Definition of Jitter Transfer Function (JTF)

Type fL OC-1 STM-1/ OC-3 STM-4/ OC-12 A B A B 400 Hz 300 Hz 5 kHz 300 Hz 20 kHz 300 Hz 10 kHz 10 kHz 40 kHz fC 40 kHz 30 kHz 30 kHz 2 MHz 30 kHz 1 MHz fH 400 kHz 1.3 MHz 0 dB 20 MHz 20 MHz 3 MHz 80 MHz Determining the Jitter Transfer Function Tx Jitter simulation Regenerator Rx Jitter measurement fL fC Jitter gain 0.1 dB JTF (f) = 20 log Output jitter (f) Input jitter (f)

1.3 kHz 130 kHz 1.3 MHz 500 kHz 5 MHz

Reliable Jitter Measurement

www.acterna.com
ONT-50 ANT-20

Tolerance mask

20 dB /de ca de

STM-16/ A OC-48 B STM-64/ A OC-192 * OTU1 OTU2 OTU3

fH Frequency

120 kHz 1 MHz 4 MHz 80 MHz 320 MHz

2.5 kHz 250 kHz 20 MHz

What is Jitter?
Jitter is the term used to designated periodic or stochastic deviations of the significant instants of a digital signal from the ideal, equidistant values. Otherwise stated, the transitions of a digital signal invariably occur either too early or too late when compared to a perfect squarewave (reference clock).
Ideal squarewave

Root Mean Square (RMS) and Peak-to-Peak Jitter

The root mean square (RMS) value of the jitter signal provides an indication of the jitter noise power. Peak values that cause bit errors are not recorded by an RMS measurement. RMS jitter is defined for an integration period of T as: JRMS = 1 HT $[ j(t)] dt
T

Definition Maximum Tolerable Jitter (MTJ)

Maximum Tolerable Jitter (MTJ) test on an ADM (transmission interface) Tx Rx Jitter simulation Network element Error detection
DS-1 DS-1 (GR-499 Cat.1)
DS-3 DS-3 (GR-499 Cat.1)
2M 8M 34M 60 1.5 0.075 UIpp Minimum jitter tolerance in UIpp 34 1.5 0.15 1.5 0.2 18 1.5 0.2 11

* Telcordia GR-1377-Core

A3
5 5 0.1 0.1

5 5 0.1 0.1

A2 A1
Jitter frequency
f0 f1 f2 f3 f4

Output Jitter Intrinsic Jitter

Network interface OTN SDH transport Standard ITU-T G.8251 Bit rate OTU1 OTU2 OTU3 ITU-T G.825 STM-1e ETSI EN 302 084 STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 STM-64 ANSI T1.105.03 OC-1 Telcordia GR-253 OC-3 OC-12 OC-48 OC-192 ITU-T G.823 2048 kbps ETSI EN 302 084 8448 kbps 34368 kbps 139264 kbps ANSI T.1102 1544 kbps Telcordia GR-499 6312 kbps ITU-T G.824 44736 kbps ITU-T G.823 2048 kbps PRC ETSI EN 300 462-3-1 2048 kbps SSU 2048 kbps SEC 2048 kbps PDH ANSI T1.101 1544 kbps Jitter limits Wide-band jitter/UIpp 1.5 1.5 6.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 5 3 (1) 5 0.05 0.05 0.5 1.5 5 Jitter limits High-band jitter/UIpp 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.075 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.2 0.2 0.15 0.075 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Jitter free clock

This means, that the square root is calculated over the mean value of the squared signal. This procedure is shown for a noise-like jitter signal with some small peaks of +2 UIpp in the left diagram and the same for sinusoidal jitter test signal in the right diagram.
RMS value of random jitter
1.50 1.50

