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[Advaita-l] maheshwara sUtrAs and shAkta vidya

Venkata sriram P venkatasriramp at yahoo.in Tue Sep 20 10:16:43 CDT 2011


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Namaste, Long back, I wrote an article on Maheshwara Sutras and the summary of kAsika by Nandikeshwara. The kAsika presented here is the abridged form and I have omitted the tattva darshini. *********************************** The Nataraja in Chidambaram or Tillaivanam performs the Tandava dance before Patanjali, Vyaghrapada, Sanaka, Sanandana and other sages. At the close of the dance, Nataraja produces 14 sounds with his Damaruka. From these 14 sounds, emanated 14 Sutras and 14 branches of vedic learning. The fourteen sounds produced by Natarajas drum are the means by which the Reality of Siva is to be known and experienced within us. The sages obtained the inner vision to see this Great Cosmic dance of Siva. At the end, everyone were in the ocean of Bliss Absolute. Among those present at Natarajas dance was Panini. For him these 14 sounds meant the fourteen cardinal sutras of Grammer and on them he based his Ashtadhyayi. The Nataraja was the Sabda-Brahma Incarnate and at the conclusion of his Tandava, these series of fourteen letters emanated: 1) a i un 2) r l k 3) e on 4) ai au c 5) ha ya va ra t 6) la n 7) jna ma gna Nna na m 8) jha bha n 9) gha dad ha s 10) ja ba ga da da s 11) kha pha cha that ha ca ta ta v 12) ka pa y 13) sa sa sar 14) ha l All the 16 vowels (a, Aa, i, Ii, u, Uu, ri, rii, lri, lrii, e, ai, o au, am, ah) fall under the a-ch sUtra and all the consonants (ka,kha,..ha) fall under the sUtra ha-l. Nandikeswara and Upamanyu have written commentaries upon these 14 sutras. The following is the summary. Upamanyu's is omitted here. The initial letter a in the vowel represents PRAKASA - SIVA and the final ha in the consonant represent VIMARSA - SAKTI. Both these letters combined become Siva-Sakti Principle which is otherwise called AHAM.

1st Sutra: a i un Nirguna Parabrahma who is Siva is denoted by first letter a. The Sakti in the form of Chit Kala is denoted by i in this sutra. This is the medium or upadhi. Siva (a) with Sakti (i) as upadhi gets manifested as Saguna Brahma (u). This saguna brahma (u) gets transformed into Jagat (n). Here a is non-objective bliss Siva tattva; i is the Kamakala Sakti tattva; u is Ishwara tattva 2nd Sutra: r l k r is Sarveshwara tattva; l is Maya tattva; k is Jagat that is being perceived. The Siva (a) with Sakti (i) gets manifested as r, l, k 3rd Sutra: e on e is the product of a and i ie., Para siva and Sakti. O is the product of a and u. This imply that Para Siva with Chit as Upadhi got manifested as Jagat and became Ishwara Tattva. 4th Sutra: ai au c Para Siva (a) with his Sakti (e) and His Will (i) becoming Paramaatma (o) has become (c) the Consciousness or Jnana Swarupa (u). Entire vowels of 16 in numbers are in between these 4 sutras. Vowels are also called a-ch and consonants are called hal. From the 1st sutra, a is taken out and from the 4th sutra, c is taken out. They become ach. These are 16 vowels. 5th Sutra : ha ya va ra t 6th Sutra: la n >From the 5th and 6th sutras, pancha bhutas (5 gross elements) have originated. Ha is akasa, ya is vaayu, va is jala, ra is agni, la is prithvi. Pancha Bhuta Bija Mantras (lam, ham, yam, ram, vam) have originated from these varnas. la which is prithvi is the basis of all the beings. From this la originated medicinal plants and food. Food becomes sukra among males and sonita among females. From sukra-sonita, jiva has evolved. Thus, Parama Siva (a) with Sakti (i) becomes 5 gross elements and Jiva tattva. 7th Sutra: jna ma gna Nna na m jna, ma, gna, Nna, na becomes pancha tanmaatraas. They are Touch, Taste, Sound, Form and Smell respectively. 8th Sutra: jha bha n

Jha : Organs of Speech (vak); bha : Hands 9th Sutra: gha dad ha s gha : Feet; da : paayu; dha : Upastha. Thus, Para Siva (a) with Sakti (i) becomes Organs of Action. 10th Sutra: ja ba ga da da s Ja : skin; ba : tongue; ga: ears; da : eyes; da : nose Thus, para siva (a) with sakti (i) becomes Organs of Knowledge 11th Sutra: kha pha cha that ha ca ta ta v Kha is prana; pha is apana; cha is vyana; tha is udana, tha is samana, ca is manas, ta is buddhi and ta is ahamkara respectively. Thus, Para Siva and Sakti become Vital Airs and Antah Karana.

