Team Homework of Oct 22, due Oct 26,2007

J.K.Rowling has invented the Hogwarts Express trains, all of which travel along an extremely long stretch of track. Every position on the track is marked by its distance from a reference point. The train starts in position 1, which is one mile beyond the reference point at Kings Cross. If you look out the window 19.7 miles from the start (i.e., 20.7 miles from the reference point), a marker reads position 20.7. Further, the speed of the trains are tied to their positions along this track, in a way we will describe. 1. The Basic Hogwarts Express (BHE) starts at position 1 and goes 1 mile per hour (mph) for an hour. The conductor then looks out the window and adjusts the speed (in mph) to the trains position (in miles), namely to 2 mph. The train travels at 2mph for an hour, then again the conductor adjusts the speed to equal the position number. a) Make a table showing the trains position s(t) after t = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hours: b) Graph the BHEs position for the interval [0, 3]. c) What is its position after 12 hours?

2. Next we have the Hogwarts Double Express (HDE). It travels along the same route but it updates its rate every half hour instead of every hour. That is, it goes 1 mph for half an hour, then goes 1.5 mph for half an hour, and so on. a) Make another table as above, showing the HDEs position after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hours. Be sure to explain your calculations. b) Graph position of the HDE as a function of time for the interval [0, 3]. c) By now we might be tired of these calculations. Hermione, who always is thinking ahead, has gured out that after k half hours, the HDE should 1 be at position (1 + 2 )k . Check your answer in part a) against this formula. d) What is the HDEs position after 12 hours?

3. You can probably guess how the Hogwarts Triple Express runs: every 20 minutes (i.e., every 1 hour), it changes its speed according to its position. 3 Check that after t hours the position would be (1 + 1 )3t , which is the same as 3 1 ((1 + 3 )3 )t . And the Hogwarts Quadruple Express adjusts its position every 15 minutes, so that its position after t hours is ((1 + 1 )4 )t . 4 a) Using your calculator, sketch the graphs of the three functions ((1 + 1 )2 )t ,((1 + 1 )3 )t ,((1 + 1 )4 )t on the same axes. (Suggestion: use [0,3] 2 3 4 for the independent variables window, and [0,15] for the range.) b) How do these graphs dier from the graphs you made in parts 1. and 2.? How do the three graphs compare to one another? Predict what the graphs would look like if you replaced the 2, 3 or 4 by 5, or by 6 or by 7, to get the Hogwarts N -tuple Express (HNE), for N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ... c) These functions are all exponential, of the form at for certain choices of the base a. As the multiple N increases, this base number approaches a limit. By using larger and larger values (corresponding to larger and larger N ), estimate this limit to within 2 decimal places. Does this number look familiar to you?

4. Finally, we have the Hogwarts Harry Potter Express (HHPE). It starts in position 1 and adjusts its speed continuously, so that at every instant its speed (in miles per hour) matches its position (in miles). What function would describe the trains position at time t? What would be the relationship between this function and its derivative?