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  • Quantum Exercise

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    bigevil
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    The document discusses several topics in quantum mechanics including: 1) The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that certain pairs of physical properties of a particle, like position and momentum, cannot be simultaneously known with certainty. A wavefunction describes the quantum state of a particle and Born's interpretation explains that the wavefunction represents the probability of finding the particle. 2) Atomic spectra and lasers involve emission spectra formed when electrons drop from higher to lower energy levels. Stimulated emission allows lasers to create coherent, bright beams of light. 3) Quantum tunneling describes how particles can pass through barriers that are classically forbidden. Transmission and reflection coefficients can be calculated using wavefunctions and potential barriers. 4

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    The document discusses several topics in quantum mechanics including: 1) The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that certain pairs of physical properties of a particle, like position and momentum, cannot be simultaneously known with certainty. A wavefunction describes the quantum state of a particle and Born's interpretation explains that the wavefunction represents the probability of finding the particle. 2) Atomic spectra and lasers involve emission spectra formed when electrons drop from higher to lower energy levels. Stimulated emission allows lasers to create coherent, bright beams of light. 3) Quantum tunneling describes how particles can pass through barriers that are classically forbidden. Transmission and reflection coefficients can be calculated using wavefunctions and potential barriers. 4

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    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
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    28 просмотров2 страницы

    Quantum Exercise

    Загружено:

    bigevil
    The document discusses several topics in quantum mechanics including: 1) The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that certain pairs of physical properties of a particle, like position and momentum, cannot be simultaneously known with certainty. A wavefunction describes the quantum state of a particle and Born's interpretation explains that the wavefunction represents the probability of finding the particle. 2) Atomic spectra and lasers involve emission spectra formed when electrons drop from higher to lower energy levels. Stimulated emission allows lasers to create coherent, bright beams of light. 3) Quantum tunneling describes how particles can pass through barriers that are classically forbidden. Transmission and reflection coefficients can be calculated using wavefunctions and potential barriers. 4

    Авторское право:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 2

    Quantum Mechanics

    Basic ideas Answer these briey. (a) What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? (b) What is a wavefunction? What is Borns interpretation? Basic quantum mechanics The wavefunction of an electron is given by (x, t) = sin (2x 3t). The total energy can be computed by the total energy operator, as follows: Expectation value of total energy = T = i
    d . dt

    (a) Calculate the expectation value of the total energy. (b) At t = 0, calculate the probability of nding the electron at x = /2. Atomic spectra & lasers (a) Explain how an emission spectrum is formed. (b) Relative to the ground state, the rst excited state of hydrogen is -13.6 eV. Calculate the wavelength of light that would be found on an emission spectrum. (c) Explain how stimulated emission allows lasers to create a very bright beam. (d) To conduct the Youngs double slit experiment in real life, its much better to use a laser than a normal light bulb. Briey give as many reasons as you can. Tunnelling Youll be provided these two equations for the examination, but its important to know what they are for. k= 2m(E V )
    2

    T = exp (2kx) (a) An electron with energy E = 2 eV encounters a potential barrier V = 4 eV. Calculate the reection and transmission coecients. Sketch the potential barrier and wavefunction on the same axes. (b) An electron with energy E = 2 eV encounters a potential barrier V = 1 eV. Calculate the reection and transmission coecients. Sketch the potential barrier and wavefunction on the same axes. (c) What happens when E =V ? (d) An object, mass 1 kg and speed 1000 m/s, encounters a potential barrier V =1 eV. Calculate or estimate the transmission coecient and explain how the answer diers from the quantum tunnelling case. Photoelectric eect (a) It is found that, when radiation is exposed to a metal, either electrons are emitted immediately or not at all. Suggest why this observation does not support a wave theory of light. [3] 1

    (b) Data for the wavelength of incident radiation relative to the maximum kinetic energy is shown in the table below. wavelength/nm Ek/1019J 650 240 4.44 Without any calculation, explain why no value for kinetic energy is given for 650 nm. Use the data to determine the work function energy. [4] (c) Radiation of wavelength 240 nm gives rise to the maximum photocurrent I. The intensity of the incident radiation is maintained constant and the wavelength is now reduced. Explain how this aects the maximum kinetic energy, and the maximum photocurrent. [4]

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