CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY Jaro, Iloilo City College of Computer Studies

CT 112 EXPERIMENT 1 ___________________________________________________ ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS COMPONENT AND ACCESSORIES I. Objectives To familiarized with the basic electrical and electronics component available in the laboratory. To identified some basic electrical and electronic components, with its schematic symbols and actual appearance. To familiarize with some common electrical and electronics accessories II. Basic Theory Electrolytic Capacitors Electrolytic capacitors are polarized and they must be connected the correct way round, at least one of their leads will be marked + or -. 4mm plugs, sockets and terminals These are the standard single pole connectors used on meters and other electronic equipment. Plugs Plugs may have a screw or solder terminal to hold the cable. Sockets These are usually described as 'panel mounting' because they are designed to be fitted to a case. Most sockets have a solder contact but the picture shows other options. Terminals They usually have a threaded stud to fit a solder tag inside the case. Coax plugs These are similar to the phono plugs and sockets described above but they are designed for use with screened cables carrying much higher frequency signals, such as TV aerial leads. They provide better screening because at high frequencies this is essential to reduce electrical noise. A cable is an assembly of one or more conductors (wires) with some flexibility. A flex is the proper name for the flexible cable fitted to mains electrical appliances. A lead is a complete assembly of cable and connectors. A wire is a single conductor which may have an outer layer of insulation (usually plastic). Stranded wire This consists of many fine strands of wire covered by an outer plastic coating. It is flexible and can withstand repeated bending without breaking. Signal cable consists of several colour-coded cores of stranded wire housed within an outer plastic sheath. Screened cable The central wire carries the signal and the screen is connected to 0V (common) to shield the signal from electrical interference. Screened cable is used for audio signals and dual versions are available for stereo. Co-axial cable This type of screened cable (see above) is designed to carry high frequency signals such as those found in TV aerials and oscilloscope leads. Mains flex Flex is the proper name for the flexible cable used to connect appliances to the mains supply.

Table 1.1: Schematics symbols of Electrical and electronics components

+

R1 1k
GND Resistor Voltage source Battery

Voltmeter

Ammeter

N1

N2

Variable Resistor
+ -

Capacitor (Fixed)

Switch Bulb

Inductor (Fixed)

Transformer

NTC

Fuse Motor Thermistor

Pushbutton (Normally open)

+

Pushbutton (Normally closed)

Relay

1 2
+

Speaker Battery

Solinoid

BNC Connector

Wattmeter

Ohmmeter

Clock

Opamp

Diode (Rectifier)

Diode (Zener)

LED

Diode (Varactor)

Diode (Schottky) NPN (BJT) Transistor PNP (BJT) Transistor

MOSFET (n-channel)

MOSFET (p-channel)

JFET (n-channel)

JFET (p-channel)

Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)

Diac

Triac

Photoresistor

LED

Photodiode Photo Transistor

Solar Cell

Opto-coupler

Buffer Darlington pair Transistor

Tristate Buffer

Inverter

2-input AND gate

2-input OR gate

2-input NAND gate

2-input NOR gate

J P Q

2-input XOR gate

1 3 4 6

K C Q

Flip-flop

Variable Capacitor

Variable Inductor

Electrolytic Capacitor

Vacuum Tube

Stepper Motor

Crystal Oscillator

Fuse

Antenna

Convenience Outlet

Male Plug

Table 1.2: Common Electronics and Electrical Accessories

PCB Terminal Block

Crocodile clips Terminal

DC Power Plug

Jack plugs

Phono plugs Din Plug

BNC plug 5 way 180 DIN socket (chassis mounting) 25 pin D-type Connector

Signal cable Speaker Cable IDC communication connectors RJ-45 connector Screened Cable

Mains Flex Co-axial Cable III. Procedure

1. Identify and draw the schematic symbols and Actual appearance of a given
component list below.

Component name Resistor (Fixed, W)

Schematic symbol

Device Number

Actual Appearance

Resistor (Fixed, W)

Resistor (Fixed, 5 W)

Resistor (Variable)

Capacitor (Fixed, nonpolar, ceramic) Capacitor (Fixed, Electrolytic, polarized) Capacitor (Variable)

Capacitor (Fixed, nonpolar, Mylar) Transformer

Inductor

Transistor (BJT) Transistor (JFET)

Transistor (MOSFET)

Relay

Switch

Push Button

Fuse

SCR

Triac

Light Emitting Diode (LED) Speaker

Vacuum Tube

IV. Observations ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

V. Conclusion ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________