12th Sutra: ka pa y Ka denotes Prakriti and Pa denotes Purusha. Thus, Para Siva (a) with Sakti (i) becomes Prakriti (ka) and Purusha (pa). 13th Sutra: sa sa sar Parasiva (a) with Chit Kala / Sakti (i) through Rajo Guna (sa), Tamo Guna (sha) and Sattva Guna (sa) as Medium is performing Creation, Preservation and Destruction. 14th Sutra: ha l ha l is the essence of all principles that transcends everything in the cosmos and is untouched by the senses (a-sparsha tattva) and is the Consciousness in the form of AHAM or I. >From the 5th sutra till the 14th sutras, entire 34 consonants are in between. By sounding the drum 14 times and evolving these 14 sutras, the Nataraja disappears in the Chit Sabha at Tillaivanam. The entire 36 principles of creation that Srividya speaks of can be correlated with these 14 Siva Sutras. 50 Matrikas (16 vowels + 34 Consonants) have originated from the 14 siva sutras. And hence, entire cosmos is in the form of these 14 sutras. With regards, Sriram

Shrinivas Gadkari wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Namaste ShriKrishnaji, Thanks for the information you have been providing on books. I will keep an eye on these books. I do intend to keep discussion on this topic alive. However duration between postings might be long partly due to time constraints and partly due to the nature of study involved. May be I will take this opportunity to ask if any list memebers can shed some light on shiva sutras of panini. These are 14 verses with a peculiar arrangement of vowels and consonants. ($$$) Thanks and best regards Shrinivas

I had posted the following a few days back, but some how it did not appear on the List. 1. ($$$) Please see the attached text file.

2. It is interesting to note that many of the names of Gods and messiahs, some of which are used in nama-Japa, contain "r" sound. For example : Krishna, Rama, Rahim, Christ, Raghu, Brahman, It happens that "r" sound has a frequency component arround 10 Hz, which happens to be Alpha frequency of EEG. This has considerable significance in efficacy of a mantra (a word as an antrument to deal with mind). Similarly, the sounds of Nasal group (m, n, .n, etc) are also very effective. 3. Indian Mantra and Tantra experts have done considerable work in these lines. For those interested, I would recommend the classic "ParaTrishika Vivara.na" by Abhinava Gupta, the English translation by Jaidev Singh is available. ------------------------------------ Himanshu A deep analysis of what is speech sound is given in the Mahabhashya by Patanjali on Panini's Ashtaadhyayi. Several commentaries and sub-commentaries are written on the Mahabhashya. In one of them by Nagesh Bhatt on Kaiyata's Vyakhyana, a set of shlokas by Nandikeshvara in reference to the Maaheshvara Suutras is given. It is known as Kaashikaa od Nandikeshvara. It is a kind of meditation of individual speech sound. It is of interest in the present discussion. It is well known that according to Vaidika tradition, speech sound are envisaged to be be generated from the drum of Lord Nateshvara (Shiva). These sounds, as