Minimum jitter tolerance in UIpp 2490 622 155.4 38.9

10 10 10
1.7

120 500

6k 8k

40 k 40 k

UIpp

RMS value of sinusoidal jitter

444.6 106.4 27.8

A5 A4

219 620 30 k 400 k 10 2.3 k 60 k 300 k 20 2.4 k 18 k 100 k

20 400 3 k 400 k

4.4 5

100 200

1k

10 k 800 k

1.00

1.00 Squared signal

Jittered clock
Jitter amplitude 0

15 6.0 0.15
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

0.50 Jitter amplitude

0.50

Squared signal

RMS value 0.25 UIrms

0.00

20

40

60

80

100

SONET transport

Clock deviation and jitter

0.50

Noise-like jitter 2 UIpp

RMS value 0.25 UIrms

20

0.00

15 15 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.15 0.15 0.15

15 15 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.15 0.15 0.15

15 1.5 1.5 0.15 0.15

10.9 1.5 1.5 0.15 0.15

3.63 1.5 0.15

A3
140M

500 10 k 3.5 M

A2 A1
Jitter frequency
f01 f02 f03 10 f04 41.3 f1 100 f2 2k f3 f4

0.50

Noise-like jitter 2 UIpp

1.00

OC-1
Integration time T Time RMS value p-p random 1.00 Integration time T

20 k 400 k

STM-1 OC-3
Time
"

10

19.3 9.65 12.1 12.1

10 18.5 70.9 296

68.7 100

500 500 1k 1k

6.5 k 65 k 6.5 k 65 k 25 k 250 k 25 k 250 k

1.3 M 1.3 M 5M 5M

1.50

PDH transport

Time

"

Square of random

1.50 Sinus Sinus quadr.

STM-4 OC-12

10 10 10 10 10

RMS value

STM-16 OC-48 OTU1 STM-64 OC-192 OTU2 STM-256 OC-768 OTU3

500 500 2k 2k
8k

5k 5k 5k 20 k 20 k 20 k

100 k 100 k 100 k 400 k 400 k 400 k

1M 1M 1M 4M 4M 4M

20 M 20 M 20 M 80 M 80 M 80 M

20 k 400 k 16 M 320 M

Synchronization

Test Categories
Network element under test Jitter tolerance MTJ Jitter transfer or jitter gain JTF Output jitter intrinsic jitter Tributary jitter Pointer jitter SONET/SDH mapping jitter OTN mapping jitter ADM, DXC, Regenerator input ports Regenerator Network test Network test ADM, DXC, tributary O/P ports ADM, DXC, tributary O/P ports ADM, DXC, Client O/P ports Design verification & field trials Essential Essential Possible Possible Essential Essential Essential Manufacture Essential Essential Possible Possible Recommended Recommended Recommended Installation & commissioning Possible Recommended Essential Essential Recommended Recommended Recommended Operation & maintenance Recommended Possible Recommended Recommended Possible Possible Possible

(1)

In revised G.824 (02/00): 5 UIpp

Standard ITU-T G.8251 Bit rate Jitter limits Wide-band jitter/UIpp 0.3 0.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.01 UIrms (12 kHz) 0.01 UIrms (12 kHz) 0.01 UIrms (12 kHz) 0.01 UIrms (12 kHz) 0.3 0.1 (0.01 UIrms) 0.1 (0.01 UIrms) 0.1 (0.01 UIrms) 0.1 (0.01 UIrms) 0.1 (0.01 UIrms) 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 tbd 0.05 0.015 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 1.0 (0.3 UIrms) 1.0 (0.3 UIrms) 1.0 (0.3 UIrms) Jitter limits High-band jitter/UIpp 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.075 0.1 0.1 0.1

Combined Jitter
Limits for combined jitter (pointer & mapping jitter) G.783, GR-253 EN 300 417-1-1 DS1 DS3 2 Mbps 34 Mbps 140 Mbps Max. jitter [UIpp] 1.3 ... 1.9 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4 0.075 0.4 0.075 0.4 ... 0.75 0.075 High pass cutoff 10 Hz 8 kHz 10 Hz 30 kHz 20 Hz 18 kHz 100 Hz 10 kHz 200 Hz 10 kHz Low-pass cutoff 40 kHz 40 kHz 400 kHz 400 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz 800 kHz 800 kHz 3500 kHz 3500 kHz

SONET/SDH Mapping Jitter

Maximum mapping jitter as per ITU-T G.783 Bit rate 1.544 Mbps (DS1) 2.048 Mbps (E1) 34.368 Mbps (E3) 44.736 Mbps (DS3) Max. offset Max. jitter (p-p) High pass Low-pass +50 ppm +50 ppm +30 ppm +20 ppm 0.1 UI 0.075 UI 0.075 UI 0.1 UI 0.075 UI 8 kHz 18 kHz 10 kHz 30 kHz 10 kHz 40 kHz 100 kHz 800 kHz 400 kHz 3500 kHz

Equipment OTN OTN (SDH interfaces) SDH (TM, ADM, DXC etc.)

