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1Heat Exchangers: http://www.fourinox.com/upload/pages/water_processing/HEat-Exchanger-1.

gif it's a device at which heat transfers between two fluids at different temperatures(cold fluid and hot fluid). ------------------------------------------------2Applications of Heat Exchangers: http://www.spp.co.jp/English/business/heat/img/pht_he_heat.jpg 1)Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems 2) Power Plants 3)Radiator in Cars 4)Boilers 5)Oil Coolers ------------------------------------------------Heat transfers in Heat Exchangers by Convection through the fluid,, and by Conduction through the wall separating the two fluids. http://www.nsiequipments.com/gifs/rotary-kilnsnew1.jpg ------------------------------------------------3Classifications of Heat Exchangers: Heat Exchangers may be classified according to: 1) Flow Arrangement 2)Construction

3.11)Classification according to Flow Arrangement: Three types of flow arrangements may be found in heat exchangers: 1)Parallel Flow 2)Counter Flow 3)Cross Flow http://www.chemeng.queensu.ca/courses/CHEE218/projects/HeatExchanger/images/image001. gif http://www.chemeng.queensu.ca/courses/CHEE218/projects/HeatExchanger/images/image002. gif 3.1.1)Parallel Flow: Both Hot and Cold fluids enter the heat exchanger at the same end and move in the same direction. http://me1065.wdfiles.com/local--resized-images/automotive-heatexchangers/parallelflow_hxgr&tempcurve2/medium.jpg

3.1.2)Counter Flow: Hot and Cold fluid enter the heat exchanger at opposite directions. http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/dairy/facts/formicacidf6.gif 3.1.3)Cross Flow: http://travkin-hspt.com/thermph/pic/fig7_01.gif The two fluids moves perpendicular to each others. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/fig/1340170102005.png -------------------------------------------------

3.21)Classification according to Construction: Four types of Construction may be found in heat exchangers: 3.2.1)Tubular:

In this type of heat exchanger the hot and cold fluids are separated by a wall and the heat is transfered by a combination of convection to and from the wall and conduction through the wall. the wall can include extended surfaces(fins) 3.2.1.1 Double Pipe(concentric pipe) http://www.sysmodeling.com/dsm/images/double_pipe.JPG it's the simplest type of heat exchangers,, consists of two concentric pipes of different diameters one fluid in a double pipe heat exchanger flow through the smaller pipe while the other fluid flows through the annular space between the two pipes(parallel and counter flow are possible here)

3.2.1.2 Shell and Tube http://www.sysmodeling.com/dsm/images/shell_tube_hx.JPG a common type of heat exchanger that s widely used used in chemical processes, http://imghost.indiamart.com/data/R/X/MY448848/16Shell_Tube_Heat_Exchanger_250x250.jpg it contains a large number of tubes(several hundreds some times!!) which are packed in a shell with their axes parallel to that of the shell. heat transfer takes place as one fluid flows outside the tubes through the shell http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Straight-tube_heat_exchanger_1pass.PNG baffles are commonly placed in the shell to force the shell side fluid to flow across the shell to enhance heat transfer and to maintain uniform spacing between the tubes, baffles also provide turbulence which increases heat transfer between the fluids. http://www.petrochemind.com/utube.jpg

3.2.2)Plate-Type it consists of a metal frame in which a variable number of corrugated metal sheets are clamped together adjoining plates are spaced apart and sealed against leakage and intermixing by a gasket http://www.acr-news.com/news/images/637_1.jpg the two fluids flow in a counterflow directions, and corrugations produce turbulence and an increase in the total surface area which increases heat transfer coefficient and effectiveness.

3.2.3)Extended Surfaces: 3.2.3.1 Plate fin 3.2.3.2 Tube fin http://www.khei.com/images/header-manifold.gif 3.2.4)Regenerative: It depends on storing the thermal heat exists in the hot fluid in a porous material with high heat capacity,, then the cold fluid pass through this material to absorb this stored heat http://www.howden.com/NR/rdonlyres/0C90E3D9-7BEF-411F-901D9CF01A4CF508/0/HowdenRotaryHeatExchanger.jpg 3.2.4.1 Rotary 3.2.4.2 Fixed matrix Rotating hoods3.2.4.3

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