Name: Rebekah Naomi M. Nones June 11, 2012 Prof.

Rolando Fabreo Madeja

Rizal Family Orignally surnamed Mercado, the Rizal family, as it became later known, was one of the prominent and influential families of Calamba. The Mercados acquired their fortune through the industry of both Francisco and Teodora. They were the first to build a bahay na bato to own a carruaje (horse-drawn carriage); to maintain a personal library; and to send their children to colleges in Manila. Aside from being one of the wealthiest families in the town, they were also highly esteemed and were known for being hospitable and cultured, participating in many social, cultural and religious gatherings and events in their community. Rizal apparently came from a Chinese-Filipino descent Francisco Mercado Y Chinco. Francisco Mercado was born in Bian, Laguna on May 11, 1818. He took up Philosophy and Latin in the Colegio de San Jose in Manila. After his parents death, he moved to Calamba. There he became a tenant farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda and later became one of the towns wealthiest men. He was able to establish a private library and kept carriage. The name Francisco was in high honor in Laguna for it had belonged to a famous sea captain who had been given the ENCOMIENDA of BAY for his services. Rizals mother Teodora Alonso came from the clan of Lakan Dula, known as the last Malay king of Tondo. She was also traced to Eugenio Ursua whose ancestors came from Japan. She was the second daughter of Lorenzo Alberto Alonso who was a former representative of Spanish Cortes and Brigida de Quintos whose parents were Manuel de Quintos, of a well-known family in Pangasinan and Regina Ursua who was the daughter of Benigna and Eugene Ursua. As already noted, Teodora Alonso had a trace of Japanese ancestry. Moreover, she was of Ilocano-Tagalog-Chinese-Spanish descent. Combining the paternal and maternal ancestry, therefore Jose Rizal was born with Malay, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish lineages in his blood. Teodora Alonzo died on August 16, 1911 at the age of 84. A family of 13, they are paternally of Chinese ancestry and maternally descendants of a maharlika class. Jose Rizal was a mestizo from both East and West with blood from native, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish races.

Francisco Mercado (b. May 11, 1818 d. January 5, 1898), the father of Jose Rizal and considered the patriarch of the family, was a native of Bian, Laguna. He was an educated and industrious farmer who studied Latin and philosophy at Colegio de San Jose in Manila. Of Chinese ancestry, his great grandfather Domingo Lam-Co was a native of Chinchew (now Quanzhou), China who married the Filipina Ines de la Rosa. One of the couples' children was Francisco Mercado, who later married Cerila Bernacha. Bernacha gave birth to Juan Mercado who became Cerila Alejandro's husband and Francisco's father. Both Francisco's father, Juan, and grandfather, Francisco, became Capitanes or town mayors of Bian. Upon the death of his mother, Francisco moved to Calamba where he became a tenant and farmer of a large Dominican estate. On 28 June 1848, he married Teodora Alonzo Realonda. In 1850 he petitioned the court to change the family name to Rizal, with all their children being surnamed as such. Teodora Alonzo Realonda (b. November 8, 1826 d. August 16, 1911), a Manilea, was a highly educated Filipina who graduated from the Colegio de Santa Rosa. Of Spanish and

Japanese ancestry, Teodora was a talented woman whose interests lay in literature, culture, and business, and was well-versed in Spanish. She helped her husband in farming and in their business. She devoted herself to the children's education and growth as morallyupright individuals. Teodora's lineage can be traced to Lakandula, the greatest ruler of Tondo. Her great grandfather, who was of Japanese blood, was Eugenio Ursua (Ochoa). Her maternal grandfather was Manuel de Quintos who was a popular lawyer in his time, while her paternal grandfather was Cipriano Alonso who belonged to Bian's long list of Capitanes. Teodora was second child of Lorenzo Alberto Alonzo, an engineer and a recipient of the most sought decoration, the Knight of the Grand Order of Isabela the Catholic and Order of Carlos III; and Brigida de Quintos, a fair and well-educated lady. With her vision failing in old age, her son took up medicine, specializing in opthalmologoy, in order to cure her.

