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captured straight-down or ‘plan view’, the report is clear, concise and easy to understand because infrared images, visual
CAD® drawings are reconciled. Used are high-resolution infrared imagers and digital recording equipment.
e a little misleading, unless one understands and interprets the relative brightness and temperature of a given line correctly.
ame temperature from one end to the other that passes under different surfaces and materials can exhibit a variety of
or example, five different apparent temperatures will result from the same temperature line that runs under a grass-covered
ot, a concrete loading dock, a gravel-covered area and bare earth pathway.
ter (HTHW), medium temperature hot water (MTHW) and low temperature hot water (LTHW) lines benefit similarly to
ndensate return systems, with an associated degree of difficulty in surveying because of the declining temperature difference
water supply (CHWS) and Chilled water return (CHWR) lines are usually cooler than the surface temperature and can be
and leaks as well.
Example of mosaic thermal and visible image (red area box shown on next slide)
Example of mosaic thermal and visible image (steam line leaks)
Steam and condensate return lines heat the ground above the line (insulation failures)
Steam and condensate return lines heat the ground above the line (steam line leak)
Steam line leak and heated water leaking upward, to the ground surface
Buried chilled water line cools the surface above the line
Aerial Infrared Roof Imagery
ontamination often manifest themselves as warmer (lighter colored) areas that may be nebulous in shape and sometimes
though they are commonly found in linear or puddle-like shapes. The linear shapes many times follow low areas, drainage
ams. Puddle-like round or oblong shapes often form around roof penetrations such as mechanical equipment, standpipes,
t areas are lighter in color because the latent heat (from daylight sunshine) in the trapped water mass is greater than in the
n or roof substrate. After sunset when the roof structure cools down, wet areas of roof insulation and other materials
allowing our sensitive infrared cameras to detect the sources of heat and record them for later analysis.
moisture surveys while standing on the roof is not the best method because imagery from a walk-on survey is not as useful
me laws of physics apply to both aerial IR and on-roof IR. A dry roof, low winds and no rain are needed on the night of the
ndow" when the roof is radiating heat differently from wet and dry areas is longer with aerial infrared because slight
over large areas are recognizable. A high angle of view and high resolution are needed to produce usable imagery.
Example of mosaic thermal and visible image (red area box shown on next slide)
Example of entrained roof moisture in roofs
Example of 4” GRE thermal image of a roof
Example of thermal image, visible image and CAD drawing
Photograph
Thermograph
CAD Drawing
Example of mosaic visible image of a low-sloped roof
Example of mosaic thermal image of a low-sloped roof
Example of CAD drawing of a low-sloped roof
Example of mosaic visible image of a low-sloped roof with CAD drawing overlay
Example of mosaic thermal image of a low-sloped roof with CAD drawing overlay
Aerial Infrared Imagery of Waterways Systems
lines, storm water drain discharges and illegal taps into storm water drainage lines can often be identified by their thermal
g certain times of the year. As these sources of pollution leak, seep or empty into creeks, streams, rivers and lakes, their
rom their surroundings and they can be pinpointed accurately from the air. Cool temperatures (lower than 40 degrees F) and
hours) conditions are required. As a general rule, the lower the ground surface and the water surface temperatures, the more
rway will exhibit near homogenous temperature patterns except for areas where another liquid has joined the flow. This flow
s warm as compared to the surface water in a creek, stream, river or lake - particularly during cooler times of the year, due
the ground a short distance below the surface. Leaks from nearby lines often come to the surface through lateral transfer to a
ke bed, or to a slope leading down to the surface of the water. These leak areas and the warm plume of liquid joining and
h the body of water are visible in the thermal infrared spectrum due to the difference in temperatures of the two liquids. Late
ng are well suited to this type of inspection because of the cooler water temperatures (ground and surface waters) and
o view by foliage is minimized. Ground water seeps and outfalls of all types are also easily distinguishable for similar
IR image of a storm drain outfall (expanded view shown on next page)
IR image of a storm drain outfall
IR image of a storm drain outfall
ein are trademarked and copyrighted (1988-2007). All data, images or any other documentation is the exclusive property of Stockton Infrared Thermographic Services, Inc. (SITS). The
hic Services, Inc. ,” “SITS,” and other trade names, trademarks, service marks, logos and other commercial symbols (collectively the “Marks”) are hereby protected. All content, images,
pecifications, standards, procedures, software or other technology, whether patented, licensed, or designated by SITS, are and shall be the sole property of SITS. User shall have no right
xpress written consent of SITS.