used in Sanskrit language, are put in a very significant and systematic order in form of what is known as Maaheshvara Suutras. I would like to give below the Kaashikaa by Nandikeshvara, with bare translation. A commentary on these shlokas by Upamanyu is available. Original Shiva-Suutras are inicated as [Shiva-n]. {\skt n.rttaavasaane na.taraajaraajo nanaada .dhakkaa.m navapa~ncavaaram |} {\skt uddharttukaama.h sanakaadisiddhaanetadvimar"se "sivasuutrajaalam ||} (1) At the end of the Tandava dance, Shiva played on the drum, desiring to wake up the four Rishis - Sanaka etc. He played 9x5= 45 times, in 14 groups forming 14 Suutras of Shivasuutra strings. He wanted to convey the Vaak through which Atman is accessible. {\skt atra sarvatra suutre.su antyavar.nacaturda"sam |} {\skt dhaatvartha.m samupaadi.s.ta.m paa.ninyaadii.s.tasiddhaye ||} (2) There are 14 syllables, one at the end of each of the Suutra, and they help Paanini and others in their effort to define Dhatu. {\skt a i u .n} [Shiva-1] {\skt akaaro brahmaruupa.h syaannirgu.na.h sarvavastu.su |} {\skt citkalaami.m samaa"sritya jagadruupa u.nii"svara.h ||} (3) By this first Suutra, the Atman which is source of generation of all the syllabii and all the beings is being indicated. "a" is Parameshvara, Nirguna, who taking help of "i" - Maya, becomes "u" the all-pervading, Saguna, ".n" = is. Giitaa also says "{\skt ak.saraa.naam akaaro.smi} "I am the 'a' amongst the speech sounds." {\skt akaara.h sarvavar.naagrya.h prakaa"sa.h parame"svara.h |} {\skt aadyamantyena sa.myogaadahamityeva jaayate ||} (4) The "a" sound, the First amongst all the syllables, is the Light, the Parameshvara. Only by joining of the first "a" and the last "h" the "I" - {skt aham} the Ego, gets generated. Or in other words, "aham" encompasses everything there is. {\skt sarva.m paraatmaka.m puurva.m j~naptimaatramida.m jagat |} {\skt j~napterbabhuuva pa"syantii madhyamaa vaak tata.h sm.rtaa ||} (5) As a result of Maya and as per Karma of previous births, from Para vaak arising in the Heart, Pashyanti, and further, Madhyama arises. All the perceived World is only perceptions, supported by these Vaak. {\skt vaktre vi"suddhacakraakhye vaikharii saa mataa tata.h |}

{\skt s.r.s.tyaavirbhaavamaasadya madhyamaa vaak samaa mataa ||} Then Vaikhari Vaak gets generated in the mouth, the Vishuddha Chakra. The manifestation of the World is due to these Vaak. Though there is some little difference between the actual speech sounds produced by individual human, there is no difference between the speech at Madhyama Vaak level, it is same for every one. {\skt akaara.m sa.mnidhiik.rtya jagataa.m kaara.natvata.h |} {\skt ikaara.h sarvavar.naanaa.m "saktitvaatkaara.na.m matam ||} (7) {\skt jagatsra.s.tumabhuudicchaa yadaa hyaasiittadaabhavat |} {\skt kaamabiijamiti praahurmunayo vedapaaragaa.h ||} {\skt akaaro j~naptimaatra.m syaadikaara"scitkalaa mataa |} {\skt ukaaro vi.s.nurityaahurvyaapakatvaanmahe"svara.h ||}

(6)

(8) (9)

"a" is, when manifested, the cause of the World. "i" is considered the cause of all the syllables due to its power. When it desired to create the World, it created itself and so it is called Kaamabiija - the Seed of Desire - by seer who have understood the Vedas. "a" is a quantum of knowledge, "i" is the variation (movement) of the consciousness and "u" is said to be Vishnu, due to its wide pervading. {\skt .r .l k } {\skt .r.lk sarve"svaro maayaa.m manov.rttimadar"sayat |} {\skt taameva v.rttimaa"sritya jagadruupamajiijanat ||} ".r" is Parameshvara, ".l" is the movement of mind known as Maya and "k" = showed. Parameshvara only, taking resort to Maya, created the World. ".r" represents ".rtam" the Law, Parabrahma. ".l" represents Maya, Parameshvari. They as if form a couple. {\skt v.rttiv.rttimatoratra bhedale"so na vidyate |} {\skt candracandrikayoryadvadyathaa vaagarthayorapi ||} (11) [Shiva-2] (10)

{\skt svecchayaa svasya cicchaktau vi"svamunmiilayatyasau |} {\skt var.naanaa.m madhyama.m kliibam.r.lvar.nadvaya.m vidu.h ||}(12) There is no difference between various movements of mind (v.rtti). The relationship between the Vaak and its meaning is just like moon and its moon-light. By its own will, it manifests (unfolds) its mental power as the World. Amongst the syllables, these middle two - .r.l - are considered impotent or neuters. {Ending "k" denotes Prakriti. -- Himanshu}

