copyright
Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent
amendments, this publication may not
be reproduced, in part or whole, without
the permission of the copyright owner.

Question 1

(vii)
(i)

= r

a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A
a = 4 + 9 2 2 3 cos 37
= 1 84834355
= 1 85
(3 sig. figs)

(ii)

2
3

(viii)

=0
m 2 4m = 0
m=0 m=4

a = 3 d = 2
T20 = a + 19d

d
(sin 2 x ) = 2 cos 2 x
dx

e x x 2 + 1 + 2 xe x

= e x x + 1 + 2x
2

= e x ( x + 1)

5
13
12
cos =
13

sin =

(iv)

(vi)

r=4

(ix)

= 3 + 19( 2 )
= 35

(v)

f ( x ) = 2 cos 3 x
p=

(iii)

l = r

P( x ) = x 3 + 2 x 2 + kx 6
P( 3) = 0

( 3)3 + 2( 3)2 + k ( 3) 6 = 0
27 + 18 3k 6 = 0
3k = 15
k = 5

13
5

12

Question 2

(iv)
(i)

(a)

y = x +1
Inverse:
x = y3 +1
3

1 t2
1 cos A
1+ t2
=
1 + cos A
1 t 2
1+
1+ t2
1+ t 2 1+ t 2
=
1+ t2 +1 t2
2t 2
=
2
2
=t
A
= tan 2
2
1

y = 3 x 1
i.e. f

(ii)

(x ) = 3

x 1

x 3 + 2 x 2 3x + 1 = 0
1 1 1 + +
+ + =

+ + = 3
= 1

=3

(b)
(iii)
(a)

3x
2
3
x 3 3x x + 1
3x 3 9 x
8x + 1
3x 3 x + 1
8x + 1

= 3x + 2
2
x 3
x 3

(b)

A
2

Let t = tan

()

VA:

x= 3

()

OA:

y = 3x

Let A = 30
1 cos 30
1 + cos 30
3
1
2
=
3
1+
2
2 3 2 3
=

2+ 3 2+ 3

tan 2 15 =

= 2 3

tan 15 = 2 3
(tan 15 is positive )

Question 3

(i)

(iii)

(a)

6
V = sec 2 2 x dx

= tan 2 x
2

(b)

(c)

y = sin 1 x
1

x=
y=
4
2
1
y = cos x
1

x=
y=
4
2
1
, lies on both curves

2 4

1
2

( )
1 + ( 2 )( 2 )
2 2

=2 2

{ 3 1}

{ 3 + 1} cubic units

Q
S

1 5
x
=
6
x+6
1
=
4
4x = x + 6
x=2
tip of shadow is 8m from pole
Q
S

x
y

1
1

= 7032

= 2

tan =

1.5

m2 =

y = cos 1 x
1
dy
=
dx
1 x2
x=

tan tan
2
3
4

1.5

(b)

= 2

1
1

(iii)(a)

y = sin 1 x
1
dy
=
dx
1 x2
1
x=
m1 =
2

1
2

yx 1
=
4
y
4 y 4x = y
4
y= x
3
dy 4 dx 4
=
= 05
dt 3 dt 3
2
= m/s
3

yx

Question 4

3
1

(iii) sin cos 1 + tan 1

5
2

(i)
x 2
d

log e
1
dx
x
+

let = cos 1

d
log e x 2 log e ( x + 1)
dx
2
1
=
x x +1
2( x + 1) x
=
x( x + 1)
x+2
= 2
x +x

cos =

3
5

tan =

u = 3 x
du = dx
dx = du

2u 3
du
u2

2 3
=

du

4 u u2
3 4

= 2 ln u +
u 2

3
3

= 2 ln 4 + 2 ln 2 +
4
2

3
= 2 ln 2
4

sin ( + ) = sin cos + cos sin

4 2 3 1
=
+
5 5 5 5
11
=
5 5
=

2u 3 = 3 2 x
2

1
2

1
2

3 2x
dx

2
1 (3 x )

x = 1, u = 4

= tan 1

(ii)

limits :
x = 1, u = 2

3
5

11 5
25

(iv)
RS
2
RS = 2 sin

(a)

sin =

(b)

OS = 2 cos
Area A = 4 cos .2 sin
= 8 sin cos
A = 4 sin 2

(c)

max A is 4 when
sin 2 = 1
2 =

Question 5

(i)

(ii)

lim
h 0

sin h
2h

3 = lim

sin h

3 1 = 1 .
h
6 6
3

h 0

1
1
1 x
4 + x 2 dx = 2 tan 2 + c .

