PROJECT ON:

HOME AUTOMATION & SECURITY

BY VARUN GARG VAINHAV GOEL NAVEEN KUMAR RAHUL

Acknowledgments
First of all I would like to thank my project supervisor Mr. Prateek and Mr. Aman & for helping me get started by purchasing the equipment I required for the project and for his continuous guidance and support. I would also like to thank Mr. Rajesh for providing us the sufficient knowledge about

Microcontrollers and softwares for coding them which is very useful for the project.

Finally I would like to thank my family and friends for putting up with my constant moaning about the project and supporting me through the difficult times!

Abstract
Home Automation is a way to have things around your home happen automatically. The first thing that comes to mind when folks think of home automation are robots, flashing lights, complicated electronics and a general feeling that their home is less of a warm home and more of a cold science experiment. However, in most homes today, you can easily find some simple forms of automation such as: Garage door openers ,Remote Controls, Irrigation / sprinkler control systems ,Motion activated lights, Security systems ,Programmable thermostats ,Programmable light timers If you want to keep going, you can throw in dishwasher, clothes washers and dryers, ovens, microwaves, cars, lights and switches. The list goes on and on. You may not think of a dishwasher or light switch as home automation, but compared to washing dishes by hand and striking a match to light a candle ever time you enter a room, it's defiantly automation. However, each of these things was designed to help us do some complicated, strenuous, unpleasant, or repetitious action automatically. The term 'Home Automation' today applies to the next level of automating home electronics.

Why automate your home?

The simple answer is just to make life easier. We invented TV remote controls so we didn't have to get out of the chair to change the channel. Some people now own complex media systems that require the owner to press 10 different buttons on 5remotes just to watch Oprah.

What if you could?

Press one button on a remote control and have it dim the lights, set the volume level, and start playing a movie and music which you desire. Not have the sprinklers turn on if it just rained. Get emails sent to you at work or on your cell phone if a motion detector or security

system is tripped while out of the house. Get emails sent to you with the caller ID information of a call received at your house when out. Automatically turn the lights on in the house when the garage door goes up and it's after sundown. Automatically turn the front porch lights on 1/2 hour before sundown every day (and automatically adjust for daylight savings). Automatically close the garage doors every night. Automatically turn on holiday lights at specific times (all at once). The full list is limited to imagination and a family's lifestyle.

Table of Contents
1. Project Overview and Benefits 2. Why we selected this topic 3. List of Materials used and Cost 4. Software Implementation 5. Hardware Implementation a. Home Security i. Procedure 1. Diagram 2. Code b. Home Automation i. Procedure 1. Diagram 2. Code 3. Flowchart 6. Component Descriptions & Block Diagram 7. Development in this Sector 8. Various Challenges Faced 9. Scope of Home Automation in India 10. Problems Being Faced Today 11. Conclusion 12. Future Scope 13. Health, Safety and Environmental Issues 14. Course Suggestions 15. Bibliography

Project overview and benefits

In modern construction in industrialized nations, homes have been wired for electrical power, telephones, TV outlets (cable or antenna), and a doorbell. Many household tasks were automated by the development of special appliances. For instance, automatic washing machines were developed to reduce the manual labor of cleaning clothes, and water heaters reduced the labor necessary for bathing. Other traditional household tasks, like food preservation and preparation have been automated in large extent by moving them into factory settings, with the development of pre-made, pre-packaged foods, and in some countries, such as the United States, increased reliance on commercial food preparation services, such as fast food restaurants. Volume and the factory setting allows forms of automation that would be impractical or too costly in a home setting. Standardized foods enable possible further automation of handling the food within the home. The use of gaseous or liquid fuels, and later the use of electricity enabled increased automation in heating, reducing the labor necessary to fuel heaters and stoves. Development of thermostats allowed more automated control of heating, and later cooling. A remote control for moving vessels and vehicles was first patented by Nikola Tesla in 1898. World's Fairs in Chicago (1934), New York (1939) and (196465) depicted electrified and automated homes. In 1966 Jim Sutherland, an engineer working

