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The Writer's Journey: Mythic Structure For Writers is a popular screenwriting textbook by writer Christopher Vogler, focusing on the theory that most stories can be boiled down to a series of narrative structures and character archetypes, described through mythological allegory.[2] Vogler based this work upon the writings of mythologist Joseph Campbell, particularly The Hero with a Thousand Faces, and holds that all successful films innately adhere to its principles. The book was very well received upon its release, and is often featured in recommended reading lists for student screenwriters.[3][4][5]
Archetypes
According to Vogler's analysis, the Journey is populated by archetypesbasic functions that tend to appear in every story. They are recurring patterns of human behavior, symbolized by standard types of characters in movies and stories. 1. HEROES Central figures in stories. Everyone is the hero of his or her own myth. 2. SHADOWS Villains, antagonist or enemies, perhaps the enemy within. The dark side of the Force, the repressed possibilities of the hero, his or her potential for evil. Can be other kinds of repression, such as repressed grief, anger, frustration or creativity that is dangerous if it does not have an outlet. 3. MENTORS The heros guide or guiding principles, for example Yoda, Merlin, Gandalf, a great coach or teacher. 4. HERALD One who brings the Call to Adventure. Could be a person or an event. 5. THRESHOLD GUARDIANS The forces that stand in the way at important turning points, including jealous enemies, professional gatekeepers, or your own fears and doubts.
The Writer's Journey: Mythic Structure for Writers 6. SHAPESHIFTERS In stories, creatures like vampires or werewolves who change shape. In life, the shapeshifter represents change or ambiguity. The way other people (or our perceptions of them) keep changing. The opposite sex, the way people can be two-faced. 7. TRICKSTERS Clowns and mischief-makers, Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck, Richard Pryor and Eddie Murphy. Our own mischievous subconscious, urging us to change. 8. ALLIES Characters who help the hero through the change. Sidekicks, buddies, girlfriends who advise the hero through the transitions of life.[6]
History
The book stems from a seven page studio memo, "A Practical Guide to The Hero with a Thousand Faces",[7] based on Campbell's work, which Vogler wrote while working for Disney. An earlier edition, The Writer's Journey: Mythic Structure for Storytellers and Screenwriters, was published in 1992. Vogler revised the book for a second release in 1998 and changed the title to The Writer's Journey: Mythic Structure For Writers. The third edition, published in 2007, included a new introduction, new artwork and analysis of recent, popular motion pictures.
Title
The title of the book was influenced by a number of sources. The first came from Campbell's text, The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Later, in the 1980s, two documentaries would introduce the phrase, The Hero's Journey into popular discourse. The first, released in 1987, The Hero's Journey: The World of Joseph Campbell was accompanied by a 1990 companion book, The Hero's Journey: Joseph Campbell on His Life and Work. The second was Bill Moyers' series of seminal interviews with Campbell, released in 1988 as the documentary (and companion book) The Power of Myth.
References
[1] http:/ / worldcat. org/ oclc/ 154677482 [2] BBC Writers Room staff. "Christopher Vogler's screenwriting workshop" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070818162749/ http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ writersroom/ insight/ insight_vogler. shtml). BBC Writers Room. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ writersroom/ insight/ insight_vogler. shtml) on 2007-08-18. . Retrieved 2007-08-18. [3] Exposure staff. "Recommended Reading" (http:/ / www. exposure. co. uk/ contacts/ reading. html#screenwriting). Exposure.co.uk. . Retrieved 2007-08-06. [4] De Montfort University. "Recommended Reading" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070217151205/ http:/ / www. dmu. ac. uk/ faculties/ humanities/ pg/ ma/ cwnm_recommended_reading. jsp). Demontfort University Official Website (Humanities). Archived from the original (http:/ / www. dmu. ac. uk/ faculties/ humanities/ pg/ ma/ cwnm_recommended_reading. jsp) on 2007-02-17. . Retrieved 2007-08-06. [5] Editing Service Staff. "Books about Writing" (http:/ / www. editing-service. com/ books_about_writing. htm). OgleMoore staff. . Retrieved 2007-08-06. [6] The Writer's Journey, Christopher Vogler, http:/ / www. thewritersjourney. com/ hero%27s_journey. htm [7] Vogler, Christopher. "A Practical Guide to The Hero with a Thousand Faces" (http:/ / www. skepticfiles. org/ atheist2/ hero. htm). . An online copy of the memo.
External links
Official website (http://www.thewritersjourney.com)
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/