SOLID-LIQUID EXTRACTION UNIT

Instruction Manual

Mass International 93, Preet Nagar, Jagadhari Road, Ambala Cantt 133001 Tele Fax: 0171-2654528, 2699824, Email: mass_international99@yahoo.co.in

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SOLID-LIQUID EXTRACTION UNIT Aim: To study the effect of various parameters like solvent temperature, solvent rate & particle size on the % of recovery of oil from seeds. Introduction: Leaching is a method of extracting a desired chemical that is dispersed

dissolved in a solid the solids ground up into small pieces and washed with a solvent in which the desired chemical is soluble. Some times the solid and solvent from a slurry that can be conveyed. In any event the desired chemical is transferred from the solid to the liquid phase, the resultant liquid, which is rich in the desired chemical, is filtered, to remove fine suspended grains of the solid. The liquid can then be distilled or otherwise purified. Leaching is common industrial process but it also occurs in natural systems, such as in the motion of water through soil. In this case the solid phase is soil particles and the leaching solvent is water, presumably rainwater that percolates through the soil, some chemicals attached to the soil particles are water-soluble. These chemicals are transferred to the water as it flows through the soil. This process is sometimes called sito leaching because it occurs with the solid phase fixed in place. This laboratory experiment uses simple equipment to explore a leaching operation that is familiar to all of us, the extraction of oil from oil seeds using hexane as the leaching solvent. Discussion: Oil seeds contain edible in it. When oil seeds are mixed with hexane oil is The rate of mass transferred and there fore the

transferred from the solid oil seeds.

concentration of the oil in the hexane phase is strongly affected by several variables. We will examine quantitatively a few of variables we will examine that affect the leaching process. Oil seed is fed to column in the form of a packed bed. Hot or cold hexane flow ups the packed bed extracting the oil that is present in the seeds. The concentration of the oil probably depends on many variables like the amount of oil seed in the column, the volume of hexane used, temperature of hexane, the coarseness of the solid oil seed etc.
Mass International 93, Preet Nagar, Jagadhari Road, Ambala Cantt 133001 Tele Fax: 0171-2654528, 2699824, Email: mass_international99@yahoo.co.in

Procedure: Fill the hopper with known weights of air dried oil seeds (Wo gms) then initial amount of oil present in the oil dried seeds must be known (xo) gms of oil/gm of seed. Fill the solvent feed tank with hexane select a suitable operating temperature (25-45oC) and heat the hexane to this temperature. Allow the hot hexane to enter the column slowly and return the solvent to the feed tank. We shall be operating the process in a closed cycle. Note the flow rate of hexane and run the experiment for some time. Stop the solvent supply and remove the wet seeds from the bin and dry the material first in open air then in an oven till constant weigh is attained. Find out the percentage recovery. Weight of the dry seeds Oil extracted % Recovery = = : w gm Oc = (w-wo) gm = .. [wo x o/ (wo-w)] * 100

The experiment can be repeated for different solvent temperature, different oil seed sized and different solvent rates. Result: The percentage recovery of oil determined as

SAMPLE OBSERVATIONS: Initial weight of dry seeds Oil in feed Weight of oil collected = = = 2000 gms 8% 2000 x 8/100 = = 1892 gms = 108 gms 2000-1892 160 gms

Initial amount of oil in seeds = Weight of dry seeds after leaching

Mass International 93, Preet Nagar, Jagadhari Road, Ambala Cantt 133001 Tele Fax: 0171-2654528, 2699824, Email: mass_international99@yahoo.co.in

% of oil recovery from seeds =

108/160 x 100 =

67.5%

APPARATUS: Chemical Uses

Bonnotto type extractor with accessories. : : Hexane, Oil Cake To recover oil from seeds and cakes.

Mass International 93, Preet Nagar, Jagadhari Road, Ambala Cantt 133001 Tele Fax: 0171-2654528, 2699824, Email: mass_international99@yahoo.co.in