Guidelines For Bus System

Guidelines for xed automatic re suppression systems on buses and coaches
SBF 128:1 May 2005
Svenska Brandskyddsfreningen
SBF 128:1
Contents 0 1. 2. Foreword ............................................................... 4 General .................................................................. 5 Requirement on fire suppression system ........... 6 2.1 General .......................................................... 6 2.2 Level of protection ....................................... 6 2.3 Detection and alarm systems ...................... 2.3.1 Detector ............................................. 2.3.2 Alarm devices ..................................... 2.3.3 Fire suppression system electrical system ................................ 6 6 7 7
2.4 Type of fire suppression system .................. 7 2.4.1 Fire suppression system , liquid ........ 2.4.1.1 Type of agent ...................................... 2.4.1.2 Calculating the amount of agent ....... 2.4.1.3 Discharge time................... ................ 2.4.1.4 Agent tank ......................... ................ 2.4.1.5 Distribution system ........... ................ 2.4.1.6 Nozzles .............................. ................ 2.4.1.7 Releasing device ............... ................ 2.4.2 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9
Fire suppression system , dry chemical ...................... ................ 10 2.4.2.1 Type of agent....................................... 10 2.4.2.2 Calculating the amount of agent ....... 10 2.4.2.3 Discharge time................... ................ 10 2.4.2.4 Agent tank ......................... ................ 11 2.4.2.5 Distribution system ........... ................ 11 2.4.2.6 Nozzles ............................... ................ 11 2.4.2.7 Releasing device ............... ................ 11
Maj 2005
Brandskyddsfreningens Service AB
SBF 128:1
2.4.3
Fire suppression system , liquid high pressure systems.............. 12 2.4.3.1 Type of agent....................................... 12 2.4.3.2 Calculating the amount of agent ........ 12 2.4.3.3 Discharge time................... ................ 13 2.4.3.4 Agent tank .......................... ................ 13 2.4.3.5 Distribution system ........... ................ 13 2.4.3.6 Nozzles .............................. ................ 14 2.4.3.7 Releasing device ............... ................ 14 2.4.4 Extinguishing system Aerosol ........ 14 2.4.4.1 Type of agent...................... ................ 14 2.4.4.2 Calculating the amount of agent ........ 15 2.4.4.3 Discharge time................... ................ 15 2.4.4.5 Agent tank .......................... ................ 15 2.4.4.6 Nozzles ............................... ................ 15 2.4.4.7 Releasing device ................ ................ 15 2.5 Manuals for installation and assembly ...... 16 2.5.1 Drawings and manuals for installation........................................ 16 2.5.2 Length of pipes and hoses ..................... 16 3. Care and maintenance ......................................... 17 3.1 General ............................................................ 17 3.2 Verification of system -authorisation ........... 17 3.3 Care and maintenance.................................... 17 Glossary.................................................................. 18 Appendix 1 Test norms & standards .................. 19 Appendix 2 Full scale test -Bus............................ 20
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
FOREWORD Swedish Fire Protection Association (SBF) is an ideal organization whose vision is that no damage caused by fire should occur because of peoples behaviour or technical reason. SBF publishes regulations and norms regarding different fire protection devices and of these devices affected persons, both physical and juridical. In these, properties of importance to functionality and reliability are given. The purpose of these regulations and norms is to establish levels of quality and safety to be generally applicably for concerned parties. As far as possible these regulations are based on standards or other applicable documents. The regulations are therefore presented as supplements to these standards or documents. It is always presented to which standard or document any regulation is related to and includes references to the same. Exceptions to these guidelines can be granted by the concerned specifier. In the translation of these guidelines there are references made to national standards.
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
GENERAL
According to the Swedish law on road traffic definitions (SFS 2001:559) a bus is defined in the following way: "A car equipped for the transportation of more than eight persons excluding the driver, even if the car also is equipped for other purposes." SBF 128 states that every bus with a total weight of 10 tons or above that is registered after the 31st of December 2003, shall be equipped with a fixed automatic fire suppression system. These rules and regulations stipulate the minimum demands for the extinguishing system and for the companies that supplies and installs these.
