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Natural numbers
The counting numbers 1, 2, 3 are called natural numbers. The set of natural
numbers is denoted by N.
N = {1, 2, 3, }
Whole numbers
If we include zero to the set of natural numbers, then we get the set of whole numbers.
The set of whole numbers is denoted by W.
W = {0, 1, 2, }
Integers
The collection of numbers 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3 is called integers. This
collection is denoted by Z, or I.
Z = {, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, }
Rational numbers
Rational numbers are those which can be expressed in the form
p
q
, where p, q are
integers and q = 0.
Example:
1 3 6
, , ,
2 4 9
etc.
Note:
1.
12 12 3 4
15 15 3 5
= =
=
(d) ( )
p
p p
ab a b = , where a > 0 is a real number and p, q are rational numbers.
Note:
1
x
x
a a =