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SOLUTION 1 : Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the square'' and the inner layer is (3x+1) . Differentiate ``the square'' first, leaving (3x+1) unchanged. Then differentiate (3x+1). ) Thus,
SOLUTION 2 : Differentiate
. . Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the square root'' and the inner layer is ``the square root'' first, leaving . ) Thus,
SOLUTION 3 : Differentiate
. . Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the 30th power'' and the inner layer is ``the 30th power'' first, leaving . ) Thus,
SOLUTION 4 : Differentiate
. . Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the one-third power'' and the inner layer is ``the one-third power'' first, leaving . ) Thus,
(At this point, we will continue to simplify the expression, leaving the final answer with no negative exponents.)
SOLUTION 5 : Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the negative four-fifths power'' and the inner layer is Differentiate ``the negative four-fifths power'' first, leaving differentiate .)
unchanged. Then
(At this point, we will continue to simplify the expression, leaving the final answer with no negative exponents.)
SOLUTION 6 : Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the sine function'' and the inner layer is (5x) . Differentiate ``the sine function'' first, leaving (5x) unchanged. Then differentiate (5x) . ) Thus,
SOLUTION 7 : Differentiate
. .
( The outer layer is ``the exponential function'' and the inner layer is Recall that . Differentiate ``the exponential function'' first, leaving unchanged. Then differentiate . ) Thus,
SOLUTION 8 : Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``2 raised to a power'' and the inner layer is differentiate . Differentiate ``2 raised to a power'' first, leaving . ) Thus,
SOLUTION 9 : Differentiate
( Since 3 is a MULTIPLIED CONSTANT, we will first use the rule , where c is a constant . Hence, the constant 3 just ``tags along'' during the differentiation process. It is NOT necessary to use the product rule. ) Thus,
( Now the outer layer is ``the tangent function'' and the inner layer is tangent function'' first, leaving unchanged. Then differentiate .)
. Differentiate ``the
SOLUTION 10 : Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the natural logarithm (base e) function'' and the inner layer is ( 17-x ) . Recall that . Differentiate ``the natural logarithm function'' first, leaving ( 17x ) unchanged. Then differentiate ( 17-x ). ) Thus,
SOLUTION 11 : Differentiate
( The outer layer is ``the common logarithm (base 10) function'' and the inner layer is . Recall that 10) function'' first, leaving . Differentiate ``the common logarithm (base unchanged. Then differentiate . ) Thus,
Each of the following problems requires more than one application of the chain rule.
SOLUTION 12 : Differentiate
( Recall that , which makes ``the square'' the outer layer, NOT ``the cosine function''. In fact, this problem has three layers. The first layer is ``the square'', the second layer is ``the cosine function'', and the third layer is first, leaving ``the cosine function'' and function'', leaving . Differentiate ``the square''
, where c is a constant. Hence, the constant just ``tags along'' during the differentiation process. It is NOT necessary to use the product rule. ) Thus,
( Recall that , which makes ``the negative four power'' the outer layer, NOT ``the secant function''. In fact, this problem has three layers. The first layer is ``the negative four power'', the second layer is ``the secant function'', and the third layer is . Differentiate ``the negative four power'' first, leaving ``the secant function'' and unchanged. Then differentiate ``the secant function'', leaving Finish with the derivative of .) unchanged.
SOLUTION 14 : Differentiate
( There are four layers in this problem. The first layer is ``the natural logarithm (base e) function'', the second layer is ``the fifth power'', the third layer is ``the cosine function'', and the fourth layer is . Differentiate them in that order. ) Thus,
SOLUTION 15 : Differentiate
( There are four layers in this problem. The first layer is ``the square root function'', the second layer is ``the sine function'', the third layer is `` 7x plus the natural logarithm (base e) function'', and the fourth layer is (5x) . Differentiate them in that order. ) Thus,
SOLUTION 16 : Differentiate
( Since 10 is a MULTIPLIED CONSTANT, we will first use the rule , where c is a constant. Hence, the constant 10 just ``tags along'' during the differentiation process. It is NOT necessary to use the product rule. ) Thus,
( Now there are four layers in this problem. The first layer is ``the fifth power'', the second layer is ``1 plus the third power '', the third layer is ``2 minus the ninth power'', and the fourth layer is . Differentiate them in that order. )
SOLUTION 17 : Differentiate
. ,
( Since 4 is a MULTIPLIED CONSTANT, we will first use the rule where c is a constant. Hence, the constant 4 just ``tags along'' during the differentiation process. It is NOT necessary to use the product rule. ) Thus,
( There are four layers in this problem. The first layer is ``the natural logarithm (base e) function'', the second layer is ``the natural logarithm (base e) function'', the third layer is ``the natural logarithm (base e) function'', and the fourth layer is in that order. ) . Differentiate them
SOLUTION 18 : Differentiate
( There are four layers in this problem. The first layer is ``the third power'', the second layer is ``the tangent function'', the third layer is ``the square root function'', the fourth layer is ``the cotangent function'', and the fifth layer is (7x) . Differentiate them in that order. ) Thus,
. The following three problems require a more formal use of the chain rule. Click HERE to return to the list of problems.
SOLUTION 19 : Assume that h(x) = f( g(x) ) , where both f and g are differentiable functions. If g(-1)=2, g'(-1)=3, and f'(2)=-4 , what is the value of h'(-1) ? Recall that the chain rule states that . Thus,
The outer layer of this function is ``the third power'' and the inner layer is f(x) . The chain rule gives us that the derivative of h is . Thus, the slope of the line tangent to the graph of h at x=0 is .
This line passes through the point point-slope form of a line, an equation of this tangent line is
. Using the
or
SOLUTION 21 : Determine a differentiable function y = f(x) which has the properties and Begin with . and assume that f(x) is not identically zero. Then
and , where C is any constant . Now think about ``reversing'' the process of differentiation. This is called finding an antiderivative. Thus,
iff
iff
Since
, we have
so that
and C = 2 . Thus,