...

is your concise programming guide for the HEIDENHAIN TNC 407, TNC 415 B and TNC 425 contouring controls. For more comprehensive information on programming and operating, refer to the TNC User's Guide. There you will find complete information on: the SL cycle group I (cycles 6, 14, 15, 16) Q-parameter programming the central tool file 3D tool compensation automatic tool measurement

Fundamentals ...................................................................

Contour Approach and Departure ..................................... 13 Path Functions .................................................................. 18 FK Free Contour Programming ......................................... 25 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats .................... Working with Cycles ......................................................... Simple Fixed Cycles .......................................................... SL Cycles .......................................................................... Coordinate Transformation Cycles .................................... Special Cycles ................................................................... 33 36 38 44 51 57

Certain symbols are used in the Pilot to denote specific types of information: Important note! Warning: danger for the user or the machine! The TNC and the machine tool must be prepared by the machine tool builder to perform these functions! Chapter in User's Manual where you will find more detailed information on the current topic. The information in this Pilot applies to TNCs with the following software numbers: Control NC Software Number TNC 407 TNC 415 B, TNC 425 TNC 415 F*, TNC 425 E*
*) Export version

Digitizing 3D Surfaces ....................................................... 59 Graphics and Status Displays ........................................... 65 ISO Programming ............................................................. 68 Miscellaneous Functions M .............................................. 72

280 580 04 280 540 04 280 560 04

Contents 3

The Pilot

Contents

Fundamentals

Fundamentals
Programs/ Files
See Introduction, File Management The TNC keeps its programs, tables and texts in files. A file designation consists of two components: THREAD2.H File name File type

Files in the TNC Programs in HEIDENHAIN format in ISO format Tables for Tools Datums Pallets Points Texts as ASCII files

File type .H .I

.T .D .P .PNT

Maximum length: see table at right 8, 12 or 16 characters*

.A

Creating a New Part Program

PGM NAME

Select file type .H Enter a new file name Select unit of measure for dimensions (mm or inches) Define the blank form (BLK) for graphics: Enter the spindle axis Enter coordinates of the MIN point: the smallest X, Y and Z coordinates Enter coordinates of the MAX point: the greatest X, Y and Z coordinates

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-50 2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
*) depending on machine parameter settings

See Introduction, the TNC 407

Show soft keys for setting the screen layout Mode of operation MANUAL OPERATION ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL Screen contents Positions Positions at left Status at right POSITIONING WITH MANUAL DATA INPUT Program Program at left Status at right PROGRAM RUN, FULL SEQUENCE PROGRAM RUN, SINGLE BLOCK TEST RUN Program Program at left Program structure at right Program at left Status at right Program at left Graphics at right Graphics
Continued
Positions at left, status at right Program at left, graphics at right

Fundamentals 5

Choosing the Screen Layout

Fundamentals

Mode of operation PROGRAMMING AND EDITING

Screen contents Program Program at left Program structure at right Program at left Programming graphics at right

Program at left, program structure at right

The dimensions are measured from the current datum. The tool moves to the absolute coordinates. Programmable axes in an NC block Linear motion: 3 or 5 axes (depending on machine or control) Circular motion: 2 linear axes in a plane or 3 linear axes with cycle 19 WORKING PLANE

Incremental Cartesian Coordinates

The dimensions are measured from the last programmed position of the tool. The tool moves by the incremental coordinates.

Fundamentals 7

Absolute Cartesian Coordinates

Fundamentals

Circle Center and Pole: CC

The circle center (CC) must be entered to program circular tool movements with the path function C (see page 21). CC is also needed to define the pole for polar coordinates. CC is entered in Cartesian coordinates*. An absolutely defined circle center or pole is always measured from the workpiece datum. An incrementally defined circle center or pole is always measured from the last programmed position of the workpiece.

Angle Reference Axis

Angles such as a polar coordinate angle PA or an angle of rotation ROT are measured from the angle reference axis. Working plane X/ Y Y/ Z Z/ X Ref. axis and 0 direction X Y Z

*Circle center in polar coordinates: See FK programming

Dimensions in polar coordinates are referenced to the pole (CC). A position in the working plane is defined by Polar coordinate radius PR = Distance of the position from the pole Polar coordinate angle PA = Angle from the angle reference axis to the straight line CC PR Incremental dimensions Incremental dimensions in polar coordinates are measured from the last programmed position. Programming polar coordinates Select the path function L Press the P key Answer the dialog prompts

Defining Tools
Tool data Every tool is designated by a tool number between 1 and 254 or, if you are using tool tables, by a tool name. Entering tool data You can enter the tool data (length L and radius R) in a tool table (centrally, Program TOOL.T) or within the part program in TOOL DEF blocks (locally)

Fundamentals 9

Polar Coordinates

Fundamentals

TOOL DEF

TOOL NUMBER TOOL LENGTH L TOOL RADIUS R

Program the tool length as its difference L to the zero tool: L>0: The tool is longer than the zero tool L<0: The tool is shorter than the zero tool With a tool presetter you can measure the actual tool length, then program that length.

Calling the tool data TOOL NUMBER or name TOOL WORKING SPINDLE AXIS: tool axis CALL SPINDLE SPEED S TOOL LENGTH OVERSIZE DL (e.g. to compensate wear) TOOL RADIUS OVERSIZE DR (e.g. to compensate wear)

Oversizes on an end mill

3 4 5 6

TOOL DEF 6 L+7.5 R+3 TOOL CALL 6 Z S2000 DL+1 DR+0.5 L Z+100 R0 FMAX L X-10 Y-10 R0 FMAX M6

10

Tool change Beware of tool collision when moving to the tool change position! The direction of spindle rotation is defined by M function: M3: Clockwise M4: Counterclockwise The maximum permissible oversize for tool radius or length is 99.999 mm!

The TNC compensates the length L and radius R of the tool during machining. Length compensation Beginning of effect: Tool movement in the spindle axis End of effect: Tool exchange or tool with the length L=0 Radius compensation Beginning of effect: Tool movement in the working plane with RR or RL End of effect: Execution of a positioning block with R0 Working without radius compensation (e.g. drilling): Tool movement with R0 S = Start; E = End

11

Fundamentals

Tool Compensation

Fundamentals

Datum Setting Without a 3D Touch Probe

During datum setting you set the TNC display to the coordinates of a known position on the workpiece: Insert a zero tool with known radius Select the MANUAL OPERATION or ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL mode Touch the reference surface in the tool axis with the tool and enter its length Touch the reference surface in the working plane with the tool and enter the position of the tool center

Datum Setting with a 3D Touch Probe

The fastest, simplest and most accurate way to set a datum is to use a HEIDENHAIN 3D touch probe. The following probe functions are provided by the MANUAL OPERATION and ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL modes of operation: Basic rotation Datum setting in one axis Datum setting at a corner

12

Datum setting at a circle center

Starting point PS PS lies outside of the contour and must be approached without radius compensation. Auxiliary point PH PH lies outside of the contour and is calculated by the TNC. The tool moves from the starting point P S to the auxiliary point PH in rapid traverse! First contour point PA and last contour point PE The first contour point PA is programmed in the APPR (approach) block. The last contour point is programmed as usual. End point PN PN lies outside of the contour and results from the DEP (departure) block. PN is automatically approached with R0.