for Westinghouse Electric, developed a home automation system called "ECHO IV"; this was a private project and never commercialized. With the invention of the microcontroller, the cost of electronic control fell rapidly. Remote and intelligent control technologies were adopted by the building services industry and appliance manufacturers worldwide, as they offer the end user easily accessible and/or greater control of their products. By the late 90's, domotics was commonly used to describe any system in which informatics and telematics were combined to support activities in the home.[7] The phrase appears to be a portmanteau word formed from domus (Latin, meaning house) and informatics, and therefore refers specifically to the application of computer and robot technologies to domestic appliances. As the number of controllable devices in the home rises, interconnection and communication becomes a useful and desirable feature. For example, a furnace can send an alert message when it needs cleaning, or a refrigerator when it needs service. Rooms will become "intelligent" and will send signals to the controller when someone enters. If no one is supposed to be home and the alarm system is set, the system could call the owner, or the neighbors, or an emergency number. In simple installations this may be as straightforward as turning on the lights when a person enters the room. In advanced installations, rooms can sense not only the presence of a person inside but know who that person is and perhaps set appropriate lighting, temperature, music levels or television channels, taking into account the day of the week, the time of day, and other factors. Other automated tasks may include setting the air conditioning to an energy saving setting when the house is unoccupied, and restoring the normal setting

when an occupant is about to return. More sophisticated systems can maintain an inventory of products, recording their usage through bar codes, or an RFID tag, and prepare a shopping list or even automatically order replacements. Home automation can also provide a remote interface to home appliances or the automation system itself, via telephone line, wireless transmission or the internet, to provide control and monitoring via a smartphone or web browser. An example of a remote monitoring in home automation could be when a smoke detector detects a fire or smoke condition, then all lights in the house will blink to alert any occupants of the house to the possible fire. If the house is equipped with a home theatre, a home automation system can shut down all audio and video components to avoid distractions, or make an audible announcement. The system could also call the home owner on their mobile phone to alert them, or call the fire department or alarm monitoring company. In terms of Lighting Home Automation, it is possible to save energy when installing various products. Simple functions such as motion sensors and detectors integrated into a relatively simple home automation system can save hours of wasted energy in both residential and commercial applications. For example imagine an auto on/off at night time in all major city office blocks, say after 10pm, when no motion is detected, lights shut down, the company could save kilowatts of wasted overnight energy.

List of Materials
S.No. Components Quantity Cost (Per Piece) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. P89V51RD2 VARIOUS RESISTANCE RF TRANSMITER & RECIEVER BC 547 TRANSISTER MOC 30119 (opto coupler) MCT2E RELAYS Adapter 1 10 1 4 2 1 2 12V X 2 5V X 1 9. 10. 11. 12. 12. ADC-0809 LM-35 VOLTAGE REGULATOR-7805 8051 NANO BOARD MISCELLANEOUS 1 1 1 1 -75 35 10 1500 270 75 35 10 1500 270 120 1 250 15 20 20 20 100 120 10 250 60 40 20 40 300 Total

Software Implementation
The softwares used to implement the Home Automation and Security are the following: Proteus Keil Microvision

Proteus:-

Proteus is software for microprocessor simulation, schematic capture, and printed circuit board (PCB) design. It is developed by Labcenter Electronics. The XGameStation Micro Edition was designed using Labcenter's Proteus schematic entry and PCB layout tools.

System components
ISIS Schematic Capture - a tool for entering designs. PROSPICE Mixed mode SPICE simulation - industry standard SPICE3F5 simulator combined with a digital simulator. ARES PCB Layout - PCB design system with automatic component placer, ripup and retry auto-router and interactive design rule checking. VSM - Virtual System Modelling lets cosimulate embedded software for popular micro-controllers alongside hardware design. System Benefits Integrated package with common user interface and fully context sensitive help.