These five syllables given in the first two Shiva-suutras create all the remaining syllables. They denote the five Mahabhuuta - aakaasha, etc. {\skt e o ~n } [Shiva-3] (13)

{\skt eo~nmaaye"svaraatmyaikyavij~naana.m sarvavastu.su |} {\skt saak.sitvaatsarvabhuutaanaa.m sa eka iti ni"scitam ||}

Fearing that by assuming the relationship of the Creator and the created, the principle of Advaita will not be obeyed, depending upon Shruti like : {\skt tats.r.s.tvaa tadevaanupraavi"sat}, it says : eo~n maaye"svara : the Creator and the Creation is itself only. "a" resulting in "u" in Pra.nava (aum or om) denotes the oneness of the Saguna and Nirguna and by that example, refutation of the Dvaita is indicated, by understanding oneness of all. By considering the difference in Samashti and Vyashti view-points, this Suutra indicates the combination of the "a" with "i" and "a" with "u". "a" is Akshara, "i" is Maya, so their combination "a" + "i" = "e" indicates Praj~naanaatmaa which is in form of Highest level of Knowledge and also Advaita. "e" indiacates the Mahavakya - praj~naanam brahma - and aham brahmaasmi Similarly "a" + "u" = "o" indicates that Parabrahma is sarvasakshi - witness to all. "o" indicates the Mahavakya - tattvamasi - and ayamaatmaa brahma. {\skt ai au c } [Shiva-4]

{\skt ai auc brahmasvaruupa.h san jagatsvaantargata.m tata.h |} {\skt icchayaa vistara.m kartumaaviraasiinmahaamuni.h ||}(14) Doubting that : how can the Unborn Paramatma be the cause of the World, replies ai au c. "ai" is combination of Knowledge (J~naana) and power ("sakti). It wanted the unfolding of the World which is within itself. "a" dirgha (elongated) +"i" dirgha = "ai". Similarly "a" dirgha + "u" dirgha = "au". Thus "ai" and "au" denote Creator of all, Witness of all. It is said that {\skt pra.navena jagadvyaapta.m maayaayaamavati.s.thate} The World, established in Maya, is pervaded by Omkara. Due to short and long versions of each of these vowels,

we have a total 14 vowels. Now we come to the consonants. {\skt ha ya va ra .t} [Shiva-5]

{\skt bhuutapa"ncakametasmaaddhayavara.nmahe"svaraat |} {\skt vyomavaayvambuvanhyaakhyabhuutaanyaasiitsa eva hi ||} (15) >From Parameshvara the five Mahabhuutas generated, but they are Him only. The five are : aakaa"sa vaayu ambu agni p.rthivii. {\skt hakaaraadvyomasa.mj~na.m ca yakaaraadvaayuruucyate |} {\skt rakaaraadvahnistoya.m tu vakaaraaditisaiva vaak ||} (16) "ha" denotes aakaa"sa, "ya" denotes vaayu, "va" denotes water, and "ra" denotes agni, that is the vaak only. {Ending ".t" denotes buddhi or mental level of activity. All the four Mahabhutas denote mental processes. -- Himanshu} {\skt la .n } [Shiva-6]

{\skt aadhaarabhuuta.m bhuutaanaamannaadiinaa.m ca kaara.nam |} {\skt annaadretastato jiiva.h kaara.natvaalla.niiritam ||}(17) It is already said that the five Mahabhutas created from Paramatma are the cause of the Creation. In (16) four of the five Mahabhutas are given. Here the fifth - earth - called aadhaara the support, because it supports various kinds of beings. Thus "la" denotes earth. {Interestingly, the syllable ".n" follows both "a""i""u" and "la". We have already said that ".n" denotes existence. Both Paramatma "a" and the support "la" exist, but at different levels of reality. -- Himanshu} {\skt "na ma ~na .na na m } [Shiva-7]

{\skt "sabdaspar"sau ruuparasagandhaa"sca "nama~na.nanam |} {\skt vyomaadiinaa.m gu.naa hyete jaaniiyaatsarvavastu.su ||}(18) Now the order of creation of Tanmatras which take part in further creation from earth etc. is given. Sound, touch, form, extract and smell are denoted by the five syllables "na etc. {We may consider these to be modes of transfer of energy : wave propagation, convection, diffusion, electricity and chemical material. -- Himanshu} {Ending "m" denotes relation to energy {\skt jha bha "n } -- Himanshu} [Shiva-8]

{\skt vaakpaa.nii ca jhabha"naasiidviraa.druupacidaatmana.h |} {\skt sarvajantu.su vij~neya.m sthaavaraadau na vidyate ||} {\skt vargaa.naa.m turyavar.naa ye karmendriyamayaa hi te ||} (19) {\skt gha .dha dha .s } [Shiva-9]

{\skt gha.dhadha.s sarvadhaatunaa.m paadapaayu upasthaka.h |} {\skt karmendriyaga.naa hyete jaataa hi paramaarthata.h ||} (20) In these Suutras Karmendriyas - the organs of action - are being described. Both for the Virat and individual being, speech and hands are denoted by "jha" and "bha" resply. "gha", ".dha" and "dha" denote resply feet, anus and genitals. {".s" in [Shiva-9] denotes Tamasic guna, while [Shiva-8] denotes higher level activities. {\skt ja ba ga .da da "s } "n in -- Himanshu } [Shiva-10]

{\skt "srotratva~nnayanaghraa.najihvaa dhiindriyapa"ncakam |} {\skt sarve.saamapi jantuunaamiirita.m jabaga.dada"s ||} (21) This suutra denotes the equivalence of five sense organs ears, skin, eyes, nose, tongue - and "ja", "ba", etc. Note the close relation between nose and tongue on one side and ".da" and "da" on the other. {Ending "s denotes that these are having rajasic guna. -- Himanshu} {\skt kha pha cha .tha tha ca .ta ta v } [Shiva-11]

{\skt praa.naadipa"ncaka.m caiva mano buddhiraha.mk.rti.h |} {\skt babhuuva kaara.natvena khaphacha.thathaca.tat v ||} (22) {\skt vargadvitiyavar.notthaa.h praa.naadyaa.h pa"nca vaayava.h |} {\skt madhyavargatrayaajaataa anta.hkara.nav.rttaya.h ||} (23) Thus the five-tuple of Pranas and manas, buddhi, ahamkara these eight are denoted by "kha", "pha", etc. The five Pranas are denoted by the five syllables at the 2nd position in Vargas - ka, pa, ca, .ta and ta. >From the three middle Vargas - ca .ta ta - the movements of the antahkarana - manas, buddhi and ahamkara. {The ending "v" denotes that these are related to "water", i.e., consciousness. -- Himanshu}

{\skt ka pa y }

[Shiva-12]

{\skt prak.rti.m puru.sa.m caiva sarve.saameva sammatam |} {\skt sambhuutamiti vij~neya.m kapay syaaditi ni"scitam ||} (24) "ka" is Prakriti and "pa" is Purusha. {Ending "y" denotes that these movements of mind - creation. {\skt "sa .sa sa r} are related to "vayu", i.e., -- Himanshu} [Shiva-13]

{\skt satva.m rajastama iti gu.naanaa.m tritaya.m puraa |} {\skt samaa"sritya mahaadeva.h "sa.sasar kriidati prabhu.h ||} (25) {\skt "sakaaraadraajasodbhuuti.h .sakaaraattaamasodbhava.h |} {\skt sakaaraatsatvasa.mbhuutiriti trigu.nasa.mbhava.h ||} (26) In the begining of the Creation, Shiva played around with the three gunas - satvas, rajas and tamas. "sa denotes rajas, .sa tamas and sa satvas. The three gunas were generated out of these three syllables. {Ending "r" denotes agni, i.e. analytical thinking. {\skt ha l } -- Himanshu} [Shiva-14]

{\skt tatvaatiita.h para.h saak.sii sarvaanugrahavigraha.h |} {\skt ahamaatmaa paro hal syaamiti "sa.mbhustirodadhe ||} (27) Generator of all attributes, but Himself beyond any attributes, the Ultimate Reality, the Witness, whose form gives all kinds of favours, "I am Paramatma" - saying thus, after teaching the Knowledge to the Sanakadi Rishis through sounding of the drum, Shiva vanished. "ha" denotes Shiva himself - that is the posiiton of Shaivagamas. {Ending "l" denotes basis, i.e. this is how we human beings understand Creation. -- Himanshu} {\skt iti nandike"svarak.rtaa kaa"sikaa samaaptaa ||} -- Himanshu.

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