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Name of work:-
PKN
1 Room size
6.00
0.30
300
mm
0.40
400
mm
2000
N/m
5 Concrete
10.00
Floor finishing
600
N/m
25000
13.33
N/m
mscbc
20
7
Grade
2
N/mm
fy
415
N/mm2
Tensile stress
230
N/mm2
15
mm
Effective cover
20
mm
25
mm
Effective cover
35
mm
9 Reinfocement
Slab main
mm F
170
mm c/c
Slab Distribution
mm F
410
mm c/c
Beam main
25
mm F
2 lgde strirrups
mm F
300
6 Steel
3250
8 mm f @
8 mm f @
400
650
170
340
810
3500
10000 mm
mm c/c
mm c/c
Nos.
mm c/c
3250
8 mm F @
8 mm f @
875
875
410
170
mm c/c
mm c/c
810
400
650
100
mm
25 mm f
4 Nos.
440
600
700
440
300
700
300
400
Nos
25
4
25
mm f
Nos
mm f
330
330
6000
(b) L- Section of Beam
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
400
Room size
R.C.C. supported Beam
End bearing on wall
External load
Concrete
6 Steel
7 Nominal Cover
6.00
0.30
0.40
2000
M 20
scbc
7
fy 415
15
x 10.00 mtr
m
mtr
N/m2
Floor finishing
Unit weight concrete
N/mm2
m
N/mm2
sst
mm
=
=
=
=
=
=
Effective cover
300
400
600
####
13.3
230
20
mm
mm
N/mm2
N/m3
N/mm2
mm
1 Solution :Let us keepend sapn of slab slightly less than the middle span so that approximately
(I) End span =
3.10 m (clear)
(II) middle span = 3.20 m (clear)
The clear span of each T Beam =
6.00 m while the R.C. slab monolithic with the
beam will be continous over the three span
Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars
Cocrete M =
20
sst =
scbc =
m
= 230 N/mm2
N/mm3
=
7
= 13.33
m*c
k=
m*c+sst
=
1 =
0.5 x
j=1-k/3
R=1/2xc x j x k
wt. of concrete
2
= 25000 N/mm
13.33
13.33 x
x
7
= 0.289
0.289
7 x
7
+
230
= 0.904
0.90 x
0.289 =
0.913
(A) Design of continous slab:let us assume total thickness of slab = 100 mm and effective thickness =
Effective span;the width of the supports is more than 1/12the clear span
.Effective end span =
clear span +1/2 effective slab=
3.10 + 0.04 =
Effective middle = = clear distance between supports
=
2 Caculcation of B.M. :Overall depth of slab
self weight of Slab =
=
x
80
mm
3.14 m
3.20 m
1000
1000
2500 x
12
2000 x
10
3.14
2054083
N-mm
3.14
x 1000 =
1971920
N-mm
Total =
4026003
N-mm(+1)
1000 =
1066667
N-M (iii)
+ 1000 =
2560000
N-M (iv)
Total =
3626667
N-mm(+2)
1000 =
2464900
N-mm
x 1000 =
2464900
N-mm
Total =
4929800
N-mm(+3)
x 1000 =
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
=
=
=
=
2500 x
24
2500 x
10
2500 x
10
2500 x
10
3.20
3.20
3.14
3.14
3 Design of section :The effective depth will be calculated on the basis of maximum bending moment
out of four value calculated above.
4929800
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
=
73
mm
Rxb
0.913 x 1000
= 26 for contin slab
k.c 100
0.289 x
7 x 100
For a balance section, % of reinforcement- For M-20 =
=
= 0.44 %
x
2. sst
2
230
Taking pt
= 0.25
% we get from fig 7.1 modification factore = 1.70
70 mm for end span
x
26
= 44.2 d = 3100 / 44.2 =
\ span / depth = 1.70
And d for inetrmidiate span =
3200 / 44.2 =
72 mm
4 = 81 mm
keep over all d =
73
+
20
= 100 effective d = 100 15 Since the diffences between various bending moments is not large, reinforcement found
for large will be provided for other moments also.
Let us check this depth from stiffness (deflection)point of view. Span /effective depth ratio
4 Main Reiforcement :The maximum bending moment in end span (1) in intermidiate span (2) and at the support
next to end support (3) are nearly equal. Hence same reinforcement will be provided in all span .
BM
4929800
Ast =
=
=
293
mm2
sst x j x D
230 x 0.904 x
81
3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
using
8 mm f bars
A
=
=
= 50.2 mm2
4 x100
4
x 100
Pitch s = = 1000 x As
/A
=
1000 x
50 /
293 = 171.5
say = 171 mm
mm
F
bar,
Hence Provided
8
170 mm c/c middle of each span.
Bent up alternate bars from the bottom at a distance of L/5=
=
3140 /
5 = 620 mm from
center of intermidiate supports and at L/ 7 '=
3140 /
7=
450 mm from the end support.