Path Functions for Approach and Departure

APPR DEP

Press the soft key with the desired path function: Straight line with tangential connection Straight line perpendicular to the contour point Circular arc with tangential connection Straight line segment tangentially connected to the contour through an arc Program a radius compensation in the APPR block! DEP blocks set the radius compensation to 0!

13

Contour Approach and Departure

Contour Approach and Departure

Contour Approach and Departure

Approaching on a Straight Line with Tangential Connection

COORDINATES for the first contour point PA Distance LEN (length) from PH to PA Enter a length LEN > 0 TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION RR/RL/NO COMP

7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 8 APPR LT X+20 Y+20 LEN 15 RR F100 9 L X+35 Y+35

Approaching on a Straight Line Perpendicular to the First Contour Element

COORDINATES for the first contour point PA Distance LEN (length) from PH to PA Enter a length LEN > 0 RADIUS COMPENSATION RR/RL/NO COMP

7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 8 APPR LN X+10 Y+20 LEN 15 RR F100 9 L X+20 Y+35

14

COORDINATES for the first contour point PA RADIUS R Enter a radius R > 0 CIRCLE CENTER ANGLE (CCA) Enter a CCA > 0 TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION RR/RL/NO COMP

7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 8 APPR CT X+10 Y+20 CCA 180 R10 RR F100 9 L X+20 Y+35

Approaching Tangentially on an Arc and a Straight Line

COORDINATES for the first contour point PA RADIUS R Enter a radius R > 0 TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION RR/RL/NO COMP

7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 8 APPR LCT X+10 Y+20 R10 RR F100 9 L X+20 Y+35

15

Contour Approach and Departure

Approaching Tangentially on an Arc

Contour Approach and Departure

Departing Tangentially on a Straight Line

Distance LEN (length) from PE to PN Enter a length LEN > 0

23 L X+30 Y+35 RR F100 24 L Y+20 RR F100 25 DEP LT LEN 12.5 F100 M2

Departing on a Straight Line Perpendicular to the Last Contour Element

Distance LEN (length) from PE to PN Enter a length LEN > 0

23 L X+30 Y+35 RR F100 24 L Y+20 RR F100 25 DEP LN LEN+20 F100 M2

16

RADIUS R Enter a radius R > 0 CENTER ANGLE (CCA)

23 L X+30 Y+35 RR F100 24 L Y+20 RR F10 25 DEP CT CCA 180 R+8 F100 M2

Departing on an Arc Tangentially Connecting the Contour and a Straight Line

COORDINATES of the end point PN RADIUS R Enter a radius R > 0

23 L X+30 Y+35 RR F100 24 L Y+20 RR F100 25 DEP LCT X+10 Y+12 R8 F100 M2

17

Contour Approach and Departure

Departing Tangentially on an Arc

Path Functions

Path Functions for Positioning Blocks

See Programming Tool Movements. Programming the Direction of Traverse Regardless of whether the tool or the workpiece is actually moving, you always program as if the tool is moving and the workpiece is stationary. Entering the Target Positions Target positions can be entered in Cartesian or polar coordinates either as absolute or incremental values, or with both absolute and incremental values in the same block. Entries in the Positioning Block A complete positioning block contains the following data: Path function Coordinates of the contour element end points (target position) Radius compensation RR/RL/R0 Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Before you execute a part program, always pre-position the tool to prevent the possibility of damaging the tool or workpiece!

Path functions Straight line

L

Page 19

Chamfer between two straight lines

CHF

Page 20

Corner rounding

RND

Page 20

Circle center or pole for polar coordinates

CC

Page 21

Circular path around the circle center CC Circular path with known radius Circular path with tangential connection to previous contour

Page 21

CR

Page 22

CT

Page 23

18

COORDINATES of the straight line end point TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION RR/RL/NO COMP FEED RATE F MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION M

With Cartesian coordinates:

7 L X+10 Y+40 RL F200 M3 8 L IX+20 IY-15 9 L X+60 IY-10

With polar coordinates:

12 13 14 15 16

CC LP LP LP LP

X+45 Y+25 PR+30 PA+0 RR F300 M3 PA+60 IPA+60 PA+180

You must first define the pole CC before you can program polar coordinates! Program the pole CC only in Cartesian coordinates! The pole CC remains effective until you define a new one!

19

Path Functions

Straight Line

Path Functions

Inserting a Chamfer Between Two Straight Lines

CHF

CHAMFER SIDE LENGTH

7 L X+0 Y+30 RL F300 M3 8 L X+40 IY+5 9 CHF 12 10 L IX+5 Y+0

You cannot start a contour with a CHF block! The radius compensation before and after the CHF block must be the same! An inside chamfer must be large enough to accommodate the current tool!

Corner Rounding
The beginning and end of the arc extend tangentially from the previous and subsequent contour elements.
RND

RADIUS R of the circular arc FEED RATE F for corner rounding

5 6 7 8

L X+10 L X+40 RND R5 L X+10

Y+40 RL F300 M3 Y+25 F100 Y+5

20

An inside arc must be large enough to accommodate the current tool!

CC

COORDINATES of the circle center CC

COORDINATES of the arc end point DIRECTION OF ROTATION DR

C and CP enable you to program a complete circle in one block. With Cartesian coordinates:

5 CC X+25 Y+25 6 L X+45 Y+25 RR F200 M3 7 C X+45 Y+25 DR+

With polar coordinates:

18 CC X+25 Y+25 19 LP PR+20 PA+0 RR F250 M3 20 CP PA+180 DR+

Define the pole CC before programming polar coordinates! Program the pole CC only in Cartesian coordinates! The pole CC remains effective until you define a new one! The arc end point can be defined only with the polar coordinate angle (PA)!

21

Path Functions

Circular Path Around the Circle Center CC

Path Functions

Circular Path with Known Radius (CR)

CR

COORDINATES of the arc end point RADIUS R If the central angle ZW > 180, R is negative. If the central angle ZW < 180, R is positive. DIRECTION OF ROTATION DR Arc starting point Arc 1 or Arc 2

10 L X+40 Y+40 RL F200 M3 11 CR X+70 Y+40 R+20 DR11 CR X+70 Y+40 R+20 DR+

Arcs 1 and 2

Arcs 3 and 4

10 L X+40 Y+40 RL F200 M3 11 CR X+70 Y+40 R-20 DR11 CR X+70 Y+40 R-20 DR+

Arc starting point Arc 3 or Arc 4

22

CT

COORDINATES of the arc end point RADIUS COMPENSATION RR/RL/NO COMP FEED RATE F MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION M

With Cartesian coordinates:

5 6 7 8

L X+0 Y+25 RL F250 M3 L X+25 Y+30 CT X+45 Y+20 L Y+0

With polar coordinates:

12 13 14 15 16

CC X+40 Y+35 L X+0 Y+35 RL F250 M3 LP PR+25 PA+120 CTP PR+30 PA+30 L Y+0
Define the pole CC before programming polar coordinates! Program the pole CC only in Cartesian coordinates! The pole CC remains effective until you define a new one!

