J'

v2 v2
5. a. z = 30rz -3; z "" :to.471
Vf7
b. x = 4 or x = 4 x "" :t 1.031

1. An equation that can be written in the standard form

ail + bx + c = 0 is called a equation.
2. The notation is read plus or minus.
3. By extraction of roots, the solutions of x
2
k are the
real numbers for k > o.
4. To use extraction of roots to solve a quadratic equation,
we first write the left side of the equation as a perfect

1. Evaluate V36 by inspection.

2. Use a calculator or a spreadsheet to approximate v'39
to the nearest thousandth.
3. Use a calculator or a spreadsheet to approximate V3 to
the nearest thousandth. 5

Objective 1 Solve Quadratic Equations by Extraction of

Roots
In Exercises 1-12, solve each quadratic equation by using
extraction of roots to obtain exact solutions. Then
approximate any irrational solutions to the nearest
hundredth.
2
tQ;)m
2
4 2. m = 25
3. x
2
= 2
11
5.5i = 45 6. III 1,100
= 39 2v
2
= 38
9.2w
2
72 = 0 10. 1O.ic,2 - 90 0
11. lOz
2
50 = 0 12. 3z
2
- 21 0
8. "Lm"';forni'';'"
9. The annual interest rate is approximately 7.36%.
v';';3dt 1/;;';;".:2:2
5. If VX and vY are both real numbers, then the product
rule for square roots says v.xy = ____
6. If Vx and vY are both real numbers and y > 0, then
'x
the quotient rule for square roots says y=
7. The process of rewriting a radical expression so that
denominator does contain any radicals is called
____ the denominator.
35
4. Reduce 77 to lowest terms.
oX
5. Solve 1 + 2 = 9.
Objective 2 Use the Product Rule for Radicals to
Simplify Square Roots
In Exercises 13-18, simplify each expression using the
product rule for square roots.
@VI6-5
\v'20
@jV200 18. V75
In Exercises 19-24, solve each quadratic equation by using
extraction of roots to obtain exact solutions. Then
approximate any irrational solutions to the nearest
hundredth.
18
21.3i 81 22. 5i = 40
23. 7a
2
- 56 0 24. 3a
2
150 = 0

\IS
In Exercises 3
extraction of I
approximate a
hundredth.
33. 4v
2
= 81
35. 3&2 - 7
Objective 4 S
Rationalizing
In Exercises
rationalizing tfl
3
,V5
-- v'2

In Exercises 45
extraction of ro
approximate an
hundredth.
45. 20
47. IOw
2
- 14
Skill Developm
In Exercises 49
extraction of r,
49. (n 1)2 =
51. (2b + 3)2 =
53. Ox - 1)2
Comparison of
Equations
In Exercises 55
LinearEqu
55. a. 2x = 36
56. a. w 2
57. a. 2m 1
58. a. 2(y - 1)
Jduct
:hen
:hat the
he
'usmg
7.1
Objective 3 Use the Quotient Rule for Radicals to
Simplify Square Roots
In Exercises 25-32, simplify each expression using the
quotient rule for square roots.
(4 [E
27. f6

25. 'V"9 26. '-/ 16
'-/"49
l/ '-/64
.{;) \120 \Xij)V99
@VT8
GVW
.':/ \15 QVIT
V
V245
In Exercises 33-36, solve each quadratic equation by using
extraction of roots to obtain exact solutions. Then
approximate any irrational solutions to the nearest
hundredth.
33,4v
2
81 34. 25v
2
= 121
35.3&2 7 0 36. &lil 5 == 0
Objective 4 Simplify Expressions of the Form by
Rationalizing the Denominator b
In Exercises 37-44, simplify each expression by
rationalizing the denominator.
fi?:J 3 6 ..
40. 15
{jI'vs 38.
Vi V5
v'3
42. v'2
43.jt
44.f1t
In Exercises 45-48, solve each quadratic equation by using
extraction of roots to obtain exact solutions. Then
approximate any irrational solutions to the nearest
hundredth.
45. 8; 20 46. 15x
2
= 55
14 = 0 48. 70w
2
- 110 = 0
Skill Development
In Exercises 49-54, solve each quadratic equation by
e1'traction of roots.
49. (n \)2 = 36 50. (n + 2)2 64
51. (2b + 3)2 = 49 52. (2b 3)2 169
53. (3x - 1)2 + 7 = 32 54. (5x + 1)2 - 2 79
Comparison of Linear Equations and Quadratic.
Equations
In Exercises 55-58, solve eaeh equation.
Linear Equation Equation
2
h. x 36
56. R. w - 2 25 b. (w 2)2 = 25
57. R. 2m I 9 b. (2m - 1)2 = 9
58. a. 2(y - 1) - 3 == 1 b. (y - 1)2 3 = I
Extraction of Roots and Properties of Square Roots (7-11) 551
Review and Concept Development
59. Use the graph of y == (2x - 1)2 - 1 to:
a. Solve (2x - 1)2 1 = O.
b. Solve (2x - 1)2 1<0.
c. Solve (2x - 1)2 - 1 > O.
y
60. Use the graph of y (x - 2)2 3 to:
a. Solve (x 2)2 - 3 O.
b. Solve (x 2)2 - 3 < O.
c. Solve (x - 2)2 - 3 > O.
2
61. a. Determine the exact solutions of x - 6 O.
b. Determine the exact z,eros of x
2
6.
c. Determine the exact x-intercepts of the parabola
whose equation is y == il 6.
62. a. Determine the exact solutions of (2x 1)2 - 5 O.
b. Determine the exact zeros of (2x - 1)2 - 5.
c. Determine the exact x-intercepts of the parabola
whose equation is y (2x - 1)2 - 5.
63. Construct a quadratic equation in x that has the given
solutions.
a. -7 and 7 b. -0and 0
64. Construct a quadratic equation in x that has the given
solutions.
a. -11 and 11 b. -VIT and v'fI
Connecting Algebra to Geometry
In Exercises 65 and 66, use the
given lengths of legs a and band c .
. 2 b .
the equatlOn a- + - = c to
approximate the length of the .........-.,.....--------...
hypotenuse c to the nearest tenth
of a centimeter.
65. a 29.5 cm, b == 35.7 cm
66. a 43.6 cm, b = 57.3 em