Thus reinforcement available at each intermidiate support will be =
8 mm f bars @ 170 mm c/c
1000 x
50.2
296
Actual provided =
= 296 mm2 pt
=
x 100 = 0.300 %
170
1000 x 100
Distribution reinforcement:.12 xb xd
100
0.12 x 1000 x
Ast =
=
=
120
mm2
100
100
3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
using
8 mm f bars
A
=
=
= 50.2 mm2
4 x100
4
x 100
Pitch s = = 1000 x As
/A
=
1000 x 50.2 /
120 = 418.7
say = 419 mm
the above pitch is less than 5 time depth of slab = 5xd =
500 mm
and also less than = 450 mm.
Hence provided =
8
mm bars @
410 mm c/c.
Check for shear :V = 0.4wd .L+0.45 ws .L at the outer supports
5966
0.4 x
2500 +
0.45 x
2000 )x 3.14 =
5966
V
tv
=
=
= 0.074 N/mm2
bxd
1000 x
81
100.As
100
x
148
=
= 0.18 % \ tc = 0.19 % For M
bxd
1000
x
81
than permissible value of tc =
Hence safe
0.074 <
0.19 N/mm2
v
=(
20
concrete
5 Check for devlopment length at supports:The code stipulates that at the diameter of bars should be such that
1.3xM1
L0 > Ld
the following Eq.is satisfied at the end of supports
=
+
V
0.5 x
v = 5966
where M
=
296 x
230 x 0.904 x
81 = 2491986
Side cover x'
=
25 mm is provided at side (end)
and the slab has a support of
=
400 mm width without providing any hook or bend
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
1.3 xM1
V
=(
400
2
25
)=
L0
1.3
f s st
4 tbd
Devlopment length Ld
= 45 F
Alternatively, Ld
Thus
=
=
=
M1
1.3x
V
718 >
175
mm
2491986
5966
8
x
4
x( 1.6
175
230
x 0.8
45
L0
>
Ld
360
718 mm
= 359
mm
360 mm
Provide D =
Available d =
d-
25
25
8
mm2
8 mm f Ring
mm
4 Determination of actual N.A. and stress.:Thus the section is complete known However, we have determine the actual stress included
in section. To find the position of N.A., we have from Eq.
=
bf
x
Df
x(
n
- Df/2 )= m
x Ast x( d
n )
N.A.
= 1967
x
100 x (
n
50 )= 13.33 x 1963 x( 255 n )
9833333
196667
6670832
x
n
=
- 26160 n
196667
6670832
9833333
n
+ 26160.13 n
+
=
222827 =
n
= 16504165
/
74 mm thus, the N.A. falls in the flange.
N.A. falls in the flange, we have N.A .
bf / 2 x
Ast
x(
=
\
n =
= 6784 n2
2
or
b +b -4.a.c
2a
or
or
or
or
a.=
d-
corresponding stress In
concrete is given by
n
=
3
m
=
Ast xa
t
x
m
1967
2
26.6
n
n2
n)
n
or n2+
- 6783.9
=
26.60 n
-6784
= 26.60 + 708 -4x 1.00 x
2 x
1
n
= 26.60 +( 708 - -27135.58729 )1/2
2
27843.33
n
= 26.60 +(
)1/2
2
x
1
n
= 26.60 + 167
2
n
=
140 /
2
= 70 mm
70
255
=
232
mm
3
91008000
=
200
Fail
N/mm2 > 73
1963 x
232
n
200
70
=
x
= 5.7 <
7
d-n
13.33
255 70
N
mm2
N
53325
V
=
= 0.7
bxd
300 x 255
mm2
100As
100 x 981
Assuming that at the ends,
2 bars will be bent up available =
= 1.28 %
bxd
300 x 255
Hence from Table permissible shear (tc)for M 20 concrete, for 1.28 % steel = 0.42 N/mm2
Since tv >
tc
Shear reinforcement necessary
shear resistance of concrete V c=tc. Bd
= 0.42
255 = 32130 N
x 300 x
x
2
6.00
53325
N tv =
-25
subject to a max. of V / 2
26662.5
2
=
N
= 53325 /
than
the
S.F.
it
self.
Through
shear
resistance
of
concrete
(v 2 = tc. bd )
This is >
is additionally available, we will have to provide nominal shear stirrups.
using
8
using 8
3.14xdia2
4 x100
lgd stirrups area
=
2
mm f bars area
mm
mm F 2 lgd stirrups, @
2.175 x Asv.x fy
=
x
=
3.14 x
4
50.2 =
2.18 x
300
8
x
8
= 50.2 mm2
100
100.4 mm2
100 x 415
= 302 mm
981
mm2
53325 N
Alternatively, Ld = 45 F = 45 x 25 = 1125 mm
V
=
Let us assume the width of supports equal to
= 400 mm and a side cover x' 25 mm,
Assuming no hook provided
Ls
400
we have, Lo =(
x'
=
25
= 175
mm
2
2
1.3 xM1
52359500
L0
+
=
1.3
x
+ 175 = 1451
mm
53325
V
Hence Code requirement are satisfied
= 1451 > 1125
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
PKN
3250
3500
8
400
mm f @
mm f @
650
170
340
810
3250
mm
10000
mm c/c
mm c/c
8
8
875
mm F @
mm f @
875
410
170
810
mm c/c
mm c/c
400
650
100
440
25
600
mm f
Nos.