23

Path Functions

Circular Path CT with Tangential Connection

Path Functions

Helix (Only in Polar Coordinates)

Calculations (upward milling direction) Path revolutions: n = Thread revolutions + overrun at start and end of thread Total height: h = Pitch P x path revolutions n Incr. coord. angle: IPA = Path revolutions n x 360 Start angle: PA = Angle at start of thread + angle for overrun Start coordinate: Z = Pitch P x (thread revolutions + thread overrun at start of thread) Shape of helix Internal thread Work direction Right-hand Left-hand Right-hand Left-hand External thread Right-hand Left-hand Right-hand Left-hand Z+ Z+ Z Z DR+ DR DR DR+ RR RL RL RR Z+ Z+ Z Z Direction DR+ DR DR DR+ Radius comp. RL RR RR RL

M6 x 1 mm thread with 5 revolutions:

24

12 13 14 15

CC X+40 Y+25 L Z+0 F100 M3 LP PR+3 PA+270 RL CP IPA-1800 IZ+5 DR- RL F50

If the end point coordinates are not given in the workpiece drawing or if the drawing gives dimensions that cannot be entered with the gray path function keys, you can still program the part by using the FK Free Contour Programming. Possible data on a contour element: Known coordinates of the end point Auxiliary points on the contour element Auxiliary points near the contour element A reference to another contour element Directional data (angle) / position data Data regarding the course of the contour
These dimensions can be programmed with FK

To use FK programming properly: All contour elements must lie in the working plane. Enter all available data on each contour element. If a program contains both FK and conventional blocks, the FK contour must be fully defined before you can return to conventional programming.

25

FK Free Contour Programming

FK Free Contour Programming

FK Free Contour Programming

Working with the Interactive Graphics

Select the PGM+GRAPHICS screen layout! The interactive graphics show the contour as you are programming it. If the data you enter can apply to more than one solution, the following soft keys will appear: To show the possible solutions To enter the displayed solution in the part program To enter data for subsequent contour elements To graphically display the next programmed block Standard colors of the interactive graphics Fully defined contour element The displayed element is one of a limited number of possible solutions The element is one of an infinite number of solutions Contour element from a subprogram

26

Straight Circular Contour element without tangential connection Contour element with tangential connection Pole for FK programming

End Point Coordinates X, Y or PA, PR

Cartesian coordinates X and Y Polar coordinates referenced to FPOL Incremental input

7 FPOL X+20 Y+30 8 FL IX+10 Y+20 RR F100 9 FCT PR+15 IPA+30 DR+ R15

27

FK Free Contour Programming

Initiating the FK Dialog

FK Free Contour Programming

Circle Center (CC) in an FC/ FCT block

Cartesian coordinates of the circle center Polar coordinates of the circle center referenced to FPOL Incremental input

10 FC CCX+20 CCY+15 DR+ R15 11 FPOL X+20 Y+15 ... 13 FC DR+ R15 CCPR+35 CCPA+40

Auxiliary Points
... P1, P2, P3 on a contour For straight lines: up to 2 auxiliary points For circles: up to 3 auxiliary points ... next to a contour Coordinates of the auxiliary points Perpendicular distance

13 FC DR- R10 P1X+42.929 P1Y+60.071 14 FLT AN-70 PDX+50 PDY+53 D10

28

Data on a straight line Gradient angle of a straight line Length of a straight line

Data on a circular path Gradient angle of the entry tangent Length of an arc chord

27 FLT X+25 LEN 12.5 AN+35 RL F200 28 FC DR+ R6 LEN 10 AN-45 29 FCT DR- R15 LEN 15
Identifying a closed contour Beginning: CLSD+ End: CLSD

12 L X+5 Y+35 RL F500 M3 13 FC DR- R15 CLSD+ CCX+20 CCY+35 ... 17 FCT DR- R+15 CLSD-

29

FK Free Contour Programming

Direction and Length of the Contour Element

FK Free Contour Programming

Values Relative to Block N: Entering Coordinates

Cartesian coordinates relative to block N Polar coordinates relative to block N Relative data must be entered incrementally! CC can also be programmed in relative values!

12 13 14 15 16

FPOL X+10 Y+10 FL PR+20 PA+20 FL AN+45 FCT IX+20 DR- R20 CCA+90 RX 13 FL IPR+35 PA+0 RPR 13

30

Gradient angle Parallel to a straight contour element Parallel to the entry tangent of an arc Distance from a parallel element

Always enter relative values incrementally!

17 18 19 20 21 22

FL LEN 20 AN+15 FL AN+105 FL LEN 12.5 PAR 17 DP 12.5 FSELECT 2 FL LEN 20 IAN+95 FL IAN+220 RAN 18

31

FK Free Contour Programming

Values Relative to Block N: Direction and Distance of the Contour Element

FK Free Contour Programming

Values Relative to Block N: Circle Center CC

Cartesian coordinates of a circle center relative to block N Polar coordinates of the circle center relative to block N

Always enter relative data as incremental values!

12 13 14 15 16 17

FL X+10 Y+10 RL FL ... FL X+18 Y+35 FL ... FL ... FC DR- R10 CCA+0 ICCX+20 ICCY-15 RCCX12 RCCY14

32

Subprograms and program section repeats enable you to program a machining sequence once and then run it as often as needed.

Working with Subprograms 1 The main program runs up to the subprogram call CALL LBL1. 2 The subprogram labeled with LBL1 runs through to its end LBL0. 3 The main program resumes.
It's good practice to place subprograms after the main program end (M2). Answer the dialog prompt REP with the NOENT key! You cannot call LBL0! S = Jump; R = Return jump

Working with Program Section Repeats 1 The main program runs up to the call for a section repeat CALL
LBL1 REP2/2.

2 The program section between LBL1 and CALL LBL1 REP2/2 is

repeated the number of times indicated with REP.

3 After the last repetition the main program resumes.

Altogether, the program section is run once more than the number of programmed repeats!

33

Subprograms

Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

Subprograms

Subprogram Nesting: A Subprogram within a Subprogram 1 The main program runs up to the first subprogram call CALL LBL1. 2 Subprogram 1 runs up to the second subprogram call CALL LBL2. 3 Subprogram 2 runs to its end. 4 Subprogram 1 resumes and runs to its end. 5 The main program resumes.
A subprogram cannot call itself! Subprograms can be nested up to a maximum depth of 8 levels!