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
REQUIREMENT ON FIRE SYSTEM
2.1
General A fixed automatic fire suppression system is defined as an extinguishing system that upon fire gives an alarm and releases the agent. The main purpose of the fire suppression system is to, when a fire occurs, detect, warn the surroundings and extinguish the fire in the protected area(s) of the bus. The construction of the fire suppression system should be clearly specified and approved by Swedish Fire Protection Association after a performed full scale test according to appendix 2. Design and installation should be performed in cooperation with the authorised system manufacturer/supplier who shall provide the necessary documents to certify the fire suppression systems compliance with these regulations.
2.2
Level of protection The fire suppression system shall protect the engine compartment of the combustion engine.
2.3. 2.3.1
Detection and alarm systems Detector The protected area shall be equipped with the appropriate number of detectors or sufficient length of detector cable/tube in order to achieve fast detection of the fire. When placing the detectors and choosing their temperature, the risk of false alarms due to radiated heat from nearby objects must be taken into account.
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
A high degree of serviceability should be strived for. Detectors, detector connections and cable junctions shall be waterproof at least according to SS-IEC 529, IP 65 and vibration proof according to SS-IEC68-2-36. The detectors shall automatically reset. Detector cable/tube should be equipped with appropriate steel sheeting. Detectors and detector cable/tube shall be clearly and permanently marked. 2.3.2 Alarm devices The fire suppression system shall be equipped with one or more optical alarm devices with flashing light. The alarm devices shall be placed so that the driver can observe them during driving. The fire suppression system shall also be provided with acoustical alarm devices with intermittent signal. The signal should be clearly heard in the drivers seat and in the vicinity thereof. 2.3.3 Fire suppression systems , electrical system Electrical cables that connects crucial parts of the extinguishing system shall be protected against mechanical damage and be suitable for the expected temperature and environment. 2.4 2.4.1 Type of fire suppression system Fire suppression system , liquid Any component exposed to internal pressure, for example agent tank, cartridges, pipe system and hoses must comply with, and be handled in accordance with, local law and regulations. 2.4.1.1 Type of agent
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
In general the agent shall be approved by SBF. In order for an agent to be approved, a successful full-scale test complying with appendix 2 is necessary. Refilling must be done with same type of agent that the system is approved with. 2.4.1.2 Calculating the amount of agent The amount of agent shall be calculated according to the design criteria of the actual agent with respect to flow rate, spraying pattern and coverage for the used nozzles, agent tanks and piping system. The agent shall be evenly distributed over the protected surface. The volume of the protected areas must be calculated as a gross volume. No deduction for engine volume etc. is allowed. The amount of agent shall however never be less than 3 liters/m3 protected volume. 2.4.1.3 Discharge time The system shall release 85% of its contents within the stipulated discharge time, normally 20 seconds. This shall also be applicable at 30C. If the system contains more than the minimum amount of agent, the discharge time can be prolonged correspondingly. 2.4.1.4 Agent tank If the agent tank is equipped with a siphon tube, this should be flexible. The valve and pipe system shall be dimensioned in order to uphold the stipulated flow rate and pressure. Pressurised tanks should be equipped with an easily accessible pressure gauge. The agent tank shall be easily accessible and normally mounted in a upright position, firmly clamped and protected against mechanical damage and heat above 65C or according to filling specifications.
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
