Islamic Law Terms adala /Adl justice amal juridical practice amm general, potentially widely applicable aqila

ila blood-related members of family asaba clan awamm laymen awl provision ibadat devotional duties, ritual law Ilm ( )positive knowledge urf repuatation Urf ( - )custom adillah aqliyyah rational proofs adillah naqliyyah transmitted proofs ahkam legal rules ajnabi of a different religion al-Akhira ( )the hereafter al-bain baynunatan kubra manifest divorce of greater separation Al-khayr al-am general good al-milkiyya bil-khilafa ownership by succession al-qawaid al-fiqhiyyah maxims of fiqh al-talaq al-bain baynunatan sughra clear divorce of the lesser separation al-talaq al-raji revocable divorce al-wasi executor (of a will) Amarah evidence or indication which only leads to a speculative ruling Amr ( )command ashab al-furud assured share (of inheritance) Baraa innocence bayt al-mal public treasury Bayyina objective evidence dawa religious propagation Dalalah meaning Dalil ( )proof, indication, evidence Darar ( )prejudice; legal cruelty Dharai medium, pretext dhawu al-arham cognate relatives Diya blood money paid for accidental homicide Dunya ( )world Farai duties fard kifaya firm societal obligation Fasiq sinful person Fitna factionalism

furu applied branches of fiqh futya legal consultation Ghazis holy warriors on the path of God Hadd defined punishments hadiyya present Hakam ( )arbitrator Hakim al-urf customary judge Hakim al-siyasa judge working on the basis of extra-sharia procedure hawashi collateral relatives Hiba property hidana dependence Hiyal (Al-hiyal al-shariya) an act which is in accordance with the letter of the law but not the spirit of the law, loophole hukm judicial decision Huquq al-ibad laws of man Huquq Allah laws of God iadat al-nazar judicial reconsideration ibaha freedom Ibahah mere permissibility ifta fatwa giving Ijab offer of marriage Ijtihad independent legal reasoning Ikhtiyar free will Ikrah forcing performance of an action inshai creative, performative irshad guidance activities istifta request for a fatwa Istihsan juristic preference Istinbat inference Istishab presumption of continuity Jaiz between recommended and objectionable, indifferent Karahah abomination khabari informational, communicative Khal deposed khass specific, applying only to specific case khilafa ijbariyya compulsory succession khilafa ikhtiyariyya optional succession Khuda deception Kifaa suitability, equality Laana ( )to curse Lian procedure of disowning wifes child madhhab school of legal thought Mafsada harm Mahdi messiah mahr bride-price (given from husband to wife) majlis fatwa giving session

Makarim al-akhlaq principles of good character Makruh objectionable Mandub recommended Manfaa benefit marad al-mawt death sickness Mashadd maska right of possession over a piece of land owned by a third party Maslaha human good Mastaqill independent proofs Mauqayyad dependent proofs Mazalim council of complaints Mazlum unjust situation Mihna inquisition mufti juri-consultant Mukallaf competent person who is in possession of his faculty of reasoning Mukr deceit muntasib ( )affiliated, non-independent murith testator Musahara relations of marriage ties mustafti individual questioner Mustaqilz) )independent Muta gift of consolation for divorced wives mutlaq ( ) absolute Naib delegate-representative of the Imam Naby prohibition Nadb recommendation nafaqa support Nasab kinship, lineage nihla gift Niya intent Qabul acceptance of ijab qadaiyya judicial Qadi ( ) judge Qanun regulations which restrict qadis qanun state law qanuniyya legal Qaraba relations of blood qarina kinsip Qati ( )definitive Qati al-thubut proven authenticity Qiyas ( )analogy Quru menstrual periods rashwa ( )bribes Riwayah transmission Sadd al-dharai closure of expediency Shahid witness sharai man qabland laws revealed prior to Islam

shurut formal conditions sidaq portion of bride price due at conclusion of contract Siyasa doctrine of Islamic public law which grants ruler right to take such administrative steps as are deemed to be in public interest, provided no infringement of principles of sharia. Siyasa shariyya administration of justice according to the spirit of Islamic law taakkud confirmation Taliq at-talaq suspended repudiation Tazir deterrence tafsir exegesis tafwid authorization wife right to divorce husband Tafwid at-talaq delegated repudiation Takhayyur process of selection Talaq repudiation Talfiq to make up a patchwork, to piece together Taqlid strict adherence to established doctrine; basic principles of the texts Taqwa ( )piety tarbiya upbringing Tasarruf possession tawarruth mutual inheritance Tawatur continuous testimony Udul compensation for withdrawal from betrothal usra family Wakil agent Wali amm general guardian of waqfs and people without natural guardians wasiyya bequest wilaya guardianship Wujub obligation Zanni speculative Zanni al-thubut authenticity is open to doubt Zina fornication Zulm oppression Sakan tranquility Mithaq ghalith solemn covenant (marriage) Al-azl coitus interruptus (withdrawl) Ifda vesico-vaginal fistula, tears in vagina and urethral wall leading to permanent incontinence resulting from intercourse at young age Ihsan loving care Al-aia allegiance, fealty istshhad death in Allahs cause wad burying baby girls jahiliyya ignorance, pre-Islam qiwama responsibility fitrah mans natural character yusr ease

usr hardship haraj hardship nuss categorical text kabirah cardinal sin khalqan aakhar another creature qadar presedtination rizq provision tawakkul reliance on allah aqwal sayings afal deeds taqreer tacit approval sahaba companions