SDH regenerators

SSU clock

Jitter detector

Df14

High-band f3 f4 High pass 1 500 Hz 1 kHz 5 kHz 20 kHz 80 kHz 20 kHz High pass 2 65 kHz 250 kHz 1 MHz 4 MHz 16 MHz 16 MHz

Df34

Measured jitter amplitude in UIpp

PRC clock

PDH

OTU1 OTU2 OTU3 ITU-T G.8251 STM-16 STM-64 STM-256 ITU-T G.783 STM-1 ITU-T G.813 STM-4 ETSI EN 300 462-5-1 STM-16 STM-64 ANSI T1.105.03 OC-1 OC-3 OC-12 OC-48 OC-192 Telcordia GR-253 OC-1 OC-3 OC-12 OC-48 OC-192 ITU-T G.738 STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 STM-64 STM-256 ITU-T G.811 2048 kbps ETSI EN 300 462-6-1 1544 kbps ITU-T G.812 STM-1e ETSI EN 300 462-4-1 STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 2048 kbps 1544 kbps ITU-T G.735 2048 kbps ITU-T G.742 8448 kbps ITU-T G.751 34368 kbps 139264 kbps Telcordia GR-499 1544 kbps 6312 kbps 44763 kbps

139.264 Mbps +15 ppm (E4)

Determining combined jitter

REF

Analysis of mapping jitter at tributary outputs

REF

Jitter Measurement Filters for SDH/SONET and OTN Bit Rates

Wide-band f1 f4 Aspect Output jitter/wander network interfaces

Jitter/Wander Standards
Application OTN SDH SONET PDH 1.5 Mbps hierarchy PDH 2 Mbps hierarchy Synchronization OTN SDH/SONET (TM, ADM, DXC etc.) SDH/SONET regenerators PRC clock SSU clock PDH Mapping/pointer (combined) jitter/wander Jitter/wander tolerance SDH/SONET equipment OTN SDH/SONET PDH 1.5 Mbps hierarchy PDH 2 Mbps hierarchy OTN SDH/SONET PDH 1.5 Mbps hierarchy (MUXDEM) PDH 2 Mbps hierarchy (MUXDEM) Synchronization networks PDH systems SDH systems ITU-T G.8251 G.825 G.825 G.823 G.823 G.8251 G.813 G.783 G.811 G.812 G.735 G.742 G.751 G.783 G.8251 G.825 G.824 G.823 G.8251 G.783 G.705 G.810 O.171 O.172 ANSI T1.105.03 T1.102 T1.403 T1.404 T1.101 T1.105.03 T1.105.03 T1.105.03 T1.105.03 Telcordia GR-253 GR-499 GR-253 GR-499 GR-253 GR-253 GR-499 GR-253 GR-499 ETSI EN 302 084 EN 302 084 EN 300 462-3-1 EN 300 462-5-1 EN 300 462-6-1 EN 300 462-4-1 EN 300 462-7-1 EN 300 417-1-1 EN 302 084 EN 302 084 EN 300 462-1-1

Pointer simulation STN-N including E1

W E S T

Offset variation ADM

E A S T

STN-N loop

Tx Rx Jitter measurement E1

W E S T

ADM

E A S T

STN-N loop

Jitter measurement

E1

E1 tributaries

E1

E1 tributaries

STM-1/OC-3 STM-4/OC-12 STM-16/OC-48/OTU1 STM-64/OC-192/OTU2 STM-256/OC-768 OTU3

Low-pass 1.3 MHz 5 MHz 20 MHz 80 MHz 320 MHz 320 MHz

Output jitter/wander equipment interfaces

OTN Mapping Jitter

Maximum OTN mapping jitter as per ITU-T G.8251 Bit rate STM-N/OC-N Max offset OTU-N +20 ppm Max. jitter p-p for HP1-LP 1.0 UIpp Max. jitter p-p for HP2-LP 0.1 UIpp

Measuring the Output Jitter of Network Elements and Interfaces Tx Rx Jitter measurement Amplitude

Network element

Analysis of OTN mapping jitter OTU-N with mapped SONET/SDH client

60

c.

/de

c.

dB

20

Jiter/wander transfer

Network Jitter measurement

High-band

Wide-band

Definitions and terminology Jitter/wander measurement equipment

SONET/SDH

JITTER/PO/OPT/11-03/AE

Tx Rx

f1

20

OTN DUT

dB

/de

/de

dB

c.

f3

f4

Frequency