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Final Report
Jason Avram
Center for Aircraft Structural Life Extension (CAStLE)
Department of Engineering Mechanics
HQ USAFA/DFEM
2354 Fairchild Drive, Suite 6L-155
USAF Academy CO 80840-6240
(719) 333-6266, DSN 333-6266
November 2006
,f7
20061109075
i.... '
~~~~~~~~.
.....
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1 November 2006
Date
SAF
ife Extension
1 November 2006
Date
USAFA TR 2006-10
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to document the fatigue crack growth (FCG) testing that was
accomplished, in conjunction with various other labs, to meet the objectives of the ASTM
E647 FCG Round Robin Testing. Three M(T) panels each of2024-T351 and 7075-T6
aluminum were tested, with a different configuration for each-thick panels (0.375") for
2024-T351 and thin panels (0.125") for 7075-T6. The goal of the testing was to develop
da/dN vs. AK curves for low load ratio testing (R = 0.1), focusing on AK > 10 ksi/in.
USAFA TR 2006-10
a. Temperature-26C
b. Humidity-24%
"* AL-2-29: 22-23 June 06/2 days duration
a. Temperature-26*C
b. Humidity-24%
"* AL-2-30: 26-27 June 06/2 days duration
a. Temperature-260 C
b. Humidity-24%
"* AL-7-32: 17-18 May 05/2 days duration
a. Temperature-28*C
b. Humidity-15%
"* AL-7-33: 18-19 May 05/2 days duration
a. Temperature-29C
b. Humidity-16%
"* AL-7-34: 23-24 May 05/2 days duration
a. Temperature-31 0C
b. Humidity-20%
iv. Grips-M(T) Geometry
"* Grip-to-Grip distance - required that Gage Length > 6
inches was required
"* Applied strain gages to verify that no significant bending
stress was present in test frame for 2024-T351 testing
3) Specimen Details
a. Material
i. 2024-T351 Aluminum: cracks checked visually, E not needed
ii. 7075-T6 Aluminum: E = 9.5 x 103 Ksi
b. Specimen Geometry
i. M(T) Fatigue Crack Growth Specimens
* E647 stress intensity solution was not used. The following
stress intensity solution was used, where AK = K,,,m - Kmi,:
a.
K= FSg-ffa
1- 0.5a + 0.326ao2
b
-,--awhere:
b.
ii. Dimensions
"* Width (W); Thickness (B)
a. 2024-T351: W = 4in; B = 0.375 in
b. 7075-T6: W = 4 in; B = 0.125 in
"* Notch Length = 0.80 in
"* Notch Height = 0.01 in
"* Crack Length Transducer location and dimensions
a. Crack length transducer was centered and located
directly above the EDM notch
b. Transducer was positioned with one hole
approximately 0.30" above and below the EDM
notch
USAFA TR 2006-10
USAFA TR 2006-10
USAFA TR 2006-10
This concludes CAStLE's portion of the round robin testing. For any questions or
concerns, please feel free to contact me.