How to make a component in PROTEUS 1. Start ARES Professional. 2. Notice on the right bottom your scale. Change your scale from th to mm by pressing the m key. 3. From the right panel select the pad mode which you want to have for your new component. Eg. C-40-15 denotes the diameter and the drill hole. You can also change the drill holes according to your need by selecting the E key. 4. Switch to the data sheet of the component that you want to make. 5. Place the pads by in ARES according to the datasheet. 6. In some places the pads will not be placed at the exact distance. 7. Go to View.
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8. Select Snap 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1 mm or 2.5 mm according to your need. 9. Now place the pads. 10. Keep the distance same between the pins of components. 11. Select the arrow tool at the left top and select the whole component. 12. Right click the component. 13. Select Make Package. 14. Give the name of the package, category, type and the sub category. 15. Save the package to library in a specific package component at the right. Keil Microvision:-

The Vision IDE from Keil combines project management, make facilities, source code editing, program debugging, and complete simulation in one powerful environment. The Vision development platform is easy-to-use and helping you quickly create embedded programs that work. The Vision editor and debugger are integrated in a single application that provides a seamless embedded project development environment.

When starting a new project, simply select the microcontroller you use from the Device Database and the Vision IDE sets all compiler, assembler, linker, and memory options for you. Numerous example programs are included to help you get started with the most popular embedded 8051 devices. The Keil Vision Debugger accurately simulates on-chip peripherals (IC, CAN, UART, SPI, Interrupts, I/O Ports, A/D Converter, D/A Converter, and PWM Modules) of your 8051 device. Simulation helps you understand hardware configurations and avoids time wasted on setup problems. Additionally, with simulation, you can write and test applications before target hardware is available. When you are ready to begin testing your software application with target hardware, use the MON51, MON390, MONADI, or FlashMON51 Target Monitors, the ISD51 In-System Debugger, or the ULINK USBJTAG Adapter to download and test program code on your target system.

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Hardware Implementation
The designed hardware consists of two main circuits:1. 2. Home Security Home Automation

1. Home Security:-

Procedure Diagram:-

Code:2. Home Automation:The goal of this project is to develop a home automation system that gives the user complete control over all remotely controllable aspects of his or her home.

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The automation system will have the ability to be controlled from a central host PC, the Internet, and also remotely accessed via a Pocket PC with a Windows Mobile based application.

Procedure Diagram:-

Code:Flow Chart:-

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13

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Component Description
1) Micro Controller (P89V51RD2):-

The P89V51RD2 is a 80C51 microcontroller with 64 kB Flash and 1024 bytes of data RAM. A key feature of the P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option. The design engineer can choose to run the application with the conventional 80C51 clock rate (12 clocks per machine cycle) or select the X2 mode (6 clocks per machine cycle) to achieve twice the throughput at the same clock frequency. Another way to benefit from this feature is to keep the same performance by reducing the clock frequency by half, thus dramatically reducing the EMI. The Flash program memory supports both parallel programming and in serial InSystem Programming (ISP). Parallel programming mode offers gang-programming

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at high speed, reducing programming costs and time to market. ISP allows a device to be reprogrammed in the end product under software control. The capability to field/update the application firmware makes a wide range of applications possible.

The P89V51RD2 is also In-Application Programmable (IAP), allowing the Flash program memory to be reconfigured even while the application is running.

Features

80C51 Central Processing Unit 5 V Operating voltage from 0 MHz to 40 MHz 64 kB of on-chip Flash user code memory with ISP (In-System Programming) and IAP (In-Application Programming)

Supports 12-clock (default) or 6-clock mode selection via software or ISP SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) and enhanced UART PCA (Programmable Counter Array) with PWM and Capture/Compare functions

Four 8-bit I/O ports with three high-current Port 1 pins (16 mA each) Three 16-bit timers/counters Programmable watchdog timer Eight interrupt sources with four priority levels Second DPTR register Low EMI mode (ALE inhibit) TTL- and CMOS-compatible logic levels Brown-out detection

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Low o Power-down mode

power with external interrupt

modes wake-up

o Idle mode

DIP40 packages

2) Resistance:The electrical resistance of a circuit component or device is defined as the ratio of the voltage applied to the electric current which flows through it:

If the resistance is constant over a considerable range of voltage, then Ohm's law, I = V/R, can be used to predict the behavior of the material. Although the definition above involves DC current and voltage, the same definition holds for the AC application of resistors.