34

S = Jump; R = Return jump

The called program must not end with M2 or M30!

S = Jump; R = Return jump

35

Subprograms

A Main Program as a Subprogram 1 The calling program A runs up to the program call CALL PGM B. 2 The called program B runs through to its end. 3 The calling program A resumes.

Working with Cycles

Working with Cycles

Certain frequently needed machining sequences are stored in the TNC as cycles. Coordinate transformations and some special functions are also available as cycles. In a cycle, positioning data entered in the tool axis are always incremental, even without the I key! The algebraic sign of the cycle parameter DEPTH determines the working direction! Example

Simple Fixed Cycles 1 PECKING 2 TAPPING 17 RIGID TAPPING 18 THREAD CUTTING 3 SLOT MILLING 4 POCKET MILLING 5 CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING SL Cycles 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY 20 CONTOUR DATA 21 PILOT DRILLING 22 ROUGH-OUT 23 FLOOR FINISHING 24 SIDE FINISHING 25 CONTOUR TRAIN 27 CYLINDER SURFACE Page 45 Page 46 Page 47 Page 47 Page 48 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43

6 CYCL 7 CYCL 8 CYCL 9 CYCL ...

DEF DEF DEF DEF

1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3

PECKING SET UP +2 DEPTH -15 PECKG +10

Feed rates are entered in mm/min, the dwell time in seconds. Defining cycles Select the desired cycle: CYCL
DEF

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations 7 DATUM SHIFT 8 MIRROR IMAGE 10 ROTATION 19 WORKING PLANE 11 SCALING FACTOR 26 AXIS-SPECIFIC SCALING Special Cycles 9 DWELL TIME 12 PGM CALL 13 ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP Page 57 Page 57 Page 58 Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54 Page 55 Page 56

with the arrow keys, or

GOTO

press GOTO and enter the cycle number.

36

All other cycles go into effect when they are called through CYCL CALL: effective for one block M99: effective for one block M89: effective until canceled (depends on machine parameter settings)

37

Working with Cycles

Cycle call The following cycles are effective as soon as they are defined: Cycles for coordinate transformations DWELL TIME cycle The SL cycles CONTOUR GEOMETRY and CONTOUR DATA

Simple Fixed Cycles 38

Simple Fixed Cycles

PECKING (1)
CYCL DEF: Select cycle 1 PECKING SETUP CLEARANCE: A TOTAL HOLE DEPTH (distance from the workpiece surface to the bottom of the hole): B PECKING DEPTH: C DWELL TIME IN SECONDS FEED RATE F If TOTAL HOLE DEPTH = PECKING DEPTH, the tool drills the entire hole in one plunge.

6 CYCL DEF 1.0 PECKING 7 CYCL DEF 1.1 SET UP +2 8 CYCL DEF 1.2 DEPTH -15 9 CYCL DEF 1.3 PECKG +7.5 10 CYCL DEF 1.4 DWELL 1 11 CYCL DEF 1.5 F80 12 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M6 13 L X+30 Y+20 FMAX M3 14 L Z+2 FMAX M99 15 L X+80 Y+50 FMAX M99 16 L Z+100 FMAX M2

Insert the floating tap holder CYCL DEF: Select cycle 2 TAPPING SETUP CLEARANCE: A TOTAL HOLE DEPTH (thread length = distance between the workpiece surface and the end of the thread): B DWELL TIME IN SECONDS (a value between 0 and 0.5 seconds) FEED RATE F = Spindle speed S x thread pitch P For tapping right-hand threads, actuate the spindle with M3, for left-hand threads use M4!

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

CYCL DEF 2.0 TAPPING CYCL DEF 2.1 SET UP +3 CYCL DEF 2.2 DEPTH -20 CYCL DEF 2.3 DWELL 0.4 CYCL DEF 2.4 F100 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M6 L X+50 Y+20 FMAX M3 L Z+3 FMAX M99

39

Simple Fixed Cycles

TAPPING with Floating Tap Holder (2)

Simple Fixed Cycles

RIGID TAPPING (17)

Machine and TNC must be prepared by the machine tool builder to perform rigid tapping! In rigid tapping, the spindle speed is synchronized with the tool axis feed rate! CYCL DEF: Select cycle 17 RIGID TAPPING SETUP CLEARANCE: A TOTAL HOLE DEPTH (distance between workpiece surface and end of thread): B PITCH: C The algebraic sign determines the direction of the thread: Right-hand thread: + Left-hand thread:

THREAD CUTTING (18)

The machine and TNC must be prepared by the machine tool builder for THREAD CUTTING! The spindle speed is synchronized with the tool axis feed rate! CYCL DEF: Select cycle 18 THREAD CUTTING DEPTH (distance between workpiece surface and end of thread): B PITCH: C The algebraic sign: Right-hand thread: + Left-hand thread:

40

 This cycle requires either a center-cut end mill (ISO 1641) or pilot drilling at the starting point! The cutter diameter must be smaller than the slot width and larger than half the slot width! The tool must be pre-positioned over the midpoint of the slot and offset by the tool radius with tool radius compensation at R0 CYCL DEF: Select cycle 3 SLOT MILLING SAFETY CLEARANCE: A MILLING DEPTH (depth of the slot): B PECKING DEPTH: C FEED RATE FOR PECKING (traverse velocity for plunging) FIRST SIDE LENGTH ? (length of the slot): D The algebraic sign determines the first cutting direction SECOND SIDE LENGTH ? (width of the slot): E FEED RATE (for milling)

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+6 TOOL CALL 1 Z S1500 CYCL DEF 3.0 SLOT MILLING CYCL DEF 3.1 SET UP +2 CYCL DEF 3.2 DEPTH -15 CYCL DEF 3.3 PECKG +5 F80 CYCL DEF 3.4 X+50 CYCL DEF 3.5 Y+15 CYCL DEF 3.6 F120 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M6 L X+16 Y+25 R0 FMAX M3 L Z+2 M99

41

Simple Fixed Cycles

SLOT MILLING (3)

Simple Fixed Cycles

POCKET MILLING (4)

This cycle requires either a center-cut end mill (ISO 1641) or pilot drilling at the pocket center! The tool begins milling in the positive axis direction of the longer side. In square pockets it moves in the positive Y direction. The tool must be pre-positioned over the center of the slot with tool radius compensation R0 CYCL DEF: Select cycle 4 POCKET MILLING SET-UP CLEARANCE: A MILLING DEPTH (depth of the pocket): B PECKING DEPTH: C FEED RATE FOR PECKING FIRST SIDE LENGTH (length of the pocket, parallel to the first main axis of the working plane): D SECOND SIDE LENGTH (width of pocket, sign always positive): E FEED RATE ROTATION CLOCKWISE: DR Climb milling with M3: DR+ Up-cut milling with M3: DR ROUNDING-OFF RADIUS R (radius for the pocket corners)