If the agent tank is mounted at an angle, the valves shall be orientated in opposite directions. Minimum angle is 15 off the horizontal plane and only applies to tanks equipped with siphon tube. 2.4.1.5 Distribution system The distribution system for liquid agent shall be of steel or steel reinforced hose at least complying with SAE J 517. The design of the distribution system must be done in accordance with the manufacturers specifications in order to obtain the necessary flow rate and pressure needed to achieve the correct spraying pattern. Hoses shall be red or permanently coloured red at least 1 dm from each coupling. Steel pipe shall be permanently marked so there is no risk of mix-up with other installations. Hoses/pipes shall be located so that they are not dislocated during normal operation and service of the vehicle. Hoses/pipes shall be equipped with a blow-down valve, located close to the agent tank and before the first nozzle. 2.4.1.6 Nozzles Nozzles for fire suppression liquid shall be tested with respect to spray pattern, length of throw and flow. The nozzle shall be unmistakable and permanently marked with type and flow. The nozzle shall be equipped with a filter and a protective cap to prevent it from clogging up with particles of dirt. The filter is to be located before the nozzle. The fire suppression system must have enough number of nozzles in order to cover all areas where a fire can occur. The maximum number of nozzles for the fire suppression system is calculated according to the manufacturers instructions, thus securing proper flow and pressure in order to achieve the projected spray pattern.
Maj 2005
SBF 128:1
2.4.1.7
Releasing device Release of the agent should be automatic.
2.4.2
Fire suppression system , dry chemical Any component exposed to internal pressure, for example agent tank, cartridges, pipe system and hoses must comply with, and be handled in accordance with, local law and regulations.
2.4.2.1
Type of agent In general the agent shall be approved by SBF. In order for an agent to be approved, a successful full-scale test complying with appendix 2 is necessary. Approved agents are ABC dry chemicals of the specified type. Refilling must be done with same type of agent that the system is approved with.
2.4.2.2
Calculating the amount of agent The volume of the protected areas must be calculated as a gross volume. No deduction for engine volume etc. is allowed. The amount of ABC dry chemical shall however never be less than 5 kg/m3 protected volume.
2.4.2.3
Discharge time The system shall release 95% of its contents within 20 seconds. This shall also be applicable at 30C.
2.4.2.4
Agent tank The dry chemical can be stored in one or more agent tanks. The agent tank shall be easily accessible and normally mounted in a upright position, firmly clamped and protected against mechanical damage and heat above 65C or according to filling specifications.
Maj 2005
10
SBF 128:1
The agent tank is not allowed to have a siphon tube. The design of the tank shall ensure that the dry chemical is agitated upon release. Full working pressure shall be obtained before the distribution systems opens. The outlet of the tank must be at least 200 mm2, and be equipped with a seal or a membrane in order to prevent moisture from entering. The agent tank shall be permanently marked with the type and amount of agent and handling and maintenance instructions. Handling and maintenance instructions can be displayed on a separate sign mounted by the agent tank. Spare tanks are not required. 2.4.2.5 Distribution system Hoses and pipe exposed to internal pressure must comply with, and be handled in accordance with, local law and regulations. Hoses/pipes shall be located so that they are not dislocated or damaged during normal operation and service of the vehicle. The distribution system for dry chemical agent shall be of steel or steel reinforced hose at least complying with SAE J 517. Hoses shall be red or permanently coloured red at least 1 dm from each coupling. Steel pipe shall be permanently marked so there is no risk of mix-up with other installations. The design of the distribution system must be done so that a flow rate of at least 150 grams/second is achieved at the nozzle farthest away from the agent tank. Pipe and hose length shall be specified in the installation drawings. 2.4.2.6 Nozzles Nozzles shall be tested with respect to spray pattern, length of throw and flow. The nozzle shall be unmistakable and permanently marked.
Maj 2005
11
SBF 128:1
The suppression system must have enough number of nozzles in order to cover all areas where a fire can occur. The flow direction of the nozzle shall be permanently marked on the vehicle. The nozzles shall be orientated as to not spread any fires outside the protected area. 2.4.2.7 Releasing device Release of the agent should be automatic.
2.4.3
Fire suppression system , liquid high pressure systems A liquid high pressure system is a system where the agent mainly is water and where the agent cylinder is charged with a fill pressure of 100 bars or more. Any component exposed to internal pressure, for example agent tank, cartridges, pipe system and hoses must comply with, and be handled in accordance with, local law and regulations.
2.4.3.1
Type of agent In general the agent shall be approved by SBF. In order for an agent to be approved, a successful full-scale test complying with appendix 2 is necessary. Refilling must be done with same type of agent that the system is approved with.
2.4.3.2
Calculating the amount of agent The amount of agent shall be calculated according to the design criteria of the actual agent with respect to flow rate, spraying pattern and coverage for the used nozzles, agent tanks and piping system.The agent shall be evenly distributed over the protected surface.
