Guidelines for design of DATA

ACQUISITION SYSTEM Assignment Statement: Design a data acquisition system for the given parameters.

SPECIFICATIONS:

1) No. of channels: 8 min. and multiples of 8 2) Inputs : for ex.- temp. , humidity, level,Flow pressure, 3) Range C :As per selected input. For e.g. temp- 0- 100

4) Resolution: depends upon requirement. For e.g.-0.1 C 5) Display : 1)LCD :16*2 alphanumeric OR 2)LED: 7 segment (4 digit) 6) Storage : size of memory :depends upon user requirement. Take readings at suitable interval. (Every 1 min.) = 60 readings/hour = 24*60 readings per day = 24*60*7 readings a week

=10080 =10080/1024=9.84375 KB This is for one parameter. For 8 parameters it will be multiplied by 8. Hence calculate total memory and select accordingly. Readings can be stored in INT/EXT RAM, EEPROM using I2C/SPI

7) Alarms: Two level high and low programmable through KBD. Alarm indication: 1)AudioBuzzer 2) visual LED 8) Control : Solid state Relay, Solenoids

9) Connectivity To PC : 1)RS 232 2) RS 485(for multi sensor network at long dist.(4000m)) 10) Power: phase,50 Hz 11) Battery: ,maintenance free) 12) Backup time : Max. 230v+/- 10% single 6v,9v,12v (rechargeable 8 hrs.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

DESIGN STEPS:

1)SELECTION OF SENSOR :

Select sensor from parameters given. Write key specifications of selected sensor.

2) SIGNAL CONDITIONING : Design suitable signal conditioning ckt. For selected sensor to get output 0 to 5V(suitable for type of ADC) Select opamp or instrumentation amplifier and complete design around it . This ckt. Should have provision for ZERO and SPAN controls.

3)Selection of ADC: ADC is selected from following criterion: a) Resolution b) Accuracy

c)

Conversion time (can be selected through prog.)

d) Cost NOTE: this is required if you select external ADC . In case of PIC controller it is internal(10 bit ,8 channel).

4) Selection of microcontroller: Requirements of design are

1)Clock Speed 2) Data bus size: 8,16,32 bit 3) Peripheral support: a)I/O Ports b) Serial communication : CAN, Addressable USART
C) SPI

d) I2c

4) Memory:
1)Internal program memory : 2)Data memory :

3)Data EEPROM memory 5)Special Peripheral support : 1)ADC : 2)PWM modules 3)Comparators 4)TIMERS

6)Interrupts : 7)In ckt programming and debugging. 8)Programmable low voltage detect. 9)Programmable Brown out reset 10)Watch dog timer . 11)on chip /off chip oscillator: RC/XTAL 12)supply voltage. We know 8051 does not support required mentioned features. AVR ATmega32and 18F452 satisfies all the requirements. Hence select AVR/PIC. Note all key features of selected microcontroller.

Draw and design complete interfacing diagram for selected microcontroller. 1)KBD (4*4)

2)LCD(16X2) 3)LED 4)RELAY 5)Buzzer 6)RS 232 7)Ext. storage memory(EEPROM) 8)RTC Design suitable power supplies as per ckt. Current requirement. (calculated for each device). 1) +5 V (for microcontroller and other) 2) +12V ,-12V(for signal conditioning and Relay) 3) Specific to sensor.

SOFTWARE DESIGN: 1) Use of ASM or C language. 2) Select suitable software tools(IDE) KEIL, MPLAB, AVRSTUDIO 3) SELECT suitable C cross compiler. C18, CCS, HITECH, IAR for PIC AVR GCC, CAVR for AVR. 4) Draw detailed flowchart of complete project. (KBD,LCD,ADC, EEPROM,SERIAL)

5)Write typical ASM/C program for KBD and LCD.