USAFA TR 2006-10
Cycles
30000
60000
100000
140000
Left Crack
Tip
Back (in)
0.442
0.449
0.47
0.473
Right Crack
Tip
Front (in)
0.441
0.451
0.457
0.476
Right Crack
Tip
Back (in)
0.471
0.471
0.472
0.505
Avg. Crack
Length
(inches)
160000
0.494
0.492
0.479
0.505
0.4925
180000
200000
210000
220000
230000
235000
240000
0.527
0.631
0.705
0.807
0.943
1.028
1.121
0.56
0.667
0.742
0.838
0.972
1.054
1.137
0.526
0.64
0.72
0.824
0.953
1.043
1.142
0.567
0.674
0.759
0.863
0.998
1.081
1.171
0.545
0.653
0.7315
0.833
0.9665
1.0515
1.14275
245000
1.265
1.288
1.296
1.319
1.292
248000
249000
1.406
1.485
1.431
1.511
1.429
1.504
1.431
1.528
1.42425
1.507
249500
1.537
1.575
1.566
1.591
1.56725
250000
1.622
1.646
1.641
1.66
1.64225
Left Crack
Tip
Back (in)
0.569
0.678
0.763
0.862
0.986
1.066
1.162
1.239
1.283
1.361
1.401
Right Crack
Tip
Front (in)
0.508
0.633
0.698
0.806
0.952
1.038
1.136
1.235
1.34
1.415
1.476
Right Crack
Tip
Back (in)
0.545
0.668
0.748
0.851
0.981
1.074
1.184
1.281
1.336
1.413
1.461
Avg. Crack
Length
(inches)
0.53525
0.6525
0.73025
0.83
0.96525
1.05
1.1515
1.23775
1.301
1.3795
1.42725
99500
1.49
1.509
1.62
1.601
1.555
100000
1.554
1.581
1.742
1.705
1.6455
0.448
0.45425
0.46425
0.48375
Cycles
30000
50000
60000
70000
80000
85000
90000
93000
95000
97000
98000
USAFA TR 2006-10
Cycles
30000
50000
60000
70000
77000
84000
89000
92000
94000
95500
96500
97500
98200
Left Crack
Tip
Back (in)
0.535
0.652
0.733
0.848
0.93
1.055
1.168
1.27
1.327
1.401
1.452
1.534
1.65
Right Crack
Tip
Front (in)
0.53
0.656
0.738
0.851
0.955
1.064
1.179
1.272
1.34
1.417
1.459
1.525
1.612
Right Crack
Tip
Back (in)
0.535
0.658
0.741
0.852
0.952
1.065
1.179
1.253
1.31
1.366
1.425
1.511
1.611
Avg. Crack
Length
(inches)
0.53275
0.65575
0.73725
0.8505
0.94575
1.06475
1.1775
1.26225
1.32625
1.4
1.451
1.52875
1.63075
USAFA TR 2006-10
Crack Length
(in)
Crack Length
Cycles
(in)
Cycles
75
0.530343
83
0.515134
96
22113
49194
68391
81697
93187
105072
114599
123658
129597
135786
141082
145107
148547
151846
154248
156557
158919
161370
163212
164935
166471
167723
169161
170283
171465
172449
173267
174091
174821
175451
176019
176530
176898
177293
177608
177863
178060
178241
178376
178481
0.551661
0.572579
0.592614
0.613032
0.634543
0.65485
0.675476
0.695524
0.716402
0.736402
0.756949
0.778059
0.799118
0.819362
0.840063
0.860843
0.881811
0.901909
0.922331
0.942488
0.962539
0.983091
1.00365
1.02392
1.04404
1.0642
1.08519
1.10581
1.12678
1.14682
1.16692
1.18706
1.20709
1.22713
1.24745
1.26753
1.28811
1.3088
1.33009
1.35062
11832
41057
72653
95415
115222
131794
144841
155628
166158
174511
181515
186471
191126
195441
198964
202117
204996
207440
209667
211349
213070
214582
216067
217362
218499
219573
220564
221493
222404
223277
224037
224701
225289
225746
226163
226537
226810
227025
227215
227346
0.535358
0.555382
0.575512
0.596917
0.617358
0.637398
0.657693
0.67935
0.699689
0.719705
0.740677
0.761138
0.781681