Whether or not a material obeys Ohm's law, its resistance can be described in terms of its bulk resistivity. The resistivity, and thus the resistance, is temperature dependent. Over sizable ranges of temperature, this temperature dependence can be predicted from a temperature coefficient of resistance. 3) RF Transmitter & Receiver:-

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The RF module, as the name suggests, operates at Radio Frequency. The corresponding frequency range varies between 30 kHz & 300 GHz. In this RF system, the digital data is represented as variations in the amplitude of carrier wave. This kind of modulation is known as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK).

Transmission through RF is better than IR (infrared) because of many reasons. Firstly, signals through RF can travel through larger distances making it suitable for long range applications. Also, while IR mostly operates in line-of-sight mode, RF signals can travel even when there is an obstruction between transmitter & receiver. Next, RF transmission is more strong and reliable than IR transmission. RF communication uses a specific frequency unlike IR signals which are affected by other IR emitting sources.

This RF module comprises of an RF Transmitter and an RF Receiver. The transmitter/receiver (Tx/Rx) pair operates at a frequency of 434 MHz. An RF
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transmitter receives serial data and transmits it wirelessly through RF through its antenna connected at pin4. The transmission occurs at the rate of 1Kbps 10Kbps.The transmitted data is received by an RF receiver operating at the same frequency as that of the transmitter.

The RF module is often used alongwith a pair of encoder/decoder. The encoder is used for encoding parallel data for transmission feed while reception is decoded by a decoder. HT12E-HT12D, HT640-HT648, etc. are some commonly used encoder/decoder pair ICs.

Pin Diagram:

Pin Description:
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RF Transmitter Pin No 1 2 3 4 Function Ground (0V) Serial data input pin Supply voltage; 5V Antenna output pin Name Ground Data Vcc ANT

RF Receiver Pin No 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8

Function Ground (0V) Serial data output pin Linear output pin; not connected
Supply voltage; 5V Supply voltage; 5V Ground (0V) Ground (0V) Antenna input pin

Name Ground Data NC

Vcc Vcc Ground Ground ANT

4) BC-547 Transistor:-

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BC547 is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor. A transistor, stands for transfer of resistance, is commonly used to amplify current. A small current at its base controls a larger current at collector & emitter terminals.

BC547 is mainly used for amplification and switching purposes. It has a maximum current gain of 800. Its equivalent transistors are BC548 and BC549.

The transistor terminals require a fixed DC voltage to operate in the desired region of its characteristic curves. This is known as the biasing. For amplification applications, the transistor is biased such that it is partly on for all input conditions. The input signal at base is amplified and taken at the emitter. BC547 is used in common emitter configuration for amplifiers. The voltage divider is the commonly used biasing mode. For switching applications, transistor is biased so that it remains fully on if there is a signal at its base. In the absence of base signal, it gets completely off.

Pin Diagram:
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5) MOC 30119 (Optocoupler):-

The MOC3010 Series consists of gallium arsenide infrared emitting diodes, optically coupled to silicon bilateral switch and are designed for applications requiring isolated triac triggering, lowcurrent isolated ac switching, high electrical isolation (to 7500 Vac peak), high detector standoff voltage, small size, and low cost.
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Features

400 and 600 V Blocking Voltage

5.0 mA Maximum Trigger Current Isolation Test Voltage, 5300 VRMS, t = 1.0 sec. Isolation Materials per UL94 Pin Compatible with Optocouplers IL440-1 MOC 3051 IL440-2 MOC 3052 IL440-3 MOC3053 IL440-4 MOC 3021 IL440-5 MOC 3022 IL440-6 MOC 3023 6) MCT2E (Optocoupler):-

Features

Interfaces with common logic families Input-output coupling capacitance < 0.5 pF
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 Industry Standard Dual-in line 6-pin package 5300 VRMS isolation test voltage.

