Midterm 1 Dates- AP World History Olmecs Chavin Rome Republic Rome Empire Hittites Assyrians Sumer Indus Valley

Myceneans Minoans Phoenicians Egypt Old Kingdom Egypt Middle Kingdom Egypt New Kingdom Celts Maya Moche Ancient Israel (unified) Shang Zhou Han Mauryan Achemenid Life of Confucius Life of Buddha Warring States Life of Alexander the Great Beginning of the Silk Road Spread of Buddhism to China/SE Asia Life of Jesus Founding of Jainism Delian League Bantu Migrations Bronze Iron Gupta Inca Aztec Sui Tang Song Umayaad Abbasid Life of Muhammad Life of Charlemagne Spread of Islam Crusades Spread of the plague to Europe from Asia Champa rice

1000 BCE 500 BCE 500 BCE 500 CE 1350 BCE 1400 BCE 4000 BCE 2000 BCE 1400 BCE 2000 BCE 1000 BCE 2500 BCE 2000 BCE 1500 BCE 500 BCE 500 BCE 500 CE 1000 BCE 1500 BCE 500 BCE 1 CE 100 BCE 550 BCE 551 BCE 563 BCE 220 BCE 336 BCE 100 BCE 500 BCE 4 CE 540 BCE 323 BCE 1 CE 2000 BCE 1500 BCE 500 BCE 1500 CE 1500 CE 600 CE 800 CE 1000 CE 700 CE 1000 CE 632 BCE 800 CE 650 CE 1096 CE Mid 14th 1000 CE

Shang 1600BCE bronze oracle bones military Zhou 600BCE Iron couldn't be controlled. Large so decentralized. Mandate of heaven Conufcius 551BCE 5 relationships duty civil exams education Nubia South of egypt. Lots of interaction with them. Kush mero New kingdom 1200BCE Needed to be aggressive. Eventually got taken over. Akhenaton Ramses Hatshepsut. Trade. COSMOPOLITAN MIDDLE EAST mix of ideas and cultures. Similar religion and laws. Trade with Egypt. Hittites 1000BCE Upper Mesopotamia. Iron. Trade. Indo-european. Has the metals Minoans 2000BCE Crete advanced culture. Traders. Peaceful. Can't read linear a Myceneans 1400 BCE Like fighting took over minoans Can read linear b. Bull Leaping, aesthetic art. Atlantis Olmecs 1000BCE Giant heads advanced art show specialization. Shamanistic. Animals Mesoamerica. Corn squash beans. Trade Chavin. 500BCE Diverse land. Andean region. Llama jerky. More of a group of people not an empire. Metallurgy gold and silver. Quinoa. Celts. 500BCE Druids (nomadic priests) bizarre warlike diverse. Childish. Assyrians. 1400BCE? WAR. conquered everyone. Big bad mean. Scare people Neo-assyrians. Military. New techniques Library. So far closest thing to legit big empire

Israel1000BCE Monotheism. Good v evil moralistic. Saul david Solomon. Connections with middle East. North conquered first. Then Judaea with diaspora(dispersion) Jerusalem cosmopolitan. Phoenicians. 1000BCE merchants. Phoenician triangle Alphabet. 22 letters. founded carthage. Purple dye and glass. Really good sailors tri-reme. PERIOD 2. ORGANIZATION AMD REORGANIZATION OF HUMAN SOCIETIES. 600-600 End of Rome. Greek v persian. G- for the people by the people. Anyone can be amazing. Individualism. P- normal people aren't as important. King. Complicated gov't. Persians. Indo-European. Achaemenids: Cyrus Darius xerxes. Huge empire. Created 20 satrapies. Occupation. Class system. Problems of size. Communication. Cultural integration. Solutions: Persepolis. Advocating for good gov't. Satrapies. Road (economically and transportation) Justice. Persepolis. Ceremonial city. Gather to kiss up to the king. Darius-nice guy. Looking out for the average. Rich with trade. Qanats-underground irrigation. Coins. Good land. Zoroastrianism.one good one bad. Good: Ahura Mazda bad: angra mainyu. Darius and xerxes. Effected judaisim an chrisianity. Greeks City-states. Difficult terrain so divided, not much place for agric. Trade. Sparta (militaristic, depended on slaves) Athens (democracy. Still significant social inequalities, govt, sports, theatre) Delian League 323 BCE Post Persian fight, pay for protection from Athens, cant leave league. (dont join Sparta) Peloponnesian War (Athens v. Sparta) Athens: Humanism (new at the time) , individualism (olympics), reason (how world works). Socrates, Pericles, Aristotle, Hippocrates (oath) etc. Persian Wars: 2 of them, first: Darius vs. colonies and Athens (good at war bc generals chosen upon