Saturnina Rizal (1850 1913), also known as Neneng, was the eldest of the Rizal children. She married Manuel Hidalgo, affectionately called "Maneng" by Rizal, who was a native of Tanauan,Batangas. Paciano Rizal (b. March 7, 1851 d. 1930) was the elder and only brother of Jose Rizal. Being a decade older than Rizal, Paciano became a second father to his sibling. He succeeded in sending the young Jose (Pepe) to Europe to study, giving the latter 700 pesos upon departure. During the younger years Paciano would continue supporting his brother financially. After the death of Jose, Paciano joined the Revolution and was later appointed general of the revolutionary forces in Laguna. His common-law wife was Severina Decena. He died in Los Baos, Laguna on April 13, 1930. Their only child Emiliana Rizal married her first cousin Antonio Rizal Lopez Jr., the son of Narcisa Rizal with Antonio Lopez Sr. Narcisa Rizal (1852 1939) was the third child of Francisco and Teodora. She was a teacher and a musician by profession, and married Antonino Lopez who was a school teacher in Morong, Rizal. Olympia Rizal (1855 1887) was the fourth child of the brood who married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila. Lucia Rizal (1857 1919) was the fifth child of the Rizal family who was married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba. She died in 1887. Maria Rizal (1859 1945) was the sixth of the eleven children who married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Bian, Laguna. Concepcion Rizal (1862 1865), also known as Concha, was the eight child of the Rizals, who died at the age of three. Josefa Rizal (1865 1945) was the ninth child and affectionately called Panggoy. She remained a spinster throughout her life.

Jose Rizal (June 19, 1861- December 30, 1896), later to become the Philippine national hero, was the second son and seventh child. Trinidad Rizal (1868 1951) was the tenth child who, like Josefa, died without a husband. Soledad Rizal (1870 1929) was the youngest of the brood who later married Pantaleon Quintero, a native of Calamba.

Rizal

Name: June Dale F. de Chavez June 11, 2012 Prof. Rolando Fabreo Madeja

The Mercado - Rizal Family The Rizals is considered one of the biggest families during their time. Domingo Lam-co, the family's paternal ascendant was a full-blooded Chinese who came to the Philippines from Amoy, China in the closing years of the 17th century and married a Chinese half-breed by the name of Ines de la Rosa. Researchers revealed that the Mercado-Rizal family had also traces of Japanese, Spanish, Malay and Even Negrito blood aside from Chinese. Jose Rizal came from a 13-member family consisting of his parents, Francisco Mercado II and Teodora Alonso Realonda, and nine sisters and one brother. FRANCISCO MERCADO (1818-1898) Father of Jose Rizal who was the youngest of 13 offsprings of Juan and Cirila Mercado. Born in Bian, Laguna on April 18, 1818; studied in San Jose College, Manila; and died in Manila. TEODORA ALONSO (1827-1913) Mother of Jose Rizal who was the second child of Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de Quintos. She studied at the Colegio de Santa Rosa. She was a business-minded woman, courteous, religious, hard-working and well-read. She was born in Santa Cruz, Manila on November 14, 1827 and died in 1913 in Manila. SATURNINA RIZAL (1850-1913) Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas. PACIANO RIZAL (1851-1930) Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at San Jose College in Manila; became a farmer and later a general of the Philippine Revolution. NARCISA RIZAL (1852-1939) The third child. married Antonio Lopez at Morong, Rizal; a teacher and musician. OLYMPIA RIZAL (1855-1887) The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in 1887 from childbirth. LUCIA RIZAL (1857-1919) The fifth child. Married Matriano Herbosa. MARIA RIZAL (1859-1945) The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Bian, Laguna. JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896) The second son and the seventh child. He was executed by the Spaniards on December 30,1896. CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865) The eight child. Died at the age of three. JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945) The ninth child. An epileptic, died a spinster. TRINIDAD RIZAL (1868-1951) The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the family to die. SOLEDAD RIZAL (1870-1929) The youngest child married Pantaleon Quintero.