7) Relays:-

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a lowpower signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming

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in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations. A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric motor or other loads is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still called "protective relays". 8) Adapter (12V & 5V):-

An adapter is a device that converts attributes of one device or system to those of an otherwise incompatible device or system. An adapter is a physical device that allows one hardware or electronic interface to be adapted (accommodated without loss of function) to another hardware or electronic interface. In a computer, an adapter is often built into a card that can be inserted into a slot on the computer's motherboard. The card adapts

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information that is exchanged between the computer's microprocessor and the devices that the card supports. Some adapters may only affect physical attributes:

An electrical adapter may enable connection of a socket used in one region to a plug used in another by offering connections for the disparate contact arrangements, while not changing the voltage. For more, see: Domestic AC power plugs and sockets.

A garden hose adapter can convert between threads and quick-release, "snap"-type connections.

One kind of serial port adapter enables connections between 25-contact and nine-contact connectors, but does not affect electrical power- and signalling-related attributes.

Other adapters may affect electrical attributes:

A transformer adapts household electric current from high voltage (100 to 240 volts AC) to low voltage suitable for consumer electronics. These adapters will warm through converting alternating current to direct current, but are safe to the environment and can withstand months of continuous prolonged activity.

9) ADC-0809:-

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The ADC0808, ADC0809 data acquisition component is a monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit analog-to-digital converter, 8-channel multiplexer and microprocessor compatible control logic. The 8-bit A/D converter uses successive approximation as the conversion technique. The converter features a high impedance chopper stabilized comparator, a 256R voltage divider with

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analog switch tree and a successive approximation register. The 8-channel multiplexer can directly access any of 8-single-ended analog signals.

The device eliminates the need for external zero and full-scale adjustments. Easy interfacing to microprocessors is provided by the latched and decoded multiplexer address inputs and latched TTL TRI-STATE outputs. The design of the ADC0808, ADC0809 has been optimized by incorporating the most desirable aspects of several A/D conversion techniques. The ADC0808, ADC0809 offers high speed, high accuracy, minimal temperature dependence, excellent long-term accuracy and repeatability, and consumes minimal power. These features make this device ideally suited to applications from process and machine control to consumer and automotive applications. For 16-channel multiplexer with common output (sample/hold port) see ADC0816 data sheet. (See AN-247 for more information.)

Features
Easy interface to all microprocessors Operates ratio metrically or with 5 VDC or analog span adjusted voltage reference. No zero or full-scale adjust required 8-channel multiplexer with address logic 0V to 5V input range with single 5V power supply Outputs meet TTL voltage level specifications Standard hermetic or molded 28-pin DIP package 28-pin molded chip carrier package

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ADC0808 equivalent to MM74C949 ADC0809 equivalent to MM74C949-1

Key Specifications

Resolution 8 Bits Total Unadjusted Error 12 LSB and 1 LSB Single Supply 5 VDC Low Power 15 mW Conversion Time 100 s

10) LM-35:-

The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with an electrical output proportional to the temperature (in oC). Why Use LM35s To Measure Temperature?
o o

You can measure temperature more accurately than a using a thermistor. The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to oxidation, etc.

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The LM35 generates a higher output voltage than thermocouples and may not require that the output voltage be amplified.

What Does an LM35 Do? How does it work?

o o o

It has an output voltage that is proportional to the Celsius temperature. The scale factor is .01V/oC The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming and maintains an accuracy of +/-0.4 oC at room temperature and +/- 0.8 oC over a range of 0 oC to +100 oC. Another important characteristic of the LM35DZ is that it draws only 60 micro amps from its supply and possesses a low self-heating capability. The sensor self-heating causes less than 0.1 oC temperature rise in still air.

The LM35 comes in many different packages, including the following.

TO-92 plastic transistor-like package, T0-46 metal can transistor-like package 8-lead surface mount SO-8 small outline package TO-202 package. (Shown in the picture above)

How Do You Use An LM35? (Electrical Connections)

o o

Here is a commonly used circuit. For connections refer to the picture above. In this circuit, parameter values commonly used are: Vc = 4 to 30v 5v or 12 v are typical values used. -6 Ra = Vc /10 Actually, it can range from 80 K to 600 K , but most just use 80 K.

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Here is a photo of the LM 35 wired on a circuit board. The white wire in the photo goes to the power supply. Both the resistor and the black wire go to ground. The output voltage is measured from the middle pin to ground.