Maj 2005
12
SBF 128:1
The volume of the protected areas must be calculated as a gross volume. No deduction for engine volume etc. is allowed. The amount of agent shall however never be less than 3 liters/m3 protected volume. 2.4.3.3 Discharge time The system shall release 85% of its contents within the stipulated discharge time, normally 40 seconds. This shall also be applicable at 30C. 2.4.3.4 Agent tank If the agent tank is equipped with a siphon tube, this should be flexible. The valve and pipe system shall be dimensioned in order to uphold the stipulated flow rate and pressure. Pressurised tanks should be equipped with an easily accessible pressure gauge. The agent tank shall be easily accessible and normally mounted in a upright position, firmly clamped and protected against mechanical damage and heat above 65C or according to filling specifications. If the agent tank is mounted at an angle, the valves shall be orientated in opposite directions. Minimum angle is 15 off the horizontal plane and only applies to tanks equipped with siphon tube. 2.4.3.5 Distribution system The distribution system for liquid agent shall be of steel or steel reinforced hose at least complying with SAE J 517 . The design of the distribution system must be done in accordance with the manufacturers specifications in order to obtain the necessary flowrate and pressure needed to achieve the correct spraying pattern.
Maj 2005
13
SBF 128:1
Hoses shall be red or permanently coloured red at least 1 dm from each coupling. Steel pipe shall be permanently marked so there is no risk of mix-up with other installations. Hoses/pipes shall be located so that they are not dislocated during normal operation and service of the vehicle. Hoses/pipes shall be equipped with a blow-down valve, located close to the agent tank and before the first nozzle. 2.4.3.6 Nozzles Nozzles for fire suppression liquid shall be tested with respect to spray pattern, length of throw and flow. The nozzle shall be equipped with a filter and a protective cap to prevent it from clogging up with particles of dirt. The filter is to be located before the nozzle. The system must have enough number of nozzles in order for the agent, fluid, mist or steam, to cover all areas where a fire can occur. The maximum number of nozzles for the system is calculated according to the manufacturer instructions, thus securing proper flow and pressure in order to achieve the projected spray pattern. 2.4.3.7 Releasing device Release of the agent should be automatic.. 2.4.4 Extinguishing system -Aerosol Aerosol is generated from a solid compound that is stored unpressurized in the agent tank. No hose or pipe is necessary in order to distribute the agent as the nozzle is integrated into the agent tank. 2.4.4.1 Type of agent In general the agent shall be approved by SBF. In order for an agent to be approved, a successful full scale test complying with appendix 2 is necessary.
Maj 2005
14
SBF 128:1
Refilling or replacement must be done with same type of agent that the system is approved with. 2.4.4.2 Calculating the amount of agent The volume of the protected areas must be calculated as a gross volume. No deduction for engine volume etc. is allowed. The system should be designed to achieve the minimum concentration according to the system approval as per 2.4.4.1. 2.4.4.3 Discharge time The discharge time should be according to the approval as per 2.4.4.1 even at 30 C. 2.4.4.4 Agent tank The location of the agent tank and its discharge path should be according to the manufacturers specifications. The agent tank shall be easily accessible and can be mounted both horizontally and vertically. The agent tank should be firmly clamped and protected against mechanical damage. 2.4.4.5 Distribution system Any distribution system (pipe or hose) should be installed according to the manufacturers specifications. 2.4.4.6 Nozzles Any nozzles should be installed according to the manufacturers specifications. 2.4.4.7 Releasing device Release of the extinguishing system should be automatic.
Maj 2005
15
SBF 128:1
2.5 2.5.1
Manuals for installation and assembly Drawings and manuals for installation The manufacturer in co-operation with the system manufacturer shall produce drawings and manuals for installation and assembly. Drawing and manuals shall include location of the agent tank, releasing devices, nozzles, detectors, alarm devices, routing of distribution system and detector cable and an electrical schematic.
2.5.2.
Length of pipes and hoses The length of pipes and hoses shall be specified in the installation instructions. The angles and flow direction of the nozzles shall be specified in the installation drawings and the instructions.
Maj 2005
16
SBF 128:1
CARE AND MAINTENANCE
3.1
