IJITT, Vol.

1, Issue 1, 2010 ISSN : 0976-5972

International Journal of Information and Telecommunication Technology

www.sriste.com

Eddy Current and Flux Density Distribution Analysis of Linear Induction Motor by Finite Element Method
1
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Manpreet Singh Manna#, 2Sanjay Marwaha# , 3Anupma Marwaha$ & 4Chetan Vasudeva#

Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, SLIET, Longowal Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SLIET 1 mannasliet@gmail.com 2marwaha_sanjay@yahoo.co.in, 4chetan..vasudeva@gmail.com;

ARTICLE INFO:
Article history: Received : May 6, 2010 Revised : June 16, 2010 Available online : July 2010

ABSTRACT

Keywords: Linear Induction Motor, Finite Element Method, Eddy Current. Flux density Distribution.

The development of electromagnetic devices as machines, transformers, heating devices confronts the engineers with several problems. For the design of an optimized geometry and the prediction of the operational behaviour an accurate knowledge of the dependencies of the field quantities inside the magnetic circuits is necessary. This paper provides the eddy current and secondary core flux density distribution analysis in linear induction motor. Magnetic flux in the air gap of the LIM is reduced to various losses such as fringes effect. The adaptive finite element method software from COMSOL Multiphysics Inc. USA is used to get the reliable and accurate computational results for optimization the performance of LIM. The geometrical characteristics of LIM varied to find the optimal point of thrust and minimum flux leakage during static and dynamic conditions of Linear Induction Motor. 2010 Sriste. All rights reserved.

I. INTRODUCTION Electromagnetic field analysis of electromechanical devices are usually performed to achieve information about their stationary and dynamic performances. In many applications, a two dimensional finite element analysis able to predict with sufficient approximation device performances. Unfortunately, some core structures or some behaviour conditions cannot be simulated by an equivalent 2D domain and only a 3D FE analysis provides and accurate model of the Electromagnetic problem. In particular one of the main problem usually encountered in the analysis of linear induction motor is represented by end effects. The eddy currents induced in the conducting plate create a counter mmf which opposes the passage of the slot leakage flux. Thus the leakage reactance of the linear motor is decreased and more flux is concentrated in air gap, resulting in an increase of the developed thrust. This paper presents the eddy current and secondary core flux density distribution of smaller size LIM. II. LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR MODEL

The Figure 1 shows the geometry of 4 pole LIM which has an annular- linear configuration. The construction is very rugged. The conducting plate along with the exciting coil of 32 turns is inserted in each of the 12 slots. The secondary considered here is simply a silicon mild steel having 15 teeth of height 4 mm.

Fig. 1 Geometrical View of Linear Induction Motor

The air gap between stator and mover is 0.5 mm. the back plate of secondary is of iron having conductivity = 10.44. The thickness of the plate is 10 mm. the pole pitch is 16 mm.

International Journal of Information and Telecommunication Technology Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010, (0976-5972) www.sriste.com

the length of the stator is 170 mm with slot pitch of 14.77 mm. III. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS In order to compute the magnetic flux density and eddy current density distribution by finite element analysis the COMSOL Multiphysics ver. 3.5a with AC/DC machine Tool-box has been used here. The element type is Lagrange linear type. The adaptive mesh refinement generation techniques used for meshing the LIM geometry. The number of degree of freedom is 2356 with number of triangular elements 4644. The number of boundary element is 672 and numbers of vertex elements are 140 as shown in figure 2.

The magnetic flux density of secondary core has been analysed along the motor length during the velocity of 36 m/s of motor. The entry end the magnetic field is weakened by the entry end effect. The field is built up gradually and there are sharp rises on the distribution curves near the exit end. The figure 4 shows the fringes effect clearly with magnetization contour. The fringes are more built up at the center of mover core as compared to the both end sides of LIM.

Fig. 2 Meshing of LIM with Adaptive Refinement

Fig.4 Magnetization contour around the LIM

Fig. 5 Surface Current density of LIM Mover Fig. 3 Magnetic Flux Density Distribution in LIM

IV. SIMULATION RESULTS With the help of COMSOL Multiphysics, the drichlet boundary condition on LIM model has been employed. The surface plot could be obtained for magnetic flux distribution as shown figure 3.

The surface current density plot is shown in figure 5. In which it is clearly seen that eddy currents are more developed during flux concentration is strong. On the other hand the leakage reactance of the linear induction motor is decreased and more flux is concentrated into the air gap resulting in an increase of the developed thrust.

International Journal of Information and Telecommunication Technology Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010, (0976-5972) www.sriste.com

The Simulation results with different air-gap as 0.5 mm, 1mm, 1.5 mm and 2mm have been computed and compared. It is found that the optimization in performance of LIM has been achieved at the air gap of 1 mm between the mover and stator. While the relative permeability is fixed in between 1.0345 to 1.5. The material properties have been kept constant purposely to observe the performance of LIM with geometrical characteristics only. V. CONCLUSIONS The Finite Element method is more accurate as compared to other methods like FDM and BEM etc. when 2D as well 3D analysis has to be done. The performance of LIM can be improved by variation in parameters like geometry characteristics, winding structure, material properties. In this paper the attempt has been made by varying the airgap of LIM that is geometry characteristics. Whereas other parameters can also be vary to bring optimized model of LIM in future study. VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT Support for this work is provided by Computational Laboratory part of Electrical & Instrumentation Engineering Department of Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal, (Deemed-to-be-University), India. VII.
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Manpreet Singh Manna born on March 1971 at Patiala. Er. Manna is Asst. Professor in the Deptt. of Electrical & Instrumentation Engineering, SLIET, Longowal. Completed his BE (Electrical & Electronics) from Mysore University in 1993, ME (Power & Machines) from Thapar Inst. of Engg. & Tech. in 2000. He is pursuing his Ph. D from SLIET Longowal. He is Life member of ISTE and Institution of Engineers (India). He also has published 74 research papers in National and International Journals and conferences of repute. His area of interest is Finite Element tools for Power Systems and Energy Generation & Management.

Sanjay Marwaha born on April 1966 at Nahan. Dr. Marwaha is Professor and Dean (Walfare) in the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering at SLIET, Longowal. He did his BE (Electrical Engg.) from Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur in 1988, ME (Power Systems) from Panjab University, Chandigarh in 1990 and Ph.D. from GNDU, Amritsar in 2000. He is life member of ISTE and Member, Institution of Engineers (India) and has published around 60 research papers in National and International journals/conferences of repute. His area of interest includes Design and Analysis of Electromagnetic Devices, Power Systems and HV Engg. Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentations, Industrial Electronics and Microwave Engineering. Anupma Marwaha born on April 1969 at Chandigarh. Presently she is working as Associate Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engg. at SLIET, Longowal. She did her BE (Electronics Engg.) from Panjab University, Chandigarh in 1990 and M. Tech. (Electronics and Communication Engg.) from Kurukshetra University in 1992 and Ph.D. from GNDU, Amritsar in 2003. She is life member of ISTE and Member, Institution of Engineers (India) and has published around 50 research papers in National and International journals/conferences of repute. Her area of interest includes Communication Systems, Microwave and Antennas and application of Finite Difference Time Domain and Finite Element tools in design of various electromagnetic structures.

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