42

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

CYCL DEF 4.0 POCKET MILLING CYCL DEF 4.1 SET UP+2 CYCL DEF 4.2 DEPTH-10 CYCL DEF 4.3 PECKG+4 F80 CYCL DEF 4.4 X+80 CYCL DEF 4.5 Y+40 CYCL DEF 4.6 F100 DR+ RADIUS 10 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M6 L X+60 Y+35 FMAX M3 L Z+2 FMAX M99

This cycle requires either a center-cut end mill (ISO 1641) or pilot drilling at pocket center! The tool must be pre-positioned over the center of the slot with tool radius compensation R0 CYCL DEF: Select cycle 5 SET-UP CLEARANCE: A MILLING DEPTH (depth of the pocket): B PECKING DEPTH: C FEED RATE FOR PECKING CIRCLE RADIUS R (radius of the pocket) FEED RATE ROTATION CLOCKWISE: DR Climb milling with M3: DR+ Up-cut milling with M3: DR

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

CYCL DEF 5.0 CIRCULAR POCKET CYCL DEF 5.1 SET UP +2 CYCL DEF 5.2 DEPTH -12 CYCL DEF 5.3 PECKG +6 F80 CYCL DEF 5.4 RADIUS 35 CYCL DEF 5.5 F100 DR+ L Z+100 R0 FMAX M6 L X+60 Y+50 FMAX M3 L Z+2 FMAX M99

43

Simple Fixed Cycles

CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING (5)

SL Cycles

SL Cycles
General Information SL cycles are useful when you wish to machine a contour consisting of several subcontours (up to 12 islands or pockets). The subcontours are defined in subprograms. When working with subcontours, always remember: For a pocket the tool machines an inside contour, for an island it is an outside contour! Tool approach and departure as well as infeed in the tool axis cannot be programmed in SL cycles! Each contour listed in Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY must be a closed contour! There is a limit to the amount of memory an SL cycle can occupy! A maximum of 128 straight line blocks, for example, can be programmed in an SL cycle. The contour for cycle 25 CONTOUR TRAIN must not be closed! Make a graphic test run before actually machining a part. That way you can be sure that you defined the contour correctly!

44

In Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY you list the subprograms that you wish to superimpose to make a complete closed contour. CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY LABEL NUMBERS FOR CONTOUR: List the LABEL numbers of the subprograms that you wish to superimpose to make a complete closed contour. Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY is effective immediately upon definition!

4 CYCL DEF 14.0 CONTOUR GEOM 5 CYCL DEF 14.1 CONTOUR LABEL 1/2/3 ... 36 L Z+200 R0 FMAX M2 37 LBL1 38 L X+0 Y+10 RR 39 L X+20 Y+10 40 CC X+50 Y+50 ... 45 LBL0 46 LBL2 ... 58 LBL0

A and B are pockets, C and D islands

45

SL Cycles

CONTOUR GEOMETRY (14)

SL Cycles

CONTOUR DATA (20)

Cycle 20 CONTOUR DATA defines the machining information for cycles 21 to 24. CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 20 CONTOUR DATA MILLING DEPTH Q1: Distance from workpiece surface to pocket floor; incremental PATH OVERLAP FACTOR Q2: Q2 x tool radius = stepover factor k ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE Q3: Finishing allowance for the walls of the pocket or island ALLOWANCE FOR FLOOR Q4: Finishing allowance for the pocket floor WORKPIECE SURFACE COORDINATE Q5: Coordinate of the workpiece surface referenced to the current datum; absolute SETUP CLEARANCE Q6: Distance from the tool to the workpiece surface; incremental CLEARANCE HEIGHT Q7: Height at which the tool cannot collide with the workpiece; absolute INSIDE CORNER RADIUS Q8: Rounding radius of the tool at inside corners DIRECTION OF ROTATION Q9: Clockwise Q9 = 1 Counter clockwise Q9 = +1 Cycle 20 CONTOUR DATA is effective immediately upon definition!

46

CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 21 PILOT DRILLING PECKING DEPTH Q10; incremental FEED RATE FOR PECKING Q11 ROUGH-OUT TOOL NUMBER Q13: Number of the roughing tool

ROUGH-OUT (22)
The tool moves parallel to the contour at every pecking depth. CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 22 ROUGH-OUT PECKING DEPTH Q10; incremental FEED RATE FOR PECKING Q11 FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q12

47

SL Cycles

PILOT DRILLING (21)

SL Cycles

FLOOR FINISHING (23)

During finishing, the surface is machined parallel to the contour and to the depth previously entered under ALLOWANCE FOR FLOOR. CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 23 FLOOR FINISHING FEED RATE FOR PECKING Q11 FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q12

SIDE FINISHING (24)

Finishing the individual contour elements CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 24 SIDE FINISHING DIRECTION OF ROTATION? CLOCKWISE = 1 Q9: Clockwise Q9 = 1 Counterclockwise Q9 = +1 PECKING DEPTH Q10; incremental FEED RATE FOR PECKING Q11 FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q12 FINISHING ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE Q14: Allowance for finishing in several passes The sum of Q14 + finishing mill radius must be smaller than the sums Q3 (Cycle 20) + roughing tool radius! Call Cycle 22 ROUGH-OUT before calling Cycle 24!

48

This cycle is for entering data for machining an open contour that has been defined in a contour subprogam. CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 25 CONTOUR TRAIN MILLING DEPTH Q1; incremental ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE Q3: Finishing allowance in the working plane WORKPIECE SURFACE COORDINATE Q5: Coordinate referenced to the workpiece datum; absolute CLEARANCE HEIGHT Q7: Height at which the tool cannot collide with the workpiece; absolute PECKING DEPTH Q10; incremental FEED RATE FOR PECKING Q11 FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q12 CLIMB OR UP-CUT ? UP-CUT = 1 Q15 Climb milling: Q15 = +1 Up-cut milling: Q15 = 1 Alternately in reciprocating cuts: Q15 = 0 Cycle 14 CONTOUR can have only one label number. A subprogram can hold no more than 128 line segments.

49

SL Cycles

CONTOUR TRAIN (25)

SL Cycles

CYLINDER SURFACE (27)

This cycle requires a center-cut end mill (ISO 1641)! Cycle 27 CYLINDER SURFACE enables you to program a cylindrical contour in only two axes, as if in a plane. The TNC then rolls it onto a cylindrical surface. Define a contour in a subprogram and list it in Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 27 CYLINDER SURFACE MILLING DEPTH Q1 FINISHING ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE Q3: Enter the finishing allowance (Either Q3>0 or Q3<0) SET-UP CLEARANCE ? Q6: Distance from the tool to the workpiece PECKING DEPTH Q10 FEED RATE FOR PECKING Q11 FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q12 CYLINDER RADIUS Q16: Radius of the cylinder DIMENSION TYPE? DEG=0 MM/INCH=1 Q17: You can enter coordinates in the subprogram in degrees or millimeters The machine and TNC must be prepared for the CYLINDER SURFACE cycle by the machine tool builder! The workpiece must be set up concentrically on the rotary table! The tool axis must be perpendicular to the axis of the rotary table! Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY can have only one label number! A subprogram can hold no more than 128 line segments!