300
440
200
700
300
Nos
25
25
4
mm f
mm f
Nos
400
mm F 2 ldge srirrups @
mm c/c
300
330
330
6000 mm
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
M-15
18.67
M-20
13.33
M-25
10.98
M-30
9.33
M-35
8.11
M-40
7.18
scbc N/mm2
m scbc
8.5
10
11.5
13
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
kc
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
(a) sst =
140
N/mm2
(Fe 250)
jc
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
Rc
0.867
1.214
1.474
1.734
1.994
2.254
Pc (%)
0.714
1.214
1.429
1.643
1.857
kc
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
jc
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
Rc
0.89
0.732
1.025
1.244
1.464
1.684
1.903
Pc (%)
0.433
0.606
0.736
0.866
0.997
1.127
kc
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
jc
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
Rc
0.653
0.914
1.11
1.306
1.502
1.698
Pc (%)
0.314
0.44
0.534
0.628
0.722
0.816
kc
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
jc
0.916
0.916
0.916
0.914
0.916
0.916
Rc
0.579
0.811
0.985
1.159
1.332
1.506
Pc (%)
0.23
0.322
0.391
0.46
0.53
0.599
(b) sst =
190
N/mm2
(c ) sst =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)
(d) sst =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)
tv N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.2
0.2
0.23
0.23
0.31
0.32
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.62
0.62
0.63
tc.max
M-15
1.6
M-20
1.8
M-25
1.9
M-30
2.2
M-35
2.3
M-40
2.5
Grade of concrete
tbd (N / mm2)
Shear stress tc
100As
M-20
bd
0.14
0.17
0.15
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.19
0.21
0.2
0.22
0.2
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.21
0.25
0.21
0.26
0.21
0.27
0.22
0.28
0.22
0.29
0.22
0.3
0.23
0.31
0.23
0.32
0.24
0.33
0.24
0.34
0.24
0.35
0.25
0.36
0.25
0.37
0.25
0.38
0.26
0.39
0.26
0.4
0.26
0.41
0.27
0.42
0.27
0.43
0.27
0.44
0.28
0.45
0.28
0.46
0.28
0.47
0.29
0.48
0.29
0.49
0.29
0.5
0.30
0.51
0.30
0.52
0.30
0.53
0.30
0.54
0.30
0.55
0.31
0.56
0.31
0.57
0.31
0.58
0.31
0.59
0.31
0.6
0.32
0.61
0.32
Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.17
0.14
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25
Degree
10
15
16
17
18
19
Value of
sin
0.174
0.259
0.276
0.292
0.309
0.326
% fy
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.50
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.35
1.30
1.30
1.25
1.25
1.20
1.18
1.17
1.16
1.15
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.11
1.11
1.11
angle
cos
0.985
0.966
0.961
0.956
0.951
0.946
tan
0.176
0.268
0.287
0.306
0.325
0.344
2.0
1.75
1.65
1.55
1.5
1.45
1.4
1.35
1.3
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.2
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.1
1.1
1.08
1.06
1.05
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00
2
1.85
1.75
1.65
1.5
1.4
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.2
1.16
1.13
1.1
1.1
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.01
1.0
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.87
0.86
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
20
21
22
23
24
25
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0.342
0.358
0.375
0.391
0.407
0.422
0.573
0.643
0.707
0.766
0.819
0.866
0.906
0.940
0.934
0.927
0.921
0.924
0.906
0.819
0.766
0.707
0.643
0.574
0.500
0.423
0.364
0.384
0.404
0.424
0.445
0.466
0.700
0.839
1.000
1.192
1.428
1.732
2.145
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
0.4
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
M-15
0.6
M-20
0.8
M-25
0.9
M-30
1
M-35
1.1
M-40
1.2
M-45
1.3
H.Y.S.D. Bars
Grade of
concrete
tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F
tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F
M 15
0.6
58
0.96
60
M 20
0.8
44
1.28
45
M 25
0.9
39
1.44
40
M 30
35
1.6
36
M 35
1.1
32
1.76
33
M 40
1.2
29
1.92
30
M 45
1.3
27
2.08
28
M 50
1.4
25
2.24
26
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Kg/m2
300
500
700
850
1000
1150
1300
1450
1600
(N/mm2)
2.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
Kg/m2
250
400
500
600
800
900
1000
1100
1200
(N/mm2)
-0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
in kg/m2
-60
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
n factore Table
415
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.15
1.05
1.02
1.20
0.98
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.50
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.20
1.16
1.08
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.69
0.69
0.68
0.68
00)
M-50
1.4
fs = 120 =fy200
2.0
fs =145 =fy250
fs =190 =fy328
1.6
fs =240 =fy415
fs = 290 =fy500
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
Modification factore
Fig 7.1
Fs= steel stress of service load =0.58fy
for steeel
2
fy 500
= Fs 290 N/mm
2
fy 415
= Fs 240 N/mm
2
fy 328
= Fs 190 N/mm
2
fy 250
= Fs 145 N/mm
2
fy 207
= Fs 120 N/mm
2.4
2.8
3.2