11) VOLTAGE REGULATOR-7805:-

7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. It is a member of 78xx series of fixed linear voltage regulator ICs. The voltage source in a circuit may have fluctuations and would not give the fixed voltage output. The voltage regulator

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IC maintains the output voltage at a constant value. The xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed to provide. 7805 provides +5V regulated power supply. Capacitors of suitable values can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective voltage levels.

Pin Diagram:

Pin Description:
Pin No 1 2 3 Input voltage (5V-18V) Ground (0V) Regulated output; 5V (4.8V-5.2V) Input Ground Output Function Name

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12) 8051 NANO BOARD:PICTURE OF NANO-51 BOARD

Hardware Settings.

1. Switch ON power supply to give power to board.

2. CONNECT PROGRAMMING cable to burn the program in controller. (a) Connect DB-25 to DB9 cable to program AT 89551 microcontroller.(ATMEL PROG.Conn.) (b) Connect 10 pin bus to DB9 cable to program P89C51RD2BN microcontroller (Philips prog. Conn.) (Optional not provided with this hardware)

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3. To see output-switch ON Dip switch Dip near power ON/OFF switch. Switch On 1st to see output of LCD program. Switch On 2nd to see output of LED. Switch On 3rd to see output of Buzzer. Switch On 4th to see output o DIGITAL input.

4. To see better output on board devices. Keep low unused ports of microcontroller in your programmer, Otherwise garbage value on ports may disturb your actual output.

5. Switch ON only used Switch Near power ON/OFF according to your choice program.

6. LEDs are connected to microcontroller Port P1.

7. SEVEN SEGMENTS are connected to microcontroller Port P01 & P3.

8. LCD is connected to microcontroller Port P2 & P3.

9. Buzzer is connected to microcontroller Port P0.4

10. Stepper motor is connected to microcontroller Port P0.

11. All Ports output are also provided on board to extend or to interface to the external world devices.

Nano-51 has on board

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P89C51RD2/AT89s51 LCD 16x2 Buzzer 2 seven segment 8 output leds Dip switches

CENTRAL PROCESSOR Micro controller: - P89C51RD2/89S51 with four I/O ports Crystal frequency: - 11.0592MHz Internal Memory: - 64K/4K MEMORY 4K memory which can be upgradeable to 516k is provided in EEPROM section. Connections for Experiments LCD Data P2 RS P3.6 E P3.7

7-segment LEDs Buzzer Buzzer port P0.4 Port P1 Control Port P3.2, P3.3,P3.4,P3.5 Data port P0

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Stepper Motor Port P 0.1 Port P 0.2 Port P 0.3 Port P 0.4

DIP SWITCH (digital input) Port P2 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF NANO-51 BOARD

LCD SECTION SEVEN SEGMENT

P0

LED Section

Buzzer Section

BLU P1 ETO OTH AT 89S51/ P89C51RD2 BN BLU SEC ETO P3 TIO OTH N BLU ETO OTH PROG
DIGITAL IN

P2

POWER SECTION

SELECTOR SWITCH

2x2 Matrix

CONN SEC TIO BLU N ETO SEC OTH TIO N BLUETO OTH SEC TIO N

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Development in this sector

Building Automation Ipervoice is the first digital, all CAT5 system, with IP compatiable external wiring and dedicated riser protocal with unlimited extension and number of riser coloumns, Ipervoice is the ideal system for simpli fying installation in resi dential components with a high number of users.

Needs may also extremely various in such large systems, and Ipervoice has all the answer. Extremely versatile, it manages integrated access control, technogical systems (CCTV, intrusion alarms, fire alarms) and many other function, all from the video door phone system. Ipervoice: AGE research and innovation bring you a solution just waiting to be discovered.

Optical Fibre Ready Voice messages for operations

Switch Board & IP Stations Absence indication and

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in progress

audio /video message recording

Door open detection Access control with evolved functions Intrusion Alarm

Duress Alarm

Lift monitor

Video surveillance

Once key for all functions Integrated handicapped user help

Self diagnostic functions

Home Automation AH8000 Digital Smart Home System , based on TCP/IP technology boasts a variety of functions.It ensure not only comfortable and secure living environment, but it will also open the door to intelligent digital living.