The unrolled contour

50

Cycles for coordinate transformation permit contours to be Shifted Mirrored Rotated (in the plane) Tilted out of the plane Enlarged or reduced Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT Cycle 8 MIRROR IMAGE Cycle 10 ROTATION Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE Cycle 11 SCALING

Cycles for coordinate transformation are effective upon definition until they are reset or redefined. The original contour should be defined in a subprogram. Input values can be both absolute and incremental.

DATUM SHIFT (7)

CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT Enter the coordinates of the new datum or the number of the datum from the datum table. To cancel a datum shift: Re-enter the cycle definition with the input value 0.

9 CALL LBL1 10 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT 11 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+60 12 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+40 13 CALL LBL1

Call the part subprogram

Call the part subprogram

When combining transformations, the datum shift must be programmed before the other transformations!

51

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations

Cycles for Coordinate Transformation

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations

MIRROR IMAGE (8)

CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 8 MIRROR IMAGE Enter the MIRROR IMAGE AXIS: Either X, Y, or both To reset the mirror image, re-enter the cycle definition with NO ENT.

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

CALL CYCL CYCL CYCL CYCL CYCL CALL

LBL1 DEF 7.0 DEF 7.1 DEF 7.2 DEF 8.0 DEF 8.1 LBL1

DATUM SHIFT X+60 Y+40 MIRROR IMAGE Y

The tool axis cannot be mirrored! The cycle always mirrors the original contour (in this example in subprogram LBL1)!

52

CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 10 ROTATION Enter the ROTATION ANGLE: Input range 360 to +360 Reference axes for the rotation angle Working plane X/ Y Y/ Z Z/ X Reference axis and 0 direction X Y Z

To reset a ROTATION, re-enter the cycle with the rotation angle 0.

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

CALL CYCL CYCL CYCL CYCL CYCL CALL

LBL1 DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT DEF 7.1 X+60 DEF 7.2 Y+40 DEF 10.0 ROTATION DEF 10.1 ROT+35 LBL1

53

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations

Rotation (10)

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations

WORKING PLANE (19)

Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE supports machining operations with a swivel head and/or tilting table. Call the tool Retract the tool in the tool axis (to prevent collision) Position the rotary axis to the desired angle with an L-block CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE Enter the ROTARY AXIS AND ANGLE Activate compensation: move all the axes Program the contour as if the plane were not tilted To cancel the WORKING PLANE cycle, re-enter the cycle definition with a 0 angle. The machine and TNC must be prepared for the WORKING PLANE cycle by the machine tool builder!

4 TOOL CALL 1 Z S2500 5 L Z+350 R0 FMAX 6 L B+10 C+90 R0 FMAX 7 CYCL DEF 19.0 WORKING PLANE 8 CYCL DEF 19.1 B+10 C+90 9 L Z+200 R0 F1000 10 L X-50 Y-50 R0

54

CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 11 SCALING Enter the scaling FACTOR (SCL): Input range 0.000001 to 99.999999: To reduce the contour ... SCL < 1 To enlarge the contour ... SCL > 1 To cancel the SCALING, re-enter the cycle definition with SCL1.

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

CALL CYCL CYCL CYCL CYCL CYCL CALL

LBL1 DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT DEF 7.1 X+60 DEF 7.2 Y+40 DEF 11.0 SCALING DEF 11.1 SCL 0.75 LBL1

SCALING can be effective in the working plane only or in all three main axes (depending on machine parameter 7410)!

55

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations

SCALING (11)

Cycles for Coordinate Transformations

AXIS-SPECIFIC SCALING (26)

CYCL DEF: Select Cycle 20 AXIS-SPEC. SCALING AXIS and FACTOR: Coordinate axes and factors for extending or compressing contour dimensions CENTERPOINT COORD. OF EXTENSION: Center of the extension or compression To cancel the AXIS-SPEC. SCALING, re-enter the cycle definition assigning the factor 1 to the affected axes. Coordinate axes sharing coordinates for arcs must be extended or compressed by the same scaling factor!

25 26 27 28

CALL CYCL CYCL CALL

LBL1 DEF 26.0 AXIS-SPEC. SCALING DEF 26.1 X 1.4 Y 0.6 CCX+15 CCY+20 LBL1

56

DWELL TIME (9)

The program run is interrupted for the duration of the DWELL TIME. CYCL DEF: Select cycle 9 DWELL TIME Enter the DWELL TIME IN SECONDS.

48 CYCL DEF 9.0 DWELL TIME 49 CYCL DEF 9.1 DWELL 0.5

PGM CALL (12)

CYCL DEF: Select cycle 12 PGM CALL Enter the name of the program that you wish to call Cycle 12 PGM CALL must be called to become active!

7 CYCL DEF 12.0 PGM CALL 8 CYCL DEF 12.1 LOT31 9 L X+37.5 Y-12 R0 FMAX M99

57

Special-Cycles

Special Cycles

Special-Cycles

Spindle ORIENTATION
CYCL DEF: Select cycle 13 ORIENTATION Enter the ORIENTATION ANGLE referenced to the angle reference axis of the working plane: Input range 0 to 360 Input resolution 0.1 Call the cycle with M19 The machine and TNC must be prepared for spindle ORIENTATION by the machine tool builder!

12 CYCL DEF 13.0 ORIENTATION 13 CYCL DEF 13.1 ANGLE 90

58

The machine and TNC must be prepared for digitizing by the machine tool builder! The TNC features the following cycles for digitizing with a measuring touch probe: Fix the scanning range: TCH PROBE 5 RANGE TCH PROBE 15 RANGE Digitize in reciprocating lines: TCH PROBE 16 MEANDER Digitize level by level: TCH PROBE 17 CONTOUR LINES Digitize in unidirectional lines: TCH PROBE 18 LINE The digitizing cycles can be programmed only in plain language dialog. They can be programmed for the main axes X, Y and Z as well as for the rotary axes A, B and C. Digitizing is not possible while coordinate transformations or a basic rotation is active! Digitizing cycles need not be called. They are effective immediately upon definition! Selecting digitizing cycles
TOUCH PROBE

Call an overview of touch probe functions

Select with the arrow keys, or

GOTO

Press GOTO and enter the cycle number

59

Digitizing

Digitizing 3D Surfaces

Digitizing

Digitizing Cycle RANGE (5)