merit) second: xerxes vs. Sparta and Athens. (brawns and brain) Athens ends up defeating Persia. Monumental architecture. (pantheon) , sculpture, theatre, cool gods. Alexander the great: 336 BCE Greece & Macedonia from Philip, helped Hellenestic Age. Keeps conquering on until mid. India Syncretism synthesis the union or fusion of different systems of thought or belief Rome: Romulus kills Remus, shows hardcore. Aqueducts. lots of big empires, water control. Republic: run by patricians. (mix with Etruscans and Greek) conquer more, Italy, carthage (punic wars*), Persia, Egypt Empire: powerful generals with private armies. Crassus vs. Pompey vs. Julius Caesar allies with Plebians. Then Power struggle: agustus, Marc Antony, Cicero. Agustus. Survives b/c of Pax Romana. Prosperity! Economy and Society: grain of Egypt, N. Africa, Sicily fed Rome -> concentration on specialized commodities elsewhere Wealth seized in conquest -> splendor of Roman cities paterfamilias very stratified. Everyone just does what theyre good at, efficiency Prosperity -> free trade b/c of roman peace. Come to depend on conquering, slaves. Economy based on slaves. Culture and religion: mix and match of gods goddesses. Christianity. Persecuted until Constantine. Paul of Tarsus help spread it. Christianity: (look on comparison of 3 religions) ** focused on poor and outcasts. More intriguing Fall of Rome: economic, social, quality of emperors decline. Barbican invasions

Han China 1 CE legalist and confucianist. Han Wudi (bureaucracy) middle ground de/centralized. Iron. Silk road begins!!! 100 CE falls because of xiongnu. Fighting. India: moreeee isolated! (good) Lots of small kingdoms. Indo-European Aryans, Mughals, British. (take overs) Aryans :advanced, decentralized, smaller govt, interacted with Dravidians, Persians. Vedic: Vedas, songs to gods of Aryans. Power of the gods. (ex: rig veda) earliest elements of Hinduism Caste system: Brahmin, kshatriyas, vaishyas, shudras. Very patriarchal. Based on Color (Varnas) simplified version. Plus untouchables Women no rights: sati, useless unless married. Have to be virgins when married. Youre a liability to your family. Cant earn money. NEED. Husband. Historiography: craft of history **decide what we put in textbooks. Bias, control Similar indo-european words. Commonality Indo-European culture: occupational system. Indra (male sky gods) patriarchal. Soma hallucinogenic crug. Animal husbandry and agriculture Alexander creates power vacuum. Trade with ME, SE. rich. Produces lots of manufactured goods. Mauryan Dynasty: 100 BCE Chandragupta maurya. Well-organized admin. Ashoka: philosopher king. Converted to Buddhism (challenges more common Hinduism). Capital Pataliputra. Encouraged TRADE, built roads BIG empire. Have been dominated by other people expect for back then (And now?) ashoka dies. Gone. Bactrians and kushans- major traders Wealthy because of trade. Guptas: Chandra Gupta Not very centralized, smaller than Mauryan. Invaders. (Huns and Muslim) SE Asia: meshing of cultures. Wealth from trade. Influenced from India. (religion, arts, govt, language) Angkor Wat. Hindu -> Buddhism

Greeks: artsy, creative. Rome: strict, authoritative, peace under law. Conquer the mighty then show them mercy. Qin china: Qinshihuangdi. Centralized rule. Terrocata warriors. Centralized, legalist. Strict! Writing, great wall, harsh

Common in mega empires: admin institutions. Reasons for battle diplomacy. Trade economic integration. Cities, social hierarchies. (Rome Persia India Greece) Aryan religion: polytheistic, Indra Varuna Hinduism: Upanishads. Brahman (not purusha anymore). Samsara-judement. Karma-abide by dharma/duty according to caste. Moshka/nirvana Reinforced by caste system. Women down. Buddhims- 500 BCE no gods. Bodhisattvas. Anyone can be enlightened. Reaction to rigidity of Hinduism Spread to China, korea, japan, SE Mahayana: looser Theravada: strict Sidhhartha Gautama. Four noble truths, eightfold path. Jainism: Vardana Mahavira. 540 BCE Reincarnation, karma ahimsa. Everything has a soul