Visitor identification: Support video intercom between primary entry Terminal and indoor Terminal to identify visitor.

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Via Internet:Moniter home and control appliances on Pc Connected to the internet When you are on a business trip Scene control: A variety of user - defined scene modes to Cater for different occasion simply with a single click when enjoing dinner. Durin mode helps create sweet atmosphere with soft light and beautiful music

VOIP/IP phone: provide free VOIP/IP phone, so you are able to talk with your relative and friends as along as you like.

Call common phone: you are able to call common phone on indoor terminal.

Via SMS: Even short message can arm or disarm your home and control the appliances.

8 defence Zones: Support 8 user. Defined zones for free gas leakage and burglary alarms, etc,, Setzone properties and the time to automatically arm/disarm defence zones upon actual needs.

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Divert calls: Your are able to divert visitor calls to your cellphone without missing any important guests when you are away.

E- album: Support SD card to store picture. Any of stored pictures can be viewed and wallpaper.

Apartment- to- Apartment communication: Support free video communication of up to 200 pairs of residents simultaneously within same community.

Timing control: control appliances with timing option, in summer, yoy may set your air coordinator to be turned on ata preset time so that a cool home will readly welcome to you after you are back.

Familly message: Leave a message to family on indoor terminal.

Multimedia player: store and play music/ video of ones choice.

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Visitors message: When resident is away or inconvienient to answer visitor call, visitor will be prompted to leave a video/audio message so that the resident can check it later.

All- round monitoring: Monitor public areas with indoor Terminal to findout the circumtences. Mail arrival notifer: Whenever there is new mail in your letterbox, indoor Terminal will notify you to check it. Security!nter locking:where na larmi st riggreed, all interlocked light in the house will be turned on, the built- inc ameraw its tarlt ow orka not hei nterlocked alarm bell will sound. Mean while alarm message will be automatically sent to admin, resident and policies.

Summon Elevator: you are able to call elevator to your floor with indoor terminal.

Gas control: turn on/off gass on indoor

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Terminal.

Via Wap , Arm/disarm defance zones and control home. Appliances on cellphone through WAP, in cold winter. You may turn on air conditionar on your way home so that you are able to enjoy the warmth upon arriving home.

Appliances Control: flexible controles over appliances such as light , curtains , air conditionar, T.V sets, sterecs, For example, you may turn on/off a single light or alight.

Vehicle Tracking System

Monitoring and managing the mobile assets are the core functionalities of any company dealing with the services, delivery or transport vehicles. Technologies help in supporting these functionalities from remote locations and update the managers with the latest information of their mobile assets.

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Scope of Home Automation In India

The upfront cost of installing a home automation system is undoubtedly high, but chances are that it pays for itself over time given the energy savings in a wired house. Says Bijay Agarwal, managing director, Salarpuria Sattva Group: "In a fully automated house, there is likely to be a saving of up to 20-25% of energy in the long run." The group is in talks with service providers to create a customisable home automation system for their upcoming projects in Bangalore Luxuria and Magnificia. But, as Raheja puts it, "Companies like Schneider and Honeywell claim huge savings in the long term but I don't think that is the only reason why buyers are interested in paying more upfront. It is more of a snob value, at the moment, to be able to control your house with your iPhone." Not Just For Richie Rich Club The home automation industry in India is now tapping new markets down the pyramid. Over the past eight months, Indian developers have taken the concept to mid-sized apartments, customising it to suit the budgets and tastes of clients. Says Anand Kulkarni, vice-president, local business unit, ABB: "In two years, not only high-priced villas but even apartments in the `40-50 lakh range can have this facility." The ABB Group, a global leader in automation tech, has been involved with setting up several smart home projects in India. Industry insiders say iPad and similar gadgets have played no small part in this. One reason why home automation systems initially cost the moon was because the in-wall panels used earlier were very expensive. But getting these systems synced with gadgets like the iPhone and iPad, which cost a whole lot less and are fast becoming a part of the Indian lifestyle, changed things. Also, the syncing
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process is getting ever easier. "There are apps available for this, the more popular ones being KNX, Iridium Software, and Android Netflex. Some are free, but you may need to pay a premium for the more advanced features," says Kulkarni. Stumbling Blocks While the going is good, or at least better than ever before, it's still early days as far as mass adoption of this trend is concerned. Salarpuria Group's Agarwal gives voice to a popular opinion among developers when he says that "home automation systems are concept-driven, which cannot be taken up on a large scale. People need to get a feel of this concept." Perhaps it all just boils down to comfort who'd want to live in a house more intelligent than themselves? Says Ansari: "A lot of people are still not comfortable with the concept. Many find the learning curve too steep." In a similar vein, Bangalore-based architect and builder Niranjan Das says elderly people find it difficult to operate. Raheja, in fact, goes so far as to say that "in 90% of the cases, rather than using a device to control the house, people use the electronic switches in the room", drawing from his group's experiences. Besides this, there is always the worry that the system may get stuck or jammed if the power fails, which means you anyway need to have manual systems in place. Many also question its feasibility in a country like India, where manpower read house helps is plentiful. After all, the biggest USP of such systems is convenience. Then there are others like Mahesh Thyagarajan who continue to limit home automation facilities to just lighting and security control. "There's plenty of manpower available in India. As long as you have that, I don't need to