Define the data transmission interface TOUCH PROBE: Select Cycle 5 RANGE PGM NAME FOR DIGITIZED DATA: Enter a name for the NC program in which the digitized data should be stored. TCH PROBE AXIS: Enter the axis of the touch probe MIN. POINT OF RANGE MAX. POINT OF RANGE CLEARANCE HEIGHT: Height at which the stylus cannot collide with the model surface: Z S

5 6 7 8 9

TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

PROBE PROBE PROBE PROBE PROBE

5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4

RANGE PGM NAME: DIGI1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z+0 X+100 Y+100 Z+20 HEIGHT: +100

60

Define the data transmission interface TOUCH PROBE: Select Cycle 15 RANGE PGM NAME FOR DIGITIZED DATA: Enter a name for the NC program in which the digitized data should be stored. TCH PROBE AXIS: Enter the axis of the touch probe PGM NAME FOR RANGE DATA: The name of the point table in which the range is defined MIN POINT TCH PROBE AXIS: The minimum point in the touch probe axis MAX POINT TCH PROBE AXIS: The maximum point in the touch probe axis CLEARANCE HEIGHT: Height at which the stylus cannot collide with the model surface: Z S

5 6 7 8

TCH TCH TCH TCH

PROBE PROBE PROBE PROBE

15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3

RANGE PGM DIGIT.: DATA Z PGM RANGE: TAB1 MIN:+0 MAX:+35 HEIGHT:+125

61

Digitizing

Digitizing Cycle RANGE (15)

Digitizing

Digitizing Cycle MEANDER (16)

Cycle 16 MEANDER is for digitizing a 3D contour in a series of back-and-forth line movements. Define Cycle 5 RANGE or 15 RANGE TOUCH PROBE: Select Cycle 16 MEANDER LINE DIRECTION: Coordinate axis in whose positive direction the probe moves after touching the first contour point SCANNING ANGLE: Direction of touch probe traverse relative to the axis entered in LINE DIRECTION FEED RATE F: Maximum digitizing feed rate MIN. LINE SPACING: Minimum distance moved forward to start the next line at steep surfaces LINE SPACING: Max. distance moved forward to start the next line MAX. PROBE POINT INTERVAL TOLERANCE VALUE: The TNC suppresses the storage of probe points whose distance from a straight line defined by the last two stored points is less than the TOLERANCE VALUE. The LINE SPACING and MAX. PROBE POINT INTERVAL cannot exceed 20 mm! Set a LINE DIRECTION that is as perpendicular as possible to surface inclinations!

P: PP.INT = Probe point interval L: L. SPAC = Line spacing

7 TCH PROBE 16.0 MEANDER 8 TCH PROBE 16.1 DIRECTN X 9 TCH PROBE 16.2 F1500 MIN.L.SPAC:0.2 L.SPAC:0.5 PP.INT:0.5 TOL:0.1

62

Cycle 17 CONTOUR LINES enables you to digitize a 3D surface level by level. Define Cycle 5 RANGE or 15 RANGE TOUCH PROBE: Select Cycle 17 CONTOUR LINES TIME LIMIT: If the touch probe has not orbited the model and returned to the first touch point within this time, the TNC will terminate the cycle. If you do not want a time limit, enter 0. STARTING POINT: Coordinates of the starting position AXIS AND DIRECTION OF APPROACH: Coordinate axis and direction in which the probe approaches the model STARTING PROBE AXIS AND DIRECTION: Coordinate axis and direction in which the probe begins scanning the model FEED RATE F: Maximum digitizing feed rate MIN. LINE SPACING: Minimum height moved to start the next line at slightly inclined surfaces LINE SPACING AND DIRECTION: Maximum height moved to start the next contour line MAX. PROBE POINT INTERVAL TOLERANCE VALUE: The TNC suppresses the storage of probe points whose distance from a straight line defined by the last two stored points is less than the TOLERANCE VALUE. The LINE SPACING and MAX. PROBE POINT INTERVAL cannot exceed 20 mm!

P: PP. INT = Probe point interval L: L. SPAC = Line spacing

10 11 12 13

TCH PROBE 17.0 CONTOUR LINES TCH PROBE 17.1 TIME: 200 X+50 Y+0 TCH PROBE 17.2 ORDER Y+/X+ TCH PROBE 17.3 F1000 MIN.L.SPAC: 0.2 L.SPAC:0.5 PP.INT:0.5 TOL:0.1

63

Digitizing

Digitizing Cycle CONTOUR LINES (17)

Digitizing

Digitizing Cycle LINE (18)

Cycle 18 LINE is for digitizing a 3D surface in lines in one direction. It was developed mainly for digitizing with rotary axes. Define Cycle 5 RANGE or 15 RANGE TOUCH PROBE: Select Cycle 18 LINE LINE DIRECTION: Coordinate axis of the digitizing lines. SCANNING ANGLE: Direction of touch probe traverse relative to the axis entered in LINE DIRECTION HEIGHT FOR FEED RATE REDUCTION: Coordinate in the tool axis at which at the start of each line the TNC switches from rapid traverse to the probing feed rate. FEED RATE F: Maximum digitizing feed rate MIN. LINE SPACING: Minimum distance moved forward to start the next line at steep surfaces LINE SPACING AND DIRECTION: Maximum distance moved to start the next line MAX. PROBE POINT INTERVAL TOLERANCE VALUE: The TNC suppresses the storage of probe points whose distance from a straight line defined by the last two stored points is less than the TOLERANCE VALUE.

The LINE SPACING and MAX. PROBE POINT INTERVAL cannot exceed 20 mm!

64

10 TCH PROBE 18.0 LINE 11 TCH PROBE 18.1 DIRECTN X ANGLE:+0 HEIGHT:+125 12 TCH PROBE 18.2 F1000 MIN.L.SPAC:0.2 L.SPAC:0.5 PP.INT:0.5 TOL:0.1

See Graphics and Status Displays

Defining the Workpiece in the Graphic Window

The dialog prompt for the BLK-FORM appears automatically whenever you create a new part program. Create a new program or, if you are already in a program, press the soft key BLK FORM Spindle axis MIN and MAX POINT The following is a selection of frequently needed functions.