(b)

9+ x

(c)

x(e

x2

dx =

1
ln (9 + x 2 ) + c .
2

y=g(x)

+ 1 dx = xe x + x dx

1 x2 x 2
e +
+c
2
2

y=h(x)

(a)

(iii)

(b)

2 log 2 y = 4 + log 2 ( y + 5) )

log 2 y 2 log 2 ( y + 5) = 4
y2
= 4
log 2
y + 5
y2
= 16
y+5

(c)

2 solutions.
f ( x ) = x 2 + e 2 x 1

(d)

f ( x ) = 2 x 2e 2 x .
If

x1 = 0 9

then x 2 = 0 9

f (0 9)
f (0.9)

y 2 16 y 80 = 0

( y 20)( y + 4) = 0 .
y = 20 or y = 4 .
But log 2 y requires y > 0 ,
y = 20 is the only solution.
(iv)

(a)

g (0 5) = 1 e 1 0 632 (calc.).
h(0 5) = (0 5) = 0 25 .
2

g (0 5) > h(0 5) .

= 09

(0 9)2 + e 2(09 ) 1
2(0.9) 2e 2(09 )
= 0 917 to 3 sig.figs.

Question 6

(i)

(n 1)! + n ! = 14 (n > 1)
(n 2)!1! (n 2)!2!

(iii)

(a)

t = 0, N = 40 A = 40
t = 10, N = 110 110 = 40e10 k

110
40
1 11
k = ln = 0 101 (3d.p.)
10 4

10k = ln

(n 1)(n 2)! + n(n 1)(n 2)! = 14

(n 2)!
(n 2)!2
n 1 n(n 1)
+
= 14
1
2

(b)

2n 2 + n 2 n = 28

(c)

After 6 weeks, t = 6 7 = 42 days.

N = 40e 010142 = 2781 87.. 2782 .
N = 300

n 2 + n 30 = 0

300
0 101t = ln

40

(n 5)(n + 6) = 0
Solution n = 5

(ii)

(n > 1)

( )

R = 42 + 4 3

(a)

300 = 40e 0101t

t=

1
30
ln
0 101 4

= 19 949...

= 64 = 8

i.e. after approx. 20 days.

tan =

4 3

= 3 =
4
3

(c)

4 cos x + 4 3 sin x = 8 cos x

3

(b)
from part (a), 8 cos x = 7
3

i.e.
cos x =
3 8

for

x 2
3
3
3
x

x=

EITHER, when t = 10 , N = 110

Hence ,

dN
= kN = 0 101 110 = 11.11
dt
Virus spreading at a rate of 11
people per day after 10 days.
OR,

dN
= 0 101 40e 0101t .
dt
when t = 10 ,

= 0 50536.. (calc.)

0 50536..
3
= 0 542 or 1 55

dN
= 0 101 40e 010110
dt
= 11 0922..

(3s.f.)

Say 11 people/day

Question 7

(ii)
(i)

1
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,6

1
2
3
4
5
6

2
2,1
2,2
2,3
2,4
2,5
2,6

B
3
3,1
3,2
3,3
3,4
3,5
3,6

4
4,1
4,2
4,3
4,4
4,5
4,6

5
5,1
5,2
5,3
5,4
5,5
5,6

6
6,1
6,2
6,3
6,4
6,5
6,6

(b)
(continued)

3
sin

3
3 sin 0 sin 0
= sin
3
3
3

2
3

2
3

(a)

(b)

(c)

(ii)

(a)

15 5
.
=
36 12
18 18 9 3
+

= .
36 36 36 4

(a)
(b)

9 9 9 8 1 9 7 2
2 2 x + 2 x
0
1
2
Expansion =
9 9 9 8 1 9 7 2

2 2 x + 2 x +
1
2
0

(x + 2)

L.H.S. = cos x cos x sin 2 x

9
9
Coeff. of x = 2 9 2 2 8
0
1

= cos x(1 sin 2 x )

= 4096 .

= cos x cos 2 x
= cos 3 x

(c)

3
3
cos x dx
0

gives the coefficient of x 6

= cos x cos x sin 2 x dx

0
3

sin 3 x 3
= sin x

3 0

(continued)

9 4
9
2 ( x )5 + 2 3 ( x )6
5
6

(x + a )

= R.H.S.

(b)

3 3
.
8

6 1
= .
36 6
(iii)

9
9
= 2 4 + a 2 3 .
5
6
9
9
Hence 2 4 + a 2 3 = 0
5
6
when 126 16 + a 84 8 = 0
i.e. when a = 3 .