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automate the entire house. I wanted control only over the security and lighting facilities at my independent villa in Chennai," says Thyagarajan, a Singaporebased software engineer.

The biggest deterrent to mass adoption of the concept continues to be the cost of installation, which may not be as high as it used to be, but at the `75,000 to `1.5 lakh range, it is far from easily affordable. "Earlier, people used to install simple switches which cost them between `35,000 and `40,000 for the whole house. Today, if they need to get just the switches connected to the home automation controls, the cost works out to be `70,000. And most of the midsegment home buyers have a tight budget," says Ansari. Builders, on their part, face their own set of problems. According to developers, installing home automation systems for individual villas is one thing and quite another for apartment blocks. It is very difficult to disturb the entire wiring of an individual apartment to install home automation.

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Problems Being Faced by Home Automation & Security Today

Home automation helps people to get things done conveniently. For example, it helps to turn on the microwave oven from the office laptop, remotely start vacuuming, etc. But from these tasks it is unclear that how materially it would improve ones life.

Now the home automation systems are being developed by different manufacturers. This creates confusion in minds to select a home automation system for you.

The home automation systems are very expensive. Hardware is required as many homes appliances lack intelligence. Since most of the systems are customized, technicians are needed to install them.

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Conclusion
Home Automation is undeniably a resource which can make a home environment automated. People can control their electrical devices via these Home Automation devices and set up the controlling actions in the computer. We think this product have high potential for marketing in the future. At the moment the components are a bit too high to be able to produce these devices for a interesting price.

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Future Scope
The Home Automation could be developed further by making it more stable and put more effort on the visual design of the product. We could reduce the size of the product by replacing the power supply module and Arduino microcontroller with much smaller pieces.

All the devices could be equipped with IR receiver to control the electrical devices at home that support the IR communication. More sophisticated actions and scenarios can be created with this. IR commands enable larger variety for controlling electrical devices that only the power outlet.

A lot of improvements could be done in the computer program as well. It should be more customizable for an end user and it should have some password protection for security reasons. It would be also nice to make it web-based so that users can control their home remotely.

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Health, Safety and Environmental Issues

a. Product Dangers This product does not pose any danger when used properly.

b. Health Hazards There are no known health hazards associated with this product.

c. Environmental Hazards i. This product complies with all FCC standards. ii. The AC adapter should not be disassembled or tampered with. The operating voltage for this device is 12V which does not pose any risk of electric shock.

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Course Suggestions

I think the course ran pretty smoothly. I definitely agree that two semesters would be beneficial. One semester isn't enough time to develop a product from the ground up it seems, especially when you don't have a project that you want to work on. If it is only one semester perhaps people would have more luck if they were assigned a project, maybe each team work on a single part of a very large design. This way people would know what they had to do from the start. Other than that I felt that I learned a lot and got to experience what it like to design a product.

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