Refraction Practice Problems

7. An underwater scuba diver sees the Sun at an apparent angle of

45.0 from the vertical. What is actual direction of the Sun?
8. Light is incident normal to a 1.00-cm layer of water that lies on top
of a flat Lucite

plate with a thickness of 0.500 cm. How much more

time is required for light to pass through this double layer than is
required to traverse the same distance in air (n
Lucite
= 1.59)?
9. A laser beam is incident at an angle of 30.0 to the vertical onto a
solution of corn syrup in water. If the beam is refracted to 19.24 to the
vertical, (a) what is the index of refraction of the syrup solution?
Suppose the light is red, with wavelength 632.8 nm in a vacuum. Find its
(b) wavelength, (c) frequency, and (d) speed in the solution. Hint: The
frequency stays constant when light travels from one material to
another.
21. The light beam shown in Figure P22.21 makes an angle of 20.0
with the normal line NN in the linseed oil. Determine the angles and
. (The refractive index for linseed oil is 1.48.)
Figure P22.21
22. A submarine is 300 m horizontally out from the shore and 100 m
beneath the surface of the water. A laser beam is sent from the sub so
that it strikes the surface of the water at a point 210 m from the shore. If
the beam just strikes the top of a building standing directly at the
waters edge, find the height of the building.
Solutions:
22.7 1 1 2 2
sin sin n n
1
sin 1.333 sin 45.0
1
sin (1.333)(0.707) 0.943
1
70.5 19.5 abovethehorizontal
22.8 Thespeedoflightinwateris water
water
c
v
n

,andinLucite

Lucite
Lucite
c
v
n

.Thus,the
totaltimerequiredtotransversethedoublelayeris
1
water Lucite water water Lucite Lucite
water Lucite
d d d n d n
t
v v c
+
+
Thetimetotravelthesamedistanceinairis
2
water Lucite
d d
t
c
+

,sotheadditional
timerequiredforthedoublelayeris
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2
2 2
11
8
1 1
1.00 10 m 1.333 1 0.500 10 m 1.59 1
2.09 10 s
3.00 10 m s
water water Lucite Lucite
d n d n
t t t
c

+

+

22.9 (a) FromSnellslaw,

( )
1 1
2
2
1.00 sin30.0 sin
1.52
sin sin19.24
n
n

(b)
0
2
2
632.8nm
417nm
1.52 n

(c)
8
14
9
0
3.00 10 m s
4.74 10 Hz
632.8 10 m
c
f

inairandinsyrup
(d)
8
8
2
2
3.00 10 m s
1.98 10 m s
1.52
c
v
n

22.21 FromSnellslaw,theangleofincidenceattheairoilinterfaceis
( )
1
1
sin
sin
1.48 sin20.0
sin 30.4
1.00
oil oil
air
n
n

1
]
1

1
]
andtheangleofrefractionasthelightentersthewateris
( )
1 1
1.48 sin20.0 sin
sin sin 22.3
1.333
oil oil
water
n
n

1 1

1 1
] ]
22.22 Theangleofincidenceatthewater
surfaceis
1
1
90.0m
tan 42.0
100m

_


,
Then,Snellslawgivestheangleof
refractionas
( )
1 1 1
2
1.333 sin42.0 sin
sin sin 63.1
1.00
water
air
n
n

_ _


, ,
sotheheightofthebuildingis
2
210m 210m
107m
tan tan63.1
h