General The functionality and efficiency of the fire suppression system is to be upheld constantly and any fault is to be repaired without delay. Permanent or temporary actions that can compromise the functionality of the fire suppression systems are forbidden. Care and maintenance instructions from the authorised manufacturer/supplier are to be followed and the instructions are to be kept with the instruction manual of the vehicle. Daily, weekly and periodical inspection of the fire suppression system is to be performed according to the instructions. The driver of the bus shall be well trained on the fire suppression system and well aquatinted with its operation.
3.2
Verification of system -authorisation Verification of the system is to be performed at least once a year according to the instructions from the authorised manufacturer/supplier or the insurance companies, resulting in a test protocol. The verification is to be performed by the authorised manufacturer/supplier or person approved by the authorised manufacturer/supplier or other competent person approved by the insurance company. The owner of the bus shall be able to present the test protocol upon request.
3.3
Care and maintenance The fire suppression system and any associated equipment as well as the bus is to be maintained so that the efficiency of the system as well as the general fire safety in accordance with chapter 2 is upheld.
Maj 2005
17
SBF 128:1
GLOSSARY This section explains words in this publication, which are not defined or explained elsewhere. Detector, detector wire/tube a heat sensitive detector or similar device that responds to excessive rise of temperature in the protected area. Alarm device a device that generates acoustical and optical signals in case of a fire. Agent tank pressurised or non-pressurised containers for the fire suppression agent.
Distribution system a pipe system that distributes the agent to the nozzles.
Maj 2005
18
SBF 128:1
TEST NORMS & STANDARDS
Appendix 1
Detector, detector wire/tube The detector, detector connections and cable splices shall be tested as a unit according to SS/IEC-529, IP 65 and SS/IEC 682-36. They shall also comply with the EU vehicle directive 95/54/EG with respect to EMC. Supply lines and hoses In accordance with SAE J 517 of February 1998 (can be ordered from SIS). Control Unit The control unit shall be tested as part of a complete system, i.e. with as many of the necessary devices connected as possible. The test shall be conducted according to the following functional and environmental SS/IEC-standards. Low temperature High temperature Temperature change Moisture Vibration Electrical specification SS/IEC-68-2-1 SS/IEC-68-2-2 SS/IEC-68-2-14 SS/IEC-68-2-30 SS/IEC-68-2-36 Test voltage Operating voltage 28 V 20-30 V - 40 C + 85 C - 40 C, + 85 C + 20 C, + 55 C
Maj 2005
19
SBF 128:1
Full scale test -buses
Appendix 2
1.
Technical requirements The full-scale test is to be performed on a bus approved by the SBF Vehicle norm group. The bus is to be equipped with turbo charger and engine. The engine shall be operational. The engine compartment shall be complete with hatches/hoods and have volume of no less than 2.0 m3. The bus shall be equipped with a manual engine shut down device. The full-scale test can be performed regardless of weather conditions.
2. 2.1
Included material/fluids Saw dust/shredded wood 3 litres of dry saw dust/shredded wood equally drenched in 50% of diesel oil, 25 % of hydraulic oil and 25% raw industrial oil. This results in 3 kilos of wetted material. The mixture shall be prepared 24 hours before the start of the test. 2.2 Cotton pulp 200 grams of entwined cotton pulp drenched with lighter fluid. The cotton pulp shall be allowed to absorb the fluid for at least five minutes. 2.3 Fluid 1,5 litres containing of 60% diesel oil, 20% hydraulic oil and 20% of lighter fluid pressurised at 1,4 MPA Preparing the bus The preparation of the bus shall be done by a person from the SBF Vehicle norm group or by him appointed person.
3.
Maj 2005
20
SBF 128:1
First the engine compartment is prepared with sawdust/shredded wood (2.1). Secondly the fluid (2.3) is sprayed over the engine. Thirdly the cotton pulp (2.2) is placed in the engine compartment. 4. Performing the full scale test The engine is started and left to idle for 15 minutes. After this the engine is run on 1700-1800 rpm for 5 minutes. The engine is put on fire by lightening the Cotton Pulp on both sides and is left to burn for 20 seconds. After 20 seconds the system is released. The agent tank is to be weighted before and after each test. A test protocol is to be filled out at each test.
Maj 2005
21
Brandskyddsfreningens Service AB Tel 08-588 474 00 Fax 08-662 35 07 www.svbf.se Bestllningsnummer 41280

Guidelines For Bus System

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Guidelines For Bus System

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Guidelines for xed automatic re suppression systems on buses and coaches

SBF 128:1 May 2005

REQUIREMENT ON FIRE SYSTEM

Releasing device Release of the agent should be automatic.

CARE AND MAINTENANCE

TEST NORMS & STANDARDS

Full scale test -buses

Вам также может понравиться