Interactive Programming Graphics

Select the PGM+GRAPHICS screen layout! The TNC can generate a two-dimensional graphic of the contour while you are programming it: Generates the graphic during programming Restarts the graphic from block 1

65

Graphics and Status Displays

Graphics and Status Displays

Graphics and Status Displays

Test Graphics and Program Run Graphics

Select the GRAPHICS or PGM+GRAPHICS screen layout! In the TEST RUN and program run modes the TNC can graphically simulate the machining process. The following display types are available via soft key: Plan view Projection in three planes 3D view

66

Select the PGM+STATUS or POSITION+STATUS screen layout! In the program run modes a window in the lower part of the screen shows information on Tool position Feed rate Active M functions Further status information is available via soft key for display in an additional window: Program information Tool positions Tool data Coordinate transformations Tool measurement

67

Graphics and Status Displays

Status Displays

ISO Programming

ISO Programming
Programming Tool Movements with Cartesian Coordinates G00 G01 G02 G03 G05 G06 G07* Linear motion in rapid traverse Linear motion Circular motion, clockwise Circular motion, counterclockwise Circular motion without directional data Circular movement with tangential contour connection Paraxial positioning block Standard Fixed Cycles G83 G84 G85 G86 G74 G75 G76 G77 G78 Pecking Tapping Rigid tapping Thread cutting Slot milling Rectangular pocket milling, clockwise machining direction Rectangular pocket milling, counterclockwise machining direction Circular pocket milling, clockwise machining direction Circular pocket milling, counterclockwise machining direction

Programming Tool Movements with Polar Coordinates G10 G11 G12 G13 G15 G16 Linear motion in rapid traverse Linear motion Circular motion, clockwise Circular motion, counterclockwise Circular motion without directional data Circular movement with tangential contour connection

SL Cycles, Group I G37 G56 G57 G58 G59 List of contour subprograms Pilot drilling Rough-out Contour milling, clockwise Contour milling, counterclockwise

68

*) Effective blockwise

G37 G120 G121 G122 G123 G124 G125 G127

List of contour subprograms Contour data Pilot drilling Rough-out Floor finishing Side finishing Contour train Cylinder surface

G17 G18 G19 G20

X / Y working plane, tool axis Z Z /X working plane, tool axis Y Y/ Z working plane, tool axis X Fourth axis is tool axis

Chamfer, Rounding, Approach/Departure G24* G25* G26* G27* Chamfer with side length R Corner rounding with radius R Tangential contour approach on an arc with radius R Tangential contour departure on an arc with radius R

Coordinate Transformations G53 G54 G28 G73 G72 G80 Datum shift from datum tables Entering datum shift directly Mirror image Rotating the coordinate system Scaling factor: enlarging/reducing contours Working plane

Tool Definition G99* Tool definition in the program with length L and radius R

Tool Radius Compensation G40 G41 G42 G43 G44 No radius compensation Radius compensation to the left of the contour Radius compensation to the right of the contour Paraxial radius compensation: the path is lengthened Paraxial radius compensation: the path is shortened

Special Cycles G04* G36 G39 G79* Dwell time Oriented spindle stop Designating a program as a cycle Cycle call

*) Effective blockwise

69

ISO Programming

SL Cycles, Group II

Defining the Working Plane

ISO Programming

Dimensional Data G90 G91 Absolute dimensions Incremental (chain) dimensions

Q Parameter Functions D00 D01 D02 D03 D04 D05 D06 D07 D08 D13 D09 D10 D11 D12 D14 D15 D19 D68D99 Assign a value directly Calculate and assign the sum of two values Calculate and assign the difference of two values Calculate and assign the product of two values Calculate and assign the quotient of two values Calculate and assign the root from a value Calculate and assign the sine of an angle in degrees Calculate and assign the cosine of an angle in degrees Calculate and assign the square root of the sum of two squares (Pythagorean theorem) Find and assign an angle from the arc tangent of two sides or from the sine and cosine of an angle If equal, jump to the given label If not equal, jump to the given label If greater than, jump to the given label If less than, jump to the given label Output text to screen Output text or parameter contents through the data interface Transfer numerical values or Q parameters to the PLC Call the user cycles

Unit of Measure (at Beginning of Program) G70 G71 Inches Millimeters

Blank Form Definition for Graphics G30 G31 Setting the working plane, MIN point coordinates Dimensional data (with G90, G91), coordinates of the MAX point

Other G functions G29 G38 G51* G55* G98* Define last nominal position value as pole Stopping the program run Calling the next tool (only with central tool file) Automatic measurement with the 3D touch probe Setting a label number

70

*) Effective blockwise

% A B C D E F F F G H H I J K L L L M N P P Q

Program beginning Swivelling axis around X Swivelling axis around Y Rotary axis around Z Define Q-parameter functions, Call the user cycles Tolerance for rounding arc with M112 Feed rate in mm/min in positioning blocks Dwell time in seconds with G04 Scaling factor with G72 G functions (see list of G functions) Polar coordinate angle Angle of rotation with G73 X coordinate of the circle center or pole Y coordinate of the circle center or pole Z coordinate of the circle center or pole Label number with G98 Jump to a label number Tool length with G99 Miscellaneous function Block number Cycle parameter for fixed cycles Value or Q parameter with Q parameter definitions Variable Q parameter

R R R R R S S T T T U V W X Y Z *

Polar coordinate radius with G10/G11/G12/ G13/G15/G16/ Circle radius with G02/G03/G05 Corner radius with G25/G26/G27 Chamfer length with G24 Tool radius with G99 Spindle speed in rpm Angle for spindle orientation with G36 Tool number with G99 Tool call Call next tool with G51 Parallel axis to X Parallel axis to Y Parallel axis to Z X axis Y axis Z axis Character for end of block

71

ISO Programming

Addresses

Miscellaneous Functions

Miscellaneous Functions M
M00 M02 Stop program run/Stop spindle/Coolant off Stop program run/Stop spindle/Coolant off Jump back to block 1/Clear status display (depending on machine parameters) Spindle on clockwise Spindle on counterclockwise Stop spindle Tool change/Stop program run (depending on machine parameters) Stop spindle Coolant on Coolant off Spindle on clockwise/Coolant on Spindle on counterclockwise/Coolant on Same function as M02 Vacant miscellaneous function or Cycle call, modally effective (depending on machine parameters) Constant contour speed at corners (effective only in lag mode) Within the positioning block: Coordinates are referenced to the machine datum Within the positioning block: The coordinates are referenced to a position defined by the machine tool builder Reserved Reduce rotary axis display to a value below 360 M95 M96 M97 M98 M99 M101 M102 M103 M105 M106 M107 M108 M109 M110 M111 M112 M113 M114 M115 M116 M118 Reserved Reserved Machine small contour steps Suspend tool path compensation Cycle call, effective blockwise Automatic tool change after tool lifetime expires Reset M101 Reduce the feed rate during plunging to factor F Machine with first kV factor Machine with second kV factor See User's Manual Reset M107 Constant contouring speed of tool cutting edge on arcs (increasing and decreasing the feed rate) Constant contouring speed of tool cutting edge on arcs (only decreasing the feed rate) Reset M109/M110 Insert a rounding arc between two lines, with tolerance and limit angle Reset M112 See User's Manual Reset M114 Feed rate for rotary axes in mm/min Superimpose handwheel positioning during program run

M03 M04 M05 M06 M08 M09 M13 M14 M30 M89

M90 M91 M92

72

M93 M94

M124* Ignore points when calculating the rounding arc with M112 M126 Short-path traverse of rotary axes M127 Reset M126 M200* Miscellaneous function for laser cutting machines M204* See User's Manual ....

*) Only with conversational programming

73

Miscellaneous Functions