(e)

Question 8

(a)

log e x
x
x>0

(b)

x =1

Given y =

(c)

1
x log e x
x
y = 2
x
1 log e x
=
x2
stationary points put y = 0
1 log e x = 0

<e
__

3
2

log e x
dx = 2
x
1
k

(f)

(log e x) 2

=2
2

1
2
2
(log e k ) (log e 1) = 4
(log e k ) 2 = 4

log e k = 2
k = e 2 7 39, 0 135
(g)

log e ( x)
x
log e ( x)
=
x
= f ( x)

y=

1
(e, )
e
3
2

3
2

( e , e )
3
2

-1

3
log e x =
2
x=e

y = 0 when
2 log e x = 3

(e 2 , 32 e 2 )

x=e
1
y=
e
1
x 2 (1 log e x) 2 x
x
y =
x4
x 2 x + 2 x log e x
=
x4
3 + 2 log e x
=
x3
at x = e
3+ 2
y =
<0
e3
1
e, is a maximum turning point
e
(2 718, 0 368)
(d)

1
( e, )
e

3
2
3
2

e
0

>e
+

3
2

concavity changes
3

2 3
e , 3 is a point of inflection

2e 2

( 4 48, 0 335)

Question 9

(i)

(ii)

cos 2 x = 1 sin x

(a)

(a)
()

1 2 sin 2 x = 1 sin x
2 sin 2 x sin x = 0
sin x (2 sin x 1) = 0
1
sin x = 0 or sin x =
2
5
x = 0, , 2 , ,
6 6
(b)

5
10

1
10

Even (lose)
15

4
9
5
9

Prime (win)
Even (lose)

()

4 1 4
+
10 10 9
4
=
9

P ( wins) =

5
6

Prime (win)

4
10

(b)

cos 2 x + sin x 1

(c)

cos 2 x 1 sin x

5
6

or x = 0

or x 2

(c)

P(win after 3 selections)

1 1 4
=
10 10 10
= 0 004

P(win second game)

4 1 4 1 1 4
= + + + .................
10 10 10 10 10 10
2

4
41 41
=
+ + + ...........
10 10 10 10 10
(i.e. an infinite geometric series)
4
= 10
1
1
10
4
=
9

Same probability as the first game

Question 10

(ii)

2 x 2 + 5 xy + 50 y 2 = 80 000
dy
dy

4 x + 5 y + x + 100 y
=0
dx
dx

(i)

=
0

( I)

= 2

=
=
=
=

d
1

1 1
x x 4 x2
2 sin
dx
2
2

1
2
2
4 x + x 4 x 2 ( 2 x )
2

4 x2 2

2
4 x

4 x2
x2
+
2
2 4 x2

4 4 x2 + x2
2 4 x2

1
2

dx

1 1
2

1
3
= 2 sin 1
+ 2 3 2 sin 1 0 0 + 2 4
2 2

y 2 + 15 y 700 = 0
( y + 35)( y 20) = 0
y = 35 (reject) or y = 20

(a)

dx + ( 2 x ) 4 x 2
0
4 x2

50 y 2 + 750 y 35 000 = 0

Sub x = 150, y = 20 into (I)

dy
dy

600 + 5 20 + 150 + 2 000

=0
dx
dx

dy
700 + 2 750
=0
dx
dy 700 14

=
=
55
dx 2750

x2

1
1
= 2 sin 1 x x 4 x 2 + 2 4 x 2
2
2

When x = 150 ,
45 000 + 750 y + 50 y 2 = 80 000

(ii)

x 2 2x
dx
(b)
0 4 x2

3
+2 34
2

6
3 3
= +
4
3
2

(iii)

(a) (1 + x )
n n
n
= + x + x 2 +
0 1
2
n

n
+ x n
n

(b) Integrating both sided wrt x:

(1 + x )n+1
n +1
n
n x2 n x3
n x n +1
= x +
+ + +
+C
0
1 2 2 3
n n + 1
Let x = 0 C =

1
n +1

(1 + x )n+1 1

n +1
n

1 n
1 n
= x + x 2 + x 3 +
2 1
3 2
0

1 n n +1
x
n + 1 n

( 1)n+1 n

2x 2
2 4 x2

x2
4 x2

(c) Substitute x = 1 :
n 1 n 1 n
1
= + +
n +1
0 2 1 3 2

Divide by 1 :
n 1 n 1 n
+ +
0 2 1 3 2

n + 1 n

( 1)n n =
n + 1 n

1
n +1

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation.year@unsw.edu.au Web: www.ufs.unsw.edu.au
UNSW Foundation Studies is an education group of UNSW Global Pty Limited, a not-for-profit provider of education,
training and consulting services and a wholly owned enterprise of the University of New South Wales
ABN 62 086 418 582 CRICOS 00098G

UNSW Foundation Studies

UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation.year@unsw.edu.au Web: www.ufs.unsw.edu.au
UNSW Foundation Studies is an education group of UNSW Global Pty Limited, a not-for-profit provider of education,
training and consulting services and a wholly owned enterprise of the University of New South Wales
ABN 62 086 418 582 CRICOS 00098G