WELD IMPERFECTIONS EXAMINATION

TEST CODE/PAGE BS EN 25817 : 1992 Arc-welded joints in steel DEFECT Crack Porosity and gas pores DEFECT CRITERIA all types of cracks except micro cracks (h.l 1mm) including Crater crack. a) Max. dimension of the sum of crack area b) Max. dimension of a single pore: i) butt welds ii) fillet welds c) Max. dimension for a single pore a) Max. dimension of the sum of porosity area . b) Max. dimension of a single pore : i) butt welds ii) fillet welds c) Max. dimension for a cluster porosity. a) Long imperfections for both butt and fillet welds b) Short imperfections for : i) butt welds ii) fillet welds c) Max. dimension for wormholes a) Long imperfections for both butt and fillet welds b) Short imperfections for i) butt welds ii) fillet welds c) Max. dimension for solid inclusions All dimension of Copper inclusions. All dimension of lack of fusion or incomplete fusion. STRINGENT Not Permitted 1% d 0.3s 0.3a 3mm 4% d 0.3s 0.3a 2mm Not permitted h 0.4 s 0.4a 3mm or NLTT Not permitted h 0.3 s 0.3a 2mm or NLTT Not Permitted Not Permitted

Table 1: Guidance on quality levels for imperfections

Cluster porosity

Page 5 & Page 6 Wormholes

Solid inclusion ( other than copper)

Copper inclusions Lack of fusion

TEST CODE/PAGE

DEFECT Lack of penetration All dimension of lack of penetration or incomplete penetration.

DEFECT CRITERIA

STRINGENT Not Permitted

Page 7, Page 8 & Page 9

Bad fit-up (fillet)

An excessive or insufficient gap between the parts to be joined. *Gaps exceeding the limit may in certain cases be compensated by increase the throat. Smooth transition is required

h 0.5mm + 0.1a max. 2mm

Undercut

h 0.5mm

Excess weld metal

Smooth transition is required

h 1mm + 0.1b max 5mm

Excessive convexity

All dimension of Excessive convexity.

h 1mm + 0.1b max 3mm

Fillet throat (big)

Fillet weld having a throat thickness greater than the nominal value. *Throat thickness greater than the nominal one may not be a reasonfor rejection.

h 1mm + 0.15a max. 3mm

TEST CODE/PAGE

DEFECT Fillet throat (small)

Page 10 & Page 11

DEFECT CRITERIA Fillet weld having a throat thickness smaller than the nominal value. *If the depth of penetration complies with the nominal value, it is not considered as imperfections.

STRINGENT Not permitted

Excessive penetration

All dimension of Excessive penetration.

h 1mm + 0.3b max. 3mm

Local protrusion

All dimension of Local protrusion.

Occasional local excess permitted Long defect not permitted

Incompletely filled groove

Smooth transition required.

Linear misalignment Sagging

The limit relate to deviations from the correct position is when the centrelines coincide. Smooth transition required.

h 1t max. 3mm h 0.05t max. 0.5mm

Excessive asymmetry fillet weld

It is assumed that an asymmetric fillet weld has not been expressly prescribed.

h 1.5mm + 0.15a

Root concavity / Shrinkage groove

Smooth transition required.

h 0.5mm

TEST CODE/PAGE

DEFECT Overlap Poor Restart

DEFECT CRITERIA All dimension of Overlap. All dimension of Poor Restart. All dimension of Spatter

STRINGENT Not permitted Not permitted Depends on applications 0.15s or 0.15a, max. 10mm

Page 11 & Page 12 Spatter

Multiple Imperfections in any cross-section

For thickness s 10mm or a 10mm or less, special consideration may be necessary.

Stray flash or arc strike

All dimension of Stray flash or Arc strike. *acceptance may be influenced by post treatment. acceptance depends on type of BM, with reference to crack sensitivity.

Prepared by Name Designation Date

: __________________ : Mohd Akmal B. Shafie : Material Engineer : 28th May 2012

Approved by :_________________ Name : Zaidi B. Ali Designation : Operation Manager Date : 28th May 2012