0.802004
0.822173
0.842248
0.862382
0.882894
0.902969
0.92335
0.943701
0.963811
0.984673
1.00498
1.02552
1.04588
1.0659
1.08591
1.10669
1.12748
1.148
1.16835
1.18846
1.20853
1.22886
1.24943
1.2698
1.29014
1.31018
1.33101
38175
64964
86495
101346
111140
120179
126684
132231
135988
139466
142268
145230
147551
149983
152117
154029
155673
157145
158383
159672
160775
161845
162706
163502
164295
165052
165790
166409
167025
167616
168160
168621
169098
169537
169875
170134
170363
170542
170673
170772
227467
1.35103
227564
1.38501
227737
227821
1.40632
1.42876
227873
227915
1.45004
1.4739
227948
227971
1.49939
1.52209
227982
1.54669
1.61511
S228005
Crack Length
(in)
0.556429
0.576772
0.597374
0.618142
0.638165
0.658311
0.67985
0.700846
0.720882
0.741035
0.761484
0.781898
0.80213
0.823181
0.843949
0.865169
0.885622
0.905949
0.926028
0.946555
0.966595
0.987567
1.00763
1.02771
1.04822
1.06836
1.08889
1.10898
1.12938
1.14946
1.17054
1.19067
1.21069
1.23107
1.25117
1.27124
1.29141
1.31268
1.33492
1.35555
1.37597
USAFA TR 2006-10
da/dN
alpha
delta K
(ksisqrt(in)
Cycles
(in/cycle)
0
30000
60000
100000
140000
160000
8.33E-08
2.08E-07
2.5E-07
4.88E-07
4.37E-07
0.22275
0.224
0.227125
0.232125
0.241875
0.24625
1.026295
1.026619
1.027438
1.028779
1.031504
1.032776
5.480696
5.523195
5.590946
5.722278
5.780916
180000
200000
210000
220000
230000
2.63E-06
5.4E-06
7.85E-06
1.02E-05
1.34E-05
0.2725
0.3265
0.36575
0.4165
0.48325
1.04106
1.061939
1.080785
1.110529
1.160885
8.582018
9.582346
10.32195
11.31796
12.744
235000
240000
245000
248000
249000
249500
250000
0.000017
1.83E-05
2.99E-05
4.41E-05
8.28E-05
0.000121
0.00015
0.52575
0.571375
0.646
0.712125
0.7535
0.783625
0.821125
1.201228
1.253625
1.36651
1.508293
1.628118
1.737835
1.91339
13.75453
14.96438
17.34442
20.09992
22.31814
24.29368
27.38032
da/dN
Cycles
0
30000
50000
60000
alpha
0.22
0.267625
0.32625
0.365125
1.025592
1.039434
1.06183
1.080458
8.491627
9.577688
10.31001
(in/cycle)
3.175E-06
5.8625E-06
7.775E-06
delta K
(ksisqr(in)
70000
9.975E-06
0.415
1.109554
11.28763
80000
85000
90000
93000
95000
97000
98000
99500
1.3525E-05
0.00001695
0.0000203
0.00002875
3.1625E-05
0.00003925
0.00004775
8.5167E-05
0.482625
0.525
0.57575
0.618875
0.6505
0.68975
0.713625
0.7775
1.160344
1.200451
1.259226
1.320836
1.374691
1.454614
1.512139
1.713633
12.72982
13.73582
15.08867
16.40896
17.50891
19.07761
20.17239
23.86154
100000
0.000181
0.82275
1.922279
27.53474
10
USAFA TR 2006-10
da/dN
delta K
(ksiCycles
30000
50000
60000
70000
77000
84000
89000
92000
94000
95500
96500
97500
98200
(in/cycle)
sqrt(in)
0.266375
0.327875
0.368625
0.42525
0,472875
0.532375
0.58875
0.631125
0.663125
0.7
0.7255
0.764375
0.815375
6.15E-06
8.15E-06
1.13E-05
1.36E-05
0.000017
2.26E-05
2.83E-05
3.2E-05
4.92E-05
5.1E-05
7.78E-05
0.000146
1.039024
1.062544
1.0823
1.116347
1.152095
1.208205
1.276533
1.340723
1.398653
1.478376
1.543802
1.66515
1.88291
9.607971
10.37697
11.49614
12.51099
13.92131
15.46779
16.82005
17.98614
19.5328
20.76542
22.9899
26.84966
2024-T351
0.00111
4"
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USAFA TR 2006-10
Delta K
da/dN
Applied
Effective
Cycles
(in/cycle)
Ksi(inA.5)
Ksi(inA.5)
11094
35653
58792
75044
87442
99129
109835
119128
126627
132691
138434
143094
146827
150196
153047
155402
157738
160144
162291
164073
165703
167097
168442
169722
170874
171957
172858
173679
174456
175136
175735
176274
176714
177095
177450
177735
177961
178150
178308
178428
9.67E-07
7.72E-07
1.04E-06
1.53E-06
1.87E-06
1.71E-06
2.17E-06
2.21E-06
3.52E-06
3.23E-06
3.88E-06
5.24E-06
6.12E-06
6.14E-06
8.62E-06
9.OOE-06
8.88E-06
8.20E-06
1.11E-05
1.17E-05
1.31E-05
1.64E-05
1.43E-05
1.81E-05
1.70E-05
2.05E-05
2.57E-05
2.50E-05
2.87E-05
3.18E-05
3.54E-05
3.94E-05
5.44E-05
5.07E-05
6.45E-05
7.87E-05
1.05E-04
1.14E-04
1.58E-04
1.96E-04
4.685651
4.896913
5.12104
5.348073
5.564574
5.79365
6.047735
6.304612
6.568769
6.836207
7.11861
7.414769
7.727275
8.074084
8.412778
8.757716
9.1308
9.539281
9.958958
10.34965
10.76251
11.2086
11.68546
12.1635
12.64433
13.1803
13.76192
14.34715
14.91668
15.54796
16.21568
16.84881
17.56827
18.30008
19.01462
19.78067
20.60443
21.50913
22.43353
23.32457
4.50331
4.573674
4.96342
5.273048
5.088261
5.374089
5.578877
5.553465
6.150474
6.600224
6.913334
7.259222
7.639184
7.323599
7.682467
8.46573
7.949934
8.602312
9.32117
9.729075
10.02336
9.655662
9.620322
10.53171
12.25859
13.10159
13.68827
13.15921
13.42613
14.0265
13.93033
15.79693
10.52601
11.10581
10.82433
3.187272
9.170169
15.7217
16.80291
9.727608
12
USAFA TR 2006-10
Cycles
Delta K
Effective
Ksi(inA.5)
5957
26444
56855
84034
105318
123508
138317
150234
160893
170334
178013
183993
188798
193283
197202
200540
203556
206218
208553
210508
212209
213826
215324
216714
217930
219036
220068
221028
221948
222840
223657
224369
224995
225517
225954
226350
226673
226917
227120
227280
227406
227515
227650
227779
227847
227894
227931
227959
227976
227993
1.72E-06
6.85E-07
6.37E-07
9.40E-07
1.03E-06
1.21E-06
1.56E-06
2.01E-06
1.93E-06
2.40E-06
2.99E-06
4.13E-06
4.41E-06
4.71E-06
5.73E-06
6.37E-06
6.99E-06
8.39E-06
9.01E-06
1.21E-05
1.18E-05
1.33E-05
1.40E-05
1.57E-05
1.81E-05
1.90E-05
2.02E-05
2.15E-05
2.28E-05
2.38E-05
2.70E-05
3.06E-05
3.42E-05
4.39E-05
4.88E-05
5.50E-05
7.46E-05
9.46E-05
1.05E-04
1.59E-04
1.65E-04
3.50E-04
1.23E-04
2.67E-04
4.09E-04
5.68E-04
7.72E-04
9.87E-04
2.24E-03
2.98E-03
2.78633
4.612697
4.805945
4.914727
5.103054
5.317942
5.494095
5.736698
5.912275
6.035476
6.391897
6.695711
6.824092
7.188312
7.142065
7.289641
7.910766
8.419771
8.620443
8.40095
8.72324
9.035658
9.610335
9.427794
9.441694
10.4557
10.98186
11.87713
11.90714
11.30726
12.9531
15.12409
15.58618
16.5643
16.04632
15.35086
16.14117
15.71137
15.1025
15.12699
16.14365
20.91779
25.41955
21.47371
20.5018
23.26079
24.04207
28.99257
32.75794
35.08554
4.338151
4.631921
4.831874
5.019136
5.21034
5.43792
5.66596
5.908563
6.168259
6.430374
6.692574
6.974114
7.275338
7.586433
7.903917
8.232538
8.573045
8.914818
9.287326
9.67949
10.09623
10.51631
10.93532
11.39256
11.8689
12.3619
12.87347
13.41511
13.97439
14.53643
15.1505
15.72648
16.34124
17.05403
17.76336
18.53756
19.35717
20.1501
20.9451
21.83027
22.74134
24.04489
25.45607
26.52318
27.59278
28.78767
30.14975
31.52479
32.77694
35.14425
13
USAFA TR 2006-10
Cycles
da/dN
(in/cycle)
Delta K
Applied
(Ksi/inA1.5)
19135
51569
75729
93920
106243
5.34E-07
7.69E-07
9.65E-07
1.35E-06
2.06E-06
4.93647
4.98167
5.17281
5.40422
5.63887
115659
123431
2.38E-06
3.23E-06
5.8671
6.11808
129457
134109
137727
140867
143749
146390
148767
151050
153073
3.61E-06
5.36E-06
5.88E-06
7.29E-06
6.83E-06
9.07E-06
8.54E-06
9.94E-06
1.07E-05
6.38075
6.64654
6.92004
7.20312
7.51153
7.82797
8.15539
8.51489
8.88252
154851
1.24E-05
9.25361
156409
157764
159027
160223
161310
162275
163104
163898
164673
165421
166099
166717
167320
167888
168390
168859
169317
169706
170004
170248
170452
170607
170722
1.36E-05
1.66E-05
1.55E-05
1.90E-05
1.88E-05
2.33E-05
2.58E-05
2.54E-05
2.71E-05
2.72E-05
3.30E-05
3.26E-05
3.57E-05
3.70E-05
4.34E-05
4.27E-05
4.58E-05
5.94E-05
7.79E-05
9.29E-05
0.000124
0.000157
0.000206
9.64986
10.0407
10.441
10.8891
11.3533
11.811
12.2926
12.8107
13.3429
13.8966
14.4798
15.07
15.6922
16.3547
17.0304
17.7388
18.4749
19.239
20.0563
20.9056
21.7621
22.6827
23.6929
14
USAFA TR 2006-10
7075-T6
1.OOE-03
G E4705-
--
:r--
:A.---7---------------------------
-9-E647 7075-A-7-3----------------t-E6477075-AL-7-34
-h
II
h-Iir-
---
- - - - - - - - - -
Ir
1.OOE-04-------------------
D - - -
-I-
F - -
I-2-r - I
-I-
-T -I
- - - - -r - - - -r
*lODE-OSciizzzzzz
-
1 .-0-
F-
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r I
-0---- -
IlODE--F
Fr
--
1
lo
-- -- 10
-- r
K (-etl-s---qrt
100
-
I-n))r
- - -1
USAFA TR 2006-10
16
REPOT DCUMNTATON
AGEForm
1.RE
Approved
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1. AUTHORTSDAT
t 051
COTASK
NUMBER
4, TILE AD SUBITLESa.
5c.WROGRK
UNM LEMBERTNME
(CAStLE)
of Enineering Mechanics, FIC US~.TA/DFFN
Drive, Suite 2J2, U-SAF Academy CO) 80iS.10-6250
1DSA-FA-*rR-2006-10
14. ABSTRACT
Tepurpose of this report is to document the fatigue crack growth (FCG) testing that was accomplished. in conjunction with various other
labs, to meet the ob~jectives of the ASTM E647 ECO Round Robin Testing. Three M(T) panels cea of 2024-T351I and 7073-T6 aluminum
were tested., with a different configuration for each-thick panels (0.375") for 2024-T351I and thin panels (0.125") for 7075-T6. Thle goal
of the testing was to develop da/d.Vvs. JK curves for low load ratio testing (R 0.1). focusing on JK t 10 k-siin.
ro
hA.STM,
Testing standard,
a/~
vs.
17. LIMITATION
OF ABSTRACT
a. REPORT
b. ABSTRACT
c. THIS PAGE
unclassified
onclassi fied
unclassifi'ed
LF
18. NUMBER
OF PAGES