SMK KEPALA BATAS

Name Class Teacher

: Muhammad Shafiq bin Azhar : 2 Progresif : Pn. Rosilawaty binti Umran

Science~Biodiversity

Introduction
1) Food is the source of energy for all living things. 2) The importance of food includes :i) build healthy body ii) repairs & replace damages tissue iii) build new cells iv) for growth v) warm the body vi) provides energy for carrying out works

Science~Biodiversity

Information
Class of food
Food can be classified into 7 class of food

Carbohydrate

Protein

Fat

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

Fibre

Science~Biodiversity

A. Carbohydrates
- Made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. - Main source of energy. - 2 types of carbohydrates: simple carbohydrates : sugar compels carbohydrates : starch, fibre - Excess carbohydrates are stored as fats in our body.

Rice

Potato

Bread

Tapioca

Banana

Science~Biodiversity

B. Proteins
- Made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. - Our body mainly made up of protein. - Make up of a large number of subunits called amino acids. - Main substance needed for the growth of new cell and repair the damage or injured tissues. - Used to make up cells, tissue, and organs. - During extreme saturation, protein becomes the source of energy.

Fish

Milk

Meat

Egg

Nuts

Science~Biodiversity

C. Fat
- Made out of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. - Consists of smaller units of fatty acids combined with glycerol. - Vegetables facts: liquid form (oil). - Animals facts: solid form. - Contains twice as much energy as carbohydrate. - Stored under the skin or around organs in our body.

Plam Oil

Coconut oil

Egg york

Fish Oil

Butter

Note: Most of the oil & butter that we eat contains fat.

Science~Biodiversity

D. Vitamins
- Organic compound those are vital for healthy growth. - Required in small quantities. - Two kinds of vitamins : fat-soluble (A, D, E and K) water-soluble (B and C) - Does not provide any energy. - Inefficient intake of vitamins will cause vitamins deficiency. - If someone does have enough of particular vitamins, they suffer from a deficiency disease.
Vitamins A Source
carrot, liver, fish, liver oil and green vegetable egg, milk, meat, yeast and cereals

Function
For night vision Healthy Skin

Deficiency
Night blindness Skin infections

C D

fresh fruits and vegetable made by our body in sun light (sun light), also fund in milk, eggs, fish liver oil vegetable oil, whole grains, nuts and wheat germ made in human intestines, also, found in eggyork and green vegetable

Releases energy from carbohydrates Healthy nervous system Healthy skin Formation of red blood cells Healing of wounds Resistance to disease

Beriberi Anaemia

Scurvy (bleeding gums) Rickets (soft bones and dental decay)

Strong bones and teeth

May be needed for reproduction Helps to fight against disease

Sterility

Prolonged bleeding Clothing of blood

Science~Biodiversity

Food show in this page and next page is the food contain Vitamin

Carrot, fish liver oil and green vegetable contain high Vitamin A

Egg, milk, meat, yeast are contain high Vitamin B

Fruits And green vegetables is contain high Vitamin C

Milk, eggs, fish liver oil contains high Vitamins D. Also made by our body in sun light.

vegetable oil, whole grains, nuts and wheat germ contain high Vitamin E

Science~Biodiversity

Eggyork and green vegetable contain high Vitamin K. Also made in human intestines.

E. Minerals
- Inorganic substances needed by our body for healthy growth and. development. - Like vitamins : vital for good health required in small quantities does not provide any energy - Excess minerals are excreted through sweet and urine. - Human obtain there minerals through food and drinks. - Lack of minerals will lead to minerals deficiency.
Minerals Calcium Source
Cheese, milk, egg, green vegetable Table salt, Cheese, meat Meat, egg, green vegetable Seafood, iodised salts Egg, meat, milk, cheese, vegetables Meat, nuts, bananas

Function
Strong bones and teeth Blood clotting Muscle and nerve activities Maintain body fluid Proper functioning of nerve Needed to form haemoglobin in red blood cells Needed to make hormones of the thyroid gland Strong bones and teeth Muscle contraction Stores energy Maintain body fluid Proper functioning of nerves

Deficiency disease
Rickets Osteoporosis Prolonged Muscle cramps Muscle cramps

Sodium Iron Iodine Phosphorus Potassium

Anemia Goitre (swelling of the thyroid gland in the neck) Rickets Weakness Weak muscles Paralysis

Science~Biodiversity

Food show in this page and next page is the food contain Minerals

Cheeses, milk, egg, green vegetable contain high calcium.

Table salt, cheese, meat contains high sodium.

Meat, egg, green vegetable contain high iron.

Seafood, iodised salts contains high Iodine.

Egg, meat, milk, cheese, vegetables contain high phosphorus.

Meat, nuts, bananas contain high potassium.

Science~Biodiversity

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F. Water
- About 70% of our body is made up of water. - Main component for our blood and body fluid. - Function of water : Water helps to dissolve and transport digested foods, gases, and horunones. Solvent for many chemical. Forming a medium for chemical reactions. Helps to regulate our body temperature. Waste substance such as salt and urea are passed from our body in water. - Not provide any energy at all.

Science~Biodiversity

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G. Fibre (Roughage)
Made up from cellulose from plant cell wall. Fruits and vegetable are the main source of fibre. Cannot be digested by our body. Fibre absorbs water easily so that our faeces remain soft and can pass from our body easily. - Fibre can prevent constipation.

Vegetables/Fruits

Conclusion
- Men need foods to get nutrient for life. - When a man didnt get enough of carbohydrates a few days, protein and fat will becomes the main of energy. - Men cannot life without energy (nutrient